Accounting Policies of Ushdev International Ltd. Company

Mar 31, 2024

5. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

1. a) Basis of preparation of financial statements

The financial statements have been prepared on the historical
cost basis except for certain financial instruments that are
measured at fair values at the end of each reporting period, as
explained in the accounting policies set out below.

Historical cost is generally based on the fair value of the
consideration given in exchange for goods and services.

As the operating cycle cannot be identified in normal course due
to the special nature of industry, the same has been assumed
to have duration of 12 months. Accordingly, all assets and
liabilities have been classified as current or non-current as per
the Company''s operating cycle and other criteria set out in IND
AS 1 ''Presentation of Financial Statements'' and Schedule III to
the Companies Act, 2013.

The Standalone Financial Statements are presented in hundred
thousand Indian Rupees and all values are rounded off to the
nearest two decimal lakh except otherwise stated.

Fair value is the price that would be realised upon selling an
asset or payable to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction
between market participants at the measurement date,
regardless of whether that price is directly observable or
estimated using another valuation technique. In estimating
the fair value of an asset or a liability, the Company takes into
account the characteristics of the asset or liability if market
participants would take those characteristics into account when
pricing the asset or liability at the measurement date on such
basis as provided under IND AS 113.

The Company categorizes assets and liabilities measured at fair
value into one of three levels depending on the ability to observe
inputs employed in their measurement which are described as
follows:

(a) Level 1 inputs are quoted prices (unadjusted) in active
markets for identical assets or liabilities.

(b) Level 2 inputs are inputs, other than quoted prices included
in level 1, that are observable, either directly or indirectly,
for the asset or liability.

(c) Level 3 inputs are unobservable inputs for the asset or
liability reflecting significant modifications to observable
related market data or Company''s assumptions about

pricing by market participants.

b) Recent accounting pronouncements:

On March 23, 2022, the Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA) has
notified Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Amendment
Rules, 2022.This notification has resulted into amendments
in the following existing accounting standards Which are
applicable to company from April 1, 2022:

i. Ind AS 101 - First time adoption of Ind AS

ii. Ind AS 103 - Business Combination

iii. Ind AS 109 - Financial Instrument

iv. Ind AS 16 - Property, Plant and Equipment

v. Ind AS 37 - Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and

Contingent Assets

vi. Ind AS 41 - Agriculture

Applications of above standards are not expected to have any
significant impact on the Company''s financial statement.

2. Foreign Currency

Functional and presentation currency

The financial statements of the Company are presented using
Indian Rupee (INR) i.e. currency of the primary economic
environment in which the entity operates (''the functional
currency'').

Transactions and balances

Foreign currency transactions are translated into the respective
functional currency using the exchange rates at the dates of the
transactions. Foreign exchange gains and losses resulting from
the settlement of such transactions and from the translation of
monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies
at year end exchange rates are recognised in profit or loss.

Premium/Discount in respect of forward contracts is accounted
over the period of contract

3. Revenue recognition

Revenue is measured at the fair value of consideration received
or receivable. Amounts recognised as revenue are net of
returns, trade allowances, discounts, rebates, price differences
deductions by customers, goods and services tax and amounts
collected on behalf of third parties.

Effective April 1, 2018, the Company adopted Ind AS 115
"Revenue from Contracts with Customers". The effect on
adoption of Ind AS 115 was not material on the financial
statements. Revenue is recognised when the control is
transferred to the customer and when the Company has
completed its performance obligations under the contracts.
Revenue is recognised in a manner that depicts the transfer of
goods and services to customers at an amount that reflects the
consideration the Company expects to be entitled to in exchange
for those goods or services.

Revenue is recognised as follows:

(i) For non-contract-based business, revenue represents the
value of goods delivered or services performed.

(ii) For contract-based business, revenue represents the sales
value of work carried out for customers during the period.
Such revenues are recognised in the period in which the
service is rendered.

(iii) Unbilled revenue (contract assets) net of expected
deductions is recognised at the end of each period. Such
unbilled revenue is reversed in the subsequent period
when actual invoice is raised.

a) Sale of goods

Revenue from the sale of goods is recognised when the
control of goods has been transferred, being when the
products are delivered to the buyer, the buyer having
the full discretion over the use of the goods and there
is no unfulfilled obligation that could affect the buyer''s
acceptance of the product. Delivery occurs when the
products have been shipped to the specific location, the
risks of obsolescence and loss have been transferred to
the buyer, and either the buyer has accepted the products
in accordance with the sales contract, the acceptance
provisions have lapsed, or the Company has objective
evidence that all criteria for acceptance have been
satisfied. Revenue from the sale of goods is measured at
the fair value of the consideration received or receivable,
net of returns and allowances, trade discounts and volume
rebates and price difference. Discounts and rebates are
estimated based on accumulated experience.

b) Renewable Energy Credit Income is recognised when
realized.

c) Interest income is recognised on a time proportion basis
taking into account amount outstanding and applicable
interest rate.

d) Dividend is recognised when the company''s right to
receive the payment is established, which is generally
when shareholders approve the dividend.

4. Property, Plant and Equipment (PPE)

PPE is recognised when it is probable that future economic
benefits associated with the item will flow to the Company and
the cost of the item can measured reliably. Freehold land is carried
at historical cost. All other items of PPE are stated at cost net of
tax/duty credits availed, if any, less accumulated depreciation and
cumulative impairment. Cost includes expenditure that is directly
attributable to the acquisition and installation of such assets

PPE not ready for the intended use on the date of the Balance
Sheet is disclosed as "capital work-in-progress".

Assets having individual cost of less than Rs. 5,000/- are fully
depreciated in the year of Acquisition.

Depreciation methods, estimated useful lives and residual value

Depreciation is calculated using the straight-line method
to allocate their cost, net of their residual values, over their
estimated useful lives as under:

5. Intangible assets

Intangible assets are recognised when it is probable that the
future economic benefits that are attributable to the assets will
flow to the Company and the cost of the asset can be measured
reliably. Intangible assets acquired by the Company are measured
at cost less accumulated amortisation and any accumulated
impairment losses. Cost includes expenditure that is directly
attributable to the acquisition and installation of such assets.

Amortisation

Amortisation is calculated to write off the cost of intangible
assets less their estimated residual values using the straight-line
method over their estimated useful lives.

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Mar 31, 2015

1 Method of Accounting :

The Company follows mercantile system of accounting and recognizes income and expenditure on an accrual basis. Financial Statements are prepared under historical cost convention, in accordance with the Generally Accepted Accounting Principles in India (GAAP), Accounting Standards specified in Section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013 read with Rule 7 of the Companies (Accounts) Rules, 2014. The significant accounting policies followed by the Company are set out below. Management has made certain estimates and assumptions in conformity with the GAAP in the preparation of these financial statements, which are reflected in the preparation of these financial statements. Difference between the actual results and estimates are recognized in the year in which the results are known.

2 Fixed Assets :

Fixed assets are carried at cost of acquisition less accumulated depreciation. Cost includes all expenses related to acquisition and installation of such assets.

3 Impairment of Fixed Assets

Wherever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of fixed assets may be impaired, such assets are subject to a test of recoverability, based on discounted cash flows expected from use or disposal thereof. If the assets are impaired, loss on the same is recognized.

4 Depreciation :

Depreciation for the year is provided on Straight Line Method based on useful life as specified in Schedule II to the Companies Act, 2013 on pro-rata basis and useful life is as under :

5 Investments :

Investment in shares of the Subsidiaries registered outside India, are stated at cost by converting at the rate of exchange prevailing at the time of setting up the Subsidiary and date of remittance of funds in case of additional investment.

Long term investments are stated at cost less other than temporary diminution in value, if any. Current investments are stated at the lower of cost and fair value, determined on an individual investment basis.

6 Revenue Recognition :

a) Revenue is recognized based on the nature of activity when consideration can be reasonably measured and their exists reasonable certainty of its recovery.

i) Income from sale of traded goods is recognized on transfer of all significant risk and ownership of the goods on to the customers, which is generally on dispatch of goods.

ii) In cases where trade contracts provide for crystallization of price or for price adjustment on a subsequent date, corresponding purchase and sales are recognized on the basis of expected settlement price and any differential determined subsequently is accounted for at the time of final settlement.

b) Income from sale of electricity is recognized as per the terms and conditions of the agreement with the Customer. Renewable Energy Credit Income is recognized when realized.

c) Interest income is recognized on a time proportion basis taking into account amount outstanding and applicable interest rate.

7 Employee Benefits :

i) Short Term Employee Benefits (i.e. those payable within one year) are recognized in the period in which the employee service is rendered.

ii) Post employment and long term employee benefits are recognized as an expense in the Statement of Profit and Loss for the year in which the employees has rendered services and other statutory requirements are met. Provision for gratuity is made based on actuarial valuation. The expense will be recognized at the present value of the amount payable determined using actuarial valuation techniques. Actuarial gains or losses in respect of post employment and other long term benefits are charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss.

(iii) The eligible employees of the Company are entitled to receive benefits in respect of provident fund, a defined contribution plan, in which both employees and the Company make monthly contributions at a specified percentage of the covered employees'' salary. The Company recognizes the same as an expense in the year incurred.

(iv) As per the Guidance Note on "Accounting for Employee Share- Based Payments'' Compensation Cost, ESOP to employees is accounted on Intrinsic Value Method. Intrinsic value is the amount by which the quoted market price of the underlying shares on the grant date exceeds the exercise price of the options. Accordingly, the compensation cost is amortized over the vesting period.

8 Inventories

Inventory is valued at cost or net realizable value whichever is lower. Cost includes all non refundable taxes and expenses incurred to bring the inventory to the present location. Cost is determined using the FIFO (first-in-first-out) method of valuation.

9 Borrowing Cost :

Borrowing costs directly attributable to acquisition and construction of capital assets are capitalized till the asset is ready for use. All other borrowing costs are recognized as expenditure in the period for which they pertain to.

10 Tax on Income :

a) Tax expense comprises both current and deferred tax at the applicable enacted/substantively enacted rates. Current tax represents the amount of income tax payable in respect of the taxable income for the reporting period.

b) Deferred tax represents the effect of timing differences between taxable income and accounting income for the reporting period that originate in one period and are capable of reversal in one or more subsequent periods. Deferred tax assets are recognized only to the extent there is reasonable certainty of realization in future. Such assets are reviewed as at each Balance Sheet date to reassess realization.

11 Provisions & Contingent Liabilities :

Provisions are recognized when the company has a legal and constructive present obligation as a result of a past event, for which it is probable that outflow of resources will be required and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation. Contingent liabilities are disclosed when there is a possible obligation that may result in an outflow of resources. Contingent assets are neither recognized nor disclosed.

12 Foreign Exchange Transactions :

Transactions in foreign currency are recorded at exchange rates prevailing on the dates of respective transactions. The difference in translation and realized gains and losses on foreign exchange transactions are recognized in the Profit and Loss Account. Premium/ Discount in respect of forward contracts is accounted over the period of contract.

Forward contracts outstanding as at the balance sheet date are stated at exchange rates prevailing at the reporting date and any gains or losses are recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss. Profit or loss arising on cancellation or enforcement/exercise of forward exchange is recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss in the period of such cancellation or enforcement/exercise

13 Leases:

Leases where the lessor effectively retains substantially all the risks and benefits of ownership over the lease term are classified as operating lease. Lease payments for assets taken on operating lease are recognized as an expense in the Profit and Loss Account on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

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Mar 31, 2014

1. Method of Accounting

The Company follows mercantile system of accounting and recognizes income and expenditure on an accrual basis. Financial Statements are prepared under historical cost convention, in accordance with the Generally Accepted Accounting Principles in India (GAAP), Accounting Standards specified in the Companies (Accounting Standards) Rules, 2006 notified by the Central Government in terms of Section 211(3C) of the Companies Act, 1956 read with general circular 15/2013 dated September 13, 2013 of the Ministry of Corporate Affairs in respect of Section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013 to the extent applicable. The significant accounting policies followed by the Company are set out below. Management has made certain estimates and assumptions in conformity with the GAAP in the preparation of these financial statements, which are reflected in the preparation of these financial statements. Difference between the actual results and estimates are recognised in the year in which the results are known.

2. Fixed Assets

Fixed assets are carried at cost of acquisition less accumulated depreciation. Cost includes all expenses related to acquisition and installation of such assets.

3. Impairment of Fixed Assets

Wherever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of fixed assets may be impaired, such assets are subject to a test of recoverability, based on discounted cash flows expected from use or disposal thereof. If the assets are impaired, loss on the same is recognized.

4. Depreciation

Depreciation for the year is provided on Straight Line Method at the rates specified in Schedule XIV to the Companies Act, 1956 on pro- rata basis.

5. Investments :

Investments are stated at cost less provision for diminution in the value of investment of permanent nature, if any. Unquoted investments are valued on the basis of book value as per audited balance sheet of the investee company. Investment in shares of the Subsidiaries registered outside India, are stated at cost by converting at the rate of exchange prevailing at the time of setting up the Subsidiary and date of remittance of funds in case of additional investment.

Long term investments are stated at cost less other than temporary diminution in value, if any. Current investments are stated at the lower of cost and fair value, determined on an individual investment basis.

6. Revenue Recognition :

a) Revenue is recognised based on the nature of activity when consideration can be reasonably measured and their exists reasonable certainty of its recovery.

i) Income from sale of traded goods is recognized on transfer of all significant risk and ownership of the goods on to the customers, which is generally on dispatch of goods.

ii) In respect of back-to-back trade arrangements, sales are booked when the goods are dispatched by the trading partner to the customer and are adjusted for the trade margin accruing to the Company.

iii) In cases where trade contracts provide for crystallization of price or for price adjustment on a subsequent date, corresponding purchase and sales are recognized on the basis of expected settlement price and any differential determined subsequently is accounted for at the time of final settlement.

b) Income from sale of electricity is recognized as per the terms and conditions of the agreement with the Customer. Credit Income in Power is recognized when realized.

c) Interest income is recognized on a time proportion basis taking into account amount outstanding and applicable interest rate.

7. Employee Benefits :

i) Short Term Employee Benefits (i.e. those payable within one year) are recognized in the period in which the employee service is rendered.

ii) Post employment and long term employee benefits are recognized as an expense in the Statement of Profit and Loss for the year in which the employees has rendered services and other statutory requirements are met. Provision for gratuity is made based on actuarial valuation. The expense will be recognized at the present value of the amount payable determined using actuarial valuation techniques. Actuarial gains or losses in respect of post employment and other long term benefits are charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss.

(iii) The eligible employees of the Company are entitled to receive benefits in respect of provident fund, a defined contribution plan, in which both employees and the Company make monthly contributions at a specified percentage of the covered employees'' salary. The Company recognises the same as an expense in the year incurred.

8. Inventories :

Inventory is valued at cost or net realizable value whichever is lower. Cost includes all non refundable taxes and expenses incurred to bring the inventory to the present location. Cost is determined using the FIFO (first-in-first-out) method of valuation.

9. Borrowing Cost :

Borrowing costs directly attributable to acquisition and construction of capital assets are capitalized till the asset is ready for use. All other borrowing costs are recognized as expenditure in the period for which they pertain to.

10. Tax on Income :

a) Tax expense comprises both current and deferred tax at the applicable enacted/substantively enacted rates. Current tax represents the amount of income tax payable in respect of the taxable income for the reporting period.

b) Deferred tax represents the effect of timing differences between taxable income and accounting income for the reporting period that originate in one period and are capable of reversal in one or more subsequent periods. Deferred tax assets are recognized only to the extent there is reasonable certainty of realization in future. Such assets are reviewed as at each Balance Sheet date to reassess realization.

11. Provisions & Contingent Liabilities :

Provisions are recognized when the company has a legal and constructive present obligation as a result of a past event, for which it is probable that outflow of resources will be required and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation. Contingent liabilities are disclosed when there is a possible obligation that may result in an outflow of resources. Contingent assets are neither recognized nor disclosed.

12. Foreign Exchange Transactions :

Transactions in foreign currency are recorded at exchange rates prevailing on the dates of respective transactions. The difference in translation and realized gains and losses on foreign exchange transactions are recognized in the Profit and Loss Account. Premium/ Discount in respect of forward contracts is accounted over the period of contract.

Forward contracts outstanding as at the balance sheet date are stated at exchange rates prevailing at the reporting date and any gains or losses are recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss. Profit or loss arising on cancellation or enforcement/exercise of forward exchange is recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss in the period of such cancellation or enforcement/exercise.

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Mar 31, 2013

1. Method of Accounting

The Company follows mercantile system of accounting and recognizes income and expenditure on an accrual basis. Financial Statements are prepared under historical cost convention, in accordance with the Generally Accepted Accounting Principles in India (GAAP) and comply in all material aspects, with mandatory accounting standards as notified by the Companies (Accounting Standards) Rules, 2006, relevant provisions of the Companies Act and statements issued by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India. The significant accounting policies followed by the Company are set out below. Management has made certain estimates and assumptions in conformity with the GAAP in the preparation of these financial statements, which are reflected in the preparation of these financial statements. Difference between the actual results and estimates are recognised in the year in which the results are known.

2. Fixed Assets

Fixed assets are carried at cost of acquisition less accumulated depreciation. Cost includes all expenses related to acquisition and installation of such assets.

3. Depreciation

Depreciation for the year is provided on Straight Line Method at the rates specified in Schedule XIV to the Companies Act, 1956 on pro- rata basis.

4. Investments

Investments are stated at cost less provision for diminution in the value of investment of permanent nature, if any. Unquoted investments are valued on the basis of book value as per audited balance sheet of the investee company.

Investment in shares of the Subsidiaries registered outside India, are stated at cost by converting at the rate of exchange prevailing at the time of setting up the Subsidiary and date of remittance of funds in case of additional investment.

5. Revenue Recognition

a) Revenue is recognised based on the nature of activity when consideration can be reasonably measured and their exists reasonable certainty of its recovery.

i) Income from sale of traded goods is recognized on transfer of all significant risk and ownership of the goods on to the customers, which is generally on dispatch of goods.

ii) In respect of back-to-back trade arrangements, sales are booked when the goods are dispatched by the trading partner to the customer and are adjusted for the trade margin accruing to the Company.

iii) In cases where trade contracts provide for crystallization of price or for price adjustment on a subsequent date, corresponding purchase and sales are recognized on the basis of expected settlement price and any differential determined subsequently is accounted for at the time of final settlement.

b) Income from sale of electricity is recognized as per the terms and conditions of the agreement with the Customer. Carbon credit Income is recognized when realized.

c.) Interest income is recognized on a time proportion basis taking into account amount outstanding and applicable interest rate.

6. Employee Benefits

i) Short Term Employee Benefits (i.e. those payable within one year) are recognized in the period in which the employee service is rendered.

ii) Post employment and long term employee benefits are recognized as an expense in the Statement of Profit and Loss for the year in which the employees have rendered services and other statutory requirements are met. Provision for gratuity is made based on actuarial valuation. The expense will be recognized at the present value of the amount payable determined using actuarial valuation techniques. Actuarial gains or losses in respect of post employment and other long term benefits are charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss.

7. Inventories

Inventory is valued at cost or net realizable value whichever is lower. Cost includes all non refundable taxes and expenses incurred to bring the inventory to the present location. Cost is determined using the FIFO (first-in-first-out) method of valuation.

8. Impairment of Fixed Assets

Wherever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of fixed assets may be impaired, such assets are subject to a test of recoverability, based on discounted cash flows expected from use or disposal thereof. If the assets are impaired, loss on the same is recognized.

9. Borrowing Cost

Borrowing costs directly attributable to acquisition and construction of capital assets are capitalized till the asset is ready for use. All other borrowing costs are recognized as expenditure in the period for which they pertain to.

10. Tax on Income

a) Tax expense comprises both current and deferred tax at the applicable enacted/substantively enacted rates. Current tax represents the amount of income tax payable in respect of the taxable income for the reporting period.

b) Deferred tax represents the effect of timing differences between taxable income and accounting income for the reporting period that originate in one period and are capable of reversal in one or more subsequent periods. Deferred tax assets are recognized only to the extent there is reasonable certainty of realization in future. Such assets are reviewed as at each Balance Sheet date to reassess realization.

11. Provisions & Contingent Liabilities

Provisions are recognized when the company has a legal and constructive present obligation as a result of a past event, for which it is probable that outflow of resources will be required and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation. Contingent liabilities are disclosed when there is a possible obligation that may result in an outflow of resources. Contingent assets are neither recognized nor disclosed.

12. Foreign Exchange Transactions

Transactions in foreign currency are recorded at exchange rates prevailing on the dates of respective transactions. The difference in translation and realized gains and losses on foreign exchange transactions are recognized in the Profit and Loss Account. Premium/ Discount in respect of forward contracts is accounted over the period of contract.

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Mar 31, 2012

1. Method of Accounting

The Company follows mercantile system of accounting and recognizes income and expenditure on an accrual basis. Financial Statements are prepared under historical cost convention, in accordance with the Generally Accepted Accounting Principles in India (GAAP) and comply in all material aspects, with mandatory accounting standards as notified by the Companies (Accounting Standards) Rules, 2006, relevant provisions of the Companies Act and statements issued by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India. The significant accounting policies followed by the Company are set out below. Management has made certain estimates and assumptions in conformity with the GAAP in the preparation of these financial statements, which are reflected in the preparation of these financial statements. Difference between the actual results and estimates are recognised in the year in which the results are known.

2. Fixed Assets

Fixed assets are carried at cost of acquisition less accumulated depreciation. The Cost includes all expenses related to acquisition and installation of such assets.

3. Depreciation

Depreciation for the year is provided on Straight Line Method at the rates specified in Schedule XIV to the Companies Act, 1956 on pro-rata basis. In case of fixed assets given on lease, the cost of fixed assets is written off over the period of lease. Lease Adjustment Account represents the difference between the cost of assets required to be written off during the particular year and the amount written off by way of depreciation thereon.

4. Investments

Investments are stated at cost less provision for diminution in the value of investment of permanent nature, if any. Unquoted investments are valued on the basis of book value as per audited balance sheet of the investee company.

Investment in shares of the Subsidiaries registered outside India, are stated at cost by converting at the rate of exchange prevailing at the time of setting up the Subsidiary and date of remittance of funds in case of additional investment.

5. Revenue Recognition

a) Income from sale of traded goods is recognized on transfer of all significant risk and ownership of the goods on to the customers, which is generally on dispatch of goods.

b) Income from sale of electricity is recognized as per the terms and conditions of the agreement with the Customer.

6. Employee Benefits

Short Term Employee Benefits (i.e. those payable within one year) are recognised in the period in which the employee service is rendered. There are no other employee benefits such as provident fund, gratuity, compensated absences etc. which need to be recognised in the Financial Statements.

7. Impairment of Fixed Assets

Wherever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of fixed assets may be impaired, such assets are subject to a test of recoverability, based on discounted cash flows expected from use or disposal thereof. If the assets are impaired, loss is recognized

8. Borrowing Cost

Borrowing costs directly attributable to acquisition and construction of capital assets are capitalized till the asset is ready for use. All other borrowing costs are recognised as expenditure in the period when they were incurred.

9. Tax on Income

a) Tax expense comprises both current and deferred tax at the applicable enacted/substantively enacted rates. Current tax represents the amount of income tax payable in respect of the taxable income for the reporting period.

b) Deferred tax represents the effect of timing differences between taxable income and accounting income for the reporting period that originate in one period and are capable of reversal in one or more subsequent periods. Deferred tax assets are recognized only to the extent there is reasonable certainty of realization in future. Such assets are reviewed as at each Balance Sheet date to reassess realization.

10. Provisions & Contingent Liabilities

Provisions are recognised when the company has a legal and constructive present obligation as a result of a past event, for which it is probable that outflow of resources will be required and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation. Contingent liabilities are disclosed when there is a possible obligation that may result in an outflow of resources. Contingent assets are neither recognised nor disclosed.

11. Foreign Exchange Transactions

Transactions in foreign currency are recorded at exchange rates prevailing on the dates of respective transactions. The difference in translation and realized gains and losses on foreign exchange transactions are recognized in the Profit and Loss Account. Premium/ Discount in respect of Forward Contracts is accounted over the period of Contracts.

12. Carbon Credit Income

Carbon Credit Income is recognized as and when realised.

13. Inventories

Inventory is valued at cost or net realizable value whichever is lower.

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Mar 31, 2011

1. Method of Accounting

The Company follows mercantile system of accounting and recognizes income and expenditure on an accrual basis. Financial Statements are prepared under historical cost convention, in accordance with the Generally Accepted Accounting Principles in India (GAAP) and comply in all material aspects, with mandatory accounting standards as notified by the Companies (Accounting Standards) Rules, 2006, relevant provisions of the Companies Act and statements issued by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India. The significant accounting policies followed by the Company are set out below. Management has made certain estimates and assumptions in conformity with the GAAP in the preparation of these financial statements, which are reflected in the preparation of these financial statements. Difference between the actual results and estimates are recognised in the year in which the results are known.

2. Fixed Assets

Fixed assets are carried at cost of acquisition less accumulated depreciation. The Cost includes all expenses related to acquisition and installation of such assets.

3. Depreciation

Depreciation for the year is provided on Straight Line Method at the rates specified in Schedule XIV to the Companies Act, 1956 on pro-rata basis. In case of fixed assets given on lease, the cost of fixed assets is written off over the period of lease. Lease Adjustment Account represents the difference between the cost of assets required to be written off during the particular year and the amount written off by way of depreciation thereon.

4. Investments

Investments are stated at cost less provision for diminution in the value of investment of permanent nature, if any. Unquoted investments are valued on the basis of book value as per audited balance sheet of the investee company.

Investment in shares of the Subsidiaries registered outside India, are stated at cost by converting at the rate of exchange prevailing at the time of setting up the Subsidiary and date of remittance of funds in case of additional investment.

5. Revenue Recognition

a) Income from sale of traded goods is recognized on transfer of all significant risk and ownership of the goods on to the customers, which is generally on dispatch of goods.

b) Income from sale of electricity is recognized as per the terms and conditions of the agreement with the Customer.

6. Retirement Benefits

Provision for gratuity is not made since no employee is eligible for the same.

7. Impairment of Fixed Assets

Wherever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of fixed assets may be impaired, such assets are subject to a test of recoverability, based on discounted cash flows expected from use or disposal thereof. If the assets are impaired, loss is recognized

8. Borrowing Cost

Borrowing costs directly attributable to acquisition and construction of capital assets are capitalized till the asset is ready for use. All other borrowing costs are recognised as expenditure in the period when they were incurred.

9. Tax on Income

a) Tax expense comprises both current and deferred tax at the applicable enacted/substantively enacted rates. Current tax represents the amount of income tax payable in respect of the taxable income for the reporting period.

b) Deferred tax represents the effect of timing differences between taxable income and accounting income for the reporting period that originate in one period and are capable of reversal in one or more subsequent periods. Deferred tax assets are recognized only to the extent there is reasonable certainty of realization in future. Such assets are reviewed as at each Balance Sheet date to reassess realization.

10. Provisions & Contingent Liabilities

Provisions are recognised when the company has a legal and constructive present obligation as a result of a past event, for which it is probable that outflow of resources will be required and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation. Contingent liabilities are disclosed when there is a possible obligation that may result in an outflow of resources. Contingent assets are neither recognised nor disclosed.

11. Foreign Exchange Transactions

Transactions in foreign currency are recorded at exchange rates prevailing on the dates of respective transactions. The difference in translation and realized gains and losses on foreign exchange transactions are recognized in the Profit and Loss Account. Premium/Discount in respect of Forward Contracts is accounted over the period of Contracts.

12. Carbon Credit Income

Carbon Credit Income is recognized as and when realised.

13. Inventories

Inventory is valued at cost or net realizable value whichever is lower.

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Mar 31, 2010

1. Method of Accounting

The Company follows mercantile system of accounting and recognizes income and expenditure on an accrual basis. Financial Statements are prepared under historical cost convention, in accordance with the Generally Accepted Accounting Principles in India (GAAP) and comply in all material aspects, with mandatory accounting standards as notified by the Companies (Accounting Standards) Rules, 2006, relevant provisions of the Companies Act and statements issued by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India. The significant accounting policies followed by the Company are set out below. Management has made certain estimates and assumptions in conformity with the GAAP in the preparation of these financial statements, which are reflected in the preparation of these financial statements. Difference between the actual results and estimates are recognised in the year in which the results are known.

2.Fixed Assets

Fixed assets are carried at cost of acquisition less accumulated depreciation. The Cost includes all expenses related to acquisition and installation of such assets.

3.Depreciation

Depreciation for the year is provided on Straight Line Method at the rates specified in Schedule XIV to the Companies Act, 1956 on pro-rata basis. In case of fixed assets given on lease, the cost of fixed assets is written off over the period of lease. Lease Adjustment Account represents the difference between the cost of assets required to be written off during the particular year and the amount written off by way of depreciation thereon.

4.Investments

Investments are stated at cost less provision for diminution in the value of investment of permanent nature, if any. Unquoted investments are valued on the basis of book value as per audited balance sheet of the investee company.

Investment in shares of the Subsidiaries registered outside India, are stated at cost by converting at the rate of exchange prevailing at the time of setting up the Subsidiary.

5.)Revenue Recognition

i) Income from sale of traded goods is recognized on transfer of all significant risk and ownership of the goods on to the customers, which is generally on dispatch of goods.

ii) Income from sale of electricity is recognized as per the terms and conditions of the agreement with the Customer.

6. Retirement Benefits

I) Provision for gratuity is not made since no employees are eligible for the same. ii) Leave Salary is accounted for on accrual basis.

7. Impairment of Fixed Assets

Wherever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of fixed assets may be impaired, such assets are subject to a test of recoverability, based on discounted cash flows expected from use or disposal thereof. If the assets are impaired, loss is recognized

8. Borrowing Cost

Borrowing costs directly attributable to acquisition and construction of capital assets are capitalized till the asset is ready for use. All other borrowing costs are recognised as an expenditure in the period when they were incurred.

9. Tax on Income

a. Tax expense comprises both current and deferred tax at the applicable enacted/substantively enacted rates. Current tax represents the amount of income tax payable in respect of the taxable income for the reporting period.

b. Deferred tax represents the effect of timing differences between taxable income and accounting income for the reporting period that originate in one period and are capable of reversal in one or more subsequent periods. Deferred tax assets are recognized only to the extent there is reasonable certainty of realization in future. Such assets are reviewed as at each Balance Sheet date to reassess realization.

10. Provisions & Contingent Liabilities

Provisions are recognised when the company has a legal and constructive present obligation as a result of a past event, for which it is probable that outflow of resources will be required and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation. Contingent liabilities are disclosed when there is a possible obligation that may result in an outflow of resources. Contingent assets are neither recognised nor disclosed.

11. Foreign Exchange Transactions

Transactions in foreign currency are recorded at exchange rates prevailing on the dates of respective transactions. The difference in translation and realized gains and losses on foreign exchange transactions are recognized in the Profit and Loss Account. Premium/Discount in respect of Forward Contracts is accounted over the period of Contracts.

12. Carbon Credit Income

Carbon Credit Income is recognized as and when realised

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Mar 31, 2001

Method of Accounting :

The financial statement have been prepared on historical cost basis in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in India.

Fixed Assets :

Fixed assets are carried at cost of acquisition less accumulated depreciation. The Cost includes all expenses related to acquisition and installation of such assets.

Depreciation :

Depreciation for the year is provided on Straight Line Method at the rates specified in Schedule XIV to the Companies Act, 1956 on pro-rata basis. In case of fixed assets given on lease, the cost of fixed assets is written off over the period of lease. Lease Adjustment Account represents the difference between the cost of assets required to be written off during the particular year and the amount written off by way of depreciation thereon.

Investments :

Investments are stated at cost less provision for diminution in value of investment of permanent nature, if any.

Revenue recognition :

a) Commission income is recognized on accrual basis.

b) Income from sale of trading of goods is recognized as and when the title passes to the customers.

c) Income from sale electricity is recognized as per the terms and condition of the agreement with the Customer.

d) Lease Rental Income is recognized on accrual basis.

Foreign Currency Transactions :

Transactions in foreign currency are recorded at the exchange rates prevailing on the date of the transaction. Assets (other than fixed assets) and Liabilities related to foreign currency transactions, remaining unsettled at the year-end rates are settled at year- end rates. Gains or losses arising on such transactions and on settlements during the year are accounted in the Profit & Loss account.

Retirement Benefits :

a) Provision for gratuity is not made since no employees are eligible for the same.

b) Leave Salary is accounted for on accrual basis. Miscellaneous Expenditure (to the extent not written off) :

Preliminary expenses are written off in equal installments over a period of ten years.