Mar 31, 2025
This note provides a list of the Material Accounting policies
adopted in the preparation of these financial statements.
These policies have been consistently applied to all the
years presented, unless otherwise stated.
The financial statements presented herein reflect
the company''s result of operations, assets and
liabilities, statement of changes in equity and cash
flows as at and for the period ended March 31, 2025.
The financial statements of the company have
been prepared in accordance with recognition
and measurement principles laid down in Indian
Accounting Standards (Ind AS), prescribed under
Section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013 (the ""Act"")
read with relevant rules issued thereunder and other
accounting principles generally accepted in India.
The accounting policies followed in the preparation
of the financial statements are consistent with those
followed in the preparation of Financial statements
as at and for the year ended March 31, 2024.
These financial statement of the Company
have been prepared in accordance with Indian
Accounting Standard (Ind AS) under the historical
cost convention on the accrual basis except for
certain financial instruments which are measured
at fair values, the provisions of the Companies Act,
2013 (''the Act'') (to the extent notified). The Ind AS
are prescribed under Section 133 of the Act read
with Rule 3 of the Companies (Indian Accounting
Standards) Rules, 2015 and relevant amendment
rules issued thereafter.
The preparation of financial statement in conformity
with Ind AS requires management to make
judgements, estimates and assumptions that affect
the application of accounting policies and the
reported amount of assets and liabilities, revenues
and expenses and disclosure of contingent
liabilities. Such estimates and assumptions are
based on management''s evaluation of relevant
facts and circumstances as on the date of financial
statement. The actual outcome may diverge from
these estimates.
The estimates and underlying assumptions are
reviewed on an on-going basis. Revisions to
accounting estimates are recognised in the period in
which the estimate is revised if the revision affects
only that period, or in the period of the revision and
future periods if the revision affects both current
and future periods.
The Company reviews the useful life of
property, plant and equipment at the end of
each reporting period. This re-assessment may
result in change in depreciation expense in
future periods.
The Company measures certain financial assets
and liabilities on fair value basis at each balance
sheet date or at the time they are assessed for
impairment. Fair value measurement that are
based on significant unobservable inputs (Level
3) requires estimates of operating margin,
discount rate, future growth rate, terminal
values, etc. based on management''s best
estimate about future developments.
Provisions: A provision is recognised when
the Company has a present obligation as a
result of past events and it is probable that an
outflow of resources will be required to settle
the obligation, in respect of which a reliable
estimate can be made.
The amount recognised as a provision is the
best estimate of the consideration required to
settle the present obligation at the end of the
reporting period, taking into account the risks
and uncertainties surrounding the obligation.
When a provision is measured using the cash
flows estimated to settle the present obligation,
its carrying amount is the present value of
those cash flows (when the effect of time value
of money is material).
Contingent liabilities: Contingent liabilities
are not recognised but are disclosed in notes
to accounts.
Items included in the financial statement of the
Company are measured using the currency of
the primary economic environment in which the
Company operates (i.e. the "functional currencyâ).
The financial statement are presented in Indian
Rupee, the national currency of India, which is the
functional currency of the Company.
a) Sale of goods: Revenue from the sale of
goods is recognized at the point in time when
control over the goods sold is transferred to the
customer. Revenue is measured based on the
transaction price, which is the consideration,
net of discounts, variable considerations,
other similar charges, as specified in the
contract with the customer. Additionally,
revenue excludes taxes collected from
customers, which are subsequently remitted to
governmental authorities.
b) Interest income: Interest income from a
financial asset is recognised when it is probable
that the economic benefits will flow to the
Company and the amount of income can be
measured reliably. Interest income is accrued
on a time basis, by reference to the principal
outstanding and at the effective interest
rate applicable, which is the rate that exactly
discounts estimated future cash receipts
through the expected life of the financial
asset of that asset''s net carrying amount on
initial recognition.
c) Service Income: Service income is
recognized on rendering of services based
on the agreements / arrangements with the
concerned parties.
The Company''s lease asset classes consist of leases
for buildings. The Company, at the inception of a
contract, assesses whether the contract is a lease
or not lease. A contract is, or contains, a lease if
the contract conveys the right to control the use
of an identified asset for a time in exchange for a
consideration. This policy has been applied to
contracts existing and entered into on or after April
1, 2019 (standard effective date). The Company
recognises a right-of-use asset and a lease liability
at the later of lease commencement date or April 01,
2019. The right-of-use asset is initially measured at
cost, which comprises the initial amount of the lease
liability adjusted for any lease payments made at
or before the commencement date, plus any initial
direct costs incurred and an estimate of costs to
dismantle and remove the underlying asset or to
restore the underlying asset or the site on which it
is located, less any lease incentives received. The
right-of-use asset is subsequently depreciated using
the straight-line method from the commencement
date to the end of the lease term. The lease liability
is initially measured at the present value of the lease
payments that are not paid at the commencement
date, discounted using the Company''s incremental
borrowing rate. It is premeasured when there is
a change in future lease payments arising from a
change in an index or rate, if there is a change in the
Company''s estimate of the amount expected to be
payable under a residual value guarantee, or if the
Company changes its assessment of whether it will
exercise a purchase, extension or termination option.
When the lease liability is premeasured in this way,
a corresponding adjustment is made to the carrying
amount of the right-of-use asset, or is recorded in
profit or loss if the carrying amount of the right-of-
use asset has been reduced to zero.
The Company has elected not to recognise right-of-
use assets and lease liabilities for short-term leases
that have a lease term (Non Cancellable) of 12
months or less and leases of low-value assets. The
Company recognises the lease payments associated
with these leases as an expense over the lease term.
Transactions in currencies other than the entity''s
functional currency (foreign currencies) are
recognized at the rates of exchange prevailing at the
date of the transaction. At the end of each reporting
period, monetary items denominated in foreign
currencies are retranslated at the rates prevailing at
that date. Non-monetary items that are measured
in terms of historical cost in a foreign currency are
not retranslated. Exchange differences on monetary
items are recognised in the statement of profit and
loss in the period in which they arise except for
exchange differences on transactions designated
as fair value hedge, if any.
Borrowing costs directly attributable to the
acquisition, construction or production of qualifying
assets, which are assets that necessarily take a
substantial period of time to get ready for their
intended use or sale are added to the cost of those
assets, until such time the assets are substantially
ready for their intended use or sale.
All other borrowing costs are recognised in profit or
loss in the period in which they are incurred.
Leave Encashment : Compensatory absence which
accrue to the employees which are expected to be
availed or encashed within twelve months after the
end of the period in which the employees render
the related service are short-term in nature. These
compensatory absences require measurement on
an actual basis and not on actuarial basis.
Defined contribution plan : The company makes
defined contribution to Provident Fund and
Employee State Insurance which are recognized in
the statement of Profit and Loss on accrual basis.
Defined benefit plan : The company''s liability
towards gratuity is determined on the basis of year
end actuarial valuations applying the Projected Unit
Credit Method done by an independent actuary as
on the Balance sheet date.
Actuarial losses and gains are recognized in Other
Comprehensive Income (OCI) and are not reclassified
to the statement of profit and loss in any subsequent
periods. Changes in the present value of the defined
benefit obligation resulting from plan amendments
or curtailments are recognized immediately in the
statement of profit and loss as past service costs.
Income tax expense represents the sum of the tax
currently payable and deferred tax.
a) Current tax: Current tax is the amount of tax
payable on the taxable income for the year as
determined in accordance with the applicable
tax rates and the provisions of the Income Tax
Act, 1961.
b) Minimum Alternate Tax (MAT) : paid in
accordance with the tax laws, which gives future
economic benefits in the form of adjustment
to future income tax liability, is considered
as an asset if there is convincing evidence
that the Company will pay normal income tax.
Accordingly, MAT is recognised as an asset in
the Balance Sheet when it is highly probable
that future economic benefit associated with it
will flow to the Company.
c) Deferred tax: Deferred tax is recognized
using the balance sheet approach. Deferred
tax assets and liabilities are recognised on
temporary differences between the carrying
amounts of assets and liabilities in the financial
statement and the corresponding tax bases
used in the computation of taxable profit.
Deferred tax liabilities are generally recognised
for all taxable temporary differences. Deferred
tax assets are generally recognised for all
deductible temporary differences to the extent
that it is probable that taxable profits will
be available against which those deductible
temporary differences can be utilised. The
carrying amount of deferred tax assets is
reviewed at the end of each reporting period
and reduced to the extent that it is no longer
probable that sufficient taxable profits will be
available to allow all or part of the asset to be
utilised. Deferred tax liabilities and assets are
measured at the tax rates that are expected to
apply in the period in which the liability is settled
or the asset realised, based on tax rates (and tax
laws) that have been enacted or substantively
enacted by the end of the reporting period.
The measurement of deferred tax liabilities
and assets reflects the tax consequences that
would follow from the manner in which the
Company expects, at the end of the reporting
period, to recover or settle the carrying amount
of its assets and liabilities.
Land and buildings held for use in the production
or supply of goods or services, or for administrative
purposes, are stated at cost less accumulated
depreciation and accumulated impairment losses.
Freehold land is carried at historical cost.
Property, plant and equipment are carried at cost
less accumulated depreciation and impairment
losses, if any. The cost of property, plant and
equipment comprises its purchase price/ acquisition
cost, net of any trade discounts and rebates, any
import duties and other taxes (other than those
subsequently recoverable from the tax authorities),
any directly attributable expenditure on making the
asset ready for its intended use, other incidental
expenses and interest on borrowings attributable
to acquisition of qualifying property, plant and
equipment up to the date the asset is ready for
its intended use. Subsequent expenditure on
property, plant and equipment after its purchase /
completion is capitalised only if such expenditure
results in an increase in the future benefits from
such asset beyond its previously assessed standard
of performance.
Depreciation on Property, plant and equipment
(other than freehold land) has been provided on the
straight-line method as per the useful life prescribed
in Schedule II to the Companies Act, 2013, except
in the case of fixtures at stores, has been provided
based on the lease period of the respective premises.
The estimated useful life of the tangible assets and
the useful life are reviewed at the end of the each
financial year and the depreciation period is revised
to reflect the changed pattern, if any. An item of
property, plant and equipment is derecognised upon
disposal or when no future economic benefits are
expected to arise from continued use of the asset.
Any gain or loss arising on the disposal or retirement
of an item of property, plant and equipment is
determined as the difference between the sale
proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset and
is recognised in the statement of profit and loss. Any
leasehold improvements is depreciated over the
lease term.
Investment properties are properties held to earn
rentals and/or for capital appreciation (including
property under construction for such purposes).
Investment properties are measured initially at cost,
including transaction costs. Subsequent to initial
recognition, investment properties are measured in
accordance with Ind AS 16''s requirements for cost
model. An investment property is derecognised
upon disposal or when the investment property is
permanently withdrawn from use and no future
economic benefits are expected from the disposal.
Any gain or loss arising on derecognition of the
property (calculated as the difference between
the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount
of the asset) is included in profit or loss in the
period in which the property is derecognised. The
depreciation on Property, plant and equipment
(other than freehold land) has been provided on the
straight-line method as per the useful life prescribed
in Schedule II to the Companies Act, 2013.
Intangible assets are stated at cost less accumulated
amortisation and impairment. Intangible assets are
amortised over their respective estimated useful
lives on a straight line basis, from the date that they
are available for use. The estimated useful life of an
identifiable intangible asset is based on a number
of factors including the effects of obsolescence,
demand, competition and other economic
factors (such as the stability of the industry and
known technological advances) and the level of
maintenance expenditures required to obtain the
expected future cash flows from the asset. Estimated
useful lives of the intangible assets is 10 years. The
estimated useful life of the intangible assets and the
amortisation period are reviewed at the end of the
each financial year and the amortisation period is
revised to reflect the changed pattern, if any.
At the end of each reporting period, the Company
reviews the carrying amounts of its tangible and
intangible assets to determine whether there is
any indication that those assets have suffered an
impairment loss. If any such indication exists, the
recoverable amount of the asset is estimated in
order to determine the extent of the impairment
loss (if any). Recoverable amount is the higher of
fair value less costs of disposal and value in use. In
assessing value in use, the estimated future cash
flows are discounted to their present value using a
pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market
assessments of the time value of money and the
risks specific to the asset for which the estimates
of future cash flows have not been adjusted. If the
recoverable amount of an asset is estimated to be
less than its carrying amount, the carrying amount
of the asset is reduced to its recoverable amount. An
impairment loss is recognised immediately in profit
or loss.
When an impairment loss subsequently reverses,
the carrying amount of the asset is increased to
the revised estimate of its recoverable amount,
but so that the increased carrying amount does
not exceed the carrying amount that would have
been determined had no impairment loss been
recognised for the asset in prior years. A reversal
of an impairment loss is recognised immediately in
statement of profit and loss.
Inventories (including stock-in-transit) are stated
at lower of cost or net realizable value. Cost is
determined on the procurement cost basis. Due
to a large number and diverse nature of inventory
items, cost is estimated as near as possible for each
stock keeping unit including freight and applicable
taxes, etc.
Net realizable value represents the estimated selling
price less all estimated costs necessary to make
the sale.
No valuation is done for damaged stock since its
realizable value, if any, is negligible.
Mar 31, 2024
This note provides a list of the Material Accounting policies adopted in the preparation of these financial statements. These policies have been consistently applied to all the years presented, unless otherwise stated.
(a) Basis for preparation
The Standalone financial statements presented herein reflect the company''s result of operations, assets and liabilities, statement of changes in equity and cash flows as at and for the period ended Mar 31,2024.
The Standalone financial statements of the company have been prepared in accordance with recognition and measurement principles laid down in Indian Accounting Standards (Ind AS), prescribed under Section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013 (the ""Act"") read with relevant rules issued thereunder and other accounting priciples generally accepted in India. The accounting policies followed in the preparation of the Standalone financial statements are consistent with those followed in the preparation of Financial statements as at and for the year ended March 31,2023.
(b) Statement of Compliance
These financial statement of the Company have been prepared in accordance with Indian Accounting Standard (Ind AS) under the historical cost convention on the accrual basis except for certain financial instruments which are measured at fair values, the provisions of the Companies Act, 2013 (''the Act'') (to the extent notified). The Ind AS are prescribed under Section 133 of the Act read with Rule 3 of the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015 and relevant amendment rules issued thereafter.
(c) Use of estimates and judgement
The preparation of financial statement in conformity with Ind AS requires management to make judgements, estimates and assumptions that affect the application of accounting policies and the reported amount of assets and liabilities, revenues and expenses and disclosure of contingent liabilities. Such estimates and assumptions are based on managementâs evaluation of relevant facts and circumstances as on the date of financial statement. The actual outcome may diverge from these estimates. The estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on
an on-going basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognised in the period in which the estimate is revised if the revision affects only that period, or in the period of the revision and future periods if the revision affects both current and future periods.
(i) Useful lives of property, plant and equipment:
The Company reviews the useful life of property, plant and equipment at the end of each reporting period. This re-assessment may result in change in depreciation expense in future periods.
(ii) Fair value of financial assets and liabilities and investments:
The Company measures certain financial assets and liabilities on fair value basis at each balance sheet date or at the time they are assessed for impairment. Fair value measurement that are based on significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) requires estimates of operating margin, discount rate, future growth rate, terminal values, etc. based on managementâs best estimate about future developments.
(iii) Provisions and contingent liabilities :
Provisions: A provision is recognised when the Company has a present obligation as a result of past events and it is probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation, in respect of which a reliable estimate can be made. The amount recognised as a provision is the best estimate of the consideration required to settle the present obligation at the end of the reporting period, taking into account the risks and uncertainties surrounding the obligation. When a provision is measured using the cash flows estimated to settle the present obligation, its carrying amount is the present value of those cash flows (when the effect of time value of money is material). Contingent liabilities: Contingent liabilities are not recognised but are disclosed in notes to accounts.
(d) Functional and presentation currency
Items included in the financial statement of the Company are measured using the currency of the primary economic environment in which the Company operates (i.e. the âfunctional currencyâ). The financial statement are presented in Indian Rupee, the national currency of India, which is the functional currency of the Company.
(e) Revenue Recognition
a) Sale of goods: Revenue from the sale of goods is recognized at the point in time when control over the goods sold is transferred to the customer. Revenue is measured based on the transaction price, which is the consideration, net of discounts, variable considerations, other similar charges, as specified in
the contract with the customer. Additionally, revenue excludes taxes collected from customers, which are subsequently remitted to governmental authorities.
b) Interest income: Interest income from a financial asset is recognised when it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the Company and the amount of income can be measured reliably. Interest income is accrued on a time basis, by reference to the principal outstanding and at the effective interest rate applicable, which is the rate that exactly discounts estimated future cash receipts through the expected life of the financial asset of that assetâs net carrying amount on initial recognition.
c) Service Income - Service income is recognized on rendering of services based on the agreements / arrangements with the concerned parties.
(f) Leases
The Companyâs lease asset classes consist of leases for buildings. The Company, at the inception of a contract, assesses whether the contract is a lease or not lease. A contract is, or contains, a lease if the contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset for a time in exchange for a consideration. This policy has been applied to contracts existing and entered into on or after April 1, 2019 (standard effective date). The Company recognises a right-of-use asset and a lease liability at the later of lease commencement date or April 01, 2019. The right-of-use asset is initially measured at cost, which comprises the initial amount of the lease liability adjusted for any lease payments made at or before the commencement date, plus any initial direct costs incurred and an estimate of costs to dismantle and remove the underlying asset or to restore the underlying asset or the site on which it is located, less any lease incentives received. The right-of-use asset is subsequently depreciated using the straight-line method from the commencement date to the end of the lease term. The lease liability is initially measured at the present value of the lease payments that are not paid at the commencement date, discounted using the Companyâs incremental borrowing rate. It is premeasured when there is a change in future lease payments arising from a change in an index or rate, if there is a change in the Companyâs estimate of the amount expected to be payable under a residual value guarantee, or if the Company changes its assessment of whether it will exercise a purchase, extension or termination option. When the lease liability is premeasured in this way, a corresponding adjustment is made to the carrying amount of the right-of-use asset, or is recorded in profit or loss ifthe carrying amount of the right-of-use asset has been reduced to zero. The Company has elected not to recognise right-of-use assets and lease liabilities for short-term leases that have a lease term (Non Cancellable) of 12 months or less and leases of low-value assets. The Company recognises
the lease payments associated with these leases as an expense over the lease term.
(g) Foreign currencies
Transactions in currencies other than the entityâs functional currency (foreign currencies) are recognized at the rates of exchange prevailing at the date of the transaction. At the end of each reporting period, monetary items denominated in foreign currencies are retranslated at the rates prevailing at that date. Non-monetary items that are measured in terms of historical cost in a foreign currency are not retranslated. Exchange differences on monetary items are recognised in the statement of profit and loss in the period in which they arise except for exchange differences on transactions designated as fair value hedge, if any.
(h) Borrowing costs
Borrowing costs directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of qualifying assets, which are assets that necessarily take a substantial period of time to get ready for their intended use or sale are added to the cost of those assets, until such time the assets are substantially ready for their intended use or sale. All other borrowing costs are recognised in profit or loss in the period in which they are incurred.
(i) Employee benefits
Leave Encashment : Compensatory absence which accrue to the employees which are expected to be availed or encashed within twelve months after the end of the period in which the employees render the related service are shortterm in nature. These compensatory absences require measurement on an actual basis and not on actuarial basis.
Defined contribution plan : The company makes defined contribution to Provident Fund and Employee State Insurance which are recognized in the statement of Profit and Loss on accrual basis.
Defined benefit plan : The companyâs liability towards gratuity is determined on the basis of year end actuarial valuations applying the Projected Unit Credit Method done by an independent actuary as on the Balance sheet date. Actuarial losses and gains are recognized in Other Comprehensive Income (OCI) and are not reclassified to the statement of profit and loss in any subsequent periods. Changes in the present value of the defined benefit obligation resulting from plan amendments or curtailments are recognized immediately in the statement of profit and loss as past service costs.
(j) Taxation
Income tax expense represents the sum of the tax currently payable and deferred tax.
a) Current tax: Current tax is the amount of tax payable on the taxable income for the year as determined in
accordance with the applicable tax rates and the provisions of the Income Tax Act, 1961.
b) Minimum Alternate Tax (MAT) : paid in accordance with the tax laws, which gives future economic benefits in the form of adjustment to future income tax liability, is considered as an asset if there is convincing evidence that the Company will pay normal income tax. Accordingly, MAT is recognised as an asset in the Balance Sheet when it is highly probable that future economic benefit associated with it will flow to the Company.
c) Deferred tax: Deferred tax is recognized using the balance sheet approach. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognised on temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities in the financial statement and the corresponding tax bases used in the computation of taxable profit. Deferred tax liabilities are generally recognised for all taxable temporary differences. Deferred tax assets are generally recognised for all deductible temporary differences to the extent that it is probable that taxable profits will be available against which those deductible temporary differences can be utilised. The carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reviewed at the end of each reporting period and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profits will be available to allow all or part of the asset to be utilised. Deferred tax liabilities and assets are measured at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the period in which the liability is settled or the asset realised, based on tax rates (and tax laws) that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the end of the reporting period. The measurement of deferred tax liabilities and assets reflects the tax consequences that would follow from the manner in which the Company expects, at the end of the reporting period, to recover or settle the carrying amount of its assets and liabilities.
(k) Property, Plant and Equipment
Land and buildings held for use in the production or supply of goods or services, or for administrative purposes, are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses. Freehold land is carried at historical cost.
Property, plant and equipment are carried at cost less accumulated depreciation and impairment losses, if any. The cost of property, plant and equipment comprises its purchase price/ acquisition cost, net of any trade discounts and rebates, any import duties and other taxes (other than those subsequently recoverable from the tax authorities), any directly attributable expenditure on making the asset ready for its intended use, other incidental expenses and interest on borrowings attributable to acquisition of qualifying property, plant and equipment up to the date the
asset is ready for its intended use. Subsequent expenditure on property, plant and equipment after its purchase / completion is capitalised only if such expenditure results in an increase in the future benefits from such asset beyond its previously assessed standard of performance.
Depreciation on Property, plant and equipment (other than freehold land) has been provided on the straight-line method as per the useful life prescribed in Schedule II to the Companies Act, 2013, except in the case of fixtures at stores, has been provided based on the lease period of the respective premises.. The estimated useful life of the tangible assets and the useful life are reviewed at the end of the each financial year and the depreciation period is revised to reflect the changed pattern, if any. An item of property, plant and equipment is derecognised upon disposal or when no future economic benefits are expected to arise from continued use of the asset. Any gain or loss arising on the disposal or retirement of an item of property, plant and equipment is determined as the difference between the sale proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset and is recognised in the statement of profit and loss. Any leasehold improvements is depreciated over the lease term.
(l) Investment Property
Investment properties are properties held to earn rentals and/or for capital appreciation (including property under construction for such purposes). Investment properties are measured initially at cost, including transaction costs. Subsequent to initial recognition, investment properties are measured in accordance with Ind AS 16''s requirements for cost model. An investment property is derecognised upon disposal or when the investment property is permanently withdrawn from use and no future economic benefits are expected from the disposal. Any gain or loss arising on derecognition of the property (calculated as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset) is included in profit or loss in the period in which the property is derecognised. The depreciation on Property, plant and equipment (other than freehold land) has been provided on the straight-line method as per the useful life prescribed in Schedule II to the Companies Act, 2013.
(m) Intangible assets
Intangible assets are stated at cost less accumulated amortisation and impairment. Intangible assets are amortised over their respective estimated useful lives on a straight line basis, from the date that they are available for use. The estimated useful life of an identifiable intangible asset is based on a number of factors including the effects of obsolescence, demand, competition and other economic factors (such as the stability of the industry and known technological advances) and the level of maintenance expenditures required to obtain the expected future cash flows from the asset. Estimated useful lives of the intangible assets is 10 years. The estimated useful life of the intangible
assets and the amortisation period are reviewed at the end of the each financial year and the amortisation period is revised to reflect the changed pattern, if any.
(n) Impairment of tangible and intangible assets
At the end of each reporting period, the Company reviews the carrying amounts of its tangible and intangible assets to determine whether there is any indication that those assets have suffered an impairment loss. If any such indication exists, the recoverable amount of the asset is estimated in order to determine the extent of the impairment loss (if any). Recoverable amount is the higher of fair value less costs of disposal and value in use. In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the asset for which the estimates of future cash flows have not been adjusted. If the recoverable amount of an asset is estimated to be less than its carrying amount, the carrying amount of the asset is reduced to its recoverable amount. An impairment loss is recognised immediately in profit or loss. When an impairment loss subsequently reverses, the carrying amount of the asset is increased to the revised estimate of its recoverable amount, but so that the increased carrying amount does not exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined had no impairment loss been recognised for the asset in prior years. A reversal of an impairment loss is recognised immediately in statement of profit and loss.
(o) Inventories
Inventories (including stock-in-transit) are stated at lower of cost or net realizable value. Cost is determined on the procurement cost basis. Due to a large number and diverse nature of inventory items, cost is estimated as near as possible for each stock keeping unit including freight and applicable taxes, etc. Net realizable value represents the estimated selling price less all estimated costs necessary to make the sale. No valuation is done for damaged stock since its realizable value, if any, is negligible.
Mar 31, 2023
Significant Accounting policies
Note 1: Corporate information
M/s Sai Silks (Kalamandir) Limited ("The Company") is incorporated under the Companies Act, 1956 in Hyderabad on 03-Jul-2008 having the CIN U52190TG2008PLC059968, The Company is engaged in the business of buying and selling of textile and textile articles as a Retailer in the name and style of "Kalamandir", "Varamahalakshmi", "Mandir" and "KLM Fashions" in the state of Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka and Tamil Nadu.
Note 2: Summary of significant accounting policies
This note provides a list of the significant accounting policies adopted in the preparation of these financial statements. These policies have been consistently applied to all the years presented, unless otherwise stated.
(a) Basis for preparation
The Standalone financial statements presented herein reflect the company''s result of operations, assets and liabilities, statement of changes in equity and cash flows as at and for the year ended Mar 31, 2023.
The Standalone financial statements of the company have been prepared in accordance with recognition and measurement principles laid down in Indian Accounting Standards (Ind AS), prescribed under Section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013 (the "Act") read with relevant rules issued thereunder and other accounting priciples generally accepted in India. The accounting policies followed in the preparation of the Standalone financial statements are consistent with those followed in the preparation of Financial statements as at and for the year ended March 31, 2022.
(b) Statement of Compliance
These financial statement of the Company have been prepared in accordance with Indian Accounting Standard (Ind AS) under the historical cost convention on the accrual basis except for certain financial instruments which are measured at fair values, the provisions of the Companies Act, 2013 (''the Act'') (to the extent notified). The Ind AS are prescribed under Section 133 of the Act read with Rule 3 of the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015 and relevant amendment rules issued thereafter.
(c) Use of estimates and judgement
The preparation of financial statement in conformity with Ind AS requires management to make judgements, estimates and assumptions that affect the application of accounting policies and the reported amount of assets and liabilities, revenues and expenses and disclosure of contingent liabilities. Such estimates and assumptions are based on management''s evaluation of relevant facts and circumstances as on the date of financial statement. The actual outcome may diverge from these estimates.
The estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an on-going basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognised in the period in which the estimate is revised if the revision affects only that period, or in the period of the revision and future periods if the revision affects both current and future periods.
(i) Useful lives of property, plant and equipment:
The Company reviews the useful life of property, plant and equipment at the end of each reporting period. This re-assessment may result in change in depreciation expense in future periods.
(ii) Fair value of financial assets and liabilities and investments:
The Company measures certain financial assets and liabilities on fair value basis at each balance sheet date or at the time they are assessed for impairment. Fair value measurement that are based on significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) requires estimates of operating margin, discount rate, future growth rate, terminal values, etc. based on management''s best estimate about future developments.
(iii) Provisions and contingent liabilities :
Provisions: A provision is recognised when the Company has a present obligation as a result of past events and it is probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation, in respect of which a reliable estimate can be made.
The amount recognised as a provision is the best estimate of the consideration required to settle the present obligation at the end of the reporting period, taking into account the risks and uncertainties surrounding the obligation. When a provision is measured using the cash flows estimated to settle the present obligation, its carrying amount is the present value of those cash flows (when the effect of time value of money is material). Contingent liabilities: Contingent liabilities are not recognised but are disclosed in notes to accounts.
(d) Functional and presentation currency
Items included in the financial statement of the Company are measured using the currency of the primary economic environment in which the Company operates (i.e. the "functional currency"). The financial statement are presented in Indian Rupee, the national currency of India, which is the functional currency of the Company.
(e) Revenue Recognition
a) Sale of goods: Revenue from the sale of goods is recognized at the point in time when control over the goods sold is transferred to the customer. Revenue is measured based on the transaction price, which is the consideration, net of discounts, variable considerations, other similar charges, as specified in the contract with the customer. Additionally, revenue excludes taxes collected from customers, which are subsequently remitted to governmental authorities.
b) Interest income: Interest income from a financial asset is recognised when it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the Company and the amount of income can be measured reliably. Interest income is accrued on a time basis, by reference to the principal outstanding and at the effective interest rate applicable, which is the rate that exactly discounts estimated future cash receipts through the expected life of the financial asset of that asset''s net carrying amount on initial recognition.
c) Service Income - Service income is recognized on rendering of services based on the agreements / arrangements with the concerned parties.
The Company''s lease asset classes consist of leases for buildings. The Company, at the inception of a contract, assesses whether the contract is a lease or not lease. A contract is, or contains, a lease if the contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset for a time in exchange for a consideration. This policy has been applied to contracts existing and entered into on or after April 1, 2019 (standard effective date). The Company recognises a right-of-use asset and a lease liability at the later of lease commencement date or April 01, 2019. The right-of-use asset is initially measured at cost, which comprises the initial amount of the lease liability adjusted for any lease payments made at or before the commencement date, plus any initial direct costs incurred and an estimate of costs to dismantle and remove the underlying asset or to restore the underlying asset or the site on which it is located, less any lease incentives received. The right-of-use asset is subsequently depreciated using the straight-line method from the commencement date to the end of the lease term. The lease liability is initially measured at the present value of the lease payments that are not paid at the commencement date, discounted using the Company''s incremental borrowing rate. It is premeasured when there is a change in future lease payments arising from a change in an index or rate, if there is a change in the Company''s estimate of the amount expected to be payable under a residual value guarantee, or if the Company changes its assessment of whether it will exercise a purchase, extension or termination option.
When the lease liability is premeasured in this way, a corresponding adjustment is made to the carrying amount of the right-of-use asset, or is recorded in profit or loss if the carrying amount of the right-of-use asset has been reduced to zero.
The Company has elected not to recognise right-of-use assets and lease liabilities for short-term leases that have a lease term of 12 months or less and leases of low-value assets. The Company recognises the lease payments associated with these leases as an expense over the lease term.
(g ) Foreign currencies
Transactions in currencies other than the entity''s functional currency (foreign currencies) are recognized at the rates of exchange prevailing at the date of the transaction. At the end of each reporting period, monetary items denominated in foreign currencies are retranslated at the rates prevailing at that date. Non-monetary items that are measured in terms of historical cost in a foreign currency are not retranslated. Exchange differences on monetary items are recognised in the statement of profit and loss in the period in which they arise except for exchange differences on transactions designated as fair value hedge, if any.
(h) Borrowing costs
Borrowing costs directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of qualifying assets, which are assets that necessarily take a substantial period of time to get ready for their intended use or sale are added to the cost of those assets, until such time the assets are substantially ready for their intended use or sale.
All other borrowing costs are recognised in profit or loss in the period in which they are incurred.
(i) Employee benefits
Leave Encashment: Compensatory absence which accrue to the employees which are expected to be availed or encashed within twelve months after the end of the period in which the employees render the related service are short-term in nature. These compensatory absences require measurement on an actual basis and not on actuarial basis.
Defined contribution plan : The company makes defined contribution to Provident Fund and Employee State Insurance which are recognized in the statement of Profit and Loss on accrual basis.
Defined benefit plan : The company''s liability towards gratuity is determined on the basis of year end actuarial valuations applying the Projected Unit Credit Method done by an independent actuary as on the Balance sheet date.
Actuarial losses and gains are recognized in Other Comprehensive Income (OCI) and are not reclassified to the statement of profit and loss in any subsequent periods. Changes in the present value of the defined benefit obligation resulting from plan amendments or curtailments are recognized immediately in the statement of profit and loss as past service costs.
(j) Taxation
Income tax expense represents the sum of the tax currently payable and deferred tax.
a) Current tax: Current tax is the amount of tax payable on the taxable income for the year as determined in accordance with the applicable tax rates and the provisions of the Income Tax Act, 1961.
b) Minimum Alternate Tax (MAT) : paid in accordance with the tax laws, which gives future economic benefits in the form of adjustment to future income tax liability, is considered as an asset if there is convincing evidence that the Company will pay normal income tax. Accordingly, MAT is recognised as an asset in the Balance Sheet when it is highly probable that future economic benefit associated with it will flow to the Company.
c) Deferred tax: Deferred tax is recognized using the balance sheet approach. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognised on temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities in the financial statement and the corresponding tax bases used in the computation of taxable profit. Deferred tax liabilities are generally recognised for all taxable temporary differences. Deferred tax assets are generally recognised for all deductible temporary differences to the extent that it is probable that taxable profits will be available against which those deductible temporary differences can be utilised. The carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reviewed at the end of each reporting period and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profits will be available to allow all or part of the asset to be utilised. Deferred tax liabilities and assets are measured at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the period in which the liability is settled or the asset realised, based on tax rates (and tax laws) that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the end of the reporting period. The measurement of deferred tax liabilities and assets reflects the tax consequences that would follow from the manner in which the Company expects, at the end of the reporting period, to recover or settle the carrying amount of its assets and liabilities.
Land and buildings held for use in the production or supply of goods or services, or for administrative purposes, are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses. Freehold land is carried at historical cost.
Property, plant and equipment are carried at cost less accumulated depreciation and impairment losses, if any. The cost of property, plant and equipment comprises its purchase price/ acquisition cost, net of any trade discounts and rebates, any import duties and other taxes (other than those subsequently recoverable from the tax authorities), any directly attributable expenditure on making the asset ready for its intended use, other incidental expenses and interest on borrowings attributable to acquisition of qualifying property, plant and equipment up to the date the asset is ready for its intended use. Subsequent expenditure on property, plant and equipment after its purchase / completion is capitalised only if such expenditure results in an increase in the future benefits from such asset beyond its previously assessed standard of performance.
Depreciation on Property, plant and equipment (other than freehold land) has been provided on the straight-line method as per the useful life prescribed in Schedule II to the Companies Act, 2013, except in the case of fixutes at stores, has been provided based on the lease period of the respective premises.. The estimated useful life of the tangible assets and the useful life are reviewed at the end of the each financial year and the depreciation period is revised to reflect the changed pattern, if any. An item of property, plant and equipment is derecognised upon disposal or when no future economic benefits are expected to arise from continued use of the asset. Any gain or loss arising on the disposal or retirement of an item of property, plant and equipment is determined as the difference between the sale proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset and is recognised in the statement of profit and loss. Any leasehold improvements is depreciated over the lease term.
(l) Investment Property
Investment properties are properties held to earn rentals and/or for capital appreciation (including property under construction for such purposes). Investment properties are measured initially at cost, including transaction costs. Subsequent to initial recognition, investment properties are measured in accordance with Ind AS 16''s requirements for cost model. An investment property is derecognised upon disposal or when the investment property is permanently withdrawn from use and no future economic benefits are expected from the disposal. Any gain or loss arising on derecognition of the property (calculated as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset) is included in profit or loss in the period in which the property is derecognised. The depreciation on Property, plant and equipment (other than freehold land) has been provided on the straight-line method as per the useful life prescribed in Schedule II to the Companies Act,
Intangible assets are stated at cost less accumulated amortisation and impairment. Intangible assets are amortised over their respective estimated useful lives on a straight line basis, from the date that they are available for use. The estimated useful life of an identifiable intangible asset is based on a number of factors including the effects of obsolescence, demand, competition and other economic factors (such as the stability of the industry and known technological advances) and the level of maintenance expenditures required to obtain the expected future cash flows from the asset. Estimated useful lives of the intangible assets is 6 years which contains Software. The estimated useful life of the intangible assets and the amortisation period are reviewed at the end of the each financial year and the amortisation period is revised to reflect the changed pattern, if any.
At the end of each reporting period, the Company reviews the carrying amounts of its tangible and intangible assets to determine whether there is any indication that those assets have suffered an impairment loss. If any such indication exists, the recoverable amount of the asset is estimated in order to determine the extent of the impairment loss (if any). Recoverable amount is the higher of fair value less costs of disposal and value in use. In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the asset for which the estimates of future cash flows have not been adjusted. If the recoverable amount of an asset is estimated to be less than its carrying amount, the carrying amount of the asset is reduced to its recoverable amount. An impairment loss is recognised immediately in profit or loss.
When an impairment loss subsequently reverses, the carrying amount of the asset is increased to the revised estimate of its recoverable amount, but so that the increased carrying amount does not exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined had no impairment loss been recognised for the asset in prior years. A reversal of an impairment loss is recognised immediately in statement of profit and loss.
Inventories (including stock-in-transit) are stated at lower of cost or net realizable value. Cost is determined on ''Weighted Average'' basis. Due to a large number and diverse nature of inventory items, cost is estimated as near as possible for each stock keeping unit including freight and applicable taxes, etc.
Net realizable value represents the estimated selling price less all estimated costs necessary to make the sale.
No valuation is done for damaged stock since its realizable value, if any, is negligible.
Provisions: A provision is recognised when the Company has a present obligation as a result of past events and it is probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation, in respect of which a reliable estimate can be made.
The amount recognised as a provision is the best estimate of the consideration required to settle the present obligation at the end of the reporting period, taking into account the risks and uncertainties surrounding the obligation. When a provision is measured using the cash flows estimated to settle the present obligation, its carrying amount is the present value of those cash flows (when the effect of time value of money is material). Contingent liabilities: Contingent liabilities are not recognised but are disclosed in notes to accounts.
Financial assets and financial liabilities are recognised when the Company becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instruments. Financial assets and liabilities are initially recognised at fair value. Transaction costs that are directly attributable to financial assets and liabilities [other than financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value through profit and loss (FVTPL)] are added to or deducted from the fair value of the financial assets or liabilities, as appropriate on initial recognition. Transaction costs directly attributable to acquisition of financial assets or liabilities measured at FVTPL are recognised immediately in the statement of profit and loss.
a) Non-derivative Financial assets: All regular way purchases or sales of financial assets are recognised and derecognised on a trade date basis. Regular way purchases or sales are purchases or sales of financial assets that require delivery of assets within the time frame established by regulation or convention in the marketplace. All recognised financial assets are subsequently measured in their entirety at either amortised cost or fair value, depending on the classification of the financial assets
Financial assets at amortised cost
A financial asset is measured at amortised cost if both of the following conditions are met:
1) the financial asset is held within a business model whose objective is to hold financial assets in order to collect contractual cash flows and
2) the contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest (SPPI) on the principal amount outstanding.
Effective interest method:
The effective interest method is a method of calculating the amortised cost of a debt instrument and of allocating interest income over the relevant period. The effective interest rate is that which exactly discounts estimated future cash receipts through the expected life of the debt instrument, or, where appropriate, a shorter period, to the net carrying amount on initial recognition. Income is recognised on an effective interest basis for debt instruments other than those financial assets. Interest income is recognised in profit or loss and is
b) Derecognition of financial assets: A financial asset is derecognised only when the Company:
- has transferred the rights to receive cash flows from the financial asset or
- retains the contractual rights to receive the cash flows of the financial asset, but assumes a contractual obligation to pay the cash flows to one or more recipients. When the entity has transferred an asset, the Company evaluates whether it has transferred
substantially all risks and rewards of ownership of the financial asset. In such cases, the financial asset is derecognised. Where the entity has not transferred substantially all risks and rewards of ownership of the financial asset, the financial asset is not derecognised.
Where the entity has neither transferred a financial asset nor retains substantially all risks and rewards of ownership of the financial asset, the financial asset is derecognised if the Company has not retained control of the financial asset. When the Company retains control of the financial asset, the asset is continued to be tfggoibnjsed to the extent of continuing involvement in the financial asset.
c) Foreign exchange gains and losses: The fair value of financial assets denominated in a foreign currency is determined in that foreign currency and translated at the spot rate at the end of each reporting period. For foreign currency denominated financial assets measured at amortised cost and FVTPL, the exchange differences are recognised in statement of profit and loss.
d) Financial liabilities: All financial liabilities are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method or at FVTPL.
Financial liabilities at FVTPL - Financial liabilities at FVTPL are stated at fair value, with any gains or losses arising on remeasurement recognised in statement of profit and loss. The net gain or loss recognised in statement of profit and loss incorporates any interest paid on the financial liability and is included in the ''Other income/Other expenses'' line item.
Financial liabilities subsequently measured at amortised cost
Financial liabilities that are not held-for-trading and are not designated as at FVTPL are measured at amortised cost at the end of subsequent accounting periods. The carrying amounts of financial liabilities that are subsequently measured at amortised cost are determined based on the effective interest method.
The effective interest method is a method of calculating the amortised cost of a financial liability and of allocating interest expense over the relevant period. The effective interest rate is the rate that exactly discounts estimated future cash payments through the expected life of the financial liability, or (where appropriate) a shorter period, to the net carrying amount on initial recognition.
Foreign exchange gains and losses
For financial liabilities that are denominated in a foreign currency and are measured at amortised cost at the end of each reporting period, the foreign exchange gains and losses are determined based on the amortised cost of the instruments and are recognised in the statement of profit and loss. The fair value of financial liabilities denominated in a foreign currency is determined in that foreign currency and translated at the spot rate at the end of the reporting period. For financial liabilities that are measured as at FVTPL, the foreign exchange component forms part of the fair value gains or losses and is recognised in the statement of profit
anH lr*cc
Derecognition of financial liabilities
The Company derecognises financial liabilities when, and only when, the Company''s obligations are discharged, cancelled or have expired. An exchange between with a lender of debt instruments with substantially different terms is
accounted for as an extinguishment of the original financial liability and the recognition of a new financial liahilih/
Operating segments are reported in the manner consistent with the internal reporting to the Managing director. The Company is reported at an overall level, and hence there are no separate reportable segments as per Ind AS 108.
Cash comprises cash on hand and demand deposits with banks. Cash equivalents are short-term balances (with an original maturity of three months or less from the date of acquisition) and highly liquid investments that are readily convertible into known.amounts of cash and which are subject to insignificant risk of changes in value.
(t) Earnings per share (EPS)
Basic earnings per share are computed using the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the period.
Diluted EPS is computed by dividing the profit or loss attributable to ordinary equity holders by the weighted average number of equity shares considered for deriving basic EPS and also weighted average number of equity shares that could have been issued upon conversion of all dilutive potential equity shares. Dilutive potential equity shares are deemed converted as of the beginning of the period, unless issued at a later date. Dilutive potential equity shares are determined independently for each period presented. The number of equity shares and potentially dilutive equity shares are adjusted for bonus shares, as appropriate.
(u) Operating Cycle
Based on the nature of products / activities of the Company and the normal time between acquisition of assets and their realisation in cash or cash equivalents, the Company has determined its operating cycle as 12 months for the purpose of classification of its assets and liabilities as current and non-current.
(v) Capital work-in-progress
Capital work in progress includes, cost of assets not yet commissioned, and incidental expenses during the construction period. Certain directly attributable pre-operative expenses during construction period are included under Capital Work in Progress. These expenses are allocated to the cost of Fixed Assets when the same are ready for intended use.
(w) Note on ESOP Trust
The company has created "SSKL Employees Trust" for providing share based payments to its employees. The company uses SSKL Employees Trust as a vehicle for distributing shares to employees under the employee remuneration schemes.
For the said purpose, the ESOP Trust borrowed funds from the Company and paid the same towards acquisition of shares of the Company for allocating the same to the eligible employees.
Own Equity instruments that are acquired (Treasury Shares) are recognised at Cost and deducted from Equity. No gain or loss is recognised in profit and loss on the purchase, sale, issue or cancellation of the Group''s own equity instruments. Any difference.between the Carrying amount and the consideration, if reissued / sold is recognised in Other Equity.
As the ESOP Trust carries out activities for the benefit of the employees of the Company, for appropriate presentation of the activity of the ESOP trust in the Standalone Financial Statements of the company, the Company has adopted the accounting policy to consolidate the ESOP Trust in the Standalone Financial Statements by treating the Trust as its extension.
Consequently, in the Standalone Financial Statements of the Company, the loan given to ESOP Trust is eliminated and the equity shares that are allotted to ESOP Trust (Treasury shares) are recognised at cost and disclosed as deduction from Equity.
Further, for the purpose of computation of Weighted Average Number of Equity shares outstanding for calculating Earnings per share, the weighted average number of Treasury shares outstanding are reduced from the number of shares at the end of the year.
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Mar 31, 2009
1. Basis of Accounting;
The Financial Statements are prepared under the historical cost
convention on an accrual basis and in accordance with applicable
Accounting Standards notified by the Government of India / issued by
the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India and the provisions of
the Companies Act, 1956.
2. Use of Estimates;
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally
accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates
and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and
liabilities and disclosure of contingent liabilities at the date of the
financial statements and the result of operations during the reporting
period. Although these estimates are based upon managements best
knowledge of current events and actions, actual results could differ
from these estimates.
3. Fixed Assets and Depreciation;
Fixed Assets are stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation. Cost
comprises the purchase price and any attributable cost of bringing the
asset to its working condition for its intended use. Financing costs
relating to acquisition of fixed assets are also included to the extent
they related to the period till such assets are ready to be put to use.
Depreciation is provided on Straight Line Method as per the rates and
in the manner prescribed in Schedule XIV to the Companies Act, 1956
with reference to the month of acquisition / installation / launching
of new stores. Depreciation on assets sold, scrapped or demolished
during the year is being provided at their respective rates up to the
month in which such assets are sold, scrapped or demolished as required
by Schedule XIV to the Companies Act, 1956.
4. Borrowing Cost;
Borrowing costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition,
construction or production of a qualifying asset are capitalized as
part of the cost of such asset till such time as the asset is ready for
its intended use. All other borrowing costs are recognized as an
expense in the period in which they are incurred.
5. Investments;
Long-term Investments are stated at cost. Provision for diminution is
being made if necessary to recognize a decline, other than temporary in
the value thereof.
6. Inventories;
Inventories are valued as follows;
a) Stores, Spare parts, Packing material and Branding material : At
cost
b) Raw material & Stitching material : At cost
c) Finished Goods : At lower of cost or net realizable value
7. Transactions in Foreign Currency;
Foreign currency transactions are recorded at the exchange rates
prevailing at the date of the transaction. Monetary foreign currency
assets and liabilities are translated into Indian rupees at the
exchange rate prevailing at the balance sheet date. All exchange
differences are dealt with in Profit and Loss Account.
8. Revenue Recognition;
Sale of Goods are accounted on deliver to customers. Sales is net of
returns, discounts and Sales Tax / Value Added basis except for work
sarees (made-ups), which was not collected for the customers. Export
sales is accounted as revenue on the basis of Bill of Lading. Interest
income is recognized on accrual basis. Dividend income is accounted for
when the right to receive is established. Claims are accounted when
there is reasonable certainty of its ultimate collection.
9. Miscellaneous Expenditure;
Conversion of Partnership into Private Limited Company under Part IX of
Companies Act, 1956 and Fee paid to Registrar of Companies for increase
of Authorized Capital from Rs.10 cr to Rs.20 cr., were accounted as
Preliminary Expenditure and expensed 5% for each year.
10. Retirement and other employee benefits;
Contributions to Provident Fund, ESI and Retirement benefits of
employees expensed on accrual basis.
11. Provision for current and deferred tax;
Provision for current tax and fringe benefits tax is made on the basis
of estimated taxable income and fringe benefits respectively for the
current accounting period in accordance with the provisions of Income
Tax Act, 1961. Deferred tax resulting from "timing differences" between
taxable and accounting income is accounted for using the tax rates and
laws that are enacted or substantively enacted as on the balance sheet
date. The deferred tax asset is recognized and carried forward only to
the extent that there is a virtual certainty that the asset will be
realized in future.
12. Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets
Provisions involving substantial degree of estimation in measurement
are recognized when there is present obligation as a result of past
events and it is probable that there will be an outflow of resources.
Contingent Liabilities are not recognized but are disclosed in the
notes. Contingent Assets are neither recognized nor disclosed in the
financial statements.
13. Impairment of Assets;
An asset is treated as impaired when the carrying cost of the asset
exceeds its recoverable value. An impairment loss is charged to Profit
& Loss Account in the year in which the asset is impaired and the
impairment loss recognized in prior accounting periods is reversed if
there has been a change in the estimate of recoverable amount.
14. Leases;
Operating lease payments are recognized as an expenses in the profit
and loss account as per the terms of the agreements which is
representative of the time pattern of the users benefit.
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