Accounting Policies of Quasar India Ltd. Company

Mar 31, 2024

1. GENERAL INFORMATION:

Quasar India Limited having CIN: L67190DL1979PLC009555, a Public Limited listed on the Bombay Stock Exchange. It was incorporated on April 18,1979 under the Companies Act,1956 with the Registrar of Companies, NCT of Delhi & Haryana. The Company is currently engaged in the business of dealing and trading in all types of goods, commodities and other related materials on retail as well as on a wholesale basis.

(i) Statement of Compliances

These standalone financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with Indian Accounting Standard (Ind AS) under the historical cost convention on the accrual basis except for certain financial instruments which are measured at fair values, the provisions of the Companies Act, 2013 (‘the Act’) (to the extent notified). The Ind AS are prescribed under Section 133 of the Act read with Rule 3 of the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015 and relevant amendment rules issued thereafter.

The Company has consistently applied accounting policies to all years. Comparative Financial information has been re-grouped, wherever necessary, to correspond to the figures of the current year.

(ii) Basis Of Preparation

The standalone financial statements have been prepared on accrual basis under the historical cost convention except for the certain financial instruments that are measured at fair values as required by relevant Ind AS:

a) certain financial assets and liabilities (including derivative instruments)

b) defined employee benefit plans - plan assets are measured at fair value Historical cost is generally based on the fair value of the consideration given in exchange for goods and services. Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date.

(iii) Basis of Measurement

These financial statements prepared and presented under the historical cost convention with the exception of certain assets and liabilities that are required to be carried at fair value by Ind AS. The fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer liability in an orderly transaction between the market participant at the measurement date.

The Financial Statements have been presented in Indian Rupees (INR), which is also the company’s function currency. All values are rounded off to the nearest rupees, unless otherwise indicated.

(iv) Revenue Recognition

Revenue is recognized upon transfer of control of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration the Company expects to receive in exchange for those goods or services.

Sale of goods: Revenue from the sale of products is recognized at the point in time when control is transferred to the customer. Revenue is measured based on the transaction price, which is the consideration, net of customer incentives, discounts, variable considerations, payments made to customers, other similar charges, as specified in the contract with the customer. Additionally, revenue excludes taxes collected from customers, which are subsequently remitted to governmental authorities.

(v) Cash Flow Statement

Cash flows are reported using the indirect method, whereby profit before tax is adjusted for the effects of transactions of a noncash nature, any deferrals or accruals of past or future operating cash receipts or payments and item of income or expenses associated with investing or financing cash flows. The cash flows from operating, investing and financing activities of the Company are segregated.

(vi) Functional and presentation currency:

Items included in the standalone financial statements of the Company are measured using the currency of the primary economic environment in which the Company operates (i.e. the “functional currency”). The standalone financial statements are presented in Indian Rupee, the national currency of India, which is the functional currency of the Company.

(vii) Taxation:

Income tax expense represents the sum of the tax currently payable and deferred tax.

a) Current tax: Current tax is the amount of tax payable on the taxable income for the year as determined in accordance with the applicable tax rates and the provisions of the Income Tax Act, 1961 and other applicable tax laws.

b) Minimum Alternate Tax (MAT) paid in accordance with the tax laws, which gives future economic benefits in the form of adjustment to future income tax liability, is considered as an asset if there is convincing evidence that the Company will pay normal income tax. Accordingly, MAT is recognized as an asset in the Balance Sheet when it is highly probable that future economic benefit associated with it will flow to the Company.

c) Deferred tax: Deferred tax is recognized using the balance sheet approach. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized on temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities in the standalone financial statements and the corresponding tax bases used in the computation of taxable profit. Deferred tax liabilities are generally recognized for all taxable temporary differences.

Deferred tax assets are generally recognized for all deductible temporary differences to the extent that it is probable that taxable profits will be available against which those deductible temporary differences can be utilized.

The carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reviewed at the end of each reporting period and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profits will be available to allow all or part of the asset to be utilized.

Deferred tax liabilities and assets are measured at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the period in which the liability is settled or the asset realized, based on tax rates (and tax laws) that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the end of the reporting period.

The measurement of deferred tax liabilities and assets reflects the tax consequences that would follow from the manner in which the Company expects, at the end of the reporting period, to recover or settle the carrying amount of its assets and liabilities.

(viii) Employee Benefits: Short Term Employee Benefits Employee benefits payable wholly within twelve months of rendering the services are classified as short-term employee benefits and recognized in the period in which the employee renders the related service. These are re-cognized at the undiscounted amount of the benefits expected to be paid in exchange for that service.

(ix) Inventories: During the year and as on Balance sheet date, company has no inventory.

(x) Provisions and contingencies:

Provisions: A provision is recognized when the Company has a present obligation as a result of past events and it is probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation, in respect of which a

reliable estimate can be made. The amount recognised as a provision is the best estimate of the consideration required to settle the present obligation at the end of the reporting period, taking into account the risks and uncertainties surrounding the obligation. When a provision is measured using the cash flows estimated to settle the present obligation, its carrying amount is the present value of those cash flows (when the effect of time value of money is material).

Contingent liabilities: Contingent liabilities are not recognized but are disclosed in notes to accounts.

(xi) Cash and cash equivalents: Cash comprises cash on hand and demand deposits with banks. Cash equivalents are short term balances (with an original maturity of three months or less from the date of acquisition) and highly liquid investments that are readily convertible into known amounts of cash and which are subject to insignificant risk of changes in value.

For the purposes of the cash flow statement, cash and cash equivalents include cash on hand, in banks and demand deposits with banks, net of outstanding bank overdrafts that are repayable on demand, book overdraft and are considered part of the Company’s cash management system.

(xii) Related Party Disclosure:

List of related parties where control exists and also related parties with whom transactions have taken place and relationships, has been disclosed in Annexure - 1 to the Notes to Accounts.

(xiii) Auditor’s Remuneration: (Rs. In Lacs)

Particulars	2023-24	2022-23
Audit Fees	0.50	0.40

(xiv) In the opinion of the board of Directors, Current Assets, Loans and Advances a value of realization equivalent to the amount at which they are stated in the Balance Sheet. Adequate provisions have been made in the accounts for all the known liabilities

(xv) Property, Plant and Equipment:

Property, plant and equipment are carried at cost less accumulated depreciation and impairment losses, if any. The cost of property, plant and equipment comprises its purchase price/ acquisition cost, net of any trade discounts and rebates, any import duties and other taxes (other than those subsequently recoverable from the tax authorities), any directly attributable expenditure on making the asset ready for its intended use, other incidental expenses and interest on borrowings attributable to acquisition of qualifying property, plant and equipment up to the date the asset is ready for its intended use.

Depreciation on Property, plant and equipment (other than freehold land) has been provided on the Diminishing method as per the useful life prescribed in Schedule II to the Companies Act, 2013, in whose case the life of the assets has been assessed as under based on account the nature of the asset, the estimated usage of the asset, the operating conditions of the asset, past history of replacement, anticipated technological changes, manufacturers warranties and maintenance support, etc.

The estimated useful life of the tangible assets and the useful life are reviewed at the end of each financial year and the depreciation period is revised to reflect the changed pattern, if any. An item of property, plant and equipment is derecognized upon disposal or when no future economic benefits are expected to arise from continued use of the asset. Any gain or loss arising on the disposal or retirement of an item of property, plant and equipment is determined as the difference between the sales proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset and is recognized in the statement of profit and loss.

(xvi) Investment & Financial Assets

(a) Classification

The Group classifies its financial assets in the measurement categories:

* Those to be measured subsequently at fair value, and * Those measured at amortised cost.

The Classification depends on the entity’s business model for managing the financial assets and the contractual terms of the cash flows.

For assets measured at fair value, gains and losses will be recorded in profit or loss. For investment in equity instruments, this will depend on whether group has made an irrecoverable election at the time of initial recognition to account for the equity investment at fair value through other comprehensive income.

(b) Derecognition

A financial asset (or, where applicable, a part of a financial asset or part of a group of similar financial assets) is primarily derecognized (i.e. removed from the Company’s balance sheet) when:

A. The contractual rights to the cash flows from the financial asset have expired, or B. The Company has transferred its rights to receive cash flows from the asset or has assumed an obligation to pay the received cash flows in full without material delay to a third party under a ‘pass-through’ arrangement; and either

i) The Company has transferred substantially all the risks and rewards of the asset, or

ii) The Company has neither transferred nor retained substantially all the risks and rewards of the asset, but has transferred control of the asset.

When the Company has transferred its rights to receive cash flows from an asset or has entered into a passthrough arrangement, it evaluates if and to what extent it has retained the risks and rewards of ownership. When it has neither transferred nor retained substantially all of the risks and rewards of the asset, nor transferred control of the asset, the Company continues to recognize the transferred asset to the extent of the Company’s continuing involvement. In that case, the Company also recognizes an associated liability. The transferred asset and the associated liability are measured on a basis that reflects the rights and obligations that the Company has retained.

Continuing involvement that takes the form of a guarantee over the transferred asset is measured at the lower of the original carrying amount of the asset and the maximum amount of consideration that the Company could be required to repay.

(c) Impairment of financial assets

The Company assesses impairment based on expected credit loss (ECL) model to the following:

A. Financial assets measured at amortized cost B. Financial assets measured at fair value through other comprehensive income

Expected credit losses are measured through a loss allowance at an amount equal to:

A. The 12-months expected credit losses (expected credit losses that result from those default events on the financial instrument that are possible within 12 months after the reporting date); or

B. Full time expected credit losses (expected credit losses that result from all possible default events over the life of the financial instrument)

The Company follows ‘simplified approach’ for recognition of impairment loss allowance on trade receivables. It recognizes impairment loss allowance based on lifetime ECLs at each reporting date, right from its initial recognition. The Company uses a provision matrix to determine impairment loss allowance for trade receivables. The provision matrix is based on its historically observed default rates over the expected life of the trade receivable and is adjusted for forward looking estimates. At every reporting date, the historical observed default rates are updated and changes in the forward-looking estimates are analyzed.

For recognition of impairment loss on other financial assets and risk exposure, the Company determines that whether there has been a significant increase in the credit risk since initial recognition. If credit risk has not increased significantly, 12-months ECL is used to provide for impairment loss. However, if credit

risk has increased significantly, lifetime ECL is used. If, in a subsequent period, credit quality of the instrument improves such that there is no longer a significant increase in credit risk since initial recognition, then the Company reverts to recognising impairment loss allowance based on 12-months ECL.

ECL impairment loss allowance (or reversal) recognized during the period is recognized as income/ expense in the statement of profit and loss. The balance sheet presentation for various financial instruments is described below:

A. Financial assets measured as at amortised cost and contractual revenue receivables - ECL is presented as an allowance, i.e., as an integral part of the measurement of those assets in the balance sheet. The allowance reduces the net carrying amount. Until the asset meets write-off criteria, the company does not reduce impairment allowance from the gross carrying amount.

B. Financial assets measured at FVOCI - Since financial assets are already reflected at fair value, impairment allowance is not further reduced from its value. Rather, ECL amount is presented as accumulated impairment amount in the OCI.

For assessing increase in credit risk and impairment loss, the Company combines financial instruments on the basis of shared credit risk characteristics with the objective of facilitating an analysis that is designed to enable significant increases in credit risk to be identified on a timely basis.

Financial Liabilitiesa) Initial recognition and measurement

All financial liabilities are recognised initially at fair value and, in case of loans and borrowings and payables, net of directly attributable transaction costs.

Subsequently, all financial liabilities are measured at amortised cost or at fair value through profit or loss. The Company’s financial liabilities include trade and other payables, loan and borrowings including bank overdrafts.

b) Subsequent measurement

A. Financial liabilities measured at amortised cost

B. Financial liabilities subsequently measured at fair value through profit or loss Financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss include financial liabilities held for trading and financial liabilities Financial liabilities designated upon initial recognition at fair value through profit or loss are designated as such at the initial date of recognition, and only if the criteria in Ind AS 109 are satisfied. For liabilities designated as FVTPL, fair value gains/ losses attributable to changes in own credit risk are recognized in OCI. These gains/ losses are not subsequently transferred to profit or loss. However, the Company may transfer the cumulative gain or loss within equity. All other changes in fair value of such liability are recognised in the statement of profit or loss. The Company has not designated any financial liability as at fair value through profit or loss.

c) Derecognition

A financial liability is derecognized when the obligation under the liability is discharged or cancelled or expires. When an existing financial liability is replaced by another from the same lender on substantially different terms, or the terms of an existing liability are substantially modified, such an exchange or modification is treated as the derecognition of the original liability and the recognition of a new liability. The difference in the respective carrying amounts is recognized in the statement of profit or loss.

(xvii) Fair Value

The Company measures certain financial instruments at fair value at each balance sheet date. The fair value measurement is based on the presumption that the transaction to sell the asset or transfer the liability takes place either:

A. In the principal market for the asset or liability, or

B. In the absence of a principal market, in the most advantageous market for the asset or liability.

The principal or the most advantageous market must be accessible by the Company. The fair value of an asset or a liability is measured using the assumptions that market participants would use when pricing the asset or liability, assuming that market participants act in their best economic interest.

The Company uses valuation techniques that are appropriate in the circumstances and for which sufficient data are available to measure fair value, maximizing the use of relevant observable inputs and minimizing the use of unobservable inputs.

All assets and liabilities for which fair value is measured or disclosed in the financial statements are categorized within the fair value hierarchy, described as under, based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement as a whole:

A. Level 1 - Quoted (unadjusted) market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

B. Level 2 - Valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement is directly or indirectly observable.

C. Level 3 - Valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement is directly or indirectly observable.

For assets and liabilities that are recognized in the financial statements on a recurring basis, the Company determines whether transfers have occurred between levels in the hierarchy by re-assessing categorization (based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement as a whole) at the end of each reporting period.

This note summarizes the accounting policy for fair value. Other fair value related disclosures are given in the relevant notes.

(xviii) Details of Foreign Exchanges Earnings and Out Go:-

Sr No	Particulars	31st March, 2024	31st March, 2023
1	Foreign Exchange Earning	-	-
2	Foreign Exchange Out Go	-	-

Details of foreign exchange mentioned above are certified and provided by the Management of the company.

(xix) As certified by the company that it was received written representation from all the directors, that companies in which they are directors had not defaulted in terms of section 164(2) of the companies Act, 2013, and the representation from directors taken in Board that Director is disqualified from being appointed as Director of the company.

(xx) Earnings per share (EPS):

Basic earnings per share are computed using the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the period. Diluted EPS is computed by dividing the profit or loss attributable to ordinary equity holders by the weighted average number of equity shares considered for deriving basic EPS and also weighted average number of equity shares that could have been issued upon conversion of all dilutive potential equity shares. Dilutive potential equity shares are deemed converted as of the beginning of the period, unless issued at a later date. Dilutive potential equity shares are determined independently for each

period presented. The number of equity shares and potentially dilutive equity shares are adjusted for bonus shares, as appropriate.

Contributed Equity

Equity shares are classified as equity.

(a) Earnings per Share

Basic earnings per share is calculated by dividing:

-the profit attributable to the owners group

-by the weighted average number of equities shares outstanding during the year.

(b) Rounding off amounts

All amounts disclosed in the financial statements and notes have been rounded off to the nearest lacs as per the requirement of Schedule III, unless otherwise stated.

xxi) Other Note:

As per the Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA) notification, proviso to Rule 3(1) of the Companies (Accounts) Rules, 2014, for the financial year commencing April 1, 2023, every company which uses accounting software for maintaining its books of account, shall use only such accounting software which has a feature of recording audit trail of each and every transaction, creating an edit log of each change made in the books of account along with the date when such changes were made and ensuring that the audit trail cannot be disabled. The interpretation and guidance on what level edit log and audit trail needs to be maintained evolved during the year and continues to evolve.

In the company, the accounting software has a feature of audit trail, but it was disable at an application level for maintenance of books of accounts and relevant transactions. However, the global standard ERP used by the Company has not been enabled with the feature of audit trail log at the database layer to log direct transactional changes, due to present design of ERP. This is being taken up with the vendor. In the meanwhile, the Company continues to ensure that direct write access to the database is granted only via an approved change management process.

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Mar 31, 2015

A. Use of estimates

The preparation of Financial Statements in conformity with Indian GAAP requires the management to make judgments, estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of revenues, expenses, assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent liabilities, at the end of the reporting period. Although these estimates are based on the management's best knowledge of current event and actions, uncertainty about these assumptions and estimates could result in the outcomes requiring a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets or liabilities in future period.

b. Fixed assets

Fixed assets are carried at the cost of acquisition or construction less accumulated depreciation. The cost of fixed assets includes non-refundable taxes, duties, freight and other incidental expenses related to the acquisition and installation of the respective assets.

c. Depreciation

Depreciation on fixed asset is provided on the Written Down Value (WDV) Method. Depreciation is provided based on useful life of the assets as prescribed in Schedule II to the Companies Act, 2013.

d. Revenue recognition

Having regards to the size, nature and level of operation of the business, the company is applying accrual basis of accounting for recognition of income earned and expenses incurred in the normal course of business.

e. Inventories

Inventories include Cotton Fabrics and valuation of them has been made at cost.

f. Taxes on Income

Tax expense comprises of current tax and deferred tax. Current tax is measured at the amount expected to be paid to the tax authorities, using the applicable tax rates. Deferred income tax reflect the current period timing differences between taxable income and accounting income for the period and reversal of timing differences of earlier years/period.

Deferred tax assets are recognised only to the extent that there is a reasonable certainty that sufficient future income will be available except that deferred tax assets, in case there are unabsorbed depreciation or losses, are recognised if there is virtual certainty that sufficient future taxable income will be available to realize the same.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using the tax rates and tax law that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the Balance Sheet date.

g. Provisions

A provision is recognized when the company has a present obligation as a result of past event, it is probable that an outflow of resource embodying economic benefits will be require to settle the obligation and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation. Provisions are not discounted to their present value and are determined based on the best estimate required to settle the obligation at the reporting date. These estimates are review at the end of each reporting date and adjusted to reflect the current best estimates.

h. Earnings Per Share

Basic Earnings per Share has been calculated by dividing the net profit or loss for the period attributable to equity shareholders by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the period. Diluted Earnings per share has been computed by dividing the net profit after tax by the weighted average no. of equity shares considered for deriving basic earning per share and also the weighted average no. of equity shares that could have been issued upon conversion of all dilutive potential equity shares.

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Mar 31, 2014

A. Changes In accounting policy

The revised Schedule VI notified under the Companies Act, 1956, has become applicable to the company, for preparation and presentation of its financial statements. The adoption of revised Schedule VI does not Impact recognition and measurement principles followed for preparation of Financial statements. However, It only impact on the presentation and disclosures made in the financial statements. The company has also reclassified previous year''s figure In accordance with the requirements applicable for the current year.

b. Revenue recognition

Having regard to the size, nature and level of operation of the business, the company is applying accrual basis of accounting for recognition of Income earned and expenses incurred in the normal course of business,

C. Fixed assets:

Fixed Assets are valued at cost of purchase and/or construction as Increased by necessary expenditure Incurred to make them ready for use In the business,

d. Inventories

Inventories Include Investments In shares of other companies. The company classifies such Investments as Inventory and valuation of them has been made at lower of cost or market value. However, unquoted investments are stated at cost.

e. Depreciation

The company charged depreciation on its fixed assets on WDV method as per rates prescribed under Schedule XIV of the Companies Act, 1956.

f. Taxes on income

Current taxes on Income have been provided by the Company In accordance with the relevant provisions of the Income Tax Act. 1961. Deferred Taxes has been recognised on timing differences between accounting Income and taxable income subject to consideration of prudence.

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Mar 31, 2013

A. Changes in accounting poficy

From the year ended 31st March 2012, the revised Schedule VI notified under the Companies Act, 1956, has become applicable to the company, for preparation and presentation of its financial statements. The adoption of revised Schedule VI does not impact recognition and measurement principles foftowed for preparation of financial statements. However, it only impact on the presentation and disctosures made in the financial statements. The company has also reclassified previous year''s figure in accordance with the requirements applicable for the current year.

b. Revenue recognition

Having regard to the size, nature and level of operation of the business, the company is applying accrual basis of accounting for recognition of income earned and expenses incurred in the normal course of business.

c. Fixed assets:

Fixed Assets are valued at cost of purchase and/or construction as increased by necessary expenditure incurred to make them ready for use in the business.

d. Inventories

Inventories include investments in shares a bonds of other companies. The company classifies such investments & bonds as inventory and valuation of them has been made at tower of cost or market value. However, unquoted investments are stated at cost.

e. Depreciation

The company charged depreciation on its fixed assets on WDV method as per rates prescribed under Schedule XIV of the Companies Act, 1956.

f. Taxes on income

Current taxes on income have been provided by the Company in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Income Tax Act, 1961. Deferred Taxes has been recognised on timing differences between accounting income and taxable income subject to consideration of prudence.

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Mar 31, 2012

Not Available.

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Mar 31, 2011

Not Available.