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Accounting Policies of Fortis Malar Hospitals Ltd. Company
Mar 31, 2025
1. CORPORATE INFORMATION
Fortis Malar Hospitals Limited (the ''Company'') (CIN: L85110PB1989PLC045948), was incorporated in the year 1989 to set up, manage and operate a multi-speciality hospital and the Company is a subsidiary of Fortis Hospitals Limited and Fortis Healthcare Limited is the Intermediate Holding Company and its equity shares are listed on the Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE) in India. The Company operated its state of the art Hospital facility in Chennai. The Hospital building was owned by a fellow subsidiary, Fortis Health Management Limited ("FHML").
During the previous year, the Company had sold its business operations pertaining to Malar Hospital, on a slump sale basis on February 01, 2024. Post this sale, the Company ceases to have any business operations. (also refer note 27).
2. MATERIAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES
This note provides a list of the material accounting policies adopted in the preparation of these standalone financial statements (''financial statements''). The accounting policies adopted are consistent with those of the previous financial year.
(a) Basis of preparation(i) Statement of compliance
These Standalone financial statements have been prepared in accordance with Indian Accounting Standards (Ind AS) as per the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015 as amended from time to time, notified under Section 133 of Companies Act, 2013, ("the Act") and other relevant provisions of the Act. All the amounts included in the financial statements are reported in Lakhs of Indian Rupees and are rounded off to two decimals, except per share data.
The financial statements have been authorised for issue by the Company''s Board of Directors on May 15, 2025.
(ii) Going concern assumptions
During the previous year, the Company has sold its business operations pertaining to Malar Hospital, on a slump sale basis on February 01, 2024 (also refer note 27). Post this sale, the Company ceases to have any business operations. Currently, the management
of the Company has no visibility of commencing any new business operations in the future, and the Company''s management and Board of Directors, in consultation with its legal advisors/ merchant bankers, is evaluating various corporate restructuring options for the future possible course of actions for the Company and is progressing with the finalisation of plan.
Further, the Company has sufficient cash and cash equivalent balance to settle its obligations as and when they fall due and the Company believes that it would be able to meet its financial obligations for the foreseeable future based on the current cash position and projected cash flows. Accordingly, these standalone financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis..
(iii) Functional and presentation currency
These financial statements are presented in Indian Rupees, which is also the Company''s functional currency.
The standalone financial statements have been prepared under historical cost convention on accrual basis.
(b) Current versus non-current classification
Based on the time involved between the acquisition of assets for processing and their realisation in cash and cash equivalents, the Company has identified twelve months as its operating cycle for determining current and noncurrent classification of assets and liabilities in the balance sheet.
(c) Measurement of fair values
A number of the accounting policies and disclosures require measurement of fair values, for both financial and non-financial assets and liabilities. Fair values are categorised into different levels in a fair value hierarchy based on the inputs used in the valuation techniques as follows:
Level 1: quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
Level 2: inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly (i.e. as prices) or indirectly (i.e. derived from prices).
Level 3: inputs for the asset or liability that are not based on observable market data (unobservable inputs).
The Company has an established control framework with respect to the measurement of fair values. This includes a finance team that has overall responsibility for overseeing all significant fair value measurements, including Level 3 fair values.
When measuring the fair value of an asset or a liability, the Company uses observable market data as far as possible. If the inputs used to measure the fair value of an asset or a liability fall into different levels of the fair value hierarchy, then the fair value measurement is categorised in its entirety in the same level of the fair value hierarchy as the lowest level input that is significant to the entire measurement. The Company recognises transfers between levels of the fair value hierarchy at the end of the reporting period during which the change has occurred.
A Financial instrument is any contract that gives rise to a financial asset of one entity and a financial liability or equity instrument of another entity.
All financial assets are recognised initially at fair value plus, in the case of financial assets not recorded at fair value through profit or loss, transaction costs that are attributable to the acquisition of the financial asset. Purchases or sales of financial assets that require delivery of assets within a time frame established by regulation or convention in the marketplace (regular way trades) are recognised on the trade date, i.e. the date that the Company commits to purchase or sell the asset.
Initial recognition and measurement
Trade receivables are initially recognised when they are originated. All other financial assets and financial liabilities are initially recognised when the Company becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instrument.
A financial asset (unless it is a trade receivable without a significant financing component) or financial liability is initially measured at fair value plus or minus, for an item not at FVTPL, transaction costs that are directly attributable to its acquisition or issue. A trade receivable without a significant financing component is initially measured at the transaction price.
For purposes of subsequent measurement, financial assets are classified in four categories:
⢠Debt instruments at amortised cost
⢠Debt instruments at fair value through other comprehensive income (FVOCI)
⢠Debt instruments, derivatives and equity instruments at fair value through profit or loss (FVTPL)
⢠Equity instruments measured at fair value through other comprehensive income (FVOCI)
Debt instruments at amortised cost
A ''debt instrument'' is measured at the amortised cost if the asset is held within a business model whose objective is to hold assets for collecting contractual cash flows, and contractual terms of the asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest (SPPI) on the principal amount outstanding.
After initial measurement, such financial assets are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest rate (EIR) method. The effective interest rate is the rate that exactly discounts estimated future cash payments or receipts through the expected life of the financial instrument to the gross carrying amount of the financial asset or the amortised cost of the financial liability. Amortised cost is calculated by taking into account any discount or premium on acquisition and fees or costs that are an integral part of the EIR. The EIR recognised is included in other income in the Statement of Profit and Loss. The losses arising from impairment are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss. This category generally applies to trade and other receivables.
A ''debt instrument'' is classified as at the FVOCI if the objective of the business model is achieved both by collecting contractual cash flows and selling the financial assets, and the asset''s contractual cash flows represent SPPI.
Debt instruments included within the FVOCI category are measured initially as well as at each reporting date at fair value. Fair value movements are recognised in the other comprehensive income (OCI). On derecognition of the asset, cumulative gain or loss previously recognised in OCI
is reclassified to the Statement of Profit and Loss. Interest earned whilst holding FVTOCI debt instrument is reported as interest income using the EIR method.
FVTPL is a residual category for debt instruments. Any debt instrument, which does not meet the criteria for recognised as at amortised cost or as FVOCI, is classified as at FVTPL. In addition, at initial recognition, the Company may irrevocably elect to designate a debt instrument, which otherwise meets amortised cost or FVOCI criteria, as at FVTPL. However, such election is allowed only if doing so reduces or eliminates a measurement or recognition inconsistency (referred to as ''accounting mismatch'').
Debt instruments included within the FVTPL category are measured at fair value with all changes recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.
Equity investments in subsidiaries are carried at cost less accumulated impairment losses, if any. Where an indication of impairment exists, the carrying amount of the investment is assessed and written down immediately to its recoverable amount. On disposal of investments in such entities, the difference between net disposal proceeds and the carrying amounts are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.
All other equity investments which are in scope of Ind AS 109 are measured at fair value. Equity instruments which are held for trading and contingent consideration recognised by an acquirer in a business combination to which Ind AS 103 applies are classified as at FVTPL. For all other equity instruments in scope of Ind AS 109, the Company may make an irrevocable election to present in other comprehensive income subsequent changes in the fair value. The Company makes such election on an instrument-by-instrument basis. The classification is made on initial recognition and is irrevocable.
If the Company decides to classify an equity instrument as at FVOCI, then all fair value changes on the instrument, excluding dividends, are recognised in the OCI. There is no recycling of the amounts from OCI to the Statement of Profit and Loss, even on sale of investment. However, the Company may transfer the cumulative gain or loss to retained earnings.
Equity instruments included within the FVTPL category are measured at fair value with all changes recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.
Dividend income from investments is recognised in statement of profit and loss on the date that the right to receive payment is established.
Impairment of financial assets
The Company recognises loss allowance using the expected credit loss (ECL) model for the financial assets which are not fair valued through profit or loss. Loss allowance for trade receivables with no significant financing component is measured at an amount equal to lifetime ECL. For all financial assets with contractual cash flows other than trade receivable, ECLs are measured at an amount equal to the 12-month ECL, unless there has been a significant increase in credit risk from initial recognition in which case those are measured at lifetime ECL. The amount of ECL (or reversal) that is required to adjust the loss allowance at the reporting date is recognised as an impairment gain or loss in the Statement of Profit and Loss.
Credit-impaired financial assets
At each reporting date, the Company assesses whether financial assets carried at amortised cost and debt securities at FVOCI are credit-impaired. A financial asset is ''credit-impaired'' when one or more events that have a detrimental impact on the estimated future cash flows of the financial asset have occurred. Evidence that a financial asset is credit-impaired includes the following observable data:
⢠significant financial difficulty of the debtor;
⢠a breach of contract such as a default;
⢠the restructuring of a loan or advance by the Company on terms that the Company would not consider otherwise;
⢠it is probable that the debtor will enter bankruptcy or other financial recognised; or
⢠the disappearance of an active market for a security because of financial difficulties.
Presentation of allowance for ECL in the balance sheet
Loss allowances for financial assets measured at amortised cost are deducted from the gross carrying amount of the assets.
Derecognition of financial assets
A financial asset (or, where applicable, a part of a financial asset or part of a group of similar financial assets) is primarily derecognised (i.e., removed from the Company''s balance sheet) when:
⢠The rights to receive cash flows from the asset have expired, or
⢠The Company has transferred its rights to receive cash flows from the asset or has assumed an obligation to pay the received cash flows in full without material delay to a third party under a ''pass-through'' arrangement® and either (a) the Company has transferred substantially all the risks and rewards of the asset, or (b) the Company has neither transferred nor retained substantially all the risks and rewards of the asset, but has transferred control of the asset.
When the Company has transferred its rights to receive cash flows from an asset or has entered into a passthrough arrangement, it evaluates if and to what extent it has retained the risks and rewards of ownership. When it has neither transferred nor retained substantially all of the risks and rewards of the asset, nor transferred control of the asset, the Company continues to recognise the transferred asset to the extent of the Company''s continuing involvement. In that case, the Company also recognised an associated liability. The transferred asset and the associated liability are measured on a basis that reflects the rights and obligations that the Company has retained.
The gross carrying amount of a financial asset is written off when the Company has no reasonable expectations of recovering a financial asset in its entirety or a portion thereof. The Company expects no significant recovery from the amount written off.
However, financial assets that are written off could still be subject to enforcement activities in order to comply with the Company''s procedures for recovery of amounts due.
Financial liabilities are classified as measured at amortised cost or FVTPL. A financial liability is classified as at FVTPL if it is classified as held-for-trading, or it is a derivative or it is designated as such on initial recognition. Financial liabilities at FVTPL are measured at fair value and net gains
and losses, including any interest expense, are recognised in Statement of Profit and Loss. Other financial liabilities are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method. Interest expense and foreign exchange gains and losses are recognised in Statement of Profit and Loss. Any gain or loss on derecognition is also recognised in Statement of Profit and Loss.
Derecognition of financial liabilities
A financial liability is recognised when the obligation under the liability is discharged or cancelled or expires. When an existing financial liability is replaced by another from the same lender on substantially different terms, or the terms of an existing liability are substantially modified, such an exchange or modification is treated as the derecognition of the original liability and the recognition of a new liability. The difference in the respective carrying amounts is recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.
Financial assets and financial liabilities are offset and the net amount presented in the Standalone Balance Sheet when, and only when, the Company currently has a legally enforceable right to set off the amounts and it intends either to settle them on a net basis or to realise the asset and settle the liability simultaneously.
Inventories are valued at lower of cost and net recognised value except scrap, which is valued at net estimated recognised value.
The Company uses weighted average method to determine cost for all categories of inventories except for goods in transit which is valued at specifically identified purchase cost and other direct costs incurred. Cost includes all costs of purchase, and other costs incurred in bringing the inventories to their present location and condition inclusive of non-refundable (adjustable) taxes wherever applicable.
Net recognised value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less estimated costs necessary to make the sale. The comparison of cost and net recognised value is made on an item-by-item basis.
Cash and cash equivalents include cash in hand, demand deposits with banks and other short-term highly liquid
investments with original maturities of three months or less.
For the purpose of cash flow statement, cash and cash equivalent includes cash in hand, in banks, demand deposits with banks and other short-term highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less, net of outstanding bank overdrafts that are repayable on demand and are considered part of the cash management system.
(g) Contingent liabilities and contingent assets
A contingent liability is a possible obligation that arises from past events whose existence will be confirmed by the occurrence or non-occurrence of one or more uncertain future events beyond the control of the Company or a present obligation that is not recognised because it is not probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation. A contingent liability also arises in extremely rare cases where there is a liability that cannot be recognised because it cannot be measured reliably. The Company does not recognise a contingent liability but discloses its existence in the standalone financial statements unless the possibility of an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits is remote. Contingent liabilities and commitments are reviewed by the management at each balance sheet date.
Contingent assets are not recognised in the financial statements. However, contingent assets are assessed continually and if it is virtually certain that an inflow of economic benefits will arise, the asset and related income are recognised in the period in which the change occurs.
A provision is recognised if, as a result of a past event, the Company has a present legal or constructive obligation that can be estimated reliably, and it is probable that an outflow of economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation. If the effect of the time value of money is material, provisions are determined by discounting the expected future cash flows at a pre-tax rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the liability. Where discounting is used, the increase in the provision due to the passage of time is recognised as a finance cost.
The amount recognised as a provision is the best estimate of the consideration required to settle the present
obligation at reporting date, taking into account the risks and uncertainties surrounding the obligation. When some or all of the economic benefits required to settle a provision are expected to be recovered from a third party, the receivable is recognised as an asset if it is virtually certain that reimbursement will be received, and the amount of the receivable can be measured reliably.
A contract is considered to be onerous when the expected economic benefits to be derived by the Company from the contract are lower than the unavoidable cost of meeting its obligations under the contract. The provision for an onerous contract is measured at the present value of the lower of the expected cost of terminating the contract and the expected net cost of continuing with the contract. Before such a provision is made, the Company recognised any impairment loss on the assets associated with that contract.
Provisions are reviewed at each balance sheet date and adjusted to reflect the current best estimate. If it is no longer probable that the outflow of resources would be required to settle the obligation, the provision is reversed.
Revenue in the previous year primarily comprises fees charged under contract for inpatient and outpatient hospital services and also includes sale of products comprising medical and non-medical items and Management fees from hospitals. Hospital services include charges for accommodation, medical professional services, equipment, radiology, laboratory and pharmaceutical goods used in treatments given to patients.
Contracts with customers could include promises to transfer multiple services/ products to a customer. The Company assesses the product/ services promised in a contract and identifies distinct performance obligation in the contract. Revenue towards satisfaction of a performance obligation is measured at the amount of transaction price (net of variable consideration) allocated to that performance obligation. The transaction price of services rendered and goods sold ifs net of variable consideration on account of various discounts and schemes offered by the Company as part of the contract including claims. Further, the Company also determines whether the performance obligation is satisfied at a point in time or over a period of time. These judgements and estimations are based on various factors including contractual terms and historical experience.
Revenue from in patient hospital services is recognised over the period of time, as and when services are performed. Revenue from outpatient hospital services is recognised at a point in time when patient has actually received the service. Revenue from sale of products is recognised at the point in time upon transfer of control of products to customers at the time of delivery of goods to the customers.
Revenue includes only those sales for which the Company has acted as a principal in the transaction, takes title to the products, and has the risks and rewards of ownership, including the risk of loss for collection, delivery and returns. Any revenue transaction for which the Company has acted as an agent or broker without assuming the risks and rewards of ownership have been reported on a net basis.
Excess of revenue earned over billings on contracts is recognised as unbilled revenue. Unbilled revenue is classified as Trade receivables when there is unconditional right to receive cash, and only passage of time is required, as per contractual terms. Unearned and deferred revenue ("contract liability") is recognised as other current liability when there is billings in excess of revenues.
Other operating revenue in the previous year comprises revenue from various ancillary revenue generating activities is recognised over the period of time, in accordance with the terms of the relevant agreements, as and when services are performed.
(j) Employee benefitsShort-term employee benefits
All employee benefits falling due within twelve months of the end of the period in which the employees render the related services are classified as short-term employee benefits, which include benefits like salaries, wages, short term compensated absences, performance incentives, etc. and are recognised as expenses in the period in which the employee renders the related service and measured accordingly. Short term employee benefits are measured on an undiscounted basis.
Post-employment benefit plans are classified into defined benefits plans and defined contribution plans as under:
The Company has an obligation towards gratuity, a defined benefit retirement plan covering eligible employees. The plan provides for a lump sum payment to vested employees at retirement, death while in employment or on termination of employment of an amount based on the respective employee''s salary and the tenure of employment. The liability in respect of gratuity is recognised in the books of account based on actuarial valuation by an independent actuary.
The Company makes contribution to Regional Provident Fund Commissioner for its employees. This is treated as defined contribution plan.
The Company''s contribution to the provident fund is charged to statement of profit and loss.
Other long-term employee benefits:
As per the Company''s policy, eligible leaves can be accumulated by the employees and carried forward to future periods to either be recognised during the service, or encashed. Encashment can be made during service, on early retirement, on withdrawal of scheme, at resignation and upon death of the employee. Accumulated compensated absences are treated as other long-term employee benefits.
Termination benefits are recognised as an expense when, as a result of a past event, the Company has a present obligation that can be estimated reliably, and it is probable that an outflow of economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation.
The liability in respect of all defined benefit plans and other long-term benefits is accrued in the books of account on the basis of actuarial valuation carried out by an independent actuary using the Projected Unit Credit Method. The obligation is measured at the present value of estimated future cash flows. The discount rates used for determining the present value of obligation under defined benefit plans, is based on the market yields on Government securities as at the Balance Sheet date, having maturity periods approximating to the terms of related obligations.
Remeasurement gains and losses on other long-term benefits are recognised in the statement of profit and loss in the year in which they arise. Remeasurement gains and losses in respect of all defined benefit plans arising from experience adjustments and changes in actuarial assumptions are recognised in the period in which they occur, directly in other comprehensive income. They are recognised immediately in the Statement of Changes in Equity with a corresponding debit or credit to retained earnings through OCI in the period in which they occur. Changes in the present value of the defined benefit obligation resulting from plan amendments or curtailments are recognised immediately in profit or loss as past service cost. Gains or losses on the curtailment or settlement of any defined benefit plan are recognised when the curtailment or settlement occurs. Any differential between the plan assets (for a funded defined benefit plan) and the defined benefit obligation as per actuarial valuation is recognised as a liability if it is a deficit or as an asset if it is a surplus (to the extent of the lower of present value of any economic benefits available in the form of refunds from the plan or reduction in future contribution to the plan).
Past service cost is recognised as an expense in the statement of profit and loss on a straight-line basis over the average period until the benefits become vested. To the extent that the benefits are already vested immediately following the introduction of, or changes to, a defined benefit plan, the past service cost is recognised immediately in the statement of profit and loss. Past service cost may be either positive (where benefits are introduced or improved) or negative (where existing benefits are reduced).
Income tax comprises current and deferred tax. It is recognised in Statement of profit and loss except to the extent that it relates to a business combination, or items recognised directly in equity or in OCI. Interest and penalties related to income taxes, including uncertain tax treatments, do not meet the definition of income taxes, and therefore accounted for them under Ind AS 37 Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets
Current tax comprises the best estimate of expected tax payable or receivable on the taxable income or loss for the year and any adjustment to the tax payable or receivable in respect of previous years. The amount of current tax payable or receivable is the best estimate of the tax amount expected to be paid or received after considering uncertainty related to income taxes, if any. It is measured using tax rates enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date. Current tax assets and liabilities are offset only if there is a legally enforceable right to set off the recognised amounts, and it is intended to realise the asset and settle the liability on a net basis or simultaneously.
Deferred tax is recognised in respect of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for taxation purposes. Deferred tax is also recognised in respect of carried forward tax losses and tax credits. Deferred tax is not recognised for:
- temporary differences arising on the initial recognition of assets or liabilities in a transaction that
⢠is not a business combination; and
⢠at the time of transaction (i) affects neither accounting nor taxable profit or loss and (ii) does not give rise to equal taxable and deductible temporary differences
- temporary differences related to investments in subsidiaries, associates or joint arrangements, to the extent that the Company is able to control the timing of the reversal of the temporary differences and it is probable that they will not reverse in the foreseeable future; and
- taxable temporary differences arising on the initial recognition of goodwill.
Deferred tax assets are recognised for unused tax losses, unused tax credits and deductible temporary differences to the extent that it is probable that future taxable profits will be available against which they can be used. Unrecognised deferred tax assets are reassessed at each reporting date and recognised to the extent that it has become probable that future taxable profits will be available against which they can be used. Deferred tax is measured at the tax rates that are expected to be applied to the period when the asset is realised or the liability is settled, based on the laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the reporting date. The measurement of deferred tax reflects the tax consequences that would follow from the manner
in which the Company expects, at the reporting date, to recover or settle the carrying amount of its assets and liabilities.
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset only if there is a legally enforceable right to set off the recognised amounts, and it is intended to realise the asset and settle the liability on a net basis or simultaneously.
At inception of a contract, the Company assesses whether a contract is, or contains, a lease. A contract is, or contains , a lease if the contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration. To assess whether a contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset, the Company assesses whether:
⢠t he contract involves the use of an identified asset - this may be specified explicitly or implicitly and should be physically distinct or represent substantially all of the capacity of a physically distinct asset. If the supplier has a substantive substitution right, then the asset is not identified;
⢠t he Company has the right to obtain substantially all of the economic benefits from use of the asset through the period of use; and
⢠the Company has the right to direct the use of the asset. The Company has this right when it has the decision- making rights that are most relevant to changing how and for what purpose the asset is used. In rare cases, where the decision about how and for what purpose the asset is used is predetermined, the Company has the right to direct the use of the asset if either:
⢠the Company has the right to operate the asset; or
⢠the Company designed the asset in a way that predetermines how and for what purpose it will be used
An entity shall reassess whether a contract is, or contains, a lease only if the terms and conditions of the contract are changed.
At inception or on reassessment of a contract that contains a lease component, the Company allocates the consideration in the contract to each lease component on the basis of their relative stand-alone prices. However, for
the leases of land and buildings in which it is a lessee, the Company has elected not to separate non- lease components and account for the lease and non-lease components as a single lease component.
The Company determines its incremental borrowing rate by obtaining interest rates from various external financing sources and makes certain adjustments to reflect the terms of the lease and type of the asset leased.
The Company accounts for assets taken under lease arrangement in the following manner:
The Company recognises a right-of-use asset and a lease liability at the lease commencement date. The right of use asset is initially measured at cost, which comprises the initial amount of the lease liability adjusted for any lease payments made at or before the commencement date, plus any initial direct costs incurred and an estimate of costs to dismantle and remove the underlying asset or to restore the underlying asset or the site on which it is located, less any lease incentive received.
The right of use asset is subsequently depreciated using the straight-line method from the commencement date to the end of the lease term. The estimated useful lives of right-of-use are determined on the same basis as those of property and equipment. In addition, the right-of-use asset is periodically reduced by impairment losses, if any, and adjusted for certain remeasurements of the lease liability.
The lease liability is initially measured at the present value of the lease payments that are not paid at the commencement date, discounted using the Company''s incremental borrowing rate.
Lease payments included in the measurement of the lease liability comprise the fixed payments, including insubstance fixed payments.
The lease liability is measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method. It is remeasured when there is a change in future lease payments arising from a change in an index or rate, if there is a change in Company''s estimate of the amount expected to be payable under a residual value guarantee, or if the Company changes its assessment of whether it will exercise a purchase, extension or termination option.
When the lease liability is remeasured in this way, a corresponding adjustment is made to the carrying amount of the right-of-use asset, or is recorded in profit or loss if the carrying amount of the right-of-use asset has been reduced to zero.
Short-term leases and leases of low-value assets
The Company has elected not to recognise right-of use assets and lease liabilities for short term leases that have a lease term of 12 months or less and leases of low value assets. The Company recognises the lease payments associated with these leases as an expense on a straightline basis over the lease term.
Finance costs consist of interest and other costs that an entity incurs in connection with the borrowing of funds including interest expense on lease liability. Finance cost also includes exchange differences to the extent regarded as an adjustment to the finance costs. General and specific borrowing costs that are directly attributable to the construction or production or development of a qualifying asset are capitalised as part of the cost of that asset. Qualifying assets are assets that necessarily take a substantial period of time to get ready for their intended use or sale. All other finance costs are expensed in the period in which they occur.
I nvestment income earned on the temporary investment of specific borrowings pending their expenditure on qualifying assets is deducted from the finance costs eligible for capitalisation. Ancillary costs incurred in connection with the arrangement of borrowings are amortised over the period of such borrowings.
Cash flows are reported using the indirect method, whereby net profit before tax is adjusted for the effects of transactions of a non-cash nature and any deferrals or accruals of past or future cash receipts or payments. The cash flows from operating, investing and financing activities of the Company are segregated. The Company considers all highly liquid investments that are readily convertible to known amounts of cash to be cash equivalents.
(i) Basic earnings per share
Basic earnings per share is calculated by dividing:
⢠the profit/ (loss) attributable to owners of the Company
⢠by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the financial year, adjusted for bonus elements in equity shares issued during the year.
(ii) Diluted earnings per share
Diluted earnings per share adjusts the figures used in
the determination of basic earnings per share to take
into account:
⢠the after-income tax effect of interest and other financing costs associated with dilutive potential equity shares, and
⢠the weighted average number of additional equity shares that would have been outstanding assuming the conversion of all dilutive potential equity shares.
(p) Exceptional items
On certain occasions, the size, type or incidence of an item of income or expense, pertaining to the ordinary activities of the Company is such that its disclosure improves the understanding of the performance of the Company. Such income or expense is classified as an exceptional item and accordingly, disclosed in the standalone financial statements.
3. CRITICAL ESTIMATES AND JUDGEMENTS
The preparation of standalone financial statements requires management to make judgements, estimates and assumptions that affect the application of accounting policies and the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, income and expenses. Actual results may differ from these estimates.
Estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognised in the period in which the estimates are revised and in any future periods affected.
Assumptions and estimation uncertainties
Information about assumptions and estimation uncertainties that have a significant risk of resulting in a material adjustment is included in the following notes:
⢠Recognition and measurement of contingency: Key assumption about the likelihood and magnitude of an outflow of resources - Note 26
⢠Recognition and estimation of tax expense including deferred tax- Note 33
Ministry of Corporate Affairs ("MCA") notifies new standards or amendments to the existing standards under
Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules as issued from time to time. On May 07, 2025, MCA issued the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Amendment Rules, 2025, which made certain amendments to Ind AS 21 The Effects of Changes in Foreign Exchange Rates, effective from April 01, 2025. These amendments define currency exchangeability and include guidance on estimating spot exchange rates when a currency is not exchangeable. The Company does not expect this amendment to have any significant impact in its financial statements
Mar 31, 2024
| 3. Material accounting polices
3.1 Foreign currency transactions
Transactions in foreign currencies are translated into the respective functional currencies of the Company at the exchange rates at the dates of the transactions or an average rate if the average rate approximates the actual rate at the date of the transaction.
Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are translated into the functional currency at the exchange rate at the reporting date. Non-monetary assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value in a foreign currency are translated into the functional currency at the exchange rate when the fair value was determined. Non-monetary assets and liabilities that are measured based on historical cost in a foreign currency are translated at the exchange rate at the date of the transaction. Exchange differences are recognised in profit or loss, except exchange differences arising from the translation of the equity investments at fair value through OCI (FVOCI).
3.2 Financial instruments
i) Recognition and initial measurement
Trade receivables are initially recognised when they are originated. All other financial assets and financial liabilities are initially recognised when the Company becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instrument.
A financial asset (unless it is a trade receivable without a significant financing component) or financial liability is initially measured at fair value plus or minus, for an item not at FVTPL, transaction costs that are directly attributable to its acquisition or issue. A trade receivable without a significant financing component is initially measured at the transaction price.
ii) Classification and subsequent measurement Financial assets
On initial recognition, a financial asset is classified as measured at:
- amortised cost;
- Fair value through other comprehensive income
(FVOCI) - equity investment; or
- FVTPL
Financial assets are not reclassified subsequent to their initial recognition, except if and in the period the
Company changes its business model for managing financial assets.
A financial asset is measured at amortised cost if it meets both of the following conditions and is not designated as at FVTPL:
- the asset is held within a business model whose objective is to hold assets to collect contractual cash flows; and
- the contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.
For the purposes of this assessment, ''principal'' is defined as the fair value of the financial asset on initial recognition. ''Interest'' is defined as consideration for the time value of money and for credit risk associated with the principal amount outstanding during a particular period of time and for other basic lending risks and costs (e.g. liquidity risk and administrative costs), as well as a profit margin.
On initial recognition of an equity investment that is not held for trading, the Company may irrevocably elect to present subsequent changes in the investment''s fair value in OCI (designated as FVOCI
- equity investment). This election is made on an investment- by- investment basis.
All financial assets not classified as measured at amortised cost or FVOCI as described above are measured at FVTPL. This includes all derivative financial assets. On initial recognition, the Company may irrevocably designate a financial asset that otherwise meets the requirements to be measured at amortised cost as at FVTPL if doing so eliminates or significantly reduces an accounting mismatch that would otherwise arise.
Financial liabilities: Classification, subsequent measurement and gains and losses
Financial liabilities are classified as measured at amortised cost or FVTPL. A financial liability is classified as at FVTPL if it is classified as held-for-trading, or it is a derivative or it is designated as such on initial recognition. Financial liabilities at FVTPL are measured at fair value and net gains and losses, including any interest expense, are recognised in profit or loss. Other financial liabilities are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method. Interest expense and foreign exchange gains and losses are recognised in profit or loss. Any gain or loss on derecognition is also recognised in profit or loss.
iii) Derecognition Financial assets
The Company derecognises a financial asset when the contractual rights to the cash flows from the financial asset expire, or it transfers the rights to receive the contractual cash flows in a transaction in which substantially all of the risks and rewards of ownership of the financial asset are transferred or in which the Company neither transfers nor retains substantially all of the risks and rewards of ownership and does not retain control of the financial asset.
I f the Company enters into transactions whereby it transfers assets recognised on its balance sheet, but retains either all or substantially all of the risks and rewards of the transferred assets, the transferred assets are not derecognised.
Financial liabilities
The Company derecognises a financial liability when its contractual obligations are discharged or cancelled, or expire.
The Company also derecognises a financial liability when its terms are modified and the cash flows under
the modified terms are substantially different. In this case, a new financial liability based on the modified terms is recognised at fair value. The difference between the carrying amount of the financial liability extinguished and the new financial liability with modified terms is recognised in profit or loss.
iv) Offsetting
Financial assets and financial liabilities are offset and the net amount presented in the balance sheet when, and only when, the Company currently has a legally enforceable right to set off the amounts and it intends either to settle them on a net basis or to realise the asset and settle the liability simultaneously.
3.3 Property, plant and equipment
i. Recognition and measurement
The cost of an item of property, plant and equipment is recognised as an asset if, and only if it is probable that future economic benefits associated with the item will flow to the Company and the cost of the item can be measured reliably.
Items of property, plant and equipment are measured at cost, which includes capitalised borrowing costs, less accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses, if any.
Cost of an item of property, plant and equipment comprises its purchase price, including import duties and non-refundable purchase taxes, after deducting trade discounts and rebates, any directly attributable cost of bringing the item to its working condition for its intended use and estimated costs of dismantling and removing the item and restoring the site on which it is located.
If significant parts of an item of property, plant and equipment have different useful lives, then they are accounted for as separate items (major components) of property, plant and equipment.
Any gain or loss on disposal of an item of property, plant and equipment is recognised in profit or loss.
ii. Subsequent expenditure
Subsequent expenditure is capitalised only if it is probable that the future economic benefits associated with the expenditure will flow to the Company and the cost of the item can be measured reliably.
All other expenditure related to existing assets including day-to-day repair and maintenance
expenditure and cost of replacing parts, are charged to the statement of profit and loss in the period during which such expenditure is incurred.
iii. Depreciation
Depreciation is calculated on cost of items of property, plant and equipment less their estimated residual values over their estimated useful lives using the straight-line method, and is generally recognised in the statement of profit and loss.
The estimated useful lives of items of property, plant and equipment for the current and comparative periods are as follows:
Depreciation method, useful lives and residual values are reviewed at each financial year-end and adjusted if appropriate.
Depreciation on leasehold improvements is provided over the primary period of lease or over the useful lives of the respective fixed assets, whichever is shorter.
The useful life of PPE are reviewed at the end of each reporting period if the expected useful life of the asset changes significantly from previous estimates, the effect of such change in estimates are accounted for prospectively.
Depreciation on additions (disposals) is provided on a pro-rata basis i.e. from / (upto) the date on which asset is ready for use / (disposed off). v. Derecognition
Property, plant and equipment is derecognised on disposal or when no future economic benefits are expected from its use and disposal. Losses arising from retirement and gains or losses arising from disposal of a tangible asset are measured as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset and are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.
3.4 Intangible assets
i. Recognition and measurement
I ntangible assets are initially measured at cost. Such intangible assets are subsequently measured at cost less accumulated amortisation and any accumulated impairment losses.
An intangible asset is derecognised on disposal, or when no future economic benefits are expected from use or disposal. Gains and losses arising from de-recognition of an intangible asset are measured as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset and are recognised in the statement of profit and loss when the asset is de-recognised.
ii. Subsequent expenditure
Subsequent expenditure is capitalised only when it increases the future economic benefits embodied in the specific asset to which it relates. All other expenditure is recognised in profit or loss as incurred.
iii. Amortisation
Amortisation is calculated to write off the cost of intangible assets less their estimated residual values over their estimated useful lives using the straightline method, and is included in depreciation and amortisation in statement of profit and loss.
Cost of software and licenses, which are acquired, are capitalised and amortised on a straight line basis over a period of 3 to 6 years or the license period, whichever is lower.
Amortisation method, useful lives and residual values are reviewed at the end of each financial year and adjusted if appropriate.
3.5 Inventories
Inventories of medical consumables and drugs are valued at lower of cost or net releasable value. The cost of inventories is determined based on weighted average basis. Cost includes all costs of purchase, and other costs incurred in bringing the inventories to their present location and condition inclusive of non-refundable (adjustable) taxes wherever applicable.
Net realisable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less the estimated costs necessary to make the sale. The comparison of cost and net realisable value is made on an item-by-item basis.
Due allowance is estimated and made by the Management for slow moving / non-moving items of inventory, wherever necessary, based on the past experience of the Company and such allowances are adjusted against the carrying inventory value.
3.6 Impairment
i) Impairment of financial instruments
The Company recognises loss allowance using the expected credit loss (ECL) model for the financial assets which are not fair valued through profit or loss. Loss allowance for trade receivables with no significant financing component is measured at an amount equal to lifetime ECL. For all financial assets with contractual cash flows other than trade receivable, ECLs are measured at an amount equal to the 12-month ECL, unless there has been a significant increase in credit risk from initial recognition in which case those are measured at lifetime ECL. The amount of ECL (or reversal) that is required to adjust the loss allowance at the reporting date is recognised as an impairment gain or loss in the Statement of Profit and Loss.
Loss allowance for financial assets measured at amortised cost are deducted from gross carrying amount of the assets.
The gross carrying amount of a financial asset is written off (either partially or in full) to the extent that there is no realistic prospect of recovery. This is generally the case when the Company determines that the debtor does not have assets or sources of income that could generate sufficient cash flows to repay the amounts subject to the write-off. However, financial assets that are written off could still be subject to enforcement activities in order to comply with the Company''s procedures for recovery of amounts due.
ii) Impairment of non-financial assets
The Company''s non-financial assets, other than inventories and deferred tax assets, are reviewed at each reporting date to determine whether there is any indication of impairment. If any such indication exists, then the asset''s recoverable amount is estimated. For impairment testing, assets that do not generate independent cash inflows are grouped
together into cash-generating units (CGUs). Each CGU represents the smallest group of assets that generates cash inflows that are largely independent of the cash inflows of other assets or CGUs.
The recoverable amount of a CGU is the higher of its value in use and its fair value less costs to sell. Value in use is based on the estimated future cash flows, discounted to their present value using a discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the CGU.
An impairment loss is recognised if the carrying amount of an asset or CGU exceeds its estimated recoverable amount. Impairment loss recognised in respect of a CGU is allocated first to reduce the carrying amount of any goodwill allocated to the CGU, and then to reduce the carrying amount of the other assets of the CGU (or group of CGUs) on a pro rata basis.
An impairment loss in respect of goodwill is not subsequently reversed. In respect of other assets for which impairment loss has been recognised in prior periods, the Company reviews at reporting date whether there is any indication that the loss has decreased or no longer exists. An impairment loss is reversed if there has been a change in the estimates used to determine the recoverable amount. Such a reversal is made only to the extent that the asset''s carrying amount does not exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined, net of depreciation or amortisation, if no impairment loss had been recognised.
3.7 Employee benefits
i) Short-term employee benefits
Short-term employee benefit obligations are measured on an undiscounted basis and are expensed as the related service is provided. A liability is recognised for the amount expected to be paid e.g., under short-term cash bonus, if the Company has a present legal or constructive obligation to pay this amount as a result of past service provided by the employee, and the amount of obligation can be estimated reliably.
ii) Defined benefit plans - Gratuity
A defined benefit plan is a post-employment benefit plan other than a defined contribution plan. The Company''s net obligation in respect of defined benefit plans is calculated separately for each plan by estimating the amount of future benefit that employees have earned in the current and prior periods, discounting that amount and deducting the fair value of any plan assets.
The calculation of defined benefit obligation is performed annually by a qualified actuary using the projected unit credit method. When the calculation results in a potential asset for the Company, the recognised asset is limited to the present value of economic benefits available in the form of any future refunds from the plan or reductions in future contributions to the plan (''the asset ceiling''). In order to calculate the present value of economic benefits, consideration is given to any minimum funding requirements.
Remeasurements of the net defined benefit liability, which comprise actuarial gains and losses, the return on plan assets (excluding interest) and the effect of the asset ceiling (if any, excluding interest), are recognised in OCI. The Company determines the net interest expense (income) on the net defined benefit liability (asset) for the period by applying the discount rate used to measure the defined benefit obligation at the beginning of the annual period to the then-net defined benefit liability (asset), taking into account any changes in the net defined benefit liability (asset) during the period as a result of contributions and benefit payments. Net interest expense and other expenses related to defined benefit plans are recognised in Statement of profit or loss.
When the benefits of a plan are changed or when a plan is curtailed, the resulting change in benefit that relates to past service (''past service cost'' or ''past service gain'') or the gain or loss on curtailment is recognised immediately in profit or loss. The Company recognises gains and losses on the settlement of a defined benefit plan when the settlement occurs.
iii) Compensated absences
The Company has a policy on compensated absences which are both accumulating and non-accumulating in nature. The expected cost of accumulating compensated absences is determined by actuarial valuation performed by an independent actuary at
each balance sheet date using the projected unit credit method on the additional amount expected to be paid / availed as a result of the unused entitlement that has accumulated at the balance sheet date. Expense on non-accumulating compensated absences is recognised in the period in which the absences occur.
The Company presents the leave as a current liability in the balance sheet; to the extent it does not have an unconditional right to defer its settlement for 12 months after the reporting date. Where Company has the unconditional legal and contractual right to defer the settlement for a period beyond 12 months, the same is presented as non-current liability.
iv) Defined contribution plan - Provident fund
A defined contribution plan is a post-employment benefit plan where the Company''s legal or constructive obligation is limited to the amount that it contributes.The Company makes specified monthly contributions towards Government administered provident fund scheme for eligible employees.
Obligations for contributions to defined contribution plan are expensed as an employee benefits expense in the statement of profit and loss in period in which the related service is provided by the employee. Prepaid contributions are recognised as an asset to the extent that a cash refund or a reduction in future payments is available.
Mar 31, 2018
1) Significant Accounting Policies
1.1 Basis of preparation and presentation
The financial statements have been prepared on the historical cost basis except for certain financial instruments that are measured at fair values at the end of each reporting period.
Historical Cost is generally based on the fair value of the consideration given in exchange of goods and services.
2.2 Non-current assets held for sale
Non-current assets and disposal groups are classified as held for sale if their carrying amount will be recovered principally through a sale transaction rather than through continuing use. This condition is regarded as met only when the asset (or disposal group) is available for immediate sale in its present condition subject only to terms that are usual and customary for sales of such asset (or disposal group) and its sale is highly probable. Management must be committed to the sale, which should be expected to qualify for recognition as a completed sale within one year from the date of classification.
Non-current assets (and disposal groups) classified as held for sale are measured at the lower of their carrying amount and fair value less costs to sell.
3.3 Goodwill
Goodwill arising on an acquisition of a business is carried at cost as established at the date of acquisition of the business less accumulated impairment losses, if any.
For the purposes of impairment testing, goodwill is allocated to each of the Companyâs cash-generating units that is expected to benefit from the synergies of the combination.
A cash-generating unit to which goodwill has been allocated is tested for impairment annually, or more frequently when there is an indication that the unit may be impaired. If the recoverable amount of the cash-generating unit is less than its carrying amount, the impairment loss is allocated first to reduce the carrying amount of any goodwill allocated to the unit and then to the other assets of the unit pro rata based on the carrying amount of each asset in the unit. Any impairment loss for goodwill is recognised directly in profit or loss. An impairment loss recognised for goodwill is not reversed in subsequent periods.
On disposal of the relevant cash-generating unit, the attributable amount of goodwill is included in the determination of the profit or loss on disposal.
3.4 Revenue Recognition
Revenue is measured at the fair value of the consideration received or receivable. Revenue is reduced for returns, trade allowances for deduction, rebates, value added taxes and amounts collected on behalf of third parties.
Revenue is recognized to the extent that it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the Company and the revenue can be reliably measured.
The Company assessed its revenue arrangements against specific criteria to determine it is acting as principal or agent. The Company has concluded that it is acting as a principal in all its revenue arrangements.
Sale of traded goods - pharmacy items
Revenue from sale of pharmacy items are recognized on delivery of items to the customers which is when all the significant risks and rewards of ownership of the goods are passed to the customers.
Inpatient and Outpatient Revenue
Inpatient and Outpatient revenue is recognized as and when the related services are rendered.
The Company collects sales taxes, value added taxes (VAT) and Goods & Service Tax (GST) on behalf of the government and, therefore, these are not economic benefits flowing to the Company. Hence, they are excluded from revenue.
Export benefits
Income from âService Export from India Schemeâ is recognized on accrual basis as and when eligible services are performed and convertible foreign exchange is received to the extent it is certain that economic benefits will flow to the Company.
Interest income
Interest income from a financial asset is recognised when it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the Company and the amount of income can be measured reliably. Interest income is accrued on a time basis, by reference to the principal outstanding at the effective interest rate applicable, which is the rate that exactly discounts estimated future cash receipts through the expected life of the financial asset to that assetâs net carrying amount on initial recognition.
Dividend income
Dividend income from investments is recognised when the shareholderâs right to receive payment has been established (provided that it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the Company and the amount of income can be measured reliably).
3.5 Leasing
Where the Company is the lessee
Leases where the lessor effectively retains substantially all the risks and benefits of ownership of the leased items are classified as operating leases. Operating lease payments are recognised as an expense in the statement of profit and loss on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Where the rentals are structured solely to increase in line with expected general inflation to compensate for the lessorâs expected inflationary cost increases, such increases are recognised in the year in which such benefits accrue. Contingent rentals arising under operating leases are recognised as an expense in the period in which they are incurred.
Leases where the lessor effectively transfers substantially all the risks and benefits of ownership of the asset are classified as finance leases and are capitalized at the inception of the lease term at the lower of the fair value of the leased property and present value of minimum lease payments. Lease payments are apportioned between the finance charges and reduction of the lease liability so as to achieve a constant rate of interest on the remaining balance of the liability. Finance charges are recognized as finance costs in the statement of profit and loss. Lease management fees, legal charges and other initial direct costs of lease are capitalized.
3.6 Foreign currencies
In preparing the financial statements, transactions in currencies other than the Companyâs functional currency (foreign currencies) are recognised at the rates of exchange prevailing at the dates of the transactions.
At the end of each reporting period
i) Monetary items denominated in foreign currencies are retranslated at the rates prevailing at that date.
ii) Non-monetary items carried at fair value that are denominated in foreign currencies are retranslated at the rates prevailing at the date when the fair value was determined.
iii) Non-monetary items that are measured in terms of historical cost in a foreign currency are not retranslated.
3.7 Borrowing Costs
Borrowing costs directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of qualifying assets, which are assets that necessarily take a substantial period of time to get ready for their intended use or sale, are added to the cost of those assets, until such time as the assets are substantially ready for their intended use or sale.
Interest income earned on the temporary investment of specific borrowings pending their expenditure on qualifying assets is deducted from the borrowing costs eligible for capitalization.
All other borrowing costs are recognised in the statement of profit and loss in the period in which they are incurred.
3.8 Government grants
Government grants are not recognised until there is reasonable assurance that the Company will comply with the conditions attaching to them and such grants can reasonably have a value placed upon them.
Government grants are recognised in the profit or loss on a systematic basis over there periods in which the Company recognises as expense the related costs for which the grant was intended to compensate.
Government grants that are receivable as compensation for expenses or losses already incurred or for the purpose of giving immediate financial support to the Company with no future related costs are recognised in profit or loss in the period they become receivable.
3.9 Employee benefits
i) Retirement benefit costs and termination benefits
Payments to defined contribution retirement benefit plans are recognised as an expense when employees have rendered service entitling them to the contributions.
For defined benefit retirement benefit plans, the cost of providing benefits is determined using the projected unit credit method, with actuarial valuations being carried out at each Balance Sheet date.
Remeasurement, comprising actuarial gains and losses, the effect of the changes to the asset ceiling (if applicable) and the return on plan assets (excluding net interest), is reflected immediately in the balance sheet with a charge or credit recognised in other comprehensive income in the period in which they occur. Remeasurement recognised in other comprehensive income is reflected immediately in retained earnings and is not reclassified to the statement of profit and loss. Past service cost is recognised in the statement of profit and loss in the period of a plan amendment.
Net interest is calculated by applying the discount rate at the beginning of the period to the net defined benefit liability or asset.
Defined benefit costs are categorized as follows:
- Service cost (including current service cost, past service cost, as well as gains and losses on curtailments and settlements);
- Net interest expense or income; and
- Remeasurement
The company presents the first two components of defined benefit costs in the statement of profit and loss in the line item âEmployee benefits expenseâ. Curtailment gains and losses are accounted for as past service costs.
The retirement benefit obligation recognised in the balance sheet represents the actual deficit or surplus in the companyâs defined benefit plans. Any surplus resulting from this calculation is limited to the present value of any economic benefits available in the form of refunds from the plans or reductions in future contributions to the plans.
A liability for a termination benefit is recognised at the earlier of when the company can no longer withdraw the offer of the termination benefit and when the company recognises any related restructuring costs.
ii) Short-term and other long-term employee benefits:
A liability is recognised for benefits accruing to employees in respect of wages and salaries, annual leave and sick leave in the period the related service is rendered at the undiscounted amount of the benefits expected to be paid in exchange for that service.
Liabilities recognised in respect of other long-term employee benefits are measured at the present value of the estimated future cash outflows expected to be made by the company in respect of services provided by employees up to the reporting date.
Accumulated leave, which is expected to be utilized within the next 12 months, is treated as short-term employee benefit. The company measures the expected cost of such absences as the additional amount that it expects to pay as a result of the unused entitlement that has accumulated at the reporting date.
The company treats accumulated leave expected to be carried forward beyond twelve months, as long-term employee benefit for measurement purposes and liability is determined using the present value of the estimated future cash outflows expected to be made by the company in respect of services provided by employees up to the reporting date. Such long-term compensated absences are provided for based on the actuarial valuation using the projected unit credit method at the year-end. Actuarial gains/losses are immediately taken to the statement of profit and loss and are not deferred. The company presents the leave as a current liability in the balance sheet; to the extent it does not have an unconditional right to defer its settlement for 12 months after the reporting date. Where company has the unconditional legal and contractual right to defer the settlement for a period beyond 12 months, the same is presented as non-current liability.
iii) Contributions to provident fund
The Company makes contributions to statutory provident fund in accordance with Employees Provident Fund and Miscellaneous Provisions Act, 1952 and considered as defined contribution plan. The Companyâs contribution to provident fund are charged as an expense as they fall due based on the amount of contribution required to be made and when the services are rendered by the employees.
3.10 Share-based payment arrangements
Equity-settled share-based payments to employees and others providing similar services are measured at the fair value of the equity instruments at the grant date.
The fair value determined at the grant date of the equity-settled share-based payments is expensed on a straight-line basis over the vesting period, based on the companyâs estimate of equity instruments that will eventually vest, with a corresponding increase in equity. At the end of each reporting period, the company revises its estimate of the number of equity instruments expected to vest. The impact of the revision of the original estimates, if any, is recognised in the statement of profit and loss such that the cumulative expense reflects the revised estimate, with a corresponding adjustment to the equity settled share option outstanding account.
Equity-settled share-based payment transactions with parties other than employees are measured at the fair value of the goods or services received, except where that fair value cannot be estimated reliably, in which case they are measured at the fair value of the equity instruments granted, measured at the date the entity obtains the goods or the counterparty renders the service.
3.11 Taxation
Income tax expense represents the sum of the tax currently payable and deferred tax.
i) Current tax
The tax currently payable is based on taxable profit for the year. Taxable profit differs from âprofit before taxâ as reported in the statement of profit and loss because of items of income or expense that are taxable or deductible in other years and items that are never taxable or deductible. The current tax is calculated using tax rates and tax laws that have been enacted by the end of the reporting period.
Current income-tax is measured at the amount expected to be paid to the tax authorities in accordance with the Income-tax Act, 1961.
ii) Deferred tax
Deferred tax is recognised on temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities in the financial statements and the corresponding tax bases used in computation of taxable profit.
Deferred tax liabilities are generally recognised for all taxable temporary differences. Deferred tax assets are generally recognised for all deductible temporary differences to extent that it is probable that taxable profits will be available against which those deductible temporary differences can be utilised. Such deferred tax assets and liabilities are not recognised if the temporary difference arises from the initial recognition (other than in a business combination) of assets and liabilities in a transaction that affects neither the taxable profit nor the accounting profit. In addition, deferred tax liabilities are not recognised if the temporary difference arises from the initial recognition of goodwill.
In the case of unused tax losses probability is evaluated considering factors like existence of sufficient taxable temporary differences, convincing other evidence that sufficient taxable profit will be available. At the end of each reporting period, the company reassess unrecognized deferred tax assets and, the company recognizes a previously unrecognized Deferred Tax Asset to the extent that it has become probable that future taxable profit will allow the Deferred Tax Asset to be recovered.
The carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reviewed at the end of each reporting period and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profits will be available to allow all part of the asset to be recovered.
Deferred tax liabilities and assets are measured at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the period in which the liability is settled or the asset realized, based on tax rates (and tax laws) that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the end of the reporting period.
The measurement of deferred tax liabilities and assets reflects the tax consequences that would follow from the manner in which the company expects, at the end of the reporting period, to recover or settle the carrying amount of its assets and liabilities.
Deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities are offset, if a legally enforceable right exists to set-off current tax assets against current tax liabilities and the deferred tax assets and deferred taxes relate to the same taxable company and the same taxation authority.
iii) Current and deferred tax for the year
Current and deferred tax are recognised in the statement of profit and loss, except when they relate to items that are recognised in other comprehensive income or directly in equity, in which case, the current and deferred tax are also recognised in other comprehensive income or directly in equity respectively.
iv) MAT Credit
Minimum Alternative Tax (âMATâ) credit is recognised as an asset only when and to the extent there is convincing evidence that the Company will pay normal income tax during the specified period. In the year in which the MAT Credit becomes eligible to be recognised as an asset, the said asset is created by way of a credit to the Statement of Profit and Loss and shown as MAT Credit Entitlement. The Company reviews the same at each Balance Sheet date and writes down the carrying amount of MAT Credit Entitlement to the extent there is no longer convincing evidence to the effect that the Company will pay normal Income Tax during the specified period
3.12 Property, plant and equipment(PPE)
PPE are stated at cost, net of accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses, if any.
Components of Costs
The cost of an asset includes the purchase cost including import duties and non-refundable taxes, borrowing costs if capitalization criteria are met and any directly attributable costs of bringing an asset to the location and condition of its intended use.
Subsequent expenditure related to an item of PPE is added to its carrying value only if it increases the future benefits from the existing asset beyond its previously assessed standard of performance.
All other expenditure related to existing assets including day-to-day repair and maintenance expenditure and cost of replacing parts, are charged to the statement of profit and loss in the period during which such expenditure is incurred.
Projects under which tangible fixed assets are not yet ready for their intended use are carried at cost, comprising of direct cost, related incidental expenses and attributable interest and such properties are classified to the appropriate categories of PPE when completed and ready to use.
The carrying amount of a PPE is de-recognised upon disposal of PPE or when no future economic benefits are expected from its use. Any gain or loss arising on the disposal or retirement of an item of PPE is determined as the difference between the sales proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset and is recognised in the statement of profit and loss.
Depreciation on Property, Plant and Equipment (PPE) has been provided on the straight-line method as per the useful life prescribed in Schedule II to the Companies Act, 2013 as follows:
Depreciation commences when the assets are ready for their intended use.
Depreciation on leasehold improvements is provided over the primary period of lease or over the useful lives of the respective fixed assets, whichever is shorter.
The useful life of PPE are reviewed at the end of each reporting period if the expected useful life of the asset changes significantly from previous estimates, the effect of such change in estimates are accounted for prospectively.
3.13 Intangible Assets
Intangible assets acquired separately are measured on initial recognition at cost less accumulated amortisation and accumulated impairment losses, if any.
Software
Cost of software and licenses, which are acquired, are capitalised and amortized on a straight line basis over a period of 3 to 6 years or the license period, whichever is lower.
The amortisation period and method are reviewed at the end of each reporting period if the expected useful life of the asset changes from previous estimates, the effect of such change in estimates are accounted for prospectively.
''An intangible asset is derecognised on disposal, or when no future economic benefits are expected from use or disposal. Gains and losses arising from de-recognition of an intangible asset are measured as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset and are recognised in the statement of profit and loss when the asset is de-recognised.
3.14 Impairment of tangible and intangible assets other than goodwill
At the end of each reporting period, the company reviews the carrying amounts of its tangible and intangible assets to determine whether there is any indication based on internal/ external factors that those assets have suffered an impairment loss. If any such indication exists, the recoverable amount of the asset is estimated in order to determine the extent of the impairment loss (if any). When it is not possible to estimate the recoverable amount of an individual asset, the company estimates the recoverable amount of the cash-generating unit to which the asset belongs. When a reasonable and consistent basis of allocation can be identified, corporate assets are also allocated to individual cash-generating units, or otherwise they are allocated to the smallest group of cash-generating units for which a reasonable and consistent allocation basis can be identified.
Intangible assets with indefinite useful lives and intangible assets not yet available for use are tested for impairment at least annually, and whenever there is an indication that the asset may be impaired.
Recoverable amount is the higher of fair value less costs of disposal and value in use. In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the asset for which the estimates of future cash flows have not been adjusted.
If the recoverable amount of an asset (or cash-generating unit) is estimated to be less than its carrying amount, the carrying amount of the asset (or cash-generating unit) is reduced to its recoverable amount. An impairment loss is recognised immediately in the statement of profit and loss.
When an impairment loss subsequently reverses, the carrying amount of the asset (or a cash-generating unit) is increased to the revised estimate of its recoverable amount, but so that the increased carrying amount does not exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined had no impairment loss been recognised for the asset (or cash-generating unit) in prior years. A reversal of an impairment loss is recognised immediately in the statement of profit and loss.
3.15 Inventories
Inventories of medical consumables and drugs are valued at lower of cost or net releasable value. Cost is determined on weighted average basis.
Net realizable value represents the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less estimated costs of completion and estimated costs necessary to make the sale.
Due allowance is estimated and made by the Management for slow moving / non-moving items of inventory, wherever necessary, based on the past experience of the Company and such allowances are adjusted against the carrying inventory value.
3.16 Provision
Provisions are recognised when the company has a present obligation (legal or constructive) as a result of a past event, it is probable that the company will be required to settle the obligation, and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation.
The amount recognised as a provision is the best estimate of the consideration required to settle the present obligation at the end of the reporting period, taking into account the risks and uncertainties surrounding the obligation. When a provision is measured using the cash flows estimated to settle the present obligation, its carrying amount is the present value of those cash flows (when the effect of the time value of money is material).
When some or all of the economic benefits required to settle a provision are expected to be recovered from a third party, a receivable is recognised as an asset if it is virtually certain that reimbursement will be received and the amount of the receivable can be measured reliably.
3.17 Cash and cash equivalents (for the purpose of Cash Flow Statement)
Cash and cash equivalents in Cash Flow Statement comprise cash at bank and in hand and short term investments with an original maturity of three months or less, which are subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value.
3.18 Segment Reporting
Operating segments reflect the Companyâs management structure and the way the financial information is regularly reviewed by the Companyâs Chief operating decision maker (CODM). The CODM considers the business from both business and product perspective based on the dominant source, nature of risks and returns and the internal organization and management structure. The operating segments are the segments for which separate financial information is available and for which operating profit / (loss) amounts are evaluated regularly by the executive Management in deciding how to allocate resources and in assessing performance.
The accounting policies adopted for segment reporting are in line with the accounting policies of the Company. Segment revenue, segment expenses, segment assets and segment liabilities have been identified to segments on the basis of their relationship to the operating activities of the segment.
Revenue, expenses, assets and liabilities which relate to the Company as a whole and are not allocable to segments on reasonable basis have been included under âunallocated revenue / expenses / assets / liabilitiesâ.
3.19 Earnings per share
The Company presents basic and diluted earnings per share (âEPSâ) data for its equity shares.
Basic EPS is calculated by dividing the profit or loss attributable to equity shareholders of the Company by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period.
Diluted EPS is determined by adjusting the profit or loss attributable to equity shareholders and the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding, for the effects of all dilutive potential equity shares.
Potential equity shares are deemed to be dilutive only if their conversion to equity shares would decrease earning per share from continuing operations. Potential dilutive equity shares are deemed to be converted as at the beginning of the period, unless they have been issued at a later date. The dilutive potential equity shares are adjusted for the proceeds receivable had the shares been actually issued at fair value (i.e. average market value of the outstanding shares). Dilutive potential equity shares are determined independently for each period presented.
3.20 Contingent liabilities
A contingent liability is a possible obligation that arises from past events whose existence will be confirmed by the occurrence or non-occurrence of one or more uncertain future events beyond the control of the Company or a present obligation that is not recognized because it is not probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation. A contingent liability also arises in extremely rare cases where there is a liability that cannot be recognized because it cannot be measured reliably. The Company does not recognize a contingent liability but discloses its existence in the financial statements.
3.21 Operating cycle
Based on the nature of products / activities of the Company and the normal time between acquisition of assets and their realization in cash or cash equivalents, the Company has determined its operating cycle as 12 months for the purpose of classification of its assets and liabilities as current and non-current.
3.22 Fair value measurement
The Company measures financial instruments at fair value at each balance sheet date.
Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The fair value measurement is based on the presumption that the transaction to sell the asset or transfer the liability takes place either:
- In the principal market for the asset or liability, or
- In the absence of a principal market, in the most advantageous market for the asset or liability The principal or the most advantageous market must be accessible by the Company.
The fair value of an asset or a liability is measured using the assumptions that market participants would use when pricing the asset or liability, assuming that market participants act in their economic best interest.
All assets and liabilities for which fair value is measured or disclosed in the financial statements are categorized within the fair value hierarchy, described as follows, based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement as a whole:
Level 1 â Quoted (unadjusted) market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities
Level 2 â Valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement is directly or indirectly observable
Level 3 â Valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement is unobservable.
3.23 Financial Instruments Initial recognition
The Company recognizes financial assets and financial liabilities when it becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instrument. All financial assets and liabilities are recognized at fair value on initial recognition. Transaction costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition or issue of financial assets and financial liabilities that are not at fair value through profit or loss are added to the fair value on initial recognition. Regular way purchase and sale of financial assets are accounted for at trade date.
Subsequent measurement
Non-derivative financial instruments
(i) Financial assets carried at amortised cost
A financial asset is subsequently measured at amortised cost if it is held within a business model whose objective is to hold the asset in order to collect contractual cash flows and the contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.
(ii) Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income
A financial asset is subsequently measured at fair value through other comprehensive income if it is held within a business model whose objective is achieved by both collecting contractual cash flows and selling financial assets and the contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.
The Company has made an irrevocable election for its investments which are classified as equity instruments (other than investments in subsidiary) to present the subsequent changes in fair value in other comprehensive income based on its business model. Further, in cases where the Company has made an irrevocable election based on its business model, for its investments which are classified as equity instruments, the subsequent changes in fair value are recognized in other comprehensive income.
(iii) Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss
A financial asset which is not classified in any of the above categories are subsequently fair valued through profit or loss.
(iv) Financial liabilities
Financial liabilities are subsequently carried at amortized cost using the effective interest method, except for contingent consideration recognized in a business combination which is subsequently measured at fair value through profit and loss. For trade and other payables maturing within one year from the Balance Sheet date, the carrying amounts approximate fair value due to the short maturity of these instruments.
(v) Investment in subsidiaries
Investment in subsidiaries is carried at cost in the separate financial statements.
Equity instruments
An equity instrument is any contract that evidences a residual interest in the assets of company after deducting all of its liabilities. Equity instruments are recognised at the proceeds received, net of direct issue costs.
3.24 Impairment of financial assets
The Company measures the loss allowance for a financial instrument at an amount equal to the lifetime expected credit losses if the credit risk on that financial instrument has increased significantly since initial recognition. If the credit risk on a financial instrument has not increased significantly since initial recognition, the Company measures the loss allowance for that financial instrument at an amount equal to 12-month expected credit losses.
However, for trade receivables or any contractual right to receive cash or another financial asset that result from transactions that are within the scope of Ind AS 11 and Ind AS 18, the Company measures the loss allowance at an amount equal to lifetime expected credit losses.
When making the assessment of whether there has been a significant increase in credit risk since initial recognition, the Company uses the change in the risk of a default occurring over the expected life of the financial instrument instead of the change in the amount of expected credit losses. To make that assessment, the Company compares the risk of a default occurring on the financial instrument as at the reporting date with the risk of a default occurring on the financial instrument as at the date of initial recognition and considers reasonable and supportable information, that is available without undue cost or effort, that is indicative of significant increases in credit risk since initial recognition.
3.25 Derecognition of financial assets
The Company derecognises a financial asset when the contractual rights to the cash flows from the asset expire, or when it transfers the financial asset and substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership of the asset to another party. If the Company neither transfers nor retains substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership and continues to control the transferred asset, the Company recognises its retained interest in the asset and an associated liability for amounts it may have to pay. If the Company retains substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership of a transferred financial asset, the Company continues to recognise the financial asset and also recognises a collateralized borrowing for the proceeds received.
On derecognition of a financial asset in its entirety, the difference between the assetâs carrying amount and the sum of the consideration received and receivable and the cumulative gain or loss that had been recognised in other comprehensive income and accumulated in equity is recognised in profit or loss if such gain or loss would have otherwise been recognised in profit or loss on disposal of that financial asset.
On derecognition of a financial asset other than in its entirety (e.g. when the Company retains an option to repurchase part of a transferred asset), the Company allocates the previous carrying amount of the financial asset between the part it continues to recognise under continuing involvement, and the part it no longer recognises on the basis of the relative fair values of those parts on the date of the transfer. The difference between the carrying amount allocated to the part that is no longer recognised and the sum of the consideration received for the part no longer recognised and any cumulative gain or loss allocated to it that had been recognised in other comprehensive income is recognised in profit or loss if such gain or loss would have otherwise been recognised in profit or loss on disposal of that financial asset. A cumulative gain or loss that had been recognised in other comprehensive income is allocated between the part that continues to be recognised and the part that is no longer recognised on the basis of the relative fair values of those parts.
3.26 Derecognition of financial liabilities
The Company derecognises financial liabilities when, and only when, the Companyâs obligations discharged, cancelled or have expired. An exchange between with a lender of debt instruments substantially different terms is accounted for as an extinguishment of the original financial liability the recognition of a new financial liability. Similarly, a substantial modification of the terms of existing financial liability (whether or not attributable to the financial difficulty of the debtor) is accounted for as an extinguishment of the original financial liability and the recognition of a financial liability. The difference between the carrying amount of the financial liability derecognised and the consideration paid and payable is recognised in the statement of profit and loss.
3.27 Business Combinations
Acquisitions of businesses are accounted for using the acquisition method. The consideration transferred in a business combination is measured at fair value, which is calculated as the sum of the acquisition-date fair values of the assets transferred by the Company, liabilities incurred by the Company to the former owners of the acquiree and the equity interests issued by the Company in exchange of control of the acquiree. Acquisition-related costs are generally recognised in profit or loss as incurred.
Goodwill is measured as the excess of the sum of the consideration transferred, the amount of any non-controlling interests in the acquiree, and the fair value of the acquirerâs previously held equity interest in the acquiree (if any) over the net of the acquisition-date amounts of the identifiable assets acquired and the liabilities assumed.
4) Critical Accounting Judgements and Key Sources of Estimation Uncertainty
4.1 Critical Accounting Judgements
The Following are the critical judgments that the directors have made in the process of applying the Company accounting policies and that have the most significant effect on the amounts recognised in the Standalone financial statements
a. Note 50 disclosed in the notes to financial statements describes certain matters relating to order/notice received from Chennai Metropolitan Development Authority (CMDA). The Company, based on legal advice, believes that the above Order /Notice issued by CMDA are contestable and the same prima facie would not result in adverse impact on its operations as the Company has fair chance of success in its Appeal/Writ petition.
b. Status of Composite scheme of Amalgamation and Arrangement:
Note 51 disclosed in the notes to financial statements describes the status of composite scheme of amalgamation and arrangement that include management assessment of Composite Scheme of Amalgamation which is subject to various judiciary, regulatory and other required approvals. Pending such approvals the directors of the company has assessed that the slump sale of hospital business has not been classified as held for sale and discontinued operations as on March 31, 2018 duly considering the requirement of Ind AS 105 regarding highly probable occurrence of transaction.
c. Accounting for service agreement:
The Company has entered into Hospital and Medical Services Agreement (âHMSAâ) with Fortis Health Management Limited (FHML) (Group Company of RHT Health Trust Group of companies (âRHTâ)) wherein the FHML is required to provide, maintain and operate the Clinical Establishments (including infrastructure, fixtures and fittings etc.) in accordance with the agreement.
The clinical establishments owned by FHML are specifically customized and duly fitted with all fixtures, fittings, medical equipment and infrastructure required for running and operating a hospital, offering:
i. Doctors and services for diagnosis and treatment for illness, disease, injury, deformity and/or abnormality;
ii. Diagnosis of diseases through radiological and other diagnostic or investigative services with the aid of laboratory or other medical equipment; and
iii. Beds for in-patient treatment.
The Company has analysed the substance of the HMSA and has determined that fulfilment of service arrangement is based on the use of specified assets and conveys the Companyâs right to use the Fortis Health Management Limitedâs Clinical Establishment.
The term of the individual HMSA is 15 years and the Group pays a composite service fee i.e. base and variable fee. The base fee is fixed and increase 3% year on year. The variable fee is based on a percentage of the Companiesâ net operating income in accordance with the HMSA.
The Company has analysed increase in base fee payments and has determined that such increase is to compensate Fortis Health Management Limitedâs for the expected cost inflation, being in line with general cost inflation; accordingly, the base fee has been recognized as an expense without factoring the inflationary increase of 3% year on year on a straight-lined over the lease term.
4.2 Key Sources of Estimation
Inherent in the application of many of the accounting policies used in preparing the Financial Statements is the need for Management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses. Actual outcomes could differ from the estimates and assumptions used.
Estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognised in the period in which the estimates are revised and future periods are affected.
In particular, information about significant areas of estimation and uncertainty in applying accounting policies that have the most significant effect on the amounts recognized in the financial statements are included in the following notes:
a. Useful lives of Property, plant and equipment (Refer Note 3.12)
b. Assets and obligations relating to employee benefits (Refer Note 3.9)
c. Valuation and measurement of income taxes and deferred taxes (Refer Note 3.11)
d. Expected Credit Loss:
The impairment provisions for trade receivables is based on assumptions about risk of default and expected loss rates. The Company uses judgements in making certain assumptions and selecting inputs to determine impairment of these trade receivables, based on the Companyâs historical experience towards potential billing adjustments, delays and defaults at the end of each reporting period.
Mar 31, 2016
1. CORPORATE INFORMATION
Fortis Malar Hospitals Limited (âthe Companyâ) was incorporated in the year 1989 to set up, manage and operate a multispecialty hospital and it commenced its commercial operations in Chennai in the year 1992. The Company is a subsidiary of Fortis Hospitals Limited and Fortis Healthcare Limited is the Ultimate Holding Company.
2. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
2.1 Basis of Accounting
The financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with the Generally Accepted Accounting Principles in India (Indian GAAP) to comply with the Accounting Standards specified under Section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013, read with Rule 7 of the Companies (Accounts) Rules, 2014 and the relevant provisions of the Companies Act, 2013 (âthe 2013 Actâ), as applicable. The financial statements have been prepared on accrual basis under the historical cost convention. The accounting policies adopted in the preparation of the financial statements are consistent with those followed in the previous year except for change in the accounting policy for valuation of inventories as more fully described in Note 12.1.
2.2 use of Estimates
The preparation of the financial statements in conformity with Indian GAAP requires the Management to make estimates and assumptions considered in the reported amounts of assets and liabilities (including contingent liabilities) and the reported income and expenses during the year. The Management believes that the estimates used in preparation of the financial statements are prudent and reasonable. Future results could differ due to these estimates and the differences between the actual results and the estimates are recognized in the periods in which the results are known / materialize.
2.3 Inventories
Inventory of medical consumables and drugs are valued at cost or net realizable value whichever is lower. Cost is determined on Weighted Average basis. Net realizable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less estimated costs necessary to make the sale. Cost includes freight, taxes, duties and other charges incurred for bringing the goods to the present location and condition and are net of VAT credit, where applicable.
Due allowance is estimated and made by the Management for slow moving / non-moving items of inventory, wherever necessary, based on the past experience of the Company and such allowances are adjusted against the carrying inventory value.
Refer Note 12.1 with regard to change in the method of valuation of inventories.
2.4 Cash and Cash Equivalents (for purposes of Cash Flow Statement)
Cash comprises cash on hand and demand deposits with banks. Cash equivalents are short-term balances (with an original maturity of three months or less from the date of acquisition), highly liquid investments that are readily convertible into known amounts of cash and which are subject to insignificant risk of changes in value.
2.5 Cash Flow Statement
Cash flows are reported using the indirect method, whereby profit before extraordinary items and tax is adjusted for the effects of transactions of non-cash nature and any deferrals or accruals of past or future cash receipts or payments. The cash flows from operating, investing and financing activities of the Company are segregated based on the available information.
2.6 Depreciation and Amortization
Depreciable amount for assets is the cost of an asset, less its estimated residual value.
Depreciation on tangible fixed assets has been provided on the straight-line method as per the useful life prescribed in Schedule II to the Companies Act, 2013 except in respect of the following categories of assets, in whose case the life of the assets has been assessed as under based on technical advice, taking into account the nature of the asset, the estimated usage of the asset, the operating conditions of the asset, past history of replacement, anticipated technological changes, manufacturers warranties and maintenance support, etc.
Assets individually costing less than Rs. 5,000 each are fully depreciated in the year of capitalization.
Depreciation is accelerated on fixed assets, based on their condition, usability etc., as per the estimates of the Management, where necessary.
Intangible assets are amortized on a straight line basis over their estimated useful life as follows:
Costs relating to software, which are acquired, are capitalized and amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives viz., 6 years or the license period, whichever is lower. The estimated useful life of the intangible assets and the amortization period are reviewed at the end of each financial year and the amortization method is revised to reflect the changed pattern.
2.7 Revenue Recognition
Revenue is recognized to the extent that it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the Company and the revenue can be reliably measured.
Inpatient and Outpatient revenue
Inpatient and outpatient revenue is recognized as and when the related services are rendered.
Sale of traded goods - pharmacy items
Revenue from sale of pharmacy items are recognized on delivering of items to the customers which is when the risk and rewards are passed on to the customers.
Interest
Revenue is recognized on a time proportion basis taking in to account the amount outstanding and the interest rate applicable.
Income from Served From India Scheme (SFIS)
Income from SFIS is recognized based on a prescribed percentage of foreign currency receipts on account of services rendered in accordance with the Served From India Scheme. The credit under the scheme is recognized only at the time when and to the extent there is no significant uncertainty as to its measurability and ultimate realization.
2.8 Fixed Assets - Tangible and Intangible
Fixed assets are carried at cost less accumulated depreciation/amortization and impairment losses, if any. The cost of fixed assets comprises its purchase price net of any trade discounts and rebates, including any import duties and other taxes (other than those subsequently recoverable from the taxing authorities) and any directly attributable expenditure on making the asset ready for its intended use. Subsequent expenditure on fixed assets after its purchase / completion is capitalized only if such expenditure results in an increase in the future benefits from such asset beyond its previously assessed standard of performance.
Fixed assets retired from active use and held for sale are stated at the lower of their net book value and net realizable value and are disclosed separately.
Any part or components of fixed assets which are separately identifiable and expected to have a useful life which is different from that of the main assets are capitalized separately, based on the technical assessment of the Management.
Advances paid towards the acquisition of fixed assets outstanding at each Balance Sheet date are disclosed as âCapital Advancesâ under Long Term Loans & Advances and cost of fixed assets not ready to use before such date are disclosed under âCapital Work in Progressâ.
2.9 Foreign currency transactions and translations
Initial recognition
Transactions in foreign currencies entered into by the Company are accounted at the exchange rates prevailing on the date of the transaction or at rates that closely approximate the rate at the date of the transaction.
Measurement at the balance sheet date
Foreign currency monetary items of the Company, outstanding at the balance sheet date are restated at the year-end rates. Non-monetary items of the Company are carried at historical cost.
Treatment of Exchange differences
Exchange differences arising on settlement / restatement of foreign currency monetary assets and liabilities of the Company are recognized as income or expense in the Statement of Profit and Loss.
2.10 Investments
Long-term investments are carried individually at cost less provision for diminution, other than temporary, in the value of such investments. Current investments are carried at the lower of cost and fair value. Cost of investments include acquisition charges such as brokerage, fees and duties.
2.11 Employee Benefits
Employee benefits include provident fund, gratuity and compensated absences.
Defined contribution plan:
The Companyâs contribution to provident fund are considered as defined contribution plan and are charged as an expense as they fall due based on the amount of contribution required to be made and when the services are rendered by the employees.
Defined benefit plans:
For defined benefit plans in the form of gratuity fund, the cost of providing benefits is determined using the Projected Unit Credit method, with actuarial valuations being carried out at each balance sheet date. Actuarial gains and losses are recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss in the period in which they occur. Past service cost is recognized immediately to the extent that the benefits are already vested and otherwise is amortized on a straight-line basis over the average period until the benefits become vested. The retirement benefit obligation recognized in the Balance Sheet represents the present value of the defined benefit obligation as adjusted for unrecognized past service cost, as reduced by the fair value of scheme assets. Any asset resulting from this calculation is limited to past service cost, plus the present value of available refunds and reductions in future contributions to the schemes.
Short-term employee benefits:
The undiscounted amount of short-term employee benefits expected to be paid in exchange for the services rendered by employees are recognized during the year when the employees render the service. These benefits include performance incentive and compensated absences which are expected to occur within twelve months after the end of the period in which the employee renders the related service. The cost of such compensated absences is accounted as under :
(a) in case of accumulated compensated absences, when employees render the services that increase their entitlement of future compensated absences; and
(b) in case of non-accumulating compensated absences, when the absences occur.
Long-term employee benefits:
Compensated absences which are not expected to occur within twelve months after the end of the period in which the employee renders the related service are recognized as a liability at the present value of the defined benefit obligation as at the Balance Sheet date.
2.12 Employee stock compensation cost
Employees (including senior executives) of the Company receive remuneration in the form of share based payment transactions, whereby employees render services as consideration for equity instruments (equity-settled transactions).
In accordance with the SEBI (Employee Stock Option Scheme and Employee Stock Purchase Scheme) Guidelines, 2015 and the Guidance Note on Accounting for Employee Share-based Payments, the cost of equity-settled transactions is measured using the intrinsic value method and recognized, together with a corresponding increase in the âStock options outstanding accountâ in reserves. The cumulative expense recognized for equity-settled transactions at each reporting date until the vesting date reflects the extent to which the vesting period has expired and the Companyâs best estimate of the number of equity instruments that will ultimately vest. The expense or credit recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss for a period represents the movement in cumulative expense recognized as at the beginning and end of that period and is recognized in employee benefits expense.
Where the terms of an equity-settled transaction award are modified, the minimum expense recognized is the expense as if the terms had not been modified, if the original terms of the award are met. An additional expense is recognized for any modification that increases the total intrinsic value of the share-based payment transaction, or is otherwise beneficial to the employee as measured at the date of modification.
2.13 Borrowing Costs
Borrowing costs include interest and ancillary costs that the Company incurs in connection with the borrowings. Costs in connection with the borrowing of funds to the extent not directly related to the acquisition of qualifying assets are charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss at the time of availment of the Loan.
2.14 Segment reporting
The Company identifies primary segments based on the dominant source, nature of risks and returns and the internal organization and management structure.
2.15 Leases
Lease arrangements where the risks and rewards incidental to ownership of an asset substantially vest with the lessor are recognized as operating leases. Lease rentals under operating leases are recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss on a straight-line basis over the lease term.
2.16 Earnings per Share
Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing the profit after tax (including the post tax effect of extraordinary items, if any) by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year. Diluted earnings per share is computed by dividing the profit after tax (including the post tax effect of extraordinary items, if any) as adjusted for dividend, interest and other charges to expense or income relating to the dilutive potential equity shares, by the weighted average number of equity shares considered for deriving basic earnings per share and the weighted average number of equity shares which could have been issued on the conversion of all dilutive potential equity shares. Potential equity shares are deemed to be dilutive only if their conversion to equity shares would decrease the net profit per share from continuing ordinary operations. Potential dilutive equity shares are deemed to be converted as at the beginning of the period, unless they have been issued at a later date. The dilutive potential equity shares are adjusted for the proceeds receivable had the shares been actually issued at fair value (i.e. average market value of the outstanding shares). Dilutive potential equity shares are determined independently for each period presented. The number of equity shares and potentially dilutive equity shares are adjusted for share splits / reverse share splits and bonus shares, as appropriate.
2.17 Taxes on Income
Current tax is the amount of tax payable on the taxable income for the year as determined in accordance with the applicable tax rates and the provisions of the Income Tax Act, 1961 and other applicable tax laws.
Deferred tax is recognized on timing differences, being the differences between the taxable income and the accounting income that originate in one period and are capable of reversal in one or more subsequent periods. Deferred tax is measured using the tax rates and the tax laws enacted or substantively enacted as at the reporting date. Deferred tax liabilities are recognized for all timing differences. Deferred tax assets are recognized for timing differences of items other than unabsorbed depreciation and carry forward losses only to the extent that reasonable certainty exists that sufficient future taxable income will be available against which these can be realized. However, if there are unabsorbed depreciation and carry forward of losses and items relating to capital losses, deferred tax assets are recognized only if there is virtual certainty supported by convincing evidence that there will be sufficient future taxable income available to realize the assets. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset if such items relate to taxes on income levied by the same governing tax laws and the Company has a legally enforceable right for such set off. Deferred tax assets are reviewed at each balance sheet date for their reliability.
Minimum Alternate Tax (MAT) paid in accordance with the tax laws, which gives future economic benefits in the form of adjustment to future income tax liability, is considered as an asset if there is convincing evidence that the Company will pay normal income tax. Accordingly, MAT is recognized as an asset in the Balance Sheet when it is highly probable that future economic benefit associated with it will flow to the Company.
2.18 Impairment of Assets
The carrying values of assets / cash generating units at each balance sheet date are reviewed for impairment, if any indication of impairment exists. If the carrying amount of the assets exceed the estimated recoverable amount, an impairment is recognized for such excess amount. The impairment loss is recognized as an expense in the Statement of Profit and Loss.
The recoverable amount is the greater of the net selling price and their value in use. Value in use is arrived at by discounting the future cash flows to their present value based on an appropriate discount factor.
When there is indication that an impairment loss recognized for an asset in earlier accounting periods no longer exists or may have decreased, such reversal of impairment loss is recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss, to the extent the amount was previously charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss.
2.19 Provisions and Contingencies
A provision is recognized when the Company has a present obligation as a result of past events and it is probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation in respect of which a reliable estimate can be made. Provisions (excluding retirement benefits) are not discounted to their present value and are determined based on the best estimate required to settle the obligation at the Balance Sheet date. These are reviewed at each Balance Sheet date and adjusted to reflect the current best estimates. Contingent liabilities are disclosed in the Notes to the Financial Statements.
2.20 Insurance Claims
Insurance claims are accounted for on the basis of claims admitted / expected to be admitted and to the extent that the amount recoverable can be measured reliably and it is reasonable to expect ultimate collection.
2.21 Measurement of EBITDA
The Company has elected to present earnings before interest, tax, depreciation and amortization (EBITDA) as a separate line item on the face of the statement of profit and loss. The Company measures EBITDA on the basis of profit/ (loss) from its operations. In its measurement, the Company does not include depreciation and amortization expense, finance costs, interest income and tax expense.
2.22 Operating Cycle
Based on the nature of products / activities of the Company and the normal time between acquisition of assets and their realization in cash or cash equivalents, the Company has determined its operating cycle as 12 months for the purpose of classification of its assets and liabilities as current and non-current.
Mar 31, 2015
A Change in accounting policy
Depreciation of fixed assets
Till the year ended 31 March 2014, Schedule XIV to the Companies Act,
1956, prescribed requirements concerning depreciation of fixed assets.
From the current year, Schedule XIV has been replaced by Schedule II to
the Companies Act, 2013. The applicability of Schedule II has resulted
in the following changes related to depreciation of fixed assets.
Unless stated otherwise, the impact mentioned for the current year is
likely to hold good for future years also.
Useful Lives/Depreciation Rates
Till the year ended 31 March 2014, depreciation rates prescribed under
Schedule XIV were treated as minimum rates and the Company was not
allowed to charge depreciation at lower rates even if such lower rates
were justified by the estimated useful life of the asset. Schedule II
to the Companies Act 2013 prescribes useful lives for fixed assets
which, in many cases, are different from lives prescribed under the
erstwhile Schedule XIV. However, Schedule II allows companies to use
higher/ lower useful lives and residual values if such useful lives and
residual values can be technically supported and justification for
difference is disclosed in the financial statements.
Considering the applicability of Schedule II, the management has
re-estimated useful lives and residual values of all its fixed assets.
The management believes that depreciation rates currently used fairly
reflect its estimate of the useful lives and residual values of fixed
assets, though these rates in certain cases are different from lives
prescribed under Schedule II.
Component Accounting
The Company has adopted Schedule II to the Companies Act, 2013, for
depreciation purposes, from 1 April 2014. The Company was previously
not identifying components of fixed assets separately for depreciation
purposes; rather, a single useful life/ depreciation rate was used to
depreciate each item of fixed asset
Due to application of Schedule II to the Companies Act, 2013, the
Company has changed the manner of depreciation for its fixed assets.
Now, the Company identifies and determines separate useful life for
each major component of the fixed asset, if they have useful life that
is materially different from that of the remaining asset The company
has used transitional provisions of Schedule II to adjust the impact of
component accounting arising on its first application. If a component
has no remaining useful life on the date of Schedule II becoming
effective, i.e., 1 April 2014, its carrying amount, after retaining any
residual value, is charged to the opening balance of retained earnings.
The carrying amount of other components, i.e., components whose
remaining useful life is not nil on 1 April 2014, is depreciated over
their remaining useful life.
Effect
Had the Company continued to use the earlier policy of depreciating
fixed asset, the profit for the current period would have been higher
by Rs. 2,103,129 (net of tax impact of Rs. 1,082,948), retained
earnings at the beginning of the current period would have been
higher by Rs. 3,157,778 (net of tax impact of Rs. 1,626,009) and the
net block of fixed assets at March 31,2015 would correspondingly have
been higher by Rs. 3,186,077.
b use of estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with Indian GAAP
requires the management to make judgments, estimates and assumptions
that affect the reported amounts of revenues, expenses, assets and
liabilities and the disclosure of contingent liabilities, at the end of
the reporting period. Although these estimates are based on the
management''s best knowledge of current events and actions, uncertainty
about these assumptions and estimates could result in the outcomes
requiring a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets or
liabilities in future periods.
c Inventories
Inventory of medical consumables, drugs, stores and spares are valued
at cost or net realizable value whichever is lower. Cost is determined
on First in First out (FIFO) basis. Net realizable value is the
estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less
estimated costs necessary to make the sale.
d Tangible fixed assets
Fixed assets are stated at cost, net of accumulated depreciation and
accumulated impairment losses, if any. The cost comprises purchase
price, borrowing costs if capitalization criteria are met and directly
attributable cost of bringing the asset to its working condition for
the intended use. Any trade discounts and rebates are deducted in
arriving at the purchase price.
The Company adjusts exchange differences arising on translation/
settlement of long-term foreign currency monetary items pertaining to
the acquisition of a depreciable asset to the cost of the asset and
depreciates the same over the remaining life of the asset. In
accordance with MCA circular dated 09 August 2012, exchange differences
adjusted to the cost of fixed assets are total differences, arising on
long-term foreign currency monetary items pertaining to the acquisition
of a depreciable asset, for the period. In other words, the Company
does not differentiate between exchange differences arising from
foreign currency borrowings to the extent they are regarded as an
adjustment to the interest cost and other exchange difference.
Gains or losses arising from derecognition of fixed assets are measured
as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying
amount of the asset and are recognized in the statement of profit and
loss when the asset is derecognized.
e Depreciation on tangible fixed assets
Depreciation on fixed assets is calculated on a straight-line basis
using the rates arrived at based on the useful lives estimated by the
management. The Company has used the following rates to provide
depreciation on its fixed assets.
Useful lives estimated by the management (years)
Plant and Equipment 14
Medical Equipment 3 to 12
Furniture and Fixtures 10
Computers 3
Office Equipment 5
Vehicles 8
Assets individually costing Rs. 5,000 /- or less are fully depreciated in
the year of purchase.
The management has estimated the useful lives of medical equipment
ranging from 3 to 12 years and plant and machinery as 14 years. These
lives are lower than those indicated in Schedule II to the Act.
Also refer note 2.1(a) above.
f Intangible assets Computer Software
Costs relating to software, which are acquired, are capitalized and
amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives
viz., 6 years.
g Operating leases
Leases where the lessor effectively retains substantially all the risks
and benefits of ownership for the leased term, are classified as
operating leases. Operating lease payments are recognized as an expense
in the Statement of Profit and Loss on a straight-line basis over the
lease term.
h Borrowing costs
Borrowing cost includes interest, amortization of ancillary costs
incurred in connection with the arrangement of borrowings.
Borrowing costs directly attributable to the acquisition, construction
or production of an asset that necessarily takes a substantial period
of time to get ready for its intended use or sale are capitalized as
part of the cost of the respective asset. All other borrowing costs are
expensed in the period they occur.
i Impairment of tangible and intangible assets
The Company assesses at each reporting date whether there is an
indication that an asset may be impaired. If any indication exists, the
Company estimates the asset''s recoverable amount An asset''s recoverable
amount is the higher of an asset''s or cash-generating unit''s (CGU) net
selling price and its value in use. The recoverable amount is
determined for an individual asset, unless the asset does not generate
cash inflows that are largely independent of those from other assets or
groups of assets. Where the carrying amount of an asset or CGU exceeds
its recoverable amount, the asset is considered impaired and is written
down to its recoverable amount. In assessing value in use, the
estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value using
a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the
time value of money and the risks specific to the asset. In determining
net selling price, recent market transactions are taken into account,
if available. If no such transactions can be identified, an appropriate
valuation model is used.
The Company bases its impairment calculation on detailed budgets and
forecast calculations which are prepared separately for each of the
Company''s cash-generating units to which the individual assets are
allocated. These budgets and forecast calculations are generally
covering a period of five years. For longer periods, a long term growth
rate is calculated and applied to project future cash flows after the
fifth year.
After impairment, depreciation is provided on the revised carrying
amount of the asset over its remaining useful life.
An assessment is made at each reporting date as to whether there is any
indication that previously recognized impairment losses may no longer
exist or may have decreased. If such indication exists, the Company
estimates the asset''s or cash-generating unit''s recoverable amount. A
previously recognized impairment loss is reversed only if there has
been a change in the assumptions used to determine the asset''s
recoverable amount since the last impairment loss was recognized. The
reversal is limited so that the carrying amount of the asset does not
exceed its recoverable amount, nor exceed the carrying amount that
would have been determined, net of depreciation, had no impairment loss
been recognized for the asset in prior years. Such reversal is
recognized in the statement of profit and loss unless the asset is
carried at a revalued amount, in which case the reversal is treated as
a revaluation increase.
j Investments
Investments that are readily realisable and intended to be held for not
more than a year are classified as current investments. All other
investments are classified as long-term investments. Current
investments are carried at lower of cost and fair value determined on
an individual investment basis. Long-term investments are carried at
cost. However, provision for diminution in value is made to recognize a
decline other than temporary in the value of the investments.
k Revenue recognition
Revenue is recognized to the extent that it is probable that the
economic benefits will flow to the Company and the revenue can be
reliably measured. The following specific recognition criteria must
also be met before revenue is recognized:
Inpatient and Outpatient revenue
Inpatient and outpatient revenue is recognized as and when the services
are rendered.
Management fees & income from medical services
Management fee from hospitals and income from medical services is
recognized as and when the related services are rendered as per the
terms of the agreement with respective hospitals.
Sale of traded goods - pharmacy items
Revenue from sale of pharmacy items are recognized as and when the
pharmacy items are sold to patients. Interest
Revenue is recognized on a time proportion basis taking in to account
the amount outstanding and the rate applicable.
Income from Served from India Scheme [SFISl
Income from SFIS is recognized based on a prescribed percentage of
foreign currency receipts on account of services rendered in accordance
with the Served from India Scheme of the Foreign Trade Policy [the
"scheme"). The credit under the scheme is recognized only at the time
when and to the extent there is no significant uncertainty as to its
measurability and ultimate realization.
l Foreign Currency Translation
i. Initial Recognition
Foreign currency transactions are recorded in the reporting currency,
by applying to the foreign currency amount the exchange rate between
the reporting currency and the foreign currency at the date of the
transaction.
ii. Conversion
Foreign currency monetary items are reported using the closing rate.
Non-monetary items which are carried in terms of historical cost
denominated in a foreign currency are reported using the exchange rate
at the date of the transaction and non-monetary items which are carried
at fair value or other similar valuation denominated in a foreign
currency are reported using the exchange rates that existed when the
values were determined.
iii. Exchange differences
The Company accounts for exchange differences arising on translation/
settlement of foreign currency monetary items as below:
1. Exchange differences arising on a monetary item that, in substance,
forms part of the Company''s net investment in a non-integral foreign
operation is accumulated in the foreign currency translation reserve
until the disposal of the net investment. On the disposal of such net
investment, the cumulative amount of the exchange differences which
have been deferred and which relate to that investment is recognized as
income or as expenses in the same period in which the gain or loss on
disposal is recognized.
2. Exchange differences arising on long-term foreign currency monetary
items related to acquisition of a fixed asset are capitalized and
depreciated over the remaining useful life of the asset.
3. Exchange differences arising on other long-term foreign currency
monetary items are accumulated in the "Foreign Currency Monetary Item
Translation Difference Account" and amortized over the remaining life
of the concerned monetary item.
4. All other exchange differences are recognized as income or as
expenses in the period in which they arise. m Retirement and other
employee benefits
i. Contribution to provident fund
Retirement benefit in the form of provident fund is a defined
contribution scheme. The Company has no obligation, other than the
contribution payable to the provident fund. The Company recognizes
contribution payable to the provident fund scheme as expenditure, when
an employee renders the related service. If the contribution payable to
the scheme for service received before the balance sheet date exceeds
the contribution already paid, the deficit payable to the scheme is
recognized as a liability after deducting the contribution already
paid. If the contribution already paid exceeds the contribution due for
services received before the balance sheet date, then excess is
recognized as an asset to the extent that the pre-payment will lead to,
for example, a reduction in future payment or a cash refund.
ii. Gratuity
Gratuity liability is a defined benefit obligation and is provided for
on the basis of an actuarial valuation made at the end of the year
using projected unit credit method.
iii. Compensated absences/Leave encashment
The Company treats accumulated leave expected to be carried forward
beyond twelve months, as long- term employee benefit for measurement
purposes. Such long-term compensated absences are provided for based on
the actuarial valuation using the projected unit credit method at the
year-end.
Accumulated leave, which is expected to be utilized within the next 12
months, is treated as short-term employee benefit The Company measures
the expected cost of such absences as the additional amount that it
expects to pay as a result of the unused entitlement that has
accumulated at the reporting date.
iv. Actuarial gains/losses
Actuarial gains/ losses on gratuity and long term compensated absences
are recognized in the statement of profit and loss as they occur.
n Taxes on Income
Tax expense comprises current and deferred tax. Current income tax is
measured at the amount and expected to be paid to the tax authorities
in accordance with the Indian Income Tax Act. Deferred income tax
reflects the impact of current year timing differences between taxable
income and accounting income for the year and reversal of timing
differences of earlier years.
Deferred tax is measured based on the tax rates and the tax laws
enacted or substantively enacted at the balance sheet date. Deferred
tax liabilities are recognized for all taxable timing differences.
Deferred tax assets are recognized for deductible timing differences
only to the extent that there is reasonable certainty that sufficient
future taxable income will be available against which such deferred tax
assets can be realized. In situations where the company has unabsorbed
depreciation or carry forward tax losses, all deferred tax assets are
recognized only if there is virtual certainty supported by convincing
evidence that they can be realized against future taxable profits.
At each reporting date, the Company re-assesses unrecognized deferred
tax assets. It recognizes unrecognized deferred tax asset to the extent
that it has become reasonably certain or virtually certain, as the case
may be, that sufficient future taxable income will be available against
which such deferred tax assets can be realized.
o Employee stock compensation cost
Employees (including senior executives) of the Company receive
remuneration in the form of share based payment transactions, whereby
employees render services as consideration for equity instruments
(equity- settled transactions).
In accordance with the SEBI (Employee Stock Option Scheme and Employee
Stock Purchase Scheme) Guidelines,
1999 and the Guidance Note on Accounting for Employee Share-based
Payments, the cost of equity-settled transactions is measured using the
intrinsic value method and recognized, together with a corresponding
increase in the "Stock options outstanding account" in reserves. The
cumulative expense recognized for equity-settled transactions at each
reporting date until the vesting date reflects the extent to which the
vesting period has expired and the Company''s best estimate of the
number of equity instruments that will ultimately vest. The expense or
credit recognized in the statement of profit and loss for a period
represents the movement in cumulative expense recognized as at the
beginning and end of that period and is recognized in employee benefits
expense.
Where the terms of an equity-settled transaction award are modified,
the minimum expense recognized is the expense as if the terms had not
been modified, if the original terms of the award are met. An
additional expense is recognized for any modification that increases
the total intrinsic value of the share-based payment transaction, or is
otherwise beneficial to the employee as measured at the date of
modification.
p Earnings Per Share
Basic earnings per share are calculated by dividing the net profit or
loss for the year attributable to equity shareholders by the weighted
average number of equity shares outstanding during the year. The
weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year is
adjusted for events such as bonus issue, bonus element in a rights
issue, share split, and reverse share split (consolidation of shares)
that have changed the number of equity shares outstanding, without a
corresponding change in resources.
For the purpose of calculating diluted earnings per share, the net
profit or loss for the year attributable to equity shareholders and the
weighted average number of shares outstanding during the year are
adjusted for the effects of all dilutive potential equity shares.
q Provisions
A provision is recognized when an enterprise has a present obligation
as a result of past event and it is probable that an outflow of
resources will be required to settle the obligation, in respect of
which a reliable estimate can be made. Provisions are not discounted to
their present values and are determined based on management''s estimate
of the amount required to settle the obligation at the balance sheet
date. These are reviewed at each balance sheet date and adjusted to
reflect the management''s current estimates.
r Contingent liabilities
A contingent liability is a possible obligation that arises from past
events whose existence will be confirmed by the occurrence or
non-occurrence of one or more uncertain future events beyond the
control of the company or a present obligation that is not recognized
because it is not probable that an outflow of resources will be
required to settle the obligation. The Company does not recognize a
contingent liability but discloses its existence in the financial
statements.
s Cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash at bank and in hand and
short-term investments with an original maturity of three months or
less.
t Measurement of EBITDA
The Company has elected to present earnings before interest, tax,
depreciation and amortization (EBITDA) as a separate line item on the
face of the statement of profit and loss. The Company measures EBITDA
on the basis of profit/ (loss) from its operations. In its measurement,
the Company does not include depreciation and amortization expense,
finance costs, interest income and tax expense.
u Expenditure on Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)
The Company accounts the expenditure incurred towards Corporate Social
Responsibility as required under the Act as a charge to the statement
of profit and loss account.
Mar 31, 2014
A Use of estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with Indian GAAP
requires the management to make judgments, estimates and assumptions
that affect the reported amounts of revenues, expenses, assets and
liabilities and the disclosure of contingent liabilities, at the end of
the reporting period. Although these estimates are based on the
management''s best knowledge of current events and actions, uncertainty
about these assumptions and estimates could result in the outcomes
requiring a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets or
liabilities in future periods.
b Inventories
Inventory of medical consumables, drugs, stores and spares are valued
at cost or net realizable value whichever is lower. Cost is determined
on First in First out (FIFO) basis. Net realizable value is the
estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less
estimated costs necessary to make the sale.
c Tangible fixed assets
Fixed assets are stated at cost, net of accumulated depreciation and
accumulated impairment losses, if any. The cost comprises purchase
price, borrowing costs if capitalization criteria are met and directly
attributable cost of bringing the asset to its working condition for
the intended use. Any trade discounts and rebates are deducted in
arriving at the purchase price.
The Company adjusts exchange differences arising on translation/
settlement of long-term foreign currency monetary items pertaining to
the acquisition of a depreciable asset to the cost of the asset and
depreciates the same over the remaining life of the asset. In
accordance with MCA circular dated 09 August 2012, exchange differences
adjusted to the cost of fixed assets are total differences, arising on
long-term foreign currency monetary items pertaining to the acquisition
of a depreciable asset, for the period. In other words, the Company
does not differentiate between exchange differences arising from
foreign currency borrowings to the extent they are regarded as an
adjustment to the interest cost and other exchange difference.
Gains or losses arising from derecognition of fixed assets are measured
as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying
amount of the asset and are recognized in the statement of profit and
loss when the asset is derecognized.
d Depreciation on tangible fixed assets
Depreciation on fixed assets is calculated on a straight-line basis
using the rates arrived at based on the useful lives estimated by the
management, or those prescribed under the Schedule XIV to the Companies
Act, 1956, whichever is higher. The Company has used the following
rates to provide depreciation on its fixed assets.
Building 3.34%
Plant and equipment 4.75%
Medical equipments 7.07%
Furniture and Fixtures 9.50%
Computers 16.20%
Office equipments* 9.50%
Vehicles 9.50%
*included as part of furniture and fixtures
Assets individually costing Rs. 5,000 /- or less are fully depreciated
in the year of purchase. e Intangible assets Computer Software Costs
relating to software, which are acquired, are capitalized and amortized
on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives viz., 6
years.
f Operating leases
Leases where the lessor effectively retains substantially all the risks
and benefits of ownership for the leased term, are classified as
operating leases. Operating lease payments are recognized as an expense
in the Statement of Profit and Loss on a straight-line basis over the
lease term.
g Borrowing costs
Borrowing cost includes interest, amortization of ancillary costs
incurred in connection with the arrangement of borrowings.
Borrowing costs directly attributable to the acquisition, construction
or production of an asset that necessarily takes a substantial period
of time to get ready for its intended use or sale are capitalized as
part of the cost of the respective asset. All other borrowing costs are
expensed in the period they occur.
h Impairment of tangible and intangible assets
The Company assesses at each reporting date whether there is an
indication that an asset may be impaired. If any indication exists, the
Company estimates the asset''s recoverable amount An asset''s recoverable
amount is the higher of an asset''s or cash-generating unit''s (CGU) net
selling price and its value in use. The recoverable amount is
determined for an individual asset, unless the asset does not generate
cash inflows that are largely independent of those from other assets or
groups of assets. Where the carrying amount of an asset or CGU exceeds
its recoverable amount, the asset is considered impaired and is written
down to its recoverable amount. In assessing value in use, the
estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value using
a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the
time value of money and the risks specific to the asset. In determining
net selling price, recent market transactions are taken into account,
if available. If no such transactions can be identified, an appropriate
valuation model is used.
The Company bases its impairment calculation on detailed budgets and
forecast calculations which are prepared separately for each of the
Company''s cash-generating units to which the individual assets are
allocated. These budgets and forecast calculations are generally
covering a period of five years. For longer periods, a long term growth
rate is calculated and applied to project future cash flows after the
fifth year.
After impairment, depreciation is provided on the revised carrying
amount of the asset over its remaining useful life.
An assessment is made at each reporting date as to whether there is any
indication that previously recognized impairment losses may no longer
exist or may have decreased. If such indication exists, the Company
estimates the asset''s or cash-generating unit''s recoverable amount. A
previously recognized impairment loss is reversed only if there has
been a change in the assumptions used to determine the asset''s
recoverable amount since the last impairment loss was recognized. The
reversal is limited so that the carrying amount of the asset does not
exceed its recoverable amount, nor exceed the carrying amount that
would have been determined, net of depreciation, had no impairment loss
been recognized for the asset in prior years. Such reversal is
recognized in the statement of profit and loss unless the asset is
carried at a revalued amount, in which case the reversal is treated as
a revaluation increase.
i Investments
Investments that are readily realisable and intended to be held for not
more than a year are classified as current investments. All other
investments are classified as long-term investments. Current
investments are carried at lower of cost and fair value determined on
an individual investment basis. Long-term investments are carried at
cost. However, provision for diminution in value is made to recognize a
decline other than temporary in the value of the investments.
j Revenue recognition
Revenue is recognized to the extent that it is probable that the
economic benefits will flow to the Company and the revenue can be
reliably measured. The following specific recognition criteria must
also be met before revenue is recognized:
Inpatient and Outpatient revenue
Inpatient and outpatient revenue is recognised as and when the services
are rendered.
Management fees & income from medical services
Management fee from hospitals and income from medical services is
recognised as and when the related services are rendered as per the
terms of the agreement with respective hospitals.
Sale of traded goods - pharmacy items
Revenue from sale of pharmacy items are recognised as and when the
pharmacy items are sold to patients.
Interest
Revenue is recognised on a time proportion basis taking in to account
the amount outstanding and the rate applicable.
Income from Served from India Scheme (SFIS)
Income from SFIS is recognised based on a prescribed percentage of
foreign currency receipts on account of services rendered in accordance
with the Served from India Scheme. The credit under the scheme is
recognised only at the time when and to the extent there is no
significant uncertainty as to its measurability and ultimate
realization.
k Foreign Currency Translation
i. Initial Recognition
Foreign currency transactions are recorded in the reporting currency,
by applying to the foreign currency amount the exchange rate between
the reporting currency and the foreign currency at the date of the
transaction.
ii. Conversion
Foreign currency monetary items are reported using the closing rate.
Non-monetary items which are carried in terms of historical cost
denominated in a foreign currency are reported using the exchange rate
at the date of the transaction and non-monetary items which are carried
at fair value or other similar valuation denominated in a foreign
currency are reported using the exchange rates that existed when the
values were determined.
iii. Exchange differences
The Company accounts for exchange differences arising on translation/
settlement of foreign currency monetary items as below:
1. Exchange differences arising on a monetary item that, in substance,
forms part of the Company''s net investment in a non-integral foreign
operation is accumulated in the foreign currency translation reserve
until the disposal of the net investment. On the disposal of such net
investment, the cumulative amount of the exchange differences which
have been deferred and which relate to that investment is recognized as
income or as expenses in the same period in which the gain or loss on
disposal is recognized.
2. Exchange differences arising on long-term foreign currency monetary
items related to acquisition of a fixed asset are capitalized and
depreciated over the remaining useful life of the asset.
3. Exchange differences arising on other long-term foreign currency
monetary items are accumulated in the "Foreign Currency Monetary Item
Translation Difference Account" and amortized over the remaining life
of the concerned monetary item.
4. All other exchange differences are recognized as income or as
expenses in the period in which they arise.
l Retirement and other employee benefits
i. Contribution to provident fund
Retirement benefit in the form of provident fund is a defined
contribution scheme. The Company has no obligation, other than the
contribution payable to the provident fund. The Company recognizes
contribution payable to the provident fund scheme as an expenditure,
when an employee renders the related service. If the contribution
payable to the scheme for service received before the balance sheet
date exceeds the contribution already paid, the deficit payable to the
scheme is recognized as a liability after deducting the contribution
already paid. If the contribution already paid exceeds the contribution
due for services received before the balance sheet date, then excess is
recognized as an asset to the extent that the pre payment will lead to,
for example, a reduction in future payment or a cash refund.
ii. Gratuity
Gratuity liability is a defined benefit obligation and is provided for
on the basis of an actuarial valuation made at the end of the year
using projected unit credit method.
iii. Compensated absences
Long term compensated absences are provided for based on actuarial
valuation made at the end of the year using projected unit credit
method.
Accumulated leave, which is expected to be utilized within the next 12
months, is treated as short-term employee benefit The Company measures
the expected cost of such absences as the additional amount that it
expects to pay as a result of the unused entitlement that has
accumulated at the reporting date.
iv. Actuarial gains/losses
Actuarial gains/ losses on gratuity and long term compensated absences
are recognized in the statement of profit and loss as they occur.
m Taxes on Income
Tax expense comprises current and deferred tax. Current income tax is
measured at the amount and expected to be paid to the tax authorities
in accordance with the Indian Income Tax Act. Deferred income tax
reflects the impact of current year timing differences between taxable
income and accounting income for the year and reversal of timing
differences of earlier years.
Deferred tax is measured based on the tax rates and the tax laws
enacted or substantively enacted at the balance sheet date. Deferred
tax liabilities are recognized for all taxable timing differences.
Deferred tax assets are recognized for deductible timing differences
only to the extent that there is reasonable certainty that sufficient
future taxable income will be available against which such deferred tax
assets can be realized. In situations where the company has unabsorbed
depreciation or carry forward tax losses, all deferred tax assets are
recognized only if there is virtual certainty supported by convincing
evidence that they can be realized against future taxable profits.
At each reporting date, the Company re-assesses unrecognized deferred
tax assets. It recognizes unrecognized deferred tax asset to the extent
that it has become reasonably certain or virtually certain, as the case
may be, that sufficient future taxable income will be available against
which such deferred tax assets can be realized.
n Employee stock compensation cost
Employees (including senior executives) of the Company receive
remuneration in the form of share based payment transactions, whereby
employees render services as consideration for equity instruments
(equity- settled transactions).
In accordance with the SEBI (Employee Stock Option Scheme and Employee
Stock Purchase Scheme) Guidelines, 1999 and the Guidance Note on
Accounting for Employee Share-based Payments, the cost of
equity-settled transactions is measured using the intrinsic value
method and recognized, together with a corresponding increase in the
"Stock options outstanding account" in reserves. The cumulative expense
recognized for equity- settled transactions at each reporting date
until the vesting date reflects the extent to which the vesting period
has expired and the Company''s best estimate of the number of equity
instruments that will ultimately vest. The expense or credit
recognized in the statement of profit and loss for a period represents
the movement in cumulative expense recognized as at the beginning and
end of that period and is recognized in employee benefits expense.
Where the terms of an equity-settled transaction award are modified,
the minimum expense recognized is the expense as if the terms had not
been modified, if the original terms of the award are met. An
additional expense is recognized for any modification that increases
the total intrinsic value of the share-based payment transaction, or is
otherwise beneficial to the employee as measured at the date of
modification.
o Earnings Per Share
Basic earnings per share are calculated by dividing the net profit or
loss for the year attributable to equity shareholders by the weighted
average number of equity shares outstanding during the year. The
weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year is
adjusted for events such as bonus issue, bonus element in a rights
issue, share split, and reverse share split (consolidation of shares)
that have changed the number of equity shares outstanding, without a
corresponding change in resources.
For the purpose of calculating diluted earnings per share, the net
profit or loss for the year attributable to equity shareholders and the
weighted average number of shares outstanding during the year are
adjusted for the effects of all dilutive potential equity shares.
p Provisions
A provision is recognised when an enterprise has a present obligation
as a result of past event and it is probable that an outflow of
resources will be required to settle the obligation, in respect of
which a reliable estimate can be made. Provisions are not discounted to
their present values and are determined based on management''s estimate
of the amount required to settle the obligation at the balance sheet
date. These are reviewed at each balance sheet date and adjusted to
reflect the management''s current estimates.
q Contingent liabilities
A contingent liability is a possible obligation that arises from past
events whose existence will be confirmed by the occurrence or
non-occurrence of one or more uncertain future events beyond the
control of the company or a present obligation that is not recognized
because it is not probable that an outflow of resources will be
required to settle the obligation. The Company does not recognize a
contingent liability but discloses its existence in the financial
statements.
r Cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash at bank and in hand and
short-term investments with an original maturity of three months or
less.
s Measurement of EBITDA
As permitted by the Guidance Note on the Revised Schedule VI to the
Companies Act, 1956, the Company has elected to present earnings before
interest, tax, depreciation and amortization (EBITDA) as a separate
line item on the face of the statement of profit and loss. The Company
measures EBITDA on the basis of profit/ (loss) from its operations. In
its measurement, the Company does not include depreciation and
amortization expense, finance costs, interest income and tax expense.
Mar 31, 2013
A Use of estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with Indian GAAP
requires the management to make judgments, estimates and assumptions
that affect the reported amounts of revenues, expenses, assets and
liabilities and the disclosure of contingent liabilities, at the end of
the reporting period. Although these estimates are based on the
management-s best knowledge of current events and actions, uncertainty
about these assumptions and estimates could result in the outcomes
requiring a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets or
liabilities in future periods.
b Inventories
Inventory of medical consumables, drugs, stores and spares are valued
at cost or net realizable value whichever is lower. Cost is determined
on First in First out (FIFO) basis. Net realizable value is the
estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less
estimated costs necessary to make the sale.
c Tangible fixed assets
Fixed assets are stated at cost, net of accumulated depreciation and
accumulated impairment losses, if any. The cost comprises purchase
price, borrowing costs if capitalization criteria are met and directly
attributable cost of bringing the asset to its working condition for
the intended use. Any trade discounts and rebates are deducted in
arriving at the purchase price.
The company adjusts exchange differences arising on translation/
settlement of long-term foreign currency monetary items pertaining to
the acquisition of a depreciable asset to the cost of the asset and
depreciates the same over the remaining life of the asset. In
accordance with MCA circular dated 09 August 2012, exchange differences
adjusted to the cost of fixed assets are total differences, arising on
long-term foreign currency monetary items pertaining to the acquisition
of a depreciable asset, for the period. In other words, the company
does not differentiate between exchange differences arising from
foreign currency borrowings to the extent they are regarded as an
adjustment to the interest cost and other exchange difference.
Gains or losses arising from derecognition of fixed assets are measured
as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying
amount of the asset and are recognized in the statement of profit and
loss when the asset is derecognized.
d Depreciation on tangible fixed assets
Depreciation on fixed assets is calculated on a straight-line basis
using the rates arrived at based on the useful lives estimated by the
management, or those prescribed under the Schedule XIV to the Companies
Act, 1956, whichever is higher. The company has used the following
rates to provide depreciation on its fixed assets.
Building 3.34%
Plant & machinery 4.75%
Medical equipments 7.07%
Furniture & fittings 9.50%
Computers 16.20%
Office equipments 9.50%
Vehicles 9.50%
Assets individually costing Rs. 5,000 /- or less are fully depreciated
in the year of purchase.
e Intangible assets
Software
Costs relating to software, which are acquired, are capitalized and
amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives
viz., 6 years.
f Operating leases
Leases where the lessor effectively retains substantially all the risks
and benefits of ownership for the leased term, are classified as
operating leases. Operating lease payments are recognized as an expense
in the statement of Profit and Loss on a straight-line basis over the
lease term.
g Borrowing costs
Borrowing cost includes interest, amortization of ancillary costs
incurred in connection with the arrangement of borrowings.
Borrowing costs directly attributable to the acquisition, construction
or production of an asset that necessarily takes a substantial period
of time to get ready for its intended use or sale are capitalized as
part of the cost of the respective asset. All other borrowing costs are
expensed in the period they occur.
h Impairment of tangible and intangible assets
The Company assesses at each reporting date whether there is an
indication that an asset may be impaired. If any indication exists, or
when annual impairment testing for an asset is required, the Company
estimates the asset-s recoverable amount. An asset-s recoverable amount
is the higher of an asset-s or cash-generating unit-s (CGU) net selling
price and its value in use. The recoverable amount is determined for an
individual asset, unless the asset does not generate cash inflows that
are largely independent of those from other assets or groups of assets.
Where the carrying amount of an asset or CGU exceeds its recoverable
amount, the asset is considered impaired and is written down to its
recoverable amount. In assessing value in use, the estimated future
cash flows are discounted to their present value using a pre-tax
discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time
value of money and the risks specific to the asset. In determining net
selling price, recent market transactions are taken into account, if
available. If no such transactions can be identified, an appropriate
valuation model is used.
The Company bases its impairment calculation on detailed budgets and
forecast calculations which are prepared separately for each of the
company-s cash-generating units to which the individual assets are
allocated. These budgets and forecast calculations are generally
covering a period of five years. For longer periods, a long term growth
rate is calculated and applied to project future cash flows after the
fifth year.
After impairment, depreciation is provided on the revised carrying
amount of the asset over its remaining useful life.
An assessment is made at each reporting date as to whether there is any
indication that previously recognized impairment losses may no longer
exist or may have decreased. If such indication exists, the Company
estimates the asset-s or cash-generating unit-s recoverable amount. A
previously recognized impairment loss is reversed only if there has
been a change in the assumptions used to determine the asset-s
recoverable amount since the last impairment loss was recognized. The
reversal is limited so that the carrying amount of the asset does not
exceed its recoverable amount, nor exceed the carrying amount that
would have been determined, net of depreciation, had no impairment loss
been recognized for the asset in prior years. Such reversal is
recognized in the statement of profit and loss unless the asset is
carried at a revalued amount, in which case the reversal is treated as
a revaluation increase.
i Investments
Investments that are readily realisable and intended to be held for not
more than a year are classified as current investments. All other
investments are classified as long-term investments. Current
investments are carried at lower of cost and fair value determined on
an individual investment basis. Long-term investments are carried at
cost. However, provision for diminution in value is made to recognise a
decline other than temporary in the value of the investments.
j Revenue recognition
Revenue is recognized to the extent that it is probable that the
economic benefits will flow to the company and the revenue can be
reliably measured. The following specific recognition criteria must
also be met before revenue is recognized:
Inpatient and Outpatient revenue
Inpatient and outpatient revenue is recognised as and when the services
are rendered.
Management fees& income from medical services
Management fee from hospitals and income from medical services is
recognised as and when the related services are rendered as per the
terms of the agreement with respective hospitals.
Sale of traded goods  pharmacy items
Revenue from sale of pharmacy items are recognised as and when the
pharmacy items are sold to patients.
Interest
Revenue is recognised on a time proportion basis taking in to account
the amount outstanding and the rate applicable.
Income from Served from India Scheme (SFIS)
Income from SFIS is recognised based on a prescribed percentage of
foreign currency receipts on account of services rendered in accordance
with the Served from India Scheme. The credit under the scheme is
recognised only at the time w hen and to the extent there is no
significant uncertainty as to its measurability and ultimate
realization.
k Foreign Currency Translation
i. Initial Recognition
Foreign currency transactions are recorded in the reporting currency,
by applying to the foreign currency amount the exchange rate between
the reporting currency and the foreign currency at the date of the
transaction.
ii. Conversion
Foreign currency monetary items are reported using the closing rate.
Non-monetary items which are carried in terms of historical cost
denominated in a foreign currency are reported using the exchange rate
at the date of the transaction and non-monetary items which are carried
at fair value or other similar valuation denominated in a foreign
currency are reported using the exchange rates that existed when the
values were determined.
iii. Exchange differences
The company accounts for exchange differences arising on translation/
settlement of foreign currency monetary items as below:
1. Exchange differences arising on a monetary item that, in substance,
forms part of the company-s net investment in a non-integral foreign
operation is accumulated in the foreign currency translation reserve
until the disposal of the net investment. On the disposal of such net
investment, the cumulative amount of the exchange differences which
have been deferred and which relate to that investment is recognized as
income or as expenses in the same period in which the gain or loss on
disposal is recognized.
2. Exchange differences arising on long-term foreign currency monetary
items related to acquisition of a fixed asset are capitalized and
depreciated over the remaining useful life of the asset.
3. Exchange differences arising on other long-term foreign currency
monetary items are accumulated in the "Foreign Currency Monetary Item
Translation Difference Account'' and amortized over the remaining life
of the concerned monetary item.
4. All other exchange differences are recognized as income or as
expenses in the period in which they arise.
l Retirement and other employee benefits
i. Contribution to provident fund
Retirement benefit in the form of provident fund is a defined
contribution scheme. The contributions to the provident fund are
charged to the statement of profit and loss for the year when the
contributions are due. The Company has no obligation, other than the
contribution payable to the provident fund.
ii. Gratuity
Gratuity liability is a defined benefit obligation and is provided for
on the basis of an actuarial valuation made at the end of the year
using projected unit credit method.
iii. Compensated absences
Long term compensated absences are provided for based on actuarial
valuation made at the end of the year using projected unit credit
method.
Accumulated leave, which is expected to be utilized within the next 12
months, is treated as short- term employee benefit. The Company
measures the expected cost of such absences as the additional amount
that it expects to pay as a result of the unused entitlement that has
accumulated at the reporting date.
iv. Actuarial gains/losses
Actuarial gains/ losseson gratuity and long term compensated absences
are recognizedin the statement of profit and loss as they occur.
m Taxes on Income
Tax expense comprises current and deferred tax. Current income tax is
measured at the amount and expected to be paid to the tax authorities
in accordance with the Indian Income Tax Act. Deferred income tax
reflects the impact of current year timing differences between taxable
income and accounting income for the year and reversal of timing
differences of earlier years.
Deferred tax is measured based on the tax rates and the tax laws
enacted or substantively enacted at the balance sheet date. Deferred
tax assets are recognised only to the extent that there is reasonable
certainty that sufficient future taxable income will be available
against which such deferred tax assets can be realised. Deferred tax
asset on unabsorbed depreciation or carry forward tax losses are
recognized only if there is virtual certainty supported by convincing
evidence that they can be realized against future taxable profits.
At each reporting date, the company re-assesses unrecognized deferred
tax assets. It recognizes unrecognized deferred tax asset to the extent
that it has become reasonably certain or virtually certain, as the case
may be, that sufficient future taxable income will be available against
which such deferred tax assets can be realized.
n Employee stock compensation cost
Employees (including senior executives) of the Company receive
remuneration in the form of share based payment transactions, whereby
employees render services as consideration for equity instruments
(equity-settled transactions).
In accordance with the SEBI (Employee Stock Option Scheme and Employee
Stock Purchase Scheme) Guidelines, 1999 and the Guidance Note on
Accounting for Employee Share-based Payments, the cost of
equity-settled transactions is measured using the intrinsic value
method and recognized, together with a corresponding increase in the
"Stock options outstanding account'' in reserves. The cumulative expense
recognized for equity-settled transactions at each reporting date until
the vesting date reflects the extent to which the vesting period has
expired and the Company-s best estimate of the number of equity
instruments that will ultimately vest. The expense or credit recognized
in the statement of profit and loss for a period represents the
movement in cumulative expense recognized as at the beginning and end
of that period and is recognized in employee benefits expense.
Where the terms of an equity-settled transaction award are modified,
the minimum expense recognized is the expense as if the terms had not
been modified, if the original terms of the award are met. An
additional expense is recognized for any modification that increases
the total intrinsic value of the share-based payment transaction, or is
otherwise beneficial to the employee as measured at the date of
modification.
o Earnings Per Share
Basic earnings per share are calculated by dividing the net profit or
loss for the year attributable to equity shareholders by the weighted
average number of equity shares outstanding during the year. The
weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year is
adjusted for events such as bonus issue, bonus element in a rights
issue, share split, and reverse share split (consolidation of shares)
that have changed the number of equity shares outstanding, without a
corresponding change in resources.
For the purpose of calculating diluted earnings per share, the net
profit or loss for the year attributable to equity shareholders and the
weighted average number of shares outstanding during the year are
adjusted for the effects of all dilutive potential equity shares.
p Provisions
A provision is recognised when an enterprise has a present obligation
as a result of past event and it is probable that an outflow of
resources will be required to settle the obligation, in respect of
which a reliable estimate can be made. Provisions are not discounted to
their present values and are determined based on management-s estimate
of the amount required to settle the obligation at the balance sheet
date. These are reviewed at each balance sheet date and adjusted to
reflect the management-s current estimates.
q Contingent liabilities
A contingent liability is a possible obligation that arises from past
events whose existence will be confirmed by the occurrence or
non-occurrence of one or more uncertain future events beyond the
control of the company or a present obligation that is not recognized
because it is not probable that an outflow of resources will be
required to settle the obligation. The Company does not recognize a
contingent liability but discloses its existence in the financial
statements.
r Cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents for the purposes of cash flow statement
comprise cash at bank and in hand and short-term investments with an
original maturity of three months or less.
s Measurement of EBITDA
As permitted by the Guidance Note on the Revised Schedule VI to the
Companies Act, 1956, the Company has elected to present earnings before
interest, tax, depreciation and amortization (EBITDA) as a separate
line item on the face of the statement of profit and loss. The Company
measures EBITDA on the basis of profit/ (loss) from continuing
operations. In its measurement, the Company does not include
depreciation and amortization expense, interest income, finance costs
and tax expense.
Mar 31, 2012
A Change in accounting policy
Presentation and disclosure of financial statements
During the year ended March 31, 2012, the revised Schedule VI notified
under the Companies Act 1956, has become applicable to the Company, for
preparation and presentation of its financial statements. The adoption
of revised Schedule VI does not impact recognition and measurement
principles followed for preparation of financial statements. However,
it has significant impact on presentation and disclosures made in the
financial statements. The Company has also reclassified the previous
year's figures in accordance with the requirements applicable in the
current year.
b Inventories
Inventory of medical consumables, drugs, stores and spares are valued
at cost or net realizable value. Cost is determined on First in First
out (FIFO) basis. Net realizable value is the estimated selling price
in the ordinary course of business, less estimated costs necessary to
make the sale.
c Use of estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with Indian GAAP
requires the management to make judgments, estimates and assumptions
that affect the reported amounts of revenues, expenses, assets and
liabilities and the disclosure of contingent liabilities, at the end of
the reporting period. Although these estimates are based on the
management's best knowledge of current events and actions, uncertainty
about these assumptions and estimates could result in the outcomes
requiring a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets or
liabilities in future periods.
d Tangible fixed assets
Fixed assets are stated at cost, net of accumulated depreciation and
accumulated impairment losses, if any. The cost comprises purchase
price, borrowing costs if capitalization criteria are met and directly
attributable cost of bringing the asset to its working condition for
the intended use. Any trade discounts and rebates are deducted in
arriving at the purchase price.
From accounting periods commencing on or after December 7, 2006, the
Company adjusts exchange differences arising on translation/ settlement
of long-term foreign currency monetary items pertaining to the
acquisition of a depreciable asset to the cost of the asset and
depreciates the same over the remaining life of the asset.
Gains or losses arising from derecognition of fixed assets are measured
as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying
amount of the asset and are recognized in the statement of profit and
loss when the asset is derecognized.
e Depreciation on tangible fixed assets
Depreciation is charged on straight line method at rates and manner
prescribed under Schedule XIV of the Companies Act, 1956. The company
has used the following rates to provide depreciation on its fixed
assets.
Building 3.34%
Plant & machinery 4.75%
Medical equipments 7.07%
Furniture & fittings 9.50%
Computers 16.20%
Office equipments 9.50%
Vehicles 9.50%
Assets individually costing Rs. 5,000 /- or less are fully depreciated in
the year of purchase.
f Intangible assets Software
Costs relating to software, which are acquired, are capitalized and
amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives
viz 6 years.
g Operating leases
Leases where the lessor effectively retains substantially all the risks
and benefits of ownership for the leased term, are classified as
operating leases. Operating lease payments are recognized as an expense
in the Profit and Loss account on a straight-line basis over the lease
term.
h Borrowing costs
Borrowing cost includes interest, amortization of ancillary costs
incurred in connection with the arrangement of borrowings and exchange
differences arising from foreign currency borrowings to the extent they
are regarded as an adjustment to the interest cost.
Borrowing costs directly attributable to the acquisition, construction
or production of an asset that necessarily takes a substantial period
of time to get ready for its intended use or sale are capitalized as
part of the cost of the respective asset. All other borrowing costs are
expensed in the period they occur.
i Impairment of tangible and intangible assets
The Company assesses at each reporting date whether there is an
indication that an asset may be impaired. If any indication exists, or
when annual impairment testing for an asset is required, the Company
estimates the asset's recoverable amount. An asset's recoverable amount
is the higher of an asset's or cash-generating unit's (CGU) net selling
price and its value in use. The recoverable amount is determined for an
individual asset, unless the asset does not generate cash inflows that
are largely independent of those from other assets or groups of assets.
Where the carrying amount of an asset or CGU exceeds its recoverable
amount, the asset is considered impaired and is written down to its
recoverable amount. In assessing value in use, the estimated future
cash flows are discounted to their present value using a pre-tax
discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time
value of money and the risks specific to the asset. In determining net
selling price, recent market transactions are taken into account, if
available. If no such transactions can be identified, an appropriate
valuation model is used.
The Company bases its impairment calculation on detailed budgets and
forecast calculations which are prepared separately for each of the
company's cash-generating units to which the individual assets are
allocated. These budgets and forecast calculations are generally
covering a period of five years. For longer periods, a long term growth
rate is calculated and applied to project future cash flows after the
fifth year.
After impairment, depreciation is provided on the revised carrying
amount of the asset over its remaining useful life.
An assessment is made at each reporting date as to whether there is any
indication that previously recognized impairment losses may no longer
exist or may have decreased. If such indication exists, the Company
estimates the asset's or cash-generating unit's recoverable amount. A
previously recognized impairment loss is reversed only if there has
been a change in the assumptions used to determine the asset's
recoverable amount since the last impairment loss was recognized. The
reversal is limited so that the carrying amount of the asset does not
exceed its recoverable amount, nor exceed the carrying amount that
would have been determined, net of depreciation, had no impairment loss
been recognized for the asset in prior years. Such reversal is
recognized in the statement of profit and loss unless the asset is
carried at a revalued amount, in which case the reversal is treated as
a revaluation increase.
j Investments
Investments that are readily realisable and intended to be held for not
more than a year are classified as current investments. All other
investments are classified as long-term investments. Current
investments are carried at lower of cost and fair value determined on
an individual investment basis. Long-term investments are carried at
cost. However, provision for diminution in value is made to recognise a
decline other than temporary in the value of the investments.
k Revenue recognition
Revenue is recognized to the extent that it is probable that the
economic benefits will flow to the company and the revenue can be
reliably measured. The following specific recognition criteria must
also be met before revenue is recognized:
Inpatient and Outpatient revenue
Inpatient and outpatient revenue is recognised as and when the services
are rendered.
Management fees
Management fee from hospitals and income from medical services is
recognised as per the terms of the agreement with respective hospitals.
Sale of traded goods - pharmacy items
Revenue from sale of pharmacy items are recognised as and when the
pharmacy items are sold to patients.
Interest
Revenue is recognised on a time proportion basis taking in to account
the amount outstanding and the rate applicable.
Income from Served from India Scheme (SFIS)
Income from SFIS is recognised based on a prescribed percentage of
foreign currency receipts on account of services rendered in accordance
with the Served from India Scheme. The credit under the scheme is
recognised only at the time when and to the extent there is no
significant uncertainty as to its measurability and ultimate
realisation.
l Foreign Currency Translation
i. Initial Recognition
Foreign currency transactions are recorded in the reporting currency,
by applying to the foreign currency amount the exchange rate between
the reporting currency and the foreign currency at the date of the
transaction.
ii. Conversion
Foreign currency monetary items are reported using the closing rate.
Non-monetary items which are carried in terms of historical cost
denominated in a foreign currency are reported using the exchange rate
at the date of the transaction and non-monetary items which are carried
at fair value or other similar valuation denominated in a foreign
currency are reported using the exchange rates that existed when the
values were determined.
iii. Exchange differences
From accounting periods commencing on or after December 7, 2006, the
company accounts for exchange differences arising on translation/
settlement of foreign currency monetary items as below:
1. Exchange differences arising on long-term foreign currency monetary
items related to acquisition of a fixed asset are capitalized and
depreciated over the remaining useful life of the asset. For this
purpose, the company treats a foreign monetary item as "long-term
foreign currency monetary item", if it has a term of 12 months or
more at the date of its origination.
2. Exchange differences arising on other long-term foreign currency
monetary items are accumulated in the "Foreign Currency Monetary Item
Translation Difference Account" and amortized over the remaining life
of the concerned monetary item.
3. All other exchange differences are recognized as income or as
expenses in the period in which they arise.
4. Exchange differences arising on the settlement of monetary items or
on reporting monetary items of the Company at rates different from
those at which they were initially recorded during the year, or
reported in previous financial statements, are recognised as income or
as expenses in the year in which they arise.
m Retirement and other employee benefits
i. Contribution to provident fund
Retirement benefit in the form of provident fund is a defined
contribution scheme. The contributions to the provident fund are
charged to the statement of profit and loss for the year when the
contributions are due. The Company has no obligation, other than the
contribution payable to the provident fund.
ii. Gratuity
Gratuity liability is a defined benefit obligation and is provided for
on the basis of an actuarial valuation made at the end of the year
using projected unit credit method.
iii. Compensated absences
Long term compensated absences are provided for based on actuarial
valuation made at the end of the year using projected unit credit
method.
Accumulated leave, which is expected to be utilized within the next 12
months, is treated as short- term employee benefit. The Company
measures the expected cost of such absences as the additional amount
that it expects to pay as a result of the unused entitlement that has
accumulated at the reporting date.
iv. Actuarial gains/losses
Actuarial gains/ losses on gratuity and long term compensated absences
are recognized in the profit and loss account as they occur.
n Taxes on Income
Tax expense comprises current and deferred tax. Current income tax is
measured at the amount and expected to be paid to the tax authorities
in accordance with the Indian Income Tax Act. Deferred income tax
reflects the impact of current year timing differences between taxable
income and accounting income for the year and reversal of timing
differences of earlier years.
Deferred tax is measured based on the tax rates and the tax laws
enacted or substantively enacted at the balance sheet date. Deferred
tax assets are recognised only to the extent that there is reasonable
certainty that sufficient future taxable income will be available
against which such deferred tax assets can be realised. Deferred tax
asset on unabsorbed depreciation or carry forward tax losses are
recognized only if there is virtual certainty supported by convincing
evidence that they can be realized against future taxable profits.
o Employee stock compensation cost
Employees (including senior executives) of the Company receive
remuneration in the form of share based payment transactions, whereby
employees render services as consideration for equity instruments
(equity-settled transactions).
In accordance with the SEBI (Employee Stock Option Scheme and Employee
Stock Purchase Scheme) Guidelines, 1999 and the Guidance Note on
Accounting for Employee Share-based Payments, the cost of
equity-settled transactions is measured using the intrinsic value
method and recognized, together with a corresponding increase in the
"Stock options outstanding account" in reserves. The cumulative
expense recognized for equity-settled transactions at each reporting
date until the vesting date reflects the extent to which the vesting
period has expired and the Company's best estimate of the number of
equity instruments that will ultimately vest. The expense or credit
recognized in the statement of profit and loss for a period represents
the movement in cumulative expense recognized as at the beginning and
end of that period and is recognized in employee benefits expense.
Where the terms of an equity-settled transaction award are modified,
the minimum expense recognized is the expense as if the terms had not
been modified, if the original terms of the award are met. An
additional expense is recognized for any modification that increases
the total intrinsic value of the share- based payment transaction, or
is otherwise beneficial to the employee as measured at the date of
modification.
p Earnings Per Share
Basic earnings per share are calculated by dividing the net profit or
loss for the year attributable to equity shareholders by the weighted
average number of equity shares outstanding during the year. The
weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year is
adjusted for events such as bonus issue, bonus element in a rights
issue, share split, and reverse share split (consolidation of shares)
that have changed the number of equity shares outstanding, without a
corresponding change in resources.
For the purpose of calculating diluted earnings per share, the net
profit or loss for the year attributable to equity shareholders and the
weighted average number of shares outstanding during the year are
adjusted for the effects of all dilutive potential equity shares.
q Provisions
A provision is recognised when an enterprise has a present obligation
as a result of past event and it is probable that an outflow of
resources will be required to settle the obligation, in respect of
which a reliable estimate can be made. Provisions are not discounted to
their present values and are determined based on management's estimate
of the amount required to settle the obligation at the balance sheet
date. These are reviewed at each balance sheet date and adjusted to
reflect the management's current estimates.
r Contingent liabilities
A contingent liability is a possible obligation that arises from past
events whose existence will be confirmed by the occurrence or
non-occurrence of one or more uncertain future events beyond the
control of the company or a present obligation that is not recognized
because it is not probable that an outflow of resources will be
required to settle the obligation. The Company does not recognize a
contingent liability but discloses its existence in the financial
statements.
s Cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents for the purposes of cash flow statement
comprise cash at bank and in hand and short-term investments with an
original maturity of three months or less.
t Measurement of EBITDA
As permitted by the Guidance Note on the Revised Schedule VI to the
Companies Act, 1956, the Company has elected to present earnings before
interest, tax, depreciation and amortization (EBITDA) as a separate
line item on the face of the statement of profit and loss. The Company
measures EBITDA on the basis of profit/ (loss) from continuing
operations. In its measurement, the Company does not include
depreciation and amortization expense, finance costs and tax expense.
Mar 31, 2011
1) Nature Of Operations:
The company was incorporated in the year 1989 to set up, manage and
operate a multi specialty hospital and it commenced its commercial
operations in year 1992. The company has become subsidiary of
International Hospital Limited from 1st October 2009.
2) Statement of Significant Accounting Policies:
(a) Basis for preparation of Accounts:
The financial statements has been prepared to comply in all material
respects in accordance with the Notified Accounting Standards by
Companies Accounting Standards Rules, 2006 and the relevant provisions
of the Companies Act, 1956. The financial statements have been prepared
under the historical cost convention on an accrual basis. The
accounting policies have been consistently applied by the Company and
except for the changes in accounting policy discussed more fully below,
are consistent with those used in the previous year.
(b) Use of estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally
accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates
and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and
liabilities and disclosure of contingent liabilities at the date of the
financial statements and the results of operations during the reporting
period end. Although these estimates are based upon managements best
knowledge of current events and actions, actual results could differ
from these estimates.
(c) Fixed Assets:
i) Fixed Assets are valued at cost less depreciation, financing cost
upto the date of commissioning of Assets are capitalised.
ii) Depreciation on major fixed assets excluding land is provided on
straight line method at the rates Prescribed in Schedule XIV of the
Companies Act 1956 and for the remaining assets at the rates prescribed
by the management.
(d) Revenue recognition:
Operating Income of the Hospital is recognized as and when the services
are rendered.
(e) Foreign Currency Transactions:
i) Foreign currency transactions are recorded in the reporting
currency, by applying to the foreign currency amount the exchange rate
between the reporting currency and the foreign currency at the date of
the transaction.
ii) Foreign currency monetary items are reported using the closing
rate. Non-monetary items that are carried in terms of historical cost
denominated in a foreign currency are reported using the exchange rate
at the date of the transaction.
iii) Exchange differences arising on the settlement of monetary items
or on reporting companys monetary items at rates different from those
at which they were initially recorded during the year, or reported in
previous financial statements are recognised as income or expense in
the year in which they arise in case of revenue transactions and
subtracted or added to the cost in the case of asset.
(f) Employee Benefits:
i) The Company makes contributions to statutory provident fund in
accordance with Employee Provident Fund and Miscellaneous Provisions
Act 1952. Provident Fund is a defined contribution scheme and the
contributions are charged to the profit and loss account of the year
when the contributions to the respective funds are due. There are no
other obligations other than the contribution payable to the fund.
ii) Gratuity liability is a defined benefit obligation and is provided
for on the basis of an actuarial valuation made by an independent
valuer at the end of the year.
iii) Leave encashment and compensated absences are provided for on the
basis of an actuarial valuation carried out by an independent valuer at
the end of the year.
iv) Actuarial gains/losses are recognised in the profit and loss
account as they occur.
(g) Provision for Current Tax and Deferred Tax Recognition:
i) Provision for current tax is made after taking into consideration
the benefits admissible under the provisions of IT Act 1961.
ii) Deferred tax resulting from timing differences between book &
taxable profits is accounted for using the tax rates and laws that have
been enacted on the balance sheet date.
iii) Deferred tax is recognized and carried forward only to the extent
that there is reasonable certainty; and in case of unabsorbed
depreciation and carried forward losses only to the extent that there
is virtual certainty supported by convincing evidence, that sufficient
future taxable income will be available against which such deferred tax
assets can be realized.
(h) Provisions:
A provision is recognized when an enterprise has a present obligation
as a result of past event and it is probable than an outflow of
resources will be required to settle the obligation, in respect of
which a reliable estimate can be made. Provisions are not discounted
to its present value and are determined based on best estimate required
to settle the obligation at the balance sheet date. These are reviewed
at each balance sheet date and adjusted to reflect the current best
estimates.
(i) Cash and Cash Equivalents:
Cash and cash equivalents in the cash flow statement comprise cash at
bank and in hand and short term investments with an original maturity
of three months or less.
Mar 31, 2010
(a) Basis for preparation of Accounts:
The financial statements has been prepared to comply in all material
respects in accordance with the Notifed Accounting Standards by
Companies Accounting Standards Rules, 2006 and the relevant provisions
of the Companies Act, 1956. The financial statements have been prepared
under the historical cost convention on an accrual basis. The
accounting policies have been consistently applied by the Company and
except for the changes in accounting policy discussed more fully below,
are consistent with those used in the previous year.
(b) Use of estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally
accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates
and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and
liabilities and disclosure of contingent liabilities at the date of the
financial statements and the results of operations during the reporting
period end. Although these estimates are based upon managementÃs best
knowledge of current events and actions, actual results could differ
from these estimates.
(c) Fixed Assets:
i) Fixed Assets are valued at cost less depreciation, fnancing cost
upto the date of commissioning of Assets are capitalised.
ii) Depreciation on major fxed assets excluding land is provided on
straight line method at the rates Prescribed in Schedule XIV of the
Companies Act 1956 and for the remaining assets at the rates prescribed
by the management.
(d) Revenue recognition:
Operating Income of the Hospital is recognized as and when the services
are rendered.
Till June 2009 Management fee from Radiology units is recognized as per
the terms of the agreement.
(e) Foreign Currency Transactions:
i) Foreign currency transactions are recorded in the reporting
currency, by applying to the
foreign currency amount the exchange rate between the reporting
currency and the foreign currency at the date of the transaction.
ii) Foreign currency monetary items are reported using the closing
rate. Non-monetary items that are carried in terms of historical cost
denominated in a foreign currency are reported using the exchange rate
at the date of the transaction.
iii) Exchange differences arising on the settlement of monetary items
or on reporting companyÃs monetary items at rates different from those
at which they were initially recorded during the year, or reported in
previous financial statements are recognised as income or expense in the
year in which they arise in case of revenue transactions and subtracted
or added to the cost in the case of asset.
(f) Employee Benefts:
i) The Company makes contributions to statutory provident fund in
accordance with Employee Provident Fund and Miscellaneous Provisions
Act 1952. Provident Fund is a defned contribution scheme and the
contributions are charged to the proft and loss account of the year
when the contributions to the respective funds are due. There are no
other obligations other than the contribution payable to the fund.
ii) Gratuity liability is a defned beneft obligation and is provided
for on the basis of an actuarial valuation made at the end of the year.
iii) Compensated absences are provided for on the basis of an actuarial
valuation carried out at the end of the year.
iv) Actuarial gains/losses are recognised in the proft and loss account
as they occur.
(g) Provision for Current Tax and Deferred Tax Recognition:
i) Provision for current tax is made after taking into consideration
the benefts admissible under the provisions of IT Act 1961.
ii) Deferred tax resulting from timing differences between book &
taxable profts is accounted for using the tax rates and laws that have
been enacted on the balance sheet date.
iii) Deferred tax is recognized and carried forward only to the extent
that there is reasonable certainty; and in case of unabsorbed
depreciation and carried forward losses only to the extent that there
is virtual certainty supported by convincing evidence, that suffcient
future taxable income will be available against which such deferred tax
assets can be realized.
(h) Provisions:
A provision is recognized when an enterprise has a present obligation
as a result of past event and it is probable than an outfow of
resources will be required to settle the obligation, in respect of
which a reliable estimate can be made. Provisions are not discounted to
its present value and are determined based on best estimate required to
settle the obligation at the balance sheet date. These are reviewed at
each balance sheet date and adted to refect the current best estimates.
(i) Cash and Cash Equivalents:
Cash and cash equivalents in the cash fow statement comprise cash at
bank and in hand and short term investments with an original maturity
of three months or less.
Mar 31, 2000
I. Fixed Assets are valued at cost iess depreciation; financing cost
upto the date of commissioning of assets are capitalised.
ii. Depreciation on all fixed assets excluding land is provided on
straight line method at the rates prescribed in Scheduled XIV of the
Companies Act, 1956.
iii. Inventories of consumables and pharmacy stores are physically
verified and valued at lower of the cost or net realisable value at the
end of the accounting period.
iv. Foreign Exchange loans are converted and carried in Indian Rupees.
Under the Exchange Risk Administration Scheme, fluctuations in exchange
are covered.
v. Miscellaneous Expenditure
a. Deferred Revenue Expenditure other than those given in clause (c)
is written off over a period of Eight years.
b. Share issue expense and preliminary Expenses are written off over a
period of Ten years.
c. In the case of Interest for Medical Equipments and Computers, the
company recognises only that portion attributable to the beds capacity
in existence and treats the rest of the portion under the head Deferred
Revenue expenditure to be absorbed against future earnings. The company
recognises the whole of interest for land acquired for expansion as
deferred revenue expenditure to be absorbed against future earnings.
The said expenditure will be written off over a period of 5 years from
the year of completion of the additional beds.
vi. The liability for gratuity in the case of death or resignation of
employee will be accounted in the year of payment.
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