Accounting Policies of EMA India Ltd. Company

Mar 31, 2024

SIGN IFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

(a) SYSTEM OF ACCOUNTING
Compliance with Ind AS

The financial statement comply in all material aspects with Indian Accounting Standards (Ind AS) notified under section
133 of the Companies Act, 2013 ( the Act) (Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015) and other relevant
provisions of the Act. The financial statements up to the year ended March 31 2017 were prepared in accordance with the
accounting standards notified under Companies (Accounting Standards )Rules, 2006 (as amended ) and other relevant
provisions of the Act. These financial statements are the first financial statements of the Company under IND AS.

The Financial Statements of the Company are prepared under the historical cost convention in accordance with Generally
Accepted Accounting Principles and other pronouncements of the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India. The
Company follows the mercantile system of accounting & recognizes income & expenditure on accrual basis except in
respect of following where the exact quantum cannot be ascertained:

(i) Claims lodged against and / or by the Company.

(ii) Discounts allowed to customers on confirmation /
settlement.

(iii) Government Taxes and other statutory dues except otherwi se specified.

(b) USE OF ESTIMATES

The presentation of financial statements requires estimates and assumptions to be made that affect the reported amount of
assets and liabilities on the date of the financial statements and the reported amount of revenues and expenses during the
reporting period. Difference between the actual results and estimates are recognized in the period in which the results are
known / materialized.

(c) OWNED FIXED ASSETS

Tangible assets are stated at cost net of tax/duty credit availed, if any, less accumulated depreciation. Cost represents
cost of acquisition inclusive of inward freight and incidental expenses related to acquisition and adjustments arising from
foreign exchange rate variations, if any. Intangible assets (Technical know how) are stated at cost of acquisition less
accumulated depreciation. TRANSITION TO IND AS

On transition to Ind AS , the company has elected to continue with the carrying value of all of its property , plant and
equipment as well as all of its intangible assets recognised as at April 1, 2016 measured as per the previous GAAP and
use that carrying value as the deemed cost of the property , plant , equipment and intangible assets.

(d) DEPRECIATION & AMORTISATION

Leasehold Land is amortized over the period of lease. Depreciation on other Tangible Assets is provided for on straight¬
line method as per their useful lives specified in Schedule II of the Companies Act, 2013 .

(e) INVESTMENTS AND OTHER FINANCIAL ASSETS

The company classifies its financial assets in the following measurement categories.

(i) Those to be measured subsequently at fair value (either through other comprehensive income , or through
profit or loss) , and

(ii) Those measured at amortised cost.

For assets measured at fair value , gains and losses will either be recorded in profit or loss or other comprehensive
income. For investments, in equity or debt instruments, this will depend on whether the company has made an irrevocable
election at the time of initial recognition to account for the equity or debt investment at fair value through other
comprehensive income.

The classification depends on the contractual terms of cash flows and how the entity manages the financial assets .

(f) INVENTORIES

Inventories are valued at Lower of Cost or Net Realizable Value. Cost of raw material & components and stores & spare
parts are determined on weighted average basis. Cost of material is arrived at after adjustment of, where applicable, any
duty / VAT credit availed or to be availed. Work in process are valued at direct cost. Finished goods are valued at lower
of cost or net realizable value. Cost includes related overhead and excise duty Payable for such goods whereever applicable.

(g) SALES

Revenue from sales is recognized upon despatch to customers. Sales (net of returns) are inclusive of packing charges and
exchange variations arising out of export sales transactions but excluding Sales Tax/VAT.

(h) RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT

Expenditure related to capital items is debited to fixed assets and depreciated at applicable rates. Revenue expenditure is
charged to Profit and Loss Account of the year in which they are incurred.

(i) FOREIGN CURRENCY TRANSACTIONS

Monetary assets and liabilities related to foreign currency transactions remaining unsettled at the end of the year are
translated at year end rates. The difference in translation of monetary assets & liabilities and realized gains & losses on
foreign exchange transactions other than those relating to fixed assets are recognized in the Profit and Loss Account.
Exchange differences in respect of liabilities incurred to acquire fixed assets are adjusted in the cost of such fixed assets.

(j) EMPLOYEE BENEFITS

(i) Short Term Employee Benefits are recognized as an expense at the undiscounted amount in the Profit & Loss A/c of the
year in which the related service is rendered.

(ii) Short term liability for accumulated earned leave encashment Payable to employees at the end of the year provided for.

(iii) Post retirement and other long term benefits are recognized as an expense in the Profit & Loss A/c for the year in which
Employee has rendered services. The expense is recognized at the present value of amount Payable determine using acturial
valuation.

(k) BORROWING COSTS

Borrowing costs attributable to the acquisition or construction of qualifying assets are capitalized
as part of the cost of such assets. A qualifying asset is one that necessarily takes substantial period
of time to get ready for intended use. All other borrowing costs are charged to revenue.

(l) DEFERRED REVENUE EXPENDITURE

(i) The design and development cost paid is treated as Deferred Revenue Expenditure to be
written off in six equal installments.

(ii) Compensation paid to employees taking voluntary retirement is treated as Deferred Revenue
Expenditur e to be writte n off in five equal installments.

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Mar 31, 2019

(a) SYSTEM OF ACCOUNTING Compliance with Ind AS

The financial statement comply in all material aspects with Indian Accounting Standards (Ind AS) notified under section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013 ( the Act) (Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015) and other relevant provisions of the Act. The financial statements up to the year ended March 31 2017 were prepared in accordance with the accounting standards notified under Companies (Accounting Standards )Rules, 2006 (as amended ) and other relevant provisions of the Act. These financial statements are the first financial statements of the Company under IND AS.

The Financial Statements of the Company are prepared under the historical cost convention in accordance with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles and other pronouncements of the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India. The Company follows the mercantile system of accounting & recognizes income & expenditure on accrual basis except in respect of following where the exact quantum cannot be ascertained:(i) Claims lodged against and / or by the Company.

(ii) Discounts allowed to customers on confirmation / settlement.

(iii) Government Taxes and other statutory dues except otherwise specified.

(b) USE OF ESTIMATES

The presentation of financial statements requires estimates and assumptions to be made that affect the reported amount of assets and liabilities on the date of the financial statements and the reported amount of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Difference between the actual results and estimates are recognized in the period in which the results are known / materialized.

(c) OWNED FIXED ASSETS

Tangible assets are stated at cost net of tax/duty credit availed, if any, less accumulated depreciation. Cost represents cost of acquisition inclusive of inward freight and incidental expenses related to acquisition and adjustments arising from foreign exchange rate variations, if any. Intangible assets (Technical knowhow) are stated at cost of acquisition less accumulated depreciation. TRANSITION TO IND AS on transition to IndAS , the company has elected to continue with the carrying value of all of its property , plant and equipment as well as all of its intangible assets recognized as at April 1, 2016 measured as per the previous GAAP and use that carrying value as the deemed cost of the property , plant , equipment and intangible assets.

(d) DEPRECIATION & AMORTISATION

Leasehold Land is amortized over the period of lease. Depreciation on other Tangible Assets is provided for on straight-line method as per their useful lives specified in Schedule II of the Companies Act, 2013.

(e) INVESTMENTS AND OTHER FINANCIAL ASSETS

The company classifies its financial assets in the following measurement categories.

(I) Those to be measured subsequently at fair value (either through other comprehensive income, or through profit or loss) , and

(ii) Those measured at amortized cost.

For assets measured at fair value, gains and losses will either be recorded in profit or loss or other comprehensive income. For investments, in equity or debt instruments, this will depend on whether the company has made an irrevocable election at the time of initial recognition to account for the equity or debt investment at fair value through other comprehensive income. The classification depends on the contractual terms of cash flows and how the entity manages the financial assets.

(f) INVENTORIES

Inventories are valued at Lower of Cost or Net Realizable Value. Cost of raw material & components and stores & spare parts are determined on weighted average basis. Cost of material is arrived at after adjustment of, where applicable, any duty / VAT credit availed or to be availed. Work in process are valued at direct cost. Finished goods are valued at lower of cost or net realizable value. Cost includes related overhead and excise duty Payable for such goods wherever applicable.

(g) SALES

Revenue from sales is recognized upon despatch to customers. Sales (net of returns) are inclusive of packing charges and exchange variations arising out of export sales transactions but excluding Sales Tax/VAT.

(h) RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT

Expenditure related to capital items is debited to fixed assets and depreciated at applicable rates. Revenue expenditure is charged to Profit and Loss Account of the year in which they are incurred.

(i) FOREIGN CURRENCY TRANSACTIONS

Monetary assets and liabilities related to foreign currency transactions remaining unsettled at the end of the year are translated at year end rates. The difference in translation of monetary assets & liabilities and realized gains & losses on foreign exchange transactions other than those relating to fixed assets are recognized in the Profit and Loss Account. Exchange differences in respect of liabilities incurred to acquire fixed assets are adjusted in the cost of such fixed assets.

(j) EMPLOYEE BENEFITS

(I) Short Term Employee Benefits are recognized as an expense at the undiscounted amount in the Profit & Loss A/c of the year in which the related service is rendered.(ii) Short term liability for accumulated earned leave encashment Payable to employees at the end of the year provided for.(iii) Post retirement and other long term benefits are recognized as an expense in the Profit & Loss A/c for the year in which Employee has rendered services. The expense is recognized at the present value of amount Payable determine using acturial valuation.

(k) BORROWING COSTS

Borrowing costs attributable to the acquisition or construction of qualifying assets are capitalized as part of the cost of such assets. A qualifying asset is one that necessarily takes substantial period of time to get ready for intended use. All other borrowing costs are charged to revenue.

(l) DEFERRED REVENUE EXPENDITURE

(I) The design and development cost paid is treated as Deferred Revenue Expenditure to be written off in six equal installments.(ii) Compensation paid to employees taking voluntary retirement is treated as Deferred Revenue Expenditure to be written off in five equal installments.

(m) PROVISION FOR CURRENT & DEFERRED TAX

Provision for current tax is made after taking into consideration benefits admissible under the provisions of the Income Tax Act, 1961 and based on the expected outcome of assessments / appeals in Company''s cases. Deferred tax resulting from “timing difference” between book and taxable profit is accounted for using the tax rates & laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted as on the Balance Sheet date. The deferred tax asset is recognized and carried forward only to the extent that there is a reasonable certainty that the assets will be realized in future. The effect of tax rate change is considered in the Profit & Loss Account of the respective year of change.

(n) PROVISIONS, CONTINGENT LIABILITIES AND CONTINGENT ASSETS

Provisions are recognized only when there is a present obligation as a result of past events and when a reliable estimate of the amount of the obligation can be made. Contingent liabilities (if material) are disclosed by way of Notes to Accounts. Contingent Assets are not recognized in the financial statements since this may result in the recognition of income that may never be realized.

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Mar 31, 2014

(a) SYSTEM OF ACCOUNTING

The Financial Statements of the Company are prepared under the historical cost convention in accordance with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles and Applicable Accounting Standards as notified by the Central Government of India U/s 211(3C) of the Companies Act, 1956 and other pronouncements of the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India. The Company follows the mercantile system of accounting & recognizes income & expenditure on accrual basis except in respect of following where the exact quantum cannot be ascertained:

(i) Claims lodged against and/or by the Company.

(ii) Discounts allowed to customers on confirmation / settlement.

(iii) Government Taxes and other statutory dues except otherwise specified.

(b) USE OF ESTIMATES

The presentation of financial statements requires estimates and assumptions to be made that affect the reported amount of assets and liabilities on the date of the financial statements and the reported amount of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Difference between the actual results and estimates are recognized in the period in which the results are known / materialized.

(c) OWN ED FIXED ASSETS

Tangible assets are stated at cost net of tax/duty credit availed, if any, less accumulated depreciation. Cost represents cost of acquisition inclusive of inward freight and incidental expenses related to acquisition and adjustments arising from foreign exchange rate variations, if any. Intangible assets (Technical know how) are stated at cost of acquisition less accumulated amortization.

(d) DEPRECIATION & AMORTISATION

Leasehold Land is amortized over the period of lease. Depreciation on other Tangible Assets is provided for on straight-line method as per rates specified in Schedule XIV of the Companies Act, 1956 as amended upto date

(e) INVESTMENTS

Long Term Investments are accounted for at Cost. Any decline other than temporary in the value of long-term investment is adjusted in the carrying cost of such investment.

(f) INVENTORIES

Inventories are valued at Lower of Cost or Net Realizable Value. Cost of raw material & components and stores & spare parts are determined on weighted average basis. Cost of material is arrived at after adjustment of, where applicable, any duty / VAT credit availed or to be availed. Work in process are valued at direct cost. Finished goods are valued at lower of cost or net realizable value. Cost includes related overhead and excise duty Payable for such goods wherever applicable.

(g) SALES

Revenue from sales is recognized upon despatch to customers. Sales (net of returns) are inclusive of packing charges and exchange variations arising out of export sales transactions but excluding Sales Tax/VAT.

(h) RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT

Expenditure related to capital items is debited to fixed assets and depreciated at applicable rates, Revenue expenditure is charged to Profit and Loss Account of the year in which they are incurred.

(i) FOREIGN CURRENCY TRANSACTIONS

Monetary assets and liabilities related to foreign currency transactions remaining unsettled at the end of the year are translated at year end rates. The difference in translation of monetary assets & liabilities and realized gains & losses on foreign exchange transactions other than those relating to fixed assets are recognized in the Profit and Loss Account. Exchange differences in respect of liabilities incurred to acquire fixed assets are adjusted in the cost of such fixed assets.

(j) EMPLOYEE BENEFITS

(i) Short Term Employee Benefits are recognized as an expense at the undiscounted amount in the Profit & Loss A/c of the year in which the related service is rendered.

(ii) Short term liability for accumulated earned leave encashment Payable to employees at the end of the year provided for.

(iii) Post retirement and other long term benefits are recognized as an expense in the Profit & Loss A/c for the year in which Employee has rendered services. The expense is recognized at the present value of amount Payable determine using acturial valuation.

(k) BORROWING COSTS

Borrowing costs attributable to the acquisition or construction of qualifying assets are capitalized as part of the cost of such assets. A qualifying asset is one that necessarily takes substantial period of time to get ready for intended use. All other borrowing costs are charged to revenue.

(l) DEFERRED REVENUE EXPENDITURE

(i) The design and development cost paid is treated as Deferred Revenue Expenditure to be written off in six equal installments.

(ii) Compensation paid to employees taking voluntary retirement is treated as Deferred Revenue Expenditure to be written off in five equal installments.

(m) PROVISION FOR CURRENT & DEFERRED TAX

Provision for current tax is made after taking into consideration benefits admissible under the provisions of the Income Tax Act, 1961 and based on the expected outcome of assessments/appeals in Company''s cases. Deferred tax resulting from "timing difference" between book and taxable profit is accounted for using the tax rates & laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted as on the Balance Sheet date. The deferred tax asset is recognized and carried forward only to the extent that there is a reasonable certainty that the assets will be realized in future. The effect of tax rate change is considered in the Profit & Loss Account of the respective year of change.

(n) PROVISIONS, CONTINGENT LIABILITIES AND CONTINGENT ASSETS

Provisions are recognized only when there is a present obligation as a result of past events and when a reliable estimate of the amount of the obligation can be made. Contingent liabilities (if material) are disclosed by way of Notes to Accounts. Contingent Assets are not recognized in the financial statements since this may result in the recognition of income that may never be realized.

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Mar 31, 2013

(a) SYSTEM OF ACCOUNTING

The Financial Statements of the Company are prepared under the historical cost convention in accordance with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles and Applicable Accounting Standards as notified by the Central Government of India U/s 211(3C) of the Companies Act, 1956 and other pronouncements of the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India. The Company follows the mercantile system of accounting & recognizes income & expenditure on accrual basis except in respect of following where the exact quantum cannot be ascertained:

(i) Claims lodged against and / or by the Company.

(ii) Discounts allowed to customers on confirmation / settlement.

(iii) Government Taxes and other statutory dues except otherwise specified.

(b) USE OF ESTIMATES

The presentation of financial statements requires estimates and assumptions to be made that affect the reported amount of assets and liabilities on the date of the financial statements and the reported amount of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Difference between the actual results and estimates are recognized in the period in which the results are known / materialized.

(c) OWNED FIXED ASSETS

Tangible assets are stated at cost net of tax/duty credit availed, if any, less accumulated depreciation. Cost represents cost of acquisition inclusive of inward freight and incidental expenses related to acquisition and adjustments arising from foreign exchange rate variations, if any. Intangible assets (Technical know how) are stated at cost of acquisition less accumulated amortization.

(d) DEPRECIATION & AMORTISATION

Leasehold Land is amortized over the period of lease. Depreciation on other Tangible Assets is provided for on straight-line method as per rates specified in Schedule XIV of the Companies Act, 1956 as amended upto date.

(e) INVESTMENTS

Long Term Investments are accounted for at Cost. Any decline other than temporary in the value of long-term investment is adjusted in the carrying cost of such investment.

(f) INVENTORIES

Inventories are valued at Lower of Cost or Net Realizable Value. Cost of raw material & components and stores & spare parts are determined on weighted average basis. Cost of material is arrived at after adjustment of, where applicable, any duty / VAT credit availed or to be availed. Work in process are valued at direct cost. Finished goods are valued at lower of cost or net realizable value. Cost includes related overhead and excise duty payable for such goods wherever applicable.

(g) SALES

Revenue from sales is recognized upon despatch to customers. Sales (net of returns) are inclusive of packing charges and exchange variations arising out of export sales transactions but excluding Sales TaxA/AT

(h) RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT

Expenditure related to capital items is debited to fixed assets and depreciated at applicable rates. Revenue expenditure is charged to Statement of Profit and Loss of the year in which they are incurred.

(i) FOREIGN CURRENCY TRANSACTIONS

Monetary assets and liabilities related to foreign currency transactions remaining unsettled at the end of the year are translated at year end rates. The difference in translation of monetary assets & liabilities and realized gains & losses on foreign exchange transactions other than those relating to fixed assets are recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss. Exchange differences in respect of liabilities incurred to acquire fixed assets are adjusted in the cost of such fixed assets.

G) EMPLOYEE BENEFITS

(i) Short Term Employee Benefits are recognized as an expense at the undiscounted amount in the Statement of Profit &Loss of the year in which the related service is rendered.

(ii) Short term liability for accumulated earned leave encashment payable to employees at the end of the year provided for.

(iii) Post retirement and other long term benefits are recognized as an expense in the Statement of Profit & Loss for the year in which Employee has rendered services. The expense is recognized at the present value of amount payable determine using acturial valuation.

(k) BORROWING COSTS

Borrowing costs attributable to the acquisition or construction of qualifying assets are capitalized as part of the cost of such assets. A qualifying asset is one that necessarily takes substantial period of time to get ready for intended use. All other borrowing costs are charged to revenue.

(I) DEFERRED REVENUE EXPENDITURE

(i) The design and development cost paid is treated as Deferred Revenue Expenditure to be written off in six equal installments.

(ii) Compensation paid to employees taking voluntary retirement is treated as Deferred Revenue Expenditure to be written off in five equal installments.

(m) PROVISION FOR CURRENT & DEFERRED TAX

Provision for current tax is made after taking into consideration benefits admissible under the provisions of the Income Tax Act, 1961 and based on the expected outcome of assessments / appeals in Company''s cases. Deferred tax resulting from "timing difference" between book and taxable profit is accounted for using the tax rates & laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted as on the Balance Sheet date. The deferred tax asset is recognized and carried forward only to the extent that there is a reasonable certainty that the assets will be realized in future. The effect of tax rate change is considered in the Statement of Profit & Loss of the respective year of change.

(n) PROVISIONS, CONTINGENT LIABILITIES AND CONTINGENT ASSETS

Provisions are recognized only when there is a present obligation as a result of past events and when a reliable estimate of the amount of the obligation can be made. Contingent liabilities (if material) are disclosed by way of Notes to Accounts. Contingent Assets are not recognized in the financial statements since this may result in the recognition of income that may never be realized.

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Mar 31, 2012

(a) SYSTEM OF ACCOUNTING The Financial Statements of the Company are prepared under the historical cost convention in accordance with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles and Applicable Accounting Standards as notified by the Central Government of India U/s 211 (3C) of the Companies Act, 1956 and other pronouncements of the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India. The Company follows the mercantile system of accounting and recognizes income and expenditure on accrual basis except in respect of following where the exact quantum cannot be ascertained: (i) Claims lodged against and/or by the Company. (ii) Discounts allowed to customers on confirmation/settlement. (iii) Government Taxes and other statutory dues except otherwise specified. (b) USE OF ESTIMATES The presentation of financial statements requires estimates and assumptions to be made that affect the reported amount of assets and liabilities on the date of the financial statements and the reported amount of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Difference between the actual results and estimates are recognized in the period in which the results are known / materialized. (c) OWNER FIXED ASSETS Tangible assets are stated at cost not of tax/duty credit availed, if any, less accumulated depreciation. Cost represents cost of acquisition inclusive of inward freight and incidental expenses related to acquisition and adjustments arising from foreign exchange rate variations, if any. Intangible assets (Technical know how) are stated at cost of acquisition less accumulated amortization. (d) DEPRECIATION & AMORTISATION Leasehold Land is amortized over the period of lease. Depreciation on other Tangible Assets is provided for on straight-line method as per rates specified in Schedule XIV of the Companies Act, 1956 as amended upto date. (e) INVESTMENTS Long Term Investments are accounted for at Cost. Any decline other than temporary in the value of long-term investment is adjusted in the carrying cost of such investment. (f) INVENTORIES Inventories are valued at Lower of Cost or Net Realizable Value. Cost of raw material & components and stores & spare parts are determined on weighted average basis. Cost of material is arrived at after adjustment of, where applicable, any duty / VAT credit availed or to be availed. work in process are valued at direct cost. Finished goods are valued at lower of cost or net realizable value. Cost includes related overhead and excise duty payable for such goods wherever applicable. (g) SALES Revenue from sales is recognized upon despatch to customers. Sales (net of returns) are inclusive of packing charges and exchange variations arising out of export sales transactions but excluding Sales Tax/VAT. (h) RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT Expenditure related to capital items is debited to fixed assets and depreciated at applicable rates. Revenue expenditure is charged to Profit and Loss Account of the year in which they are incurred. (i) FOREIGN CURRENCY TRANSACTIONS Monetary assets and liabilities related to foreign currency transactions remaining unsettled at the end of the year are translated at year end rates. The difference in translation of monetary assets and liabilities and realized gains and losses on foreign exchange transactions other than those relating to fixed assets are recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss Account. Exchange differences in respect of liabilities incurred to acquire fixed assets are adjusted in the cost of such fixed assets. (j) EMPLOYEE BENEFITS (i) Short Term Employee Benefits are recognized as an expense at the undiscounted amount in the Statement of Profit & Loss of the Year in which the related Service is rendered.

(ii) Short term liability for accumulated earned leave encashment payable to employees at the end of the year provided for.

(iii) Post retirement and other long term benefits are recognized as an expense in the Statement of Profit & Loss for the year in which Employee has rendered services. The expense is recognized at the present value of amount payable using acturial valuation. (k) BORROWING COSTS Borrowing costs attributable to the acquisition or construction of qualifying assets are capitalized as part of the cost of such assets. A qualifying asset is one that necessarily takes substantial period of time to get ready for intended use. All other borrowing costs are charged to revenue. (l) DEFERRED REVENUE EXPENDITURE (a) The design and development cost paid is treated as Deferred Revenue Expenditure to be written off in six equal installments. (b) Compensation paid to employees taking voluntary retirement is treated as Deferred Revenue Expenditure to be written off in five equal installments. (m) PROVISION FOR CURRENT & DEFERRED TAX Provision for current tax is made after taking into consideration benefits admissible under the provisions of the Income Tax Act, 1961 and based on the expected outcome of assessments / appeals in Company's cases. Deferred tax resulting from timing difference between book and taxable profit is accounted for using the tax rates & laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted as on the Balance Sheet date. The deferred tax asset is recognized and carried forward only to the extent that there is a reasonable certainty that the assets will be realized in future. The effect of tax rate change is considered in the Statement of Profit & Loss Account of the respective year of change. (n) PROVISIONS, CONTINGENT LIABILITIES AND CONTINGENT ASSETS Provisions are recognized only when there is a present obligation as a result of past events and when a reliable estimate of the amount of the obligation can be made. Contingent Liabilities (if material) are disclosed by way of Notes to Accounts. Contingent Assets are not recognized in the financial statements since this may result in the recognition of income that may never be realized.

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Mar 31, 2011

(a) SYSTEM OF ACCOUNTING

The Financial Statements of the Company are prepared under the historical cost convention in accordance with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles and Applicable Accounting Standards as notified by the Central Government of India U/s 211 (3C) of the Companies Act, 1956 and other pronouncements of the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India. The Company follows the mercantile system of accounting and recognizes income and expenditure on accrual basis except in respect of following where the exact quantum cannot be ascertained:

(i) Claims lodged against and/or by the Company.

(ii) Discounts allowed to customers on confirmation/settlement.

(iii) Payment of Government taxes and other statutory dues except otherwise specified.

(b) USE OF ESTIMATES

The presentation of financial statements requires estimates and assumptions to be made that affect the reported amount of assets and liabilities on the date of the financial statements and the reported amount of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Difference between the actual results and estimates are recognized in the period in which the results are known / materialized.

(c) FIXED ASSETS

Fixed assets are stated at cost net of tax/duty credit availed, if any, less accumulated depreciation. Cost represents cost of acquisition inclusive of inward freight and incidental expenses related to acquisition and adjustments arising from foreign exchange rate variations, if any. Intangible assets (Technical know how) are stated at cost of acquisition less accumulated amortization.

(d) DEPRECIATION

Leasehold Land is amortized over the period of lease. Depreciation on other Fixed Assets is provided for on straight-line method as per rates specified in Schedule XIV of the Companies Act, 1956 as amended upto date.

(e) INVESTMENTS

Long Term Investments are accounted for at Cost. Any decline other than temporary in the value of long-term investment is adjusted in the carrying cost of such investment.

(f) INVENTORIES

Inventories are valued at Lower of Cost or Net Realizable Value. Cost of raw material & components, stores & spare parts are determined on weighted average basis. Cost of material is arrived at after adjustment of, where applicable, any duty / VAT credit availed or to be availed. Goods in process are valued at direct cost. Finished goods are valued at lower of cost or net realizable value. Cost includes related overhead and excise duty payable for such goods wherever applicable.

(g) SALES

Revenue from sales is recognized upon despatch to customers. Sales (net of returns) are inclusive of packing charges and exchange variations arising out of export sales transactions but excluding Sales Tax/VAT.

(h) RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT

Expenditure related to capital items is debited to fixed assets and depreciated at applicable rates. Revenue expenditure is charged to Profit and Loss Account of the year in which they are incurred.

(i) FOREIGN CURRENCY TRANSACTIONS

Monetary assets and liabilities related to foreign currency transactions remaining unsettled at the end of the year are translated at year end rates. The difference in translation of monetary assets and liabilities and realized gains and losses on foreign exchange transactions other than those relating to fixed assets are recognized in the Profit and Loss Account. Exchange differences in respect of liabilities incurred to acquire fixed assets are adjusted in the cost of such fixed assets.

(j) EMPLOYEE RETIREMENT BENEFITS

Company's contribution to Superannuation Scheme under Group Superannuation Scheme Policy with Life Insurance Corporation of India is charged to Profit & Loss A/c. Company's liability under Group Gratuity Cash Accumulation Policy with Life Insurance Corporation of India is provided for based on actuarial valuation made by Life Insurance Corporation of India. Company's contribution to Provident Fund, determined under the relevant scheme, is charged to Revenue. Short term Liability for accumulated earned leave encashment payable to employees at the end of the year is provided for.

(k) BORROWING COSTS

Borrowing costs attributable to the acquisition or construction of qualifying assets are capitalized as part of the cost of such assets. A qualifying asset is one that necessarily takes substantial period of time to get ready for intended use. All other borrowing costs are charged to revenue.

(l) DEFERRED REVENUE EXPENDITURE

(a) The design and development cost paid is treated as Deferred Revenue Expenditure to be written off in six equal installments.

(b) Compensation paid to employees taking voluntary retirement is treated as Deferred Revenue Expenditure to be written off in five equal installments.

(m) TAXES ON INCOME

Provision for current tax is made after taking into consideration benefits admissible under the provisions of the Income Tax Act, 1961 and based on the expected outcome of assessments / appeals in Company's cases. Deferred tax resulting from "timing difference" between book and taxable profit is accounted for using the tax rates & laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted as on the Balance Sheet date. The deferred tax asset is recognized and carried forward only to the extent that there is a reasonable certainty that the assets will be realized in future. The effect of tax rate change is considered in the Profit & Loss Account of the respective year of change.

(n) PROVISIONS, CONTINGENT LIABILITIES AND CONTINGENT ASSETS

Provisions are recognized only when there is a present obligation as a result of past events and when a reliable estimate of the amount of the obligation can be made. Contingent Liabilities (if material) are disclosed by way of Notes to Accounts. Contingent Assets are not recognized in the financial statements since this may result in the recognition of income that may never be realized.

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Mar 31, 2010

(a) SYSTEM OF ACCOUNTING

The Financial Statements of the Company are prepared under the historical cost convention in accordance with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles and applicable Accounting Standards as notified by the Central Government of India U/s 211(3C) of the Companies Act, 1956 and other pronouncements of the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India. The Company follows the mercantile system of accounting and recognizes income and expenditure on accrual basis except in respect of following where the exact quantum cannot be ascertained:

(i) Claims lodged against and/or by the Company.

(ii) Discounts allowed to customers on confirmation/settlement.

(iii) Payment of Government taxes and other statutory dues except otherwise specified.

(b) USE OF ESTIMATES

The presentation of financial statements requires estimates and assumptions to be made that affect the reported amount of assets and liabilities on the date of the financial statements and the reported amount of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Difference between the actual results and estimates are recognized in the period in which the results are known / materialized.

(c) FIXED ASSETS

Fixed assets are stated at cost net of tax/duty credit availed, if any, less accumulated depreciation. Cost represents cost of acquisition inclusive of inward freight and incidental expenses related to acquisition and adjustments arising from foreign exchange rate variations, if any. Intangible assets (Technical know how) are stated at cost of acquisition less accumulated amortization.

(d) DEPRECIATION

Leasehold Land is amortized over the period of lease. Depreciation on other Fixed Assets is provided for on straight-line method as per rates specified in Schedule XIV of the Companies Act, 1956 as amended upto date.

(e) INVESTMENTS

Long Term Investments are accounted for at Cost. Any decline other than temporary, in the value of long-term investment is adjusted in the carrying cost of such investment.

(f) INVENTORIES

Inventories are valued at Lower of Cost or Net Realizable Value. Cost of raw material & components, stores & spare parts are determined on weighted average basis. Cost of material is arrived at after adjustment of, where applicable, any duty / VAT credit availed or to be availed. Goods in process are valued at direct cost. Finished goods are valued at lower of cost or net realizable value. Cost includes related overhead and excise duty payable for such goods wherever applicable.

(g) SALES

Revenue from sales is recognized upon despatch to customers. Sales (net of returns) are inclusive of packing charges and exchange variations arising out of export sales transactions but excluding Sales Tax/VAT.

(h) RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT

Expenditure related to capital items is debited to fixed assets and depreciated at applicable rates. Revenue expenditure is charged to Profit and Loss Account of the year in which they are incurred.

(i) FOREIGN CURRENCY TRANSACTIONS

Monetary assets and liabilities related to foreign currency transactions remaining unsettled at the end of the year are translated at year end rates. The difference in translation of monetary assets and liabilities and realized gains and losses on foreign exchange transactions other than those relating to fixed assets are recognized in the Profit and Loss Account. Exchange differences in respect of liabilities incurred to acquire fixed assets are adjusted in the cost of such fixed assets.

0) EMPLOYEE RETIREMENT BENEFITS

Companys contribution to Superannuation Scheme under Group Superannuation Scheme Policy with Life Insurance Corporation of India is charged to Profit & Loss A/c. Companys liability under Group Gratuity Cash Accumulation Policy with Life Insurance Corporation of India is provided for based on actuarial valuation made by LIC of India. Companys contribution to Provident Fund, determined under the relevant scheme, is charged to Revenue, Short term Liability for accumulated earned leave encashment payable to employees at the end of the year is provided for.

(k) BORROWING COSTS

Borrowing costs attributable to the acquisition or construction of qualifying assets are capitalized as part of the cost of such assets. A qualifying asset is one that necessarily takes substantial period of time to get ready for intended use. All other borrowing costs are charged to revenue.

(l) DEFERRED REVENUE EXPENDITURE

(a) The design and development cost paid is treated as Deferred Revenue Expenditure to be written off in six equal installments.

(b) Compensation paid to employees taking voluntary retirement is treated as Deferred Revenue Expenditure to be written off in five equal installments.

(m) TAXES ON INCOME

Provision for current tax is made after taking into consideration benefits admissible under the provisions of the Income Tax Act, 1961 and based on the expected outcome of assessments / appeals in Companys cases. Deferred tax resulting from Timing difference" between book and taxable profit is accounted for using the tax rates & laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted as on the Balance Sheet date. The deferred tax asset is recognized and carried forward only to the extent that there is a reasonable certainty that the assets will be realized in future. The effect of tax rate change is considered in the Profit & Loss Account of the respective year of change.

(n) PROVISIONS, CONTINGENT LIABILITIES AND CONTINGENT ASSETS

Provisions are recognized only when there is a present obligation as a result of past events and when a reliable estimate of the amount of the obligation can be made. Contingent liabilities (if material) are disclosed by way of Notes to Accounts. Contingent Assets are not recognized in the financial statements since this may result in the recognition of income that may never be realized.