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Accounting Policies of RTS Power Corporation Ltd. Company
Mar 31, 2024
1 Corporate and General Information
RTS Power Corporation Limited (''the company'') is a public limited entity incorporated in India having its registered office at 56, Netaji Subhas Road, Kolkata-700001 in the State of West Bengal.The main business of the company is manufacturing and selling of Power and Distribution Transformers, Cables, indispensible equipment for generation, transmission and distribution of electricity and generation, supply and sales of Wind Power. The Company''s shares are listed on Bombay Stock Exchange Limited.
The standalone financial statements for the year ended March 31, 2024 were approved for issue by the Board of Directors of the company on May 30,2024 and are subject to the adoption by the shareholders in the ensuing Annual General Meeting
These financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the Indian Accounting Standards (hereinafter referred to as the "Ind AS") as notified under the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015 (as amended) read with Section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013 ("the Act"). The Ind ASs issued, notified and made effective till the financial statements are authorized and have been considered for the purpose of preparation of these financial statements.
The accounting policies are applied consistently to all the periods presented in the financial statements except where a newly issued accounting standard is initially adopted or a revision to an existing accounting standard requires a change in the accounting policy hitherto in use.
3 Significant Accounting Policies3.1 Basis of Preparation
The Financial Statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention except certain financial instruments which are measured in terms of relevant Ind AS at fair value/ amortized costs at the end of each reporting period. Historical cost convention is generally based on the fair value of the consideration given in exchange for goods and services.
All assets and liabilities have been classified as current or non-current as per the Company''s normal operating cycle and other criteria set out in Ind AS 1 "Presentation of Financial Statements" and in Division II of Schedule III to the Companies Act, 2013. Having regard to the nature of business being carried out by the Company, the Company has ascertained its operating cycle as twelve months for the purpose of current and non-current classification of assets and liabilities.
The functional currency of the Company is determined as the currency of the primary economic environment in which it operates. The Financial Statements are presented in Indian Rupees and all values are rounded off to the nearest two decimal Lakhs except otherwise stated.
Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date under current market conditions.
The Company categorizes assets and liabilities measured at fair value into one of three levels depending on the ability to observe inputs employed for such measurement:
Level 1: Inputs are quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
Level 2: Inputs other than quoted prices included within level 1 that are observable either directly or indirectly for the asset or liability.
Level 3: Inputs for the asset or liability which are not based on observable market data (unobservable inputs).
The company has an established control framework with respect to the measurement of fair values. This includes a finance team that has overall responsibility for overseeing all significant fair value measurements who regularly review significant unobservable inputs, valuation adjustments and fair value hierarchy under which the valuation should be classified.
3.3 Property Plant and Equipment (PPE)
Property, Plant and Equipment (PPE) are stated at cost of acquisition,construction and subsequent improvement thereto less accumulated depreciation and impairment loss, if any. For this purpose cost includes deemed cost on the date of transition and comprises purchase price of PPE or its construction cost and includes, where applicable, inward freight, duties and taxes, and other expenses related to acquisition or installation and any cost directly attributable to
bringing the assets into the location and condition necessary for it to be capable of operating in the manner intended for its use.Interest on borrowings utilised to finance the construction of qualifying assets are capitalised as part of cost of the asset until such time that the asset is ready for its intended use.
When parts of an item of PPE have different useful life''s, they are accounted for as separate items (major components) of the PPE.
The cost of replacing part of an item of property, plant and equipment is recognised in the carrying amount of the item if it is probable that the future economic benefits embodied within the part will flow to the Company and its cost can be measured reliably. The costs of day-to-day servicing of property, plant and equipment are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss in the period in which they are incurred.
PPE includes spares, standby equipments and servicing equipments which are expected to be used for a period more than 12 months and meets the recognition critieria of PPE.
The company''s lease assets comprising of Land has been separately shown under PPE as Right of Use (ROU) Assets. Depreciation and Amortization
Depreciation on Property, Plant and Equipment (unless stated otherwise) is provided as per Schedule II of the Companies Act, 2013 by the Company on written down value method. Subsequent costs incurred on Property, Plant and Equipment are depreciated over the remaining life of mother asset.
Depreciation on ROU assets is provided over the lease term or expected useful life of the asset, whichever is lower and depreciation on Property, Plant and Equipment (other than leasehold land) commences when the assets are ready for their intended use.
No depreciation is charged on Freehold land.
Based on above, the estimated useful life of the tangible assets for the current period are as follows:
|
Catogory |
Useful Life in years |
|
Factory Buildings |
30-75 |
|
Other than factory Building |
60-75 |
|
Plant and Equipment |
15-20 |
|
Furniture and Fixtures |
10 |
|
Motor Vehicles |
8 |
|
Office Equipment |
5 |
|
Computers |
3 |
For Buildings, the useful life has been determined based on internal assessment and independent evaluation carried out by technical experts. The useful life in case of remaining assets have been taken as per Schedule II of the Act. The Company believes that the useful life as given above represents the epriod over which the company expects to use the assets.
The residual value of an item of Property, Plant and Equipment has been kept at 5 percent or less of the cost of the respective assets.
Depreciation methods, useful lives, residual values are reviewed and adjusted as appropriate, at each reporting date.
Capital work in progress includes purchase price,import duty and any other directly attributable costs of bringing the assets to their working condition. Such items are classified to the appropriate catagories of Property, Plant and Equipment when completed and ready for intended use. Amount paid towards acquisition of Property, Plant and Equipment outstanding as at each reporting date are recognized as capital advance under "Other Non-Current Assets".
Investment properties are properties held to earn rentals or for capital appreciation, or both. Investment properties are measured initially at their cost of acquisition. The cost comprises purchase price, borrowing cost, if capitalization criteria are met and directly attributable cost of bringing the asset to its working condition for the intended use. Subsequent costs are included in the asset''s carrying amount or recognized as a separate asset, as appropriate, only when it is probable that future economic benefits associated with the item will flow to the Company. All other repair and maintenance costs are recognized in statement of profit or loss as incurred.
Depreciation on Investment Property is provided on written down value method considering 75 years as its useful life as determined by the management. Depreciation on Investment Property commences when the assets are ready for their intended use.
Based on above, the estimated useful lives of assets for the current period are as follows.
|
Catogory |
Useful Life in years |
|
Other than Factory Buildings |
75 |
Depreciation methods, useful lives, residual values are reviewed and adjusted as appropriate, at each reporting date.
Intangible assets are stated at cost of acquisition comprising of purchase price inclusive of duties and taxes less accumulated amortization and impairment losses, if any. An intangible asset is recognised if it is probable that the expected future economic benefits that are attributable to the asset will flow to the company and its cost can be measured reliably. Such assets are amortised fully (without keeping any residual value) on straight line method over their estimated useful life and assessed for impairment whenever there is an indication of the same.
Amortisation on Intangible Assets commences when the assets are ready for their intended use. Based on above, the estimated useful lives of assets for the current period are as follows.
|
Catogory |
Useful life (in years) |
|
Computer Software |
3 |
Amortisation methods and useful lives are reviewed and adjusted as appropriate, at the end of each reporting date.
3.7 Derecognition of Tangible and Intangible assets and Investment Property
An item of Property, Plant and Equipment, Intangible assets and Investment Property is de-recognised upon disposal or when no future economic benefits are expected to arise from its continued use. Any gain or loss arising on the disposal or retirement of an item of Property, Plant and Equipment, Intangible assets and Investment Property is determined as the difference between the sales proceeds and the carrying .amount of the asset and is recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss
3.8 Leases Company as a Lessee
The Company''s lease asset classes primarily consist of land taken on lease for business operations. The Company assesses whether a contract contains a lease, at inception of a contract. A contract is, or contains, a lease if the contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration. To assess whether a contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset, the Company assesses whether:
(i) the contract involves the use of an identified asset, (ii) the Company has substantially all of the economic benefits from use of the asset through the period of the lease and (iii) the Company has the right to direct the use of the asset. Lease payments associated with short term leases and leases in respect of low value assets are charged off as expenses on straight line basis over the lease term or other systematic basis, as applicable.
At commencement date, the value of "Right of Use Asset" is capitalized at the present value of outstanding lease payments plus any initial direct cost and estimated cost, if any, of dismantling and removing the underlying asset. The right-of-use asset is depreciated over the shorter of the asset''s useful life and the lease term on a straight-line basis. The lease liability is initially measured at amortized cost at the present value of the future lease payments. The lease payments are discounted using the interest rate implicit in the lease or, if not readily determinable, using the incremental borrowing rates of these leases. Subsequent measurement, if any, is made using cost model.
Each lease payment is allocated between the liability created and finance cost. The finance cost is charged to statement of profit & loss over the lease period so as to produce a constant periodic rate of interest on the remaining balance of the liability for each period.
Lease modifications, if any are accounted as a separate lease if the recognition criteria specified in the standard are met.
Company as a Lessor
Assets given on lease are either classified as operating lease or as finance lease. A lease is classified as finance lease if it transfers substantially all the risks and rewards incidental to ownership of an underlying asset. Initially, asset held under finance lease is recognised in Balance Sheet and presented as a receivable at an amount equal to the net investment in the lease. Finance income is recognised over the lease term, based on a pattern reflecting a constant periodic rate of return on Company''s net investment in the lease. A lease which is not classified as a finance lease is an operating lease. The Company recognises lease payments in case of assets given on operating leases as income on a straight-line basis.
3.9 Impairment of Tangible and Intangible Assets and Investment Property
Tangible, Intangible assets,ROU Assets and Investment Property are reviewed at each balance sheet date for impairment. In case events and circumstances indicate any impairment, recoverable amount of assets is determined. An impairment loss is recognized in the statement of profit and loss, whenever the carrying amount of assets either belonging to Cash Generating Unit (CGU) or otherwise exceeds recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is the higher of assets'' fair value less cost to disposal and its value in use. In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows from the use of the assets are discounted to their present value at appropriate rate.
Impairment losses recognized earlier may no longer exist or may have come down. Based on such assessment at each reporting period the impairment loss is reversed and recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss. In such cases the carrying amount of the asset is increased to the lower of its recoverable amount and the carrying amount that have been determined, net of depreciation/amortisation, had no impairment loss been recognized for the asset in prior years.
3.10 Financial Instruments-Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities
Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities are recognised when the Company becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instruments.
Financial assets and financial liabilities are initially measured at fair value. Transaction costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition or issue of financial assets and financial Liabilities (other than financial assets and financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss) are added to or deducted from the fair value of the financial assets or financial liabilities, as appropriate, on initial recognition. Transaction costs directly attributable to the acquisition of financial assets or financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss are recognised immediately in the Statement of Profit and Loss.
The financial assets and financial liabilities are classified as current if they are expected to be realised or settled within 12 months or otherwise these are classified as non-current.
The classification of financial instruments whether to be measured at Amortized Cost, at Fair Value through Profit and Loss (referred to as "FVTPL") or at Fair Value through Other Comprehensive Income (referred to as "FVTOCI") depends on the objective and contractual terms to which they relate. Classification of financial instruments are determined on initial recognition.
(i) Cash and cash equivalents
All highly liquid financial instruments, which are readily convertible into determinable amounts of cash and which are subject to an insignificant risk of change in value and are having original maturities of three months or less from the date of purchase, are considered as cash and cash equivalents. Cash and cash equivalents includes balances with banks which are unrestricted for withdrawal and usage.
(ii) Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities measured at amortised cost
Financial Assets held within a business whose objective is to hold these assets in order to collect contractual cash flows and the contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.
The Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities subsequent to initial recognition are measured at amortized cost using Effective Interest Rate (referred to as "EIR") method less impairment, if any. The amortisation of EIR and loss arising from impairment, if any is recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.
The effective interest rate is the rate that exactly discounts estimated future cash payments or receipts (including all fees and points paid or received, transaction costs and other premiums or discounts) through the expected life of the Financial Asset or Financial Liability to the gross carrying amount of the financial asset or to the amortised cost of financial liability, or, where appropriate, a shorter period, to the net carrying amount on initial recognition.
(iii) Financial Asset at Fair Value through Other Comprehensive Income (FVTOCI)
Financial assets are measured at fair value through other comprehensive income if these financial assets are held within a business whose objective is achieved by both collecting contractual cash flows and selling financial assets and the contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding. Subsequent to initial recognition, they are measured at fair value and changes therein are recognised directly in other comprehensive income.
The Company has made an irrevocable election to present subsequent changes in the fair value of equity investments not held for trading in other comprehensive income.
For the purpose of para (ii) and (iii) above, principal is the fair value of the financial asset at initial recognition and interest consists of consideration for the time value of money and associated credit risk.
(iv) Financial Assets or Liabilities at Fair value through profit or loss (FVTPL)
Financial Instruments which does not meet the criteria of amortised cost or fair value through other comprehensive income are classified as Fair Value through Profit or loss. These are recognised at fair value and changes therein are recognized in the statement of profit and loss.
(v) Derivative and Hedge Accounting
The company enters into derivative financial instruments being foreign exchange forward to mitigate the risk of changes in foreign exchange rates in respect of financial instruments. The Company uses hedging instruments which provide principles on the use of such financial derivatives consistent with the risk management strategy of the Company. The hedge instruments are designated and documented as hedges and effectiveness of hedge instruments to reduce the risk associated with the exposure being hedged is assessed and measured at inception and on an ongoing basis.
Any derivative that is either not designated as a hedge, or is so designated but is ineffective as per Ind AS 109 "Financial Instruments", is categorized as a financial asset, at fair value through profit or loss. Transaction costs attributable are also recognized in Statement of profit and loss. Changes in the fair value of the derivative hedging instrument designated as a fair value hedge are recognized in the Statement of profit and loss.
If the hedging instrument no longer meets the criteria for hedge accounting, expires or is sold, terminated or exercised, then hedge accounting is discontinued prospectively. Any gain or loss recognised in other comprehensive income and accumulated in equity till that time remains and thereafter to the extent hedge accounting being discontinued is recognised in Statement of profit and loss.
When a forecasted transaction is no longer expected to occur, the cumulative gain or loss accumulated in equity is transferred to the Statement of profit and loss.
(vi) Impairment of financial assets
The Company evaluates whether there is any objective evidence that financial assets measured at amortised costs including trade and other receivables are impaired and determines the amount of impairment allowance as a result of the inability of the parties to make required payments. The Company bases the estimates on the ageing of the receivables, credit-worthiness of the receivables and historical write-off experience and variation in the credit risk on year to year basis.
Lifetime expected credit losses are the expected credit losses(ECL) that result from all possible default events over the expected life of a financial instrument. The company measures the loss allowance for a financial assets at an amount equal to the lifetime expected credit losses if the credit risk on that financial instrument has increased significantly since initial recognition.If the credit risk on a financial instrument has not increased significantly since initial recognition, the company measures the loss allowance for that financial instrument at an amount equal to 12-month expected credit losses. Subsequently, if the credit quality of the financial asset improves such that there is no longer a significant increase in credit risk since initial recognition, the Company reverts to recognising impairment loss allowance based on 12-month ECL.
In case of trade receivables or contract assets that result in relation to revenue from contracts with customers, the company measures the loss allowance at an amount equal to lifetime expected credit losses where maximum contractual period is considered over which the Company is exposed to credit risks.
When determining whether the credit risk of a financial asset has increased significantly since initial recognition and when estimating expected credit losses the Company considers reasonable and supportable information that is relevant and available without undue cost or effort. This includes both quantitative and qualitative information and analysis based on the Company''s historical experience and informed credit assessment and including forward-looking information.
Loss allowances for financial assets measured at amortised costs are deducted from the gross carrying amount of the assets.
(vii) Derecognition of financial instruments
The Company derecognizes a financial asset or a group of financial assets when the contractual rights to the cash flows from the asset expires, or when it transfers the financial asset and substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership of the asset to another party.
On derecognition of a financial asset (except for equity instruments designated as FVTOCI), the difference between the asset''s carrying amount and the sum of the consideration received and receivable are recognized in statement of profit and loss.
On derecognition of assets measured at FVTOCI, the cumulative gain or loss previously recognised in other comprehensive income is reclassified to retained earnings.
Financial liabilities are derecognized if the Company''s obligations specified in the contract expires or are discharged or cancelled. The difference between the carrying amount of the financial liability derecognized and the consideration paid and payable is recognized in Statement of Profit and Loss.
Raw Materials, Stores and Spares, Work in Progress and Finished Goods are valued at lower of cost or net realisable value and the cost is determined on First in First out (FIFO) basis. Materials and other supplies held for use in the production of inventories are not written down below cost, if the finished products in which they will be incorporated are expected to be sold at or above cost.
Cost in respect of raw materials and stores and spares includes expenses incidental to procurement of the same.Cost in respect of Finished goods and those under progress represents prime cost, and includes appropriate portion of overheads. Net realizable value (NRV) is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business less estimated costs of completion and estimated bcosts necessary to make the sale.
Scrap, empty drums and replaced materials are valued at their respective net realisable value.
3.12 Foreign Currency Transactions
Transactions in foreign currencies are translated into the functional currency at the exchange rates prevailing on the date of the transactions. Foreign currency monetary assets and liabilities at the year-end are translated at the year-end exchange rates. Non-monetary items which are carried in terms of historical cost denominated in a foreign currency, are reported using the exchange rate as at the date of transaction. The loss or gain thereon and also on the exchange differences on settlement of the foreign currency transactions during the year are recognized as income or expense in the statement of profit and loss. Foreign exchange gain/loss to the extent considered as an adjustment to Interest Cost are considered as part of borrowing cost.
An equity instrument is a contract that evidences residual interest in the assets of the company after deducting all of its liabilities. Par value of the equity shares is recorded as share capital and the amount received in excess of par value is classified as Securities Premium.
Costs directly attributable to the issue of ordinary shares are recognised as a deduction from equity, net of any tax effects.
3.14 Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets
Provisions involving substantial degree of estimation in measurement are recognized when there is a legal or constructive obligation as a result of past events and it is probable that there will be an outflow of resources and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of obligation. Provisions are not recognised for future operating losses. The amount recognized as a provision is the best estimate of the consideration required to
settle the present obligation at the end of the reporting period, taking into account the risks and uncertainties surrounding the obligation.
Contingent liabilities are not recognized and are disclosed by way of notes to the financial statements when there is a possible obligation arising from past events, the existence of which will be confirmed only by the occurrence or non-occurrence of one or more uncertain future events not wholly within the control of the Company or when there is a present obligation that arises from past events where it is either not probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the same or a reliable estimate of the amount in this respect cannot be made.
Contingent assets are not recognised but disclosed in the Financial Statements by way of notes to accounts when an inflow of economic benefits is probable.
Short Term Employee Benefits including short term compensated absences are accrued in the year services are rendered by the employees.
Provident and Family Pension Fund: The Company has Defined Contribution Plan for its employees retirement benefits comprising of Provident Fund and Pension Fund. The Company makes regular contribution to Provident Fund, which are fully funded and administered by the Government. Contributions are recognized in Statement of Profit and Loss on accrual basis.
Gratuity: Long Term Employee Benefits under defined benefit plans are determined at the close of each year at the present value of the amount payable by actuarial valuation techniques using the projected unit credit method and are funded with Life Insurance Corporation (LIC) for future payment of Gratuity liability to its employees. Remeasurements comprising of actuarial gains and losses , any change in the effect of the asset ceiling and return on the plan assets ( excluding amount included in net interest on the net defined benefit liability or asset) are recognised immediately in the Balance Sheet with a corresponding debit or credit to retained earnings through Other Comprehensive Income ("OCI") in the period in which they occur. Remeasurements are not reclassified to Profit or Loss in subsequent periods. Bifurcation of liabilities into Current and Non current are done based on actuarial valuation report.
3.16 Revenue Recognitiona. Revenue form operation :
Revenue is measured based on the consideration specified in a contract with a customer and excludes amounts collected on behalf of third parties. The revenue from sales in recognised when control over a goods or service has been transferred and/or goods / services are delivered/provided to the customers. The delivery occurs when the goods have been shipped or delivered to the specific loacation as the case may be and the customer has either accepted the goods under the contract or the company has sufficient evidence that all the criteria for acceptance has been satisfied. Returns, discounts and rebates collected, if any, are deducted there from.
Sale of electricity is accounted for on delivery of electricity to grid/ Customers .
Other Operating Revenue - Export Benefits :
Export benefits are accounted for as and when the ultimate realisability of such benefits are established.
b. Other Income:Interest, Dividend and Claims :
Dividend income is recognized when the right to receive payment is established. Interest has been accounted using effective interest rate method. Insurance claims/ other claims are accounted for as and when admitted or realised.Interest on overdue bills are accounted for on certainty of realisation.
Borrowing cost comprises of interest and other costs incurred in connection with the borrowing of the funds. All borrowing costs are recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss using the effective interest method except to the extent attributable to qualifying Property Plant Equipment which are capitalized to the cost of the related assets. A qualifying PPE is an asset, that necessarily takes a substantial period of time to get ready for its intended use. Borrowing cost also includes exchange differences to the extent considered as an adjustment to the borrowing costs.
Government grants of revenue in nature are recognized on a systematic basis in the statement of profit and loss over the period necessary to match them with related costs and are adjusted with the related expenditure. If not related to a specific expenditure^ is considered as income and included under "Other Operating Revenue" or " Other Income". Grants which are meant for purchase, construction or otherwise to acquire non current assets are deducted from costs of the such assets.
3.19 Taxes on Income Current Tax
Current tax is provided on the taxable income and recognized at the amount expected to be paid to or recovered from the tax authorities, using the tax rates and tax laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the end of the reporting period. Advance tax and provisions are presented in the balance sheet after setting off advance tax paid and income tax provision for the current year.
Interest expenses and penalties, if any, related to income tax are included in finance cost and other expenses respectively. Interest Income, if any, related to Income tax is included in Other Income.
Deferred tax is accounted for using the balance sheet liability method in respect of temporary differences between the carrying amount of assets and liabilities in the financial statements and the corresponding tax basis used in the computation of taxable profit as well as for unused tax losses or credits. In principle, deferred tax liabilities are recognized for all taxable temporary differences and deferred tax assets are recognized to the extent that it is probable that taxable profits will be available against which deductible temporary differences can be utilized.
Deferred Tax Asset & Liabilities have been offset wherever the company has a legally enforceable right to set off current tax assets against current tax liabilities & where deferred tax assets & liabilities relate to income tax levied by the same taxation authority.
Deferred taxes are calculated at the enacted or substantially enacted tax rates that are expected to apply when the asset or liability is settled. Deferred tax is charged or credited to the income statement, except when it relates to items credited or charged directly to other comprehensive income in equity, in which case the corresponding deferred tax is also recognized directly in equity.
The carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reviewed at the end of each reporting period and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profits will be available to allow all or part of the deferred tax asset to be utilized.
Basic Earnings per share is calculated by dividing the net profit attributable to equity shareholders of the Company by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the period.
Diluted earnings per share is computed using the net profit for the year attributable to the equity shareholders and weighted average number of equity and potential equity shares outstanding during the year including share options, convertible preference shares and debentures, except where the result would be anti-dilutive. Potential equity shares that are converted during the year are included in the calculation of diluted earnings per share, from the beginning of the year or date of issuance of such potential equity shares, to the date of conversion.
The companies business is to manufacture and sale Electrical Goods- Transformers,cables etc. and also engaged in generation and sale of Wind Energy.Operating segments are identified and reported taken into account the different risk and return, organisation structure and internal reporting system.
4. Critical accounting judgments, assumptions and key sources of estimation and uncertainty
The preparation of the financial statements in conformity with the recognition and measurement principle of Ind AS requires management to make estimates, judgments and assumptions. These estimates, judgments and assumptions affect the application of accounting policies and the reported amounts of assets and liabilities,
the disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the period. Accounting estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis and could change from period to period. Appropriate changes in estimates are made as management becomes aware of changes in circumstances surrounding the estimates. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognised prospectively. Actual results may differ from these estimates. Differences between the actual results and estimates are recognized in the year in which the results are known / materialized and, if material, their effects are disclosed in the notes to the financial statements.
The application of accounting policies that require significant areas of estimation, uncertainty and critical judgments and the use of assumptions in the financial statements have been disclosed below. The key assumptions concerning the future and other key sources of estimation uncertainty at the balance sheet date, that have a significant risk of causing a material adjustment to the carrying amount of assets and liabilities within the next financial year are discussed below:
4.1 Depreciation / amortization and impairment on Property, Plant and Equipment / Intangible assets / Investment Property
Property, plant and equipment, ROU Assets and intangible assets are depreciated/amortized on written down value basis over the estimated useful lives (or lease term if shorter) in accordance with Internal assessment and Independent evaluation carried out by technical expert/ Schedule II of the Companies Act, 2013, taking into account the estimated useful life and residual value, wherever applicable.
The company reviews its carrying value of its Tangible and Intangible Assets whenever there is objective evidence that the assets are impaired. In such situation assets recoverable amount is estimated which is higher of asset''s or cash generating units (CGU) fair value less cost of disposal and its value in use. In assessing value in use the estimated future cash flows are discounted using pre-tax discount rate which reflect the current assessment of time value of money. In determining fair value less cost of disposal, recent market realisations are considered or otherwise in absence of such transactions appropriate valuations are adopted.
4.2 Impairment allowances on trade receivables
The Company evaluates whether there is any objective evidence that trade receivables are impaired and determines the amount of impairment allowance as a result of the inability of the customers to make required payments. The Company bases the estimates on the ageing of the trade receivables balance, credit-worthiness of the trade receivables, historical write-off experience. If the financial conditions of the trade receivable were to deteriorate, actual write-offs would be higher than estimated.
4.3 Current Tax and Deferred Tax
Significant judgment is required in determination of taxability of certain income and deductibility of certain expenses during the estimation of the provision for income taxes.
Significant management judgement is required to determine the amount of deferred tax assets/liability that can be recognised, based upon the likely timing and the level of future taxable profit together with future tax planning strategies. The management has reviewed the rationale for recognition of Deferred Tax Liability and based on the likely timing and level of profitability in future and expected utilisation of deferred tax there against .
4.4 Defined benefit obligation (referred to as "DBO")
Critical estimate of the DBO involves a number of critical underlying assumptions such as standard rates of inflation, mortality, discount rate, anticipation of future salary increases etc. as estimated by Independent Actuary appointed for this purpose by the Management. Variation in these assumptions may significantly impact the DBO amount and the annual defined benefit expenses.
4.5 Provisions and Contingencies
Provisions and liabilities are recognized in the period when it becomes probable that there will be a future outflow of funds resulting from past operations or events and the amount of cash outflow can be reliably estimated. The timing of recognition and quantification of the liability requires the application of judgement to existing facts and circumstances, which can be subject to change.
Management judgment is required for estimating the possible outflow of resources, if any, in respect of contingencies/claim/litigations/ against the Company as it is not possible to predict the outcome of pending matters with accuracy.
4.6 Arrangements containing leases
Ind AS 116 requires lessees to determine the lease term as the non-cancellable period of a lease adjusted with any option to extend or terminate the lease, if the use of such option is reasonably certain. The Company makes an assessment on the expected lease term on a lease-by-lease basis and thereby assesses whether it is reasonably certain that any options to extend or terminate the contract will be exercised. In evaluating the lease term, the Company considers factors such as any significant leasehold improvements undertaken over the lease term, costs relating to the termination of the lease and the importance of the underlying asset to the company''s operations taking into account the location of the underlying asset and the availability of suitable alternatives. The lease term in future periods is reassessed to ensure that the lease term reflects the current economic circumstances.
Mar 31, 2018
1 Significant Accounting Policies
1.1 Basis of Preparation
The Financial Statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention on accrual basis excepting certain financial instruments which are measured in terms of relevant Ind AS at fair value/ amortized costs at the end of each reporting period and certain class of Property, Plant and Equipment i.e. Land (both Freehold and Leasehold) and building which as on the date of transition have been fair valued to be considered as deemed cost. Historical cost convention is generally based on the fair value of the consideration given in exchange for goods and services.
As the operating cycle cannot be identified in normal course, the same has been assumed to have duration of 12 months. All Assets and Liabilities have been classified as current or non-current as per the operating cycle and other criteria set out in Ind AS 1 âPresentation of Financial Statements'' and Schedule III to the Companies Act, 2013.
The Financial Statements are presented in Indian Rupees except otherwise stated.
Fair Value Measurement
Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date under current market conditions.
The Company categorizes assets and liabilities measured at fair value into one of three levels depending on the ability to observe inputs employed for such measurement:
Level 1: Inputs are quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
Level 2: Inputs other than quoted prices included within level 1 that are observable either directly or indirectly for the asset or liability.
Level 3: Inputs for the asset or liability which are not based on observable market data (unobservable inputs).
The company has an established control framework with respect to the measurement of fair values. This includes a finance team that has overall responsibility for overseeing all significant fair value measurements who regularly review significant unobservable inputs, valuation adjustments and fair value hierarchy under which the valuation should be classified.
2.2 Property Plant and Equipment (PPE)
Property, Plant and Equipment are stated at cost of acquisition, construction and subsequent improvements thereto less accumulated depreciation and impairment losses, if any. For this purpose cost include deemed cost on the date of transition and comprises purchase price of assets or its construction cost including duties and taxes, inward freight and other expenses incidental to acquisition or installation and adjustment for exchange differences wherever applicable and any cost directly attributable to bring the asset into the location and condition necessary for it to be capable of operating in the manner intended for its use. Borrowing Costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of qualifying assets are capitalised as part of cost of the asset.
Parts of an item of Property, Plant and Equipment having different useful lives and material value and subsequent expenditure on Property, Plant and Equipment arising on account of capital improvement or other factors are accounted for as separate components.
Property, Plant and Equipment includes spare, stand by equipments and servicing equipments which are expected to be used for a period more than twelve months and meets the recognition criteria of Plant,Property and Equipment. The cost of replacing part of an item of property, plant and equipment is recognised in the carrying amount of the item if it is probable that the future economic benefits embodied within the part will flow to the Company and its cost can be measured reliably. The costs of the day-to-day servicing of property, plant and equipment are recognised in the statement of profit and loss when incurred.
Depreciation and Amortization
Depreciation on Property, Plant and Equipment commences when the assets are ready for their intended use.
Depreciation on Property, Plant and Equipment (unless stated otherwise) is provided as per the useful life specified under Schedule II of the Companies Act, 2013 or based on technical assessment by the Company on written down value method. Subsequent costs incurred on Property, Plant and Equipment are depreciated over the remaining life of mother asset.
Depreciation methods, useful lives, residual values are reviewed and adjusted as appropriate, at each reporting date.
3.3 Investment Property
Investment properties are properties held to earn rentals or for capital appreciation, or both. Investment properties are measured initially at their cost of acquisition. The cost comprises purchase price, borrowing cost, if capitalization criteria are met and directly attributable cost of bringing the asset to its working condition for the intended use.
Subsequent costs are included in the asset''s carrying amount or recognized as a separate asset, as appropriate, only when it is probable that future economic benefits associated with the item will flow to the Company. All other repair and maintenance costs are recognized in statement of profit or loss as incurred.
Depreciation and Amortization
Depreciation on Investment Property is provided on written down value method considering 75 years as its useful life as determined by the management. Depreciation on Investment Property commences when the assets are ready for their intended use.
Depreciation methods, useful lives, residual values are reviewed and adjusted as appropriate, at each reporting date.
3.4 Intangible Assets
Intangible assets are stated at cost comprising of purchase price inclusive of duties and taxes less accumulated amount of amortization and impairment losses. Such assets are amortised over the useful life using straight line method and assessed for impairment whenever there is an indication of the same.
Accordingly, cost of computer software packages are amortized over a period of 3 years on a written down value basis.
Amortisation methods, useful lives and residual values are reviewed, and adjusted as appropriate, at each reporting date.
3.5 Derecognition of Tangible and Intangible assets and Investment Property
An item of Property, Plant and Equipment, Intangible assets and Investment Property is de-recognised upon disposal or when no future economic benefits are expected to arise from its use or disposal. Gain or loss arising on the disposal or retirement of an item of Property, Plant and Equipment, Intangible assets and Investment Property is determined as the difference between the sales proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset and is recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.
3.6 Leases
Leases are classified as finance leases whenever the terms of the lease transfer substantially all the risks and rewards incidental to the ownership of an asset to the Company. All other leases are classified as operating leases.
Finance leases are capitalized at the inception of the lease at lower of its fair value and the present value of the minimum lease payments and a liability is recognised for an equivalent amount. Any initial direct costs of the lessee are added to the amount recognised as an asset. Each lease payments are apportioned between finance charge and reduction of the lease liability. The finance charge is allocated to each period during the lease term so as to produce a constant periodic rate of interest on the outstanding amount of the liabilities Payments made under operating leases are recognised as expenses on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease unless the lease arrangements are structured to increase in line with expected general inflation or another systematic basis which is more representative of the time pattern of the benefits availed. Contingent rentals, if any, arising under operating leases are recognised as an expense in the period in which they are incurred.
3.7 Impairment of Tangible and Intangible Assets and Investment Property
Tangible and Intangible assets and Investment Property are reviewed at each balance sheet date for impairment. In case events and circumstances indicate any impairment, recoverable amount of assets is determined. An impairment loss is recognized in the statement of profit and loss, whenever the carrying amount of assets either belonging to Cash Generating Unit (CGU) or otherwise exceeds recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is the higher of assets'' fair value less cost of disposal and its value in use. In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows from the use of the assets are discounted to their present value at appropriate rate.
Impairment losses recognized earlier may no longer exist or may have come down. Based on such assessment at each reporting period the impairment loss is reversed and recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss. In such cases the carrying amount of the asset is increased to the lower of its recoverable amount and the carrying amount that have been determined, net of depreciation, had no impairment loss been recognized for the asset in prior years.
3.8 Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities
Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities (financial instruments) are recognised when the Company becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instruments.
Financial assets and financial liabilities are initially measured at fair value. Transaction costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition or issue of financial assets and financial Liabilities (other than financial assets and financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss) are added to or deducted from the fair value of the financial assets or financial liabilities, as appropriate, on initial recognition. Transaction costs directly attributable to the acquisition of financial assets or financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss are recognised immediately in the Statement of Profit and Loss.
The financial assets and financial liabilities are classified as current if they are expected to be realised or settled within operating cycle of the company or otherwise these are classified as non-current.
The classification of financial instruments whether to be measured at Amortized Cost, at Fair Value through Profit and Loss (FVTPL) or at Fair Value through Other Comprehensive Income (FVTOCI) depends on the objective and contractual terms to which they relate. Classification of financial instruments are determined on initial recognition.
(i) Cash and cash equivalents
All highly liquid financial instruments, which are readily convertible into determinable amounts of cash and which are subject to an insignificant risk of change in value and are having original maturities of three months or less from the date of purchase, are considered as cash equivalents. Cash and cash equivalents includes balances with banks which are unrestricted for withdrawal and usage.
(ii) Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities measured at amortised cost
Financial Assets held within a business whose objective is to hold these assets in order to collect contractual cash flows and the contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding are measured at amortized cost.
The above Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities subsequent to initial recognition are measured at amortized cost using Effective Interest Rate (EIR) method.
The effective interest rate is the rate that discounts estimated future cash payments or receipts (including all fees and points paid or received, transaction costs and other premiums or discounts) through the expected life of the Financial Asset or Financial Liability to the gross carrying amount of the financial asset or to the amortised cost of financial liability, or, where appropriate, a shorter period, to the net carrying amount on initial recognition.
(iii) Financial Asset at Fair Value through Other Comprehensive Income (FVTOCI)
Financial assets are measured at fair value through other comprehensive income if these financial assets are held within a business whose objective is achieved by both collecting contractual cash flows and selling financial assets and the contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding. Subsequent to initial recognition, they are measured at fair value and changes therein are recognised directly in other comprehensive income.
(iv) For the purpose of para (ii) and (iii) above, principal is the fair value of the financial asset at initial recognition and interest consists of consideration for the time value of money and associated credit risk.
(v) Financial Assets or Liabilities at Fair value through profit or loss
Financial Instruments which does not meet the criteria of amortised cost or fair value through other comprehensive income are classified as Fair Value through Profit or loss. These are recognised at fair value and changes therein are recognized in the statement of profit and loss.
(vi) Derivative and Hedge Accounting
The company enters into derivative financial instruments being foreign exchange forward to mitigate the risk of changes in foreign exchange rates in respect of financial instruments. The Company uses hedging instruments which provide principles on the use of such financial derivatives consistent with the risk management strategy of the Company. The hedge instruments are designated and documented as hedges and effectiveness of hedge instruments to reduce the risk associated with the exposure being hedged is assessed and measured at inception and on an ongoing basis.
Any derivative that is either not designated as a hedge, or is so designated but is ineffective as per Ind AS 109 âFinancial Instrumentsâ, is categorized as a financial asset, at fair value through profit or loss. Transaction costs attributable are also recognized in Statement of profit and loss. Changes in the fair value of the derivative hedging instrument designated as a fair value hedge are recognized in the Statement of profit and loss.
If the hedging instrument no longer meets the criteria for hedge accounting, expires or is sold, terminated or exercised, then hedge accounting is discontinued prospectively. Any gain or loss recognised in other comprehensive income and accumulated in equity till that time remains and thereafter to the extent hedge accounting being discontinued is recognised in Statement of profit and loss.
When a forecasted transaction is no longer expected to occur, the cumulative gain or loss accumulated in equity is transferred to the Statement of profit and loss.
(vii) Impairment of financial assets
A financial asset is assessed for impairment at each balance sheet date. A financial asset is considered to be impaired if objective evidence indicates that one or more events have had a negative effect on the estimated future cash flows of that asset.
The company measures the loss allowance for a financial asset at an amount equal to the lifetime expected credit losses if the credit risk on that financial instrument has increased significantly since initial recognition. If the credit risk on a financial instrument has not increased significantly since initial recognition, the company measures the loss allowance for that financial instrument at an amount equal to 12-month expected credit losses. However, for trade receivables or contract assets that result in relation to revenue from contracts with customers, the company measures the loss allowance at an amount equal to lifetime expected credit losses.
(viii) Derecognition of financial instruments
The Company derecognizes a financial asset or a group of financial assets when the contractual rights to the cash flows from the asset expire, or when it transfers the financial asset and substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership of the asset to another party On derecognition of a financial asset (except for equity instruments designated as FVTOCI), the difference between the asset''s carrying amount and the sum of the consideration received and receivable are recognized in statement of profit and loss.
On derecognition of assets measured at FVTOCI the cumulative gain or loss previously recognised in other comprehensive income is reclassified from equity to profit or loss as a reclassification adjustment.
Financial liabilities are derecognized if the Company''s obligations specified in the contract expire or are discharged or cancelled. The difference between the carrying amount of the financial liability derecognized and the consideration paid and payable is recognized in Statement of Profit and Loss.
3.9 Inventories
Raw Materials, Stores and Spares, Work in Progress and Finished Goods are valued at lower of cost or net realisable value and the cost is determined on FIFO basis. Materials and other supplies held for use in the production of inventories are not written down below cost, if the finished products in which they will be incorporated are expected to be sold at or above cost.
Cost in respect of raw materials and stores and spares includes expenses incidental to procurement of the same. Cost in respect of Finished goods and those under progress represents prime cost, and includes appropriate portion of overheads.
Scrap, empty drums and replaced materials are valued at their respective net realisable value.
3.10 Foreign Currency Transactions
These financial statements are presented in Indian Rupee, the national currency of India, which is the functional currency of the company.
Transactions and Balances:
Transactions in foreign currencies are translated into the functional currency at the exchange rates prevailing on the date of the transactions. Foreign currency monetary assets and liabilities at the year-end are translated at the year-end exchange rates. Non-monetary items which are carried in terms of historical cost denominated in a foreign currency, are reported using the exchange rate as at the date of transaction. The loss or gain thereon and also on the exchange differences on settlement of the foreign currency transactions during the year are recognized as income or expense in the statement of profit and loss. Foreign exchange gain/loss to the extent considered as an adjustment to Interest Cost are considered as part of borrowing cost.
3.11 Equity Share Capital
An equity instrument is a contract that evidences residual interest in the assets of the company after deducting all of its liabilities. Par value of the equity shares is recorded as share capital and the amount received in excess of par value is classified as Securities Premium.
Costs directly attributable to the issue of ordinary shares are recognised as a deduction from equity, net of any tax effects.
3.12 Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets
Provisions involving substantial degree of estimation in measurement are recognized when there is a legal or constructive obligation as a result of past events and it is probable that there will be an outflow of resources and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of obligation. Provisions are not recognised for future operating losses. The amount recognized as a provision is the best estimate of the consideration required to settle the present obligation at the end of the reporting period, taking into account the risks and uncertainties surrounding the obligation.
Contingent liabilities are not recognized and are disclosed by way of notes to the financial statements when there is a possible obligation arising from past events, the existence of which will be confirmed only by the occurrence or non-occurrence of one or more uncertain future events not wholly within the control of the Company or when there is a present obligation that arises from past events where it is either not probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the same or a reliable estimate of the amount in this respect cannot be made.
Contingent assets are not recognised but disclosed in the Financial Statements by way of notes to accounts when an inflow of economic benefits is probable.
3.13 Employee Benefits
Short Term Employee Benefits including short term compensated absences are accrued in the year services are rendered by the employees.
Provident and Family Pension Fund: The Company has Defined Contribution Plan for its employees retirement benefits comprising of Provident Fund and Pension Fund. The Company makes regular contribution to Provident Fund, which are fully funded and administered by the Government. Contributions are recognized in Statement of Profit and Loss on accrual basis.
Gratuity: Long Term Employee Benefits under defined benefit plans are determined at the close of each year at the present value of the amount payable by actuarial valuation techniques using the projected unit credit method. Actuarial gains and losses arising from experience adjustments and changes in actuarial assumptions are recognized in other comprehensive income. Remeasurements are not classified to the statement of Profit and Loss in subsequent periods. Other costs are recognized in the Statement of Profit or Loss. Bifurcation of liabilities into Current and Non current are done based on actuarial valuation report.
3.14 Revenue
Sale of goods :
Revenue is recognized at the fair value of consideration received or receivable when the significant risk and rewards of goods, ownership of goods have been transferred and the amount thereof can be measured reliably. This represents the net invoice value of goods supplied after deducting discounts, rebates and taxes and duties collected on behalf of third parties and is inclusive of taxes and other duties which the company pays as principal.
Sale of electricity is accounted for on delivery of electricity to Grid/ Customers .
Interest, Dividend and Claims :
Dividend income is recognized when the right to receive payment is established. Interest has been accounted using effective interest rate method. Insurance claims/ other claims are accounted for as and when admitted or realised. Interest on overdue bills are accounted for on certainty of realisation.
Export Benefits :
Export benefits arising on account of entitlement for duty free imports are accounted for through import of materials. Other export benefits are accounted for as and when the ultimate realisability of such benefits are established.
3.15 Borrowing Costs
Borrowing cost comprises of interest and other costs incurred in connection with the borrowing of the funds. All borrowing costs are recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss using the effective interest method except to the extent attributable to qualifying Property Plant Equipment (PPE) which are capitalized to the cost of the related assets.
A qualifying PPE is an asset, that necessarily takes a substantial period of time to get ready for its intended use or sale. Borrowing cost also includes exchange differences to the extent considered as an adjustment to the borrowing costs.
3.16 Taxes on Income
Income tax expense representing the sum of current tax expenses and the net charge of the deferred taxes is recognized in the income statement except to the extent that it relates to items recognized directly in equity or other comprehensive income.
Current income tax is provided on the taxable income and recognized at the amount expected to be paid to or recovered from the tax authorities, using the tax rates and tax laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the end of the reporting period. Deferred tax is recognized on temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities in the Financial Statements and the corresponding tax bases used in the computation of taxable profit. Deferred tax liabilities are generally recognized for all taxable temporary differences. Deferred tax assets are generally recognized for all deductible temporary differences to the extent that it is probable that taxable profits will be available against which those deductible temporary differences can be utilized.
Deferred tax liabilities and assets are measured at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the period in which the liability is settled or the asset realized, based on tax rates (and tax laws) that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the end of the reporting period. The carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reviewed at the end of each reporting period and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profits will be available to allow all or part of the deferred tax asset to be utilized.
Deferred tax assets include Minimum Alternative Tax (MAT) measured in accordance with the tax laws in India, which is likely to give future economic benefits in the form of availability of set off against future income tax liability and such benefit can be measured reliably and it is probable that the future economic benefit associated with same will be realized.
3.17 Earnings Per Share
Basic earnings per share are computed by dividing the net profit attributable to the equity holders of the company by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per share is computed by dividing the net profit attributable to the equity holders of the company by the weighted average number of equity shares considered for deriving basic earnings per share and also the weighted average number of equity shares that could have been issued upon conversion of all dilutive potential equity shares.
3.18 Segment Reporting
Operating segments are identified and reported taking into account the different risk and return, organisation structure and internal reporting system.
4. Critical accounting judgments, assumptions and key sources of estimation and uncertainty
The preparation of the financial statements in conformity with the measurement principle of Ind AS requires management to make estimates, judgments and assumptions. These estimates, judgments and assumptions affect the application of accounting policies and the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the period.
Accounting estimates could change from period to period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Appropriate changes in estimates are made as management becomes aware of changes in circumstances surrounding the estimates. Differences between the actual results and estimates are recognized in the year in which the results are known / materialized and, if material, their effects are disclosed in the notes to the financial statements.
Application of accounting policies that require significant areas of estimation, uncertainty and critical judgments and the use of assumptions in the financial statements have been disclosed below. The key assumptions concerning the future and other key sources of estimation, uncertainty at the balance sheet date, that have a significant risk of causing a material adjustment to the carrying amount of assets and liabilities within the next financial year are discussed below:
4.1 Depreciation / amortization and impairment on Property, Plant and Equipment / Intangible assets / Investment Property
Property, plant and equipment, intangible assets and Investment Property are depreciated/ amortized on written down value method over the estimated useful lives (or lease term if shorter) in accordance with Schedule II of the Companies Act, 2013 or based on technical assessment by the Company, taking into account the estimated residual value, wherever applicable.
The company reviews its carrying value of its Tangible, Intangible Assets and Investment Property whenever there is objective evidence that the assets are impaired. In such situation assets'' recoverable amount is estimated which is higher of asset''s or cash generating units (CGU) fair value less cost of disposal and its value in use. In assessing value in use the estimated future cash flows are discounted using pre-tax discount rate which reflect the current assessment of time value of money. In determining fair value less cost of disposal, recent market realisations are considered or otherwise in absence of such transactions appropriate valuations are adopted. The Company reviews the estimated useful lives of the assets regularly in order to determine the amount of depreciation / amortization and amount of impairment expense to be recorded during any reporting period. This reassessment may result in change estimated in future periods.
4.2 Arrangements containing leases and classification of leases
The Company enters into service / hiring arrangements for various assets / services. The determination of lease and classification of the service / hiring arrangement as a finance lease or operating lease is based on an assessment of several factors, including, but not limited to, transfer of ownership of leased asset at end of lease term, lessee''s option to purchase and estimated certainty of exercise of such option, proportion of lease term to the asset''s economic life, proportion of present value of minimum lease payments to fair value of leased asset and extent of specialized nature of the leased asset.
4.3 Impairment allowances on trade receivables
The Company evaluates whether there is any objective evidence that trade receivables are impaired and determines the amount of impairment allowance as a result of the inability of the customers to make required payments. The Company bases the estimates on the ageing of the trade receivables balance, credit-worthiness of the trade receivables and historical write-off experience. If the financial conditions of the trade receivable were to deteriorate, actual write-offs would be higher than estimated.
4.4 Income taxes
Significant judgment is required in determination of taxability of certain income and deductibility of certain expenses during the estimation of the provision for income taxes.
4.5 Defined benefit obligation (DBO)
Critical estimate of the DBO involves a number of critical underlying assumptions such as standard rates of inflation, mortality, discount rate, anticipation of future salary increases etc. as estimated by Independent Actuary appointed for this purpose by the Management. Variation in these assumptions may significantly impact the DBO amount and the annual defined benefit expenses.
4.6 Provisions and Contingencies
Provisions and liabilities are recognized in the period when it becomes probable that there will be a future outflow of funds resulting from past operations or events and the amount of cash outflow can be reliably estimated. The timing of recognition and quantification of the liability requires the application of judgement to existing facts and circumstances, which can be subject to change.
Management judgment is required for estimating the possible outflow of resources, if any, in respect of contingencies/claim/litigations/against the Company as it is not possible to predict the outcome of pending matters with accuracy.
The carrying amounts of provisions and liabilities and estimation for contingencies are reviewed regularly and revised to take account of changing facts and circumstances.
Mar 31, 2016
1 Significant Accounting Policies
a. Accounting Convention
To prepare financial statements in accordance with applicable Accounting Standards in India. A summary of important accounting policies is set out below. The financial statements have also been prepared in accordance with relevant presentational requirements of the Companies Act, 201 3.
b. Basis of Preparation
These financial statements are prepared in accordance with Indian Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) under the historical cost convention on the accrual basis and comply with the Accounting Standards prescribed by Companies (Accounting Standards) Rules, 2006, as amended and other pronouncements of the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India (âICAI''). GAAP comprises mandatory accounting standards as prescribed under Section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013 (âthe Act'') read with Rule 7 of the Companies (Accounts) Rules, 2014, the provisions of the Act (to the extent notified) and guidelines issued by the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI). Accounting policies have been consistently applied except where a newly-issued accounting standard is initially adopted or a revision to an existing accounting standard requires a change in the accounting policy hitherto in use.
All assets and liabilities have been classified as current or non-current as per the Company''s normal operating cycle and other criteria set out in Schedule III to the Companies Act, 2013. Based on the nature of operations of the Company, the Company has ascertained its operating cycle as 12 months for the purpose of current/ non-current classification of all assets and liabilities.
c. Use of Estimates
The preparation of the financial statements is in conformity with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) which requires the management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of income and expenditure for the period ended, assets and liabilities and disclosures of contingent liabilities on the date of the financial statements. The estimates and assumptions used in the preparation of accompanying financial statements are based upon management''s evaluation of relevant facts and circumstances as of the date of financial statement. Actual results could, however, differ from those estimates. Any revision to accounting estimates is recognized prospectively in current and future periods.
d. Fixed Assets and Depreciation
Tangible Fixed Assets are stated at cost of acquisition or construction less accumulated depreciation. The cost of fixed assets includes non-refundable taxes and levies, freight and other incidental expenses related to acquisition and installation, financing costs during the period of construction for qualifying assets. Depreciation on tangible fixed assets is charged on written down value method over the useful life/remaining useful life of the asset as per Schedule II of the Companies Act 2013. Depreciation on assets purchased / acquired during the year is charged from the date of purchase / acquisition of the asset or from the day the asset is ready for its intended use. Similarly, depreciation on assets sold / discarded during the year is charged up to the date when the asset is sold / discarded.
e. Inventories
a) Raw Materials, Stores & Spares, Work in Progress and Finished Goods are valued at lower of cost or net realizable value and cost is determined on FIFO basis, net of cenvat credit availed.
b) Cost for Finished Goods and Work-in-Progress is determined taking material cost [net of cenvat credit availed] labour and relevant appropriate overheads and excise duty.
c) Scrap, empty drums and replaced materials are valued at their respective net realizable value.
f. Investments
Long-term (Non Current) investments are stated at cost. Provision is made for diminution in the value of the investments, if, in the opinion of the management, the same is considered to be other than temporary in nature. On disposal of an investment, the difference between its carrying amount and net disposal proceeds is charged or credited to the Statement of Profit and Loss.
g. Revenue from Operation
Revenue from operations includes sale of goods and works contract including excise duty, adjusted for discounts (net), Value Added Tax (VAT). Sale of products are recognized when risk and rewards of ownership of the products are passed on to the customers. Revenue is recognized only when it can be reliably measured and it is reasonable to expect ultimate collection.
h. Recognition of other items of Income & Expenditures
Other items of income and expenditure are accounted for on accrual basis.
i. Employee Benefits
(i) Short Term Employee Benefits
All employee benefits falling due wholly within twelve months of rendering the services are classified as short term employee benefits, which includes benefits like salary, wages, short term compensated absences and bonus, are recognized as expenses in the period in which the employee renders the related service.
(ii) Post- Employment Benefits
- Defined Contribution Plans
The Company has Defined Contribution Plans for Post employment benefits in the form of Provident / Family Pension Fund for all employees which are administered by Regional Provident Fund Commissioner. Provident Fund and Family Pension Fund are classified as defined contribution plans as the Company has no further obligation beyond making the contributions. The Company''s contributions to Defined Contribution plans are charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss as and when incurred.
- Defined Benefit Plans
Non-Funded Plan : The Company has a defined benefit plan for Post-employment benefit in the form of Gratuity. Liability for the above defined benefit plan is provided on the basis of valuation, as at the Balance Sheet date, carried out by an independent actuary. The actuarial method used for measuring the liability is the Projected Unit Credit Method.
(iii) Termination benefits are recognized as an expense as and when incurred.
(iv) The Actuarial gains and losses arising during the year are recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss.
(v) Provision is made for value of un-availed leaves due to employees at the end of accounting year on actual calculations.
j. Foreign Currency Transactions
Transactions in foreign currency are accounted for at exchange rates prevailing on the date of the transaction. Foreign currency assets and liabilities (monetary items-trade receivables / trade payables) at the year-end are accounted for at year-end exchange rates and differences, if any, are adjusted in the Statement of Profit and Loss. Exchange differences arising on settlement of monetary items (trade receivables / trade payables) are recognized as income or expense in the period in which the settlements are made.
k. Borrowing Cost
Interest and other costs in connection with the borrowings of the funds to the extent related / attributed to the acquisition /construction of qualifying fixed assets are capitalized up to the date when such assets are ready for their intended use and other borrowing costs are charged to Statement of Profit and Loss.
l. Segment reporting
Segments are identified based on the dominant source and nature of risks and returns and the internal organization and management structure. The accounting policies adopted for segment reporting are in line with the accounting policies of the Company. In addition, the following specific accounting policies have been followed for segment reporting: a) Inter segment revenue is accounted for based on the transaction price agreed to between segments on cost basis. b) Revenue and expenses are identified to segments on the basis of their relationship to the operating activities of the segment. Revenue and expenses, which relate to the enterprise as a whole and are not allocable to segments on a reasonable basis, have been disclosed as "Unallowable".
m. Leases
Where the Company is a Lessee:
Leases where the Less or effectively retains substantially all the risks and benefits of ownership of the Leased Asset, are classified as ''Operating Leases. Lease rentals with respect to assets taken on ''Operating Lease'' are charged to Statement of Profit and Loss on a straight line basis over the lease term. Leases which effectively transfer to the Company substantially all the risks and benefits incidental to the ownership of the leased item are classified as ''Finance Lease''. Assets acquired on Finance Lease which substantially transfer all the risks and rewards of ownership to the Company are capitalized as assets by the Company at the lower of the fair value and the present value of the minimum lease payment and a liability is created for an equivalent amount. Amortization of capitalized Leased asset is computed on Straight Line Method over the useful life of the asset . Lease rentals payable is apportioned between the liability and finance charge so as to obtain a constant periodic rate of interest on the outstanding liability for each year.
n. Taxation
Tax expense for the year comprising current tax & deferred tax are considered in determining the net profit for the year. Provision is made for current tax and based on tax liability computed in accordance with relevant tax laws applicable to the Company. Provision is made for deferred tax for all timing difference arising between taxable incomes & accounting income at currently enacted or substantively enacted tax rates, as the case may be. Deferred tax assets(other than in situation of unabsorbed depreciation and carry forward losses) are recognized only if there is reasonable certainty that they will be realized and are reviewed for the appropriateness of their respective carrying values at each Balance Sheet date. Deferred tax assets, in situation of unabsorbed depreciation and carry forward losses under tax laws are recognized only to the extent that where is virtual certainty supported by convincing evidence that sufficient future taxable income will be available against which such deferred tax assets can be recognized. Deferred Tax Assets and Deferred Tax Liability have been offset wherever the Company has a legally enforceable right to set off current tax assets against current tax liability and where the Deferred Tax Asset and Deferred Tax Liability relate to Income taxes is levied by the same taxation authority.
o. Earnings Per Share
The earnings in ascertaining the Company''s EPS comprises the net profit after tax attributable to equity shareholders and includes the post tax effect of any extraordinary items. The number of shares used in computing basic EPS is the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the year. Diluted earnings per share is computed by dividing the profit/(loss) after tax (including the post tax effect of extra ordinary items, if any) as adjusted for dividend, interest and other charges to expense or income relating to the dilutive potential equity shares, by the weighted average number of equity shares which could have been issued on conversion of all dilutive potential equity shares. Potential equity shares are deemed to be dilutive only if their conversion to equity shares would decrease the net profit per share from continuing ordinary operations. Potential dilutive equity shares are deemed to be converted as at the beginning of the period, unless they have been issued at a later date. Dilutive potential equity shares are determined independently for each period.
p. Impairment of Assets
The Company evaluates the impairment losses on the fixed assets whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that their carrying amounts may not be recoverable at the year-end in term of clause 5 to 13 of AS -28. If such assets are considered to be impaired the impairment loss is then recognized for the amount by which the carrying amount of the assets exceeds its recoverable amount. Recoverable amount is the higher of an asset''s net selling price and value in use. In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value based on the appropriate discount factor. An impairment loss is charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss in the year in which an asset is identified as impaired. The impairment loss recognized in prior accounting periods is reversed if there has been a change in the estimate of recoverable amount.
q. Provisions, Contingent Liabilities And Contingent Assets
Provisions involving substantial degree of estimation in measurements are recognized when there is a present obligation as a result of past event and it is probable that there will be an outflow of resources. Contingent liabilities are disclosed in respect of possible obligations that arises from past events but their existence is confirmed by the occurrence or non occurrence of one or more uncertain future events not wholly within the control of the Company.
Mar 31, 2015
A. Accounting Convention
To prepare financial statements in accordance with applicable
Accounting Standards in India. A summary of important accounting
policies is set out below. The financial statements have also been
prepared in accordance with relevant presentational requirements of the
Companies Act, 2013.
b. Basis of Preparation
These financial statements are prepared in accordance with Indian
Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) under the historical
cost convention on the accrual basis and comply with the Accounting
Standards prescribed by Companies (Accounting Standards) Rules, 2006,
as amended and other pronouncements of the Institute of Chartered
Accountants of India ('ICAI'). GAAP comprises mandatory accounting
standards as prescribed under Section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013
('the Act') read with Rule 7 of the Companies (Accounts) Rules, 2014,
the provisions of the Act (to the extent notified) and guidelines
issued by the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI). Accounting
policies have been consistently applied except where a newly-issued
accounting standard is initially adopted or a revision to an existing
accounting standard requires a change in the accounting policy hitherto
in use. All assets and liabilities have been classified as current or
non-current as per the Company's normal operating cycle and other
criteria set out in Schedule III to the Companies Act, 2013. Based on
the nature of operations of the Company, the Company has ascertained
its operating cycle as 12 months for the purpose of current/
non-current classification of all assets and liabilities.
c. Use of Estimates
The preparation of the financial statements is in conformity with
Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) which requires the
management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported
amounts of income and expenditure for the period ended, assets and
liabilities and disclosures of contingent liabilities on the date of
the financial statements. The estimates and assumptions used in the
preparation of accompanying financial statements are based upon
management's evaluation of relevant facts and circumstances as of the
date of financial statement. Actual results could, however, differ from
those estimates. Any revision to accounting estimates is recognised
prospectively in current and future periods.
d. Fixed Assets and Depreciation
Tangible Fixed Assets are stated at cost of acquisition or construction
less accumulated depreciation. The cost of fixed assets includes
non-refundable taxes and levies, freight and other incidental expenses
related to acquisition and installation , financing costs during the
period of construction for qualifying assets. Depreciation on tangible
fixed assets is charged on written down value method over the useful
life/remaining useful life of the asset as per Schedule II of the
Companies Act 2013. Depreciation on assets purchased / acquired during
the year is charged from the date of purchase / acquisition of the
asset or from the day the asset is ready for its intended use.
Similarly, depreciation on assets sold / discarded during the year is
charged up to the date when the asset is sold / discarded.
e. Inventories
a) Raw Materials, Stores & Spares, Work in Progress and Finished Goods
are valued at lower of cost or net realisable value and cost is
determined on FIFO basis, net of cenvat credit availed.
b) Cost for Finished Goods and Work-in-Progress is determined taking
material cost [net of cenvat credit availed] labour and relevant
appropriate overheads and excise duty.
c) Scrap, empty drums and replaced materials are valued at their
respective net realisable value.
f. Investments
Long-term (Non Current) investments are stated at cost. Provision is
made for diminution in the value of the investments, if, in the opinion
of the management, the same is considered to be other than temporary in
nature. On disposal of an investment, the difference between its
carrying amount and net disposal proceeds is charged or credited to the
Statement of Profit and Loss.
g. Revenue from Operation
Revenue from operations includes sale of goods and works contract
including excise duty, adjusted for discounts (net), Value Added Tax
(VAT). Sale of products are recognised when risk and rewards of
ownership of the products are passed on to the customers. Revenue is
recognized only when it can be reliably measured and it is reasonable
to expect ultimate collection.
h. Recognition of other items of Income & Expenditures
Other items of income and expenditure are accounted for on accrual
basis.
i. Employee Benefits
(i) Short Term Employee Benefits
All employee benefits falling due wholly within twelve months of
rendering the services are classified as short term employee benefits,
which includes benefits like salary, wages, short term compensated
absences and bonus, are recognized as expenses in the period in which
the employee renders the related service.
(ii) Post- Employment Benefits
- Defined Contribution Plans
The Company has Defined Contribution Plans for Post employment benefits
in the form of Provident / Family Pension Fund for all employees which
are administered by Regional Provident Fund Commissioner. Provident
Fund and Family Pension Fund are classified as defined contribution
plans as the Company has no further obligation beyond making the
contributions. The Company's contributions to Defined Contribution
plans are charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss as and when
incurred.
- Defined Benefit Plans
Non-Funded Plan: The Company has a defined benefit plan for
Post-employment benefit in the form of Gratuity. Liability for the
above defined benefit plan is provided on the basis of valuation, as at
the Balance Sheet date, carried out by an independent actuary. The
actuarial method used for measuring the liability is the Projected Unit
Credit Method.
(iii) Termination benefits are recognised as an expense as and when
incurred.
(iv) The Actuarial gains and losses arising during the year are
recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.
(v) Provision is made for value of un-availed leaves due to employees
at the end of accounting year on actual calculations.
j. Foreign Currency Transactions
Transactions in foreign currency are accounted for at exchange rates
prevailing on the date of the transaction. Foreign currency assets and
liabilities (monetary items-trade receivables / trade payables) at the
year-end are accounted for at year-end exchange rates and differences,
if any, are adjusted in the Statement of Profit and Loss. Exchange
differences arising on settlement of monetary items (trade receivables
/ trade payables) are recognised as income or expense in the period in
which the settlements are made
k. Borrowing Cost
Interest and other costs in connection with the borrowings of the funds
to the extent related / attributed to the acquisition /construction of
qualifying fixed assets are capitalised upto the date when such assets
are ready for their intended use and other borrowing costs are charged
to Statement of Profit and Loss.
l. Segment reporting
Segments are identified based on the dominant source and nature of
risks and returns and the internal organisation and management
structure. The accounting policies adopted for segment reporting are in
line with the accounting policies of the Company. In addition, the
following specific accounting policies have been followed for segment
reporting: a) Inter segment revenue is accounted for based on the
transaction price agreed to between segments on cost basis. b) Revenue
and expenses are identified to segments on the basis of their
relationship to the operating activities of the segment. Revenue and
expenses, which relate to the enterprise as a whole and are not
allocable to segments on a reasonable basis, have been disclosed as
"Unallocable".
m. Leases
Where the Company is a Lessee:
Leases where the Lessor effectively retains substantially all the risks
and benefits of ownership of the Leased Asset, are classified as
'Operating Leases'. Lease rentals with respect to assets taken on
'Operating Lease' are charged to Statement of Profit and Loss on a
straight line basis over the lease term. Leases which effectively
transfer to the Company substantially all the risks and benefits
incidental to the ownership of the leased item are classified as
'Finance Lease'. Assets acquired on Finance Lease which substantially
transfer all the risks and rewards of ownership to the Company are
capitalized as assets by the Company at the lower of the fair value and
the present value of the minimum lease payment and a liability is
created for an equivalent amount. Amortization of capitalized Leased
asset is computed on Straight Line Method over the useful life of the
asset . Lease rentals payable is apportioned between the liability and
finance charge so as to obtain a constant periodic rate of interest on
the outstanding liability for each year.
n. Taxation
Tax expense for the year comprising current tax & deferred tax are
considered in determining the net profit for the year. Provision is
made for current tax and based on tax liability computed in accordance
with relevant tax laws applicable to the Company. Provision is made for
deferred tax for all timing difference arising between taxable incomes
& accounting income at currently enacted or substantively enacted tax
rates, as the case may be. Deferred tax assets(other than in situation
of unabsorbed depreciation and carry forward losses) are recognized
only if there is reasonable certainty that they will be realized and
are reviewed for the appropriateness of their respective carrying
values at each Balance Sheet date. Deferred tax assets, in situation of
unabsorbed depreciation and carry forward losses under tax laws are
recognised only to the extent that where is virtual certainty supported
by convincing evidence that sufficient future taxable income will be
available against which such deferred tax assets can be recognised.
Deferred Tax Assets and Deferred Tax Liability have been offset
wherever the Company has a legally enforceable right to set off current
tax assets against current tax liability and where the Deferred Tax
Asset and Deferred Tax Liability relate to Income taxes is levied by
the same taxation authority.
o. Earning Per Share
The earnings in ascertaining the Company's EPS comprises the net profit
after tax attributable to equity shareholders and includes the post tax
effect of any extraordinary items. The number of shares used in
computing basic EPS is the weighted average number of shares
outstanding during the year. Diluted earnings per share is computed by
dividing the profit/(loss) after tax (including the post tax effect of
extra ordinary items, if any) as adjusted for dividend, interest and
other charges to expense or income relating to the dilutive potential
equity shares, by the weighted average number of equity shares which
could have been issued on conversion of all dilutive potential equity
shares. Potential equity shares are deemed to be dilutive only if their
conversion to equity shares would decrease the net profit per share
from continuing ordinary operations. Potential dilutive equity shares
are deemed to be converted as at the beginning of the period, unless
they have been issued at a later date. Dilutive potential equity shares
are determined independently for each period.
p. Impairment of Assets
The Company evaluates the impairment losses on the fixed assets
whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that their
carrying amounts may not be recoverable at the year-end in term of
clause 5 to 13 of AS -28. If such assets are considered to be impaired
the impairment loss is then recognised for the amount by which the
carrying amount of the assets exceeds its recoverable amount.
Recoverable amount is the higher of an asset's net selling price and
value in use.In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows
are discounted to their present value based on the appropriate discount
factor. An impairment loss is charged to the Statement of Profit and
Loss in the year in which an asset is identified as impaired. The
impairment loss recognized in prior accounting periods is reversed if
there has been a change in the estimate of recoverable amount.
q. Provisions, Contingent Liabilities And Contingent Assets
Provisions involving substantial degree of estimation in measurements
are recognized when there is a present obligation as a result of past
event and it is probable that there will be an outflow of resources.
Contingent liabilities are disclosed in respect of possible obligations
that arises from past events but their existence is confirmed by the
occurrence or non occurrence of one or more uncertain future events not
wholly within the control of the Company. Contingent Assets are
neither recognized nor disclosed in the financial statements.
(e) The Company has only one class of shares referred to as Equity
Shares having a par value of Rs. 10/- each. Each holder of Equity Shares
is entitled to one vote per share. In the event of liquidation of the
Company, the holders of Equity Shares will be entitled to receive any
of the remaining assets of the company, after distribution of all
preferential amounts. However, no such preferential amounts exist
currently. The distribution will be in proportion to the number of
Equity Shares held by the shareholders. Dividend recommended by the
Board of Directors (other than interim dividend) is subject to approval
of the shareholders ensuring Annual General Meeting.
Mar 31, 2014
A. Accounting Convention
To prepare financial statements in accordance with applicable
Accounting Standards in India. A summary of important accounting
policies is set out below. The financial statements have also been
prepared in accordance with relevant presentational requirements of the
Companies Act, 1956.
b. Basis of Preparation
The financial statements have been prepared and presented under the
historical cost convention on the accrual basis of accounting and
comply with the Accounting Standards prescribed by Companies
(Accounting Standards) Rules, 2006, as amended and other pronouncements
of the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India (''ICAI''). All
assets and liabilities have been classified as current or non-current
as per the Company''s normal operating cycle and other criteria set out
in Schedule VI to the Companies Act, 1956. Based on the nature of
operations of the Company, the Company has ascertained its operating
cycle as 12 months for the purpose of current/ non-current
classification of all assets and liabilities.
c. Use of Estimates
The preparation of the financial statements is in conformity with
Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) which requires the
management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported
amounts of income and expenditure for the period ended, assets and
liabilities and disclosures of contingent liabilities on the date of
the financial statements. The estimates and assumptions used in the
preparation of accompanying financial statements are based upon
management''s evaluation of relevant facts and circumstances as of the
date of financial statement. Actual results could, however, differ from
those estimates. Any revision to accounting estimates is recognised
prospectively in current and future periods.
d. Fixed Assets and Depreciation
Tangible Fixed Assets are stated at cost of acquisition or construction
less accumulated depreciation. The cost of fixed assets includes
non-refundable taxes and levies, freight and other incidental expenses
related to acquisition and installation , financing costs during the
period of construction for qualifying assets. Depreciation on fixed
assets is provided on Written Down Value Method at the rate and in the
manner prescribed in Schedule XIV to the Companies Act, 1956.
Depreciation on assets purchased / acquired during the year is charged
from the date of purchase of the assets. Similarly depreciation on
assets sold / discarded during the year is charged upto the date of
sale of assets.
e. Inventories
a) Raw Materials, Stores & Spares, Work in Progress and Finished Goods
are valued at lower of cost or net realisable value. b) Cost for Raw
materials is determined on FIFO basis, net of cenvat credit availed. c)
Cost for Finished Goods and Work-in-Progress is determined taking
material cost [net of cenvat credit availed] labour and relevant
appropriate overheads and excise duty. d) Scrap, empty drums and
replaced materials are valued at their respective net realisable value.
f. Investments
Long-term (Non Current) investments are stated at cost. Provision is
made for diminution in the value of the investments, if, in the opinion
of the management, the same is considered to be other than temporary in
nature.
g. Revenue from Operation
Revenue from operations includes sale of goods and works contract
including excise duty, adjusted for discounts (net), Value Added Tax
(VAT). Sale of products are recognised when risk and rewards of
ownership of the products are passed on to the customers, which is
generally on despatch of goods. Revenue is recognized only when it can
be reliably measured and it is reasonable to expect ultimate
collection. Export sales are accounted on the basis of date of Bill of
Lading.
h. Recognition of other items of Income & Expenditures
Other items of income and expenditure are accounted for on accrual
basis.
i. Employee Benefits
(i) Short Term Employee Benefits
All employee benefits falling due wholly within twelve months of
rendering the services are classified as short term employee benefits,
which includes benefits like salary, wages, short term compensated
absences and bonus, are recognized as expenses in the period in which
the employee renders the related service.
(ii) Post- Employment Benefits
- Defined Contribution Plans
The Company has Defined Contribution Plans for Post employment benefits
in the form of Provident / Family Pension Fund for all employees which
are administered by Regional Provident Fund Commissioner. Provident
Fund and Family Pension Fund are classified as defined contribution
plans as the Company has no further obligation beyond making the
contributions. The Company''s contributions to Defined Contribution
plans are charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss as and when
incurred.
- Defined Benefit Plans
Non-Funded Plan: The Company has a defined benefit plan for
Post-employment benefit in the form of Gratuity. Liability for the
above defined benefit plan is provided on the basis of valuation, as at
the Balance Sheet date, carried out by an independent actuary. The
actuarial method used for measuring the liability is the Projected Unit
Credit Method.
(iii) Termination benefits are recognised as an expense as and when
incurred.
(iv) The Acturial gains and losses arising during the year are
recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.
(v) Provision is made for value of un-availed leaves due to employees
at the end of accounting year on actual calculations.
j. Foreign Currency Transactions
Transactions in foreign currency are accounted for at exchange rates
prevailing on the date of the transaction. Foreign currency assets and
liabilities (monetary items-trade receivables / trade payables) at the
year-end are accounted for at year-end exchange rates and differences,
if any, are adjusted in the Statement of Profit and Loss. Exchange
differences arising on settlement of monetary items (trade receivables
/ trade payables) are recognised as income or expense in the period in
which the settlements are made
k. Borrowing Cost
Interest and other costs in connection with the borrowings of the funds
to the extent related / attributed to the acquisition /construction of
qualifying fixed assets are capitalised upto the date when such assets
are ready for their intended use and other borrowing costs are charged
to Statement of Profit and Loss.
l. Segment reporting
Segments are identified based on the dominant source and nature of
risks and returns and the internal organisation and management
structure. The accounting policies adopted for segment reporting are in
line with the accounting policies of the Company. In addition, the
following specific accounting policies have been followed for segment
reporting: a) Inter segment revenue is accounted for based on the
transaction price agreed to between segments on cost basis. b) Revenue
and expenses are identified to segments on the basis of their
relationship to the operating activities of the segment. Revenue and
expenses, which relate to the enterprise as a whole and are not
allocable to segments on a reasonable basis, have been disclosed as
"Unallocable".
m. Leases
Where the Company is a Lessee:
Leases where the Lessor effectively retains substantially all the risks
and benefits of ownership of the Leased Asset, are classified as
''Operating Leases''. Lease rentals with respect to assets taken on
''Operating Lease'' are charged to Statement of Profit and Loss on a
straight line basis over the lease term.
Leases which effectively transfer to the Company substantially all the
risks and benefits incidental to the ownership of the leased item are
classified as ''Finance Lease''. Assets acquired on Finance Lease which
substantially transfer all the risks and rewards of ownership to the
Company are capitalized as assets by the Company at the lower of the
fair value and the present value of the minimum lease payment and a
liability is created for an equivalent amount. Amortization of
capitalized Leased asset is computed on Straight Line Method over the
useful life of the asset . Lease rentals payable is apportioned between
the liability and finance charge so as to obtain a constant periodic
rate of interest on the outstanding liability for each year."
n. Taxation
Tax expense for the year comprising, current tax and deferred tax, are
included in determining the net profit for the year. Provision is made
for the current tax based on tax liability computed in accordance with
relevant tax rates and tax laws. Provision is made for deferred tax for
all timing differences arising between taxable income and accounting
income at currently enacted or substantively enacted tax rates.
Deferred tax assets are recognized only if there is reasonable
certainty that they will be realized and are reviewed for the
appropriateness of their respective carrying values at each Balance
Sheet date.
o. Earning Per Share
The earnings in ascertaining the Company''s EPS comprises the net profit
after tax and includes the post tax effect of any extraordinary items.
The number of shares used in computing basic EPS is the weighted
average number of shares outstanding during the year. Diluted earnings
per share is computed by dividing the profit/(loss) after tax
(including the post tax effect of extra ordinary items, if any) as
adjusted for dividend, interest and other charges to expense or income
relating to the dilutive potential equity shares, by the weighted
average number of equity shares which could have been issued on
conversion of all dilutive potential equity shares. Potential equity
shares are deemed to be dilutive only if their conversion to equity
shares would decrease the net profit per share from continuing ordinary
operations. Potential dilutive equity shares are deemed to be
converted as at the beginning of the period, unless they have been
issued at a later date. Dilutive potential equity shares are determined
independently for each period.
p. Impairment of Assets
The Company evaluates the impairment losses on the fixed assets
whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that their
carrying amounts may not be recoverable at the year-end in term of
clause 5 to 13 of AS -28. If such assets are considered to be impaired
the impairment loss is then recognised for the amount by which the
carrying amount of the assets exceeds its recoverable amount.
Recoverable amount is the higher of an asset''s net selling price and
value in use.In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows
are discounted to their present value based on the appropriate discount
factor.
An impairment loss is charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss in
the year in which an asset is identified as impaired. The impairment
loss recognized in prior accounting periods is reversed if there has
been a change in the estimate of recoverable amount.
q. Provisions, Contingent Liabilities And Contingent Assets
Provisions involving substantial degree of estimation in measurements
are recognized when there is a present obligation as a result of past
event and it is probable that there will be an outflow of resources.
Contingent liabilities are disclosed in respect of possible obligations
that arises from past events but their existence is confirmed by the
occurence or non occurence of one or more uncertain future events not
wholly within the control of the Company.
Contingent Assets are neither recognized nor disclosed in the financial
statements.
(e) The Company has only one class of shares referred to as Equity
Shares having a par value of Rs. 10/- each. Each holder of Equity Shares
is entitled to one vote per share. In the event of liquidation of the
Company, the holders of Equity Shares will be entitled to receive any
of the remaining assets of the company, after distribution of all
preferential amounts. However, no such preferential amounts exist
currently. The distribution will be in proportion to the number of
Equity Shares held by the shareholders. Dividend recommended by the
Board of Directors (other than interim dividend) is subject to approval
of the shareholders ensuring Annual General Meeting.
Additional Notes on Long Term Borrowings including amount shown under
Other Current Liabilities as "Current Maturities of Long Term Debt" &
"Current Maturities of Finance Lease Obligation"
* Term loan of Rs. 100 lacs has been sanctioned by the bank, out of which
Rs. 44.88 lacs is availed by the unit as at 31/03/2014. Conscquently the
repayment structure disclosed above has been restricted to Rs. 44.88
lacs.
Mar 31, 2013
A. Basis of Preparation
The financial statements have been prepared and presented under the
historical cost convention on the accrual basis of accounting and
comply with the Accounting Standards prescribed by Companies
(Accounting Standards) Rules, 2006, as amended and other pronouncements
of the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India (ÂICAIÂ).
All assets and liabilities have been classified as current or
non-current as per the Company''s normal operating cycle and other
criteria set out in Schedule VI to the Companies Act, 1956. Based on
the nature of operations of the Company, the Company has ascertained
its operating cycle as 12 months for the purpose of current/
non-current classification of all assets and liabilities.
b. Use of Estimates
The preparation of the financial statements is in conformity with
Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) which requires the
management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported
amounts of income and expenditure for the period ended, assets and
liabilities and disclosures of contingent liabilities on the date of
the financial statements. The estimates and assumptions used in the
preparation of accompanying financial statements are based upon
management''s evaluation of relevant facts and circumstances as of the
date of financial statement. Actual results could, however, differ
from those estimates. Any revision to accounting estimates is
recognised prospectively in current and future periods.
c. Fixed Assets and Depreciation
Tangible Fixed Assets are stated at cost of acquisition or construction
less accumulated depreciation. The cost of fixed assets includes
non-refundable taxes and levies, freight and other incidental expenses
related to acquisition and installation , financing costs during the
period of construction for qualifying assets.
Depreciation on fixed assets is provided on Written Down Value Method
at the rate and in the manner prescribed in Schedule XIV to the
Companies Act, 1956. Depreciation on assets purchased / acquired during
the year is charged from the date of purchase of the assets. Similarly
depreciation on assets sold / discarded during the year is charged upto
the date of sale of assets.
d. Inventories
a) Raw Materials, Stores & Spares, Work in Progress and Finished Goods
are valued at lower of cost or net realisable value.
b) Cost for Raw materials is determined on FIFO basis, net of cenvat
credit availed.
c) Cost for Finished Goods and Work-in-Progress is determined taking
material cost [net of cenvat credit availed] labour and relevant
appropriate overheads and excise duty.
d) Scrap, empty drums and replaced materials are valued at their
respective net realisable value.
e. Investments
Long-term (Non Current) investments are stated at cost. Provision is
made for diminution in the value of the investments, if the same is
considered to be other than temporary in nature.
f. Revenue from Operation
Revenue from operations includes sale of goods and works contract
including excise duty, adjusted for discounts (net), Value Added Tax
(VAT).
Sale of products are recognised when risk and rewards of ownership of
the products are passed on to the customers, which is generally on
despatch of goods. Revenue is recognized only when it can be reliably
measured and it is reasonable to expect ultimate collection. Export
sales are accounted on the basis of date of Bill of Lading.
g. Recognition of other items of Income & Expenditures
Items of income and expenditure are accounted for on accrual basis.
h. Employee Benefits
(i) Short Term Employee Benefits
All employee benefits falling due wholly within twelve months of
rendering the services are classified as short term employee benefits,
which includes benefits like salary, wages, short term compensated
absences and bonus, are recognized as expenses in the period in which
the employee renders the related service.
(ii) Post- Employment Benefits
- Defined Contribution Plans
The Company has Defined Contribution Plans for Post employment benefits
in the form of Provident / Family Pension Fund for all employees which
are administered by Regional Provident Fund Commissioner. Provident
Fund and Family Pension Fund are classified as defined contribution
plans as the Company has no further obligation beyond making the
contributions. The CompanyÂs contributions to Defined Contribution
plans are charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss as and when
incurred.
- Defined Benefit Plans
Non-Funded Plan: The Company has a defined benefit plan for
Post-employment benefit in the form of Gratuity. Liability for the
above defined benefit plan is provided on the basis of valuation, as at
the Balance Sheet date, carried out by an independent actuary. The
actuarial method used for measuring the liability is the Projected Unit
Credit Method.
(iii) Termination benefits are recognised as an expense as and when
incurred.
(iv) The Acturial gains and losses arising during the year are
recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.
(v) Provision is made for value of un-availed leaves due to employees
at the end of accounting year on actual calculations.
i. Foreign Currency Transactions
Transactions in foreign currency are accounted for at exchange rates
prevailing on the date of the transaction. Foreign currency assets and
liabilities (monetary items-trade receivables / trade payables) at the
year-end are accounted for at year-end exchange rates and differences,
if any, are adjusted in the Statement of Profit and Loss. Exchange
differences arising on settlement of monetary items (trade receivables
/ trade payables) are recognised as income or expense in the period in
which the settlements are made.
j. Impairment of Assets
The Company evaluates the impairment losses on the fixed assets
whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that their
carrying amounts may not be recoverable at the year-end in term of
clause 5 to 13 of AS -28. If such assets are considered to be impaired
the impairment loss is then recognised for the amount by which the
carrying amount of the assets exceeds its recoverable amount.
Recoverable amount is the higher of an assetÂs net selling price and
value in use.In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows
are discounted to their present value based on the appropriate discount
factor.
An impairment loss is charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss in
the year in which an asset is identified as impaired. The impairment
loss recognized in prior accounting periods is reversed if there has
been a change in the estimate of recoverable amount.
k. Borrowing Cost
Interest and other costs in connection with the borrowings of the funds
to the extent related / attributed to the acquisition /construction of
qualifying fixed assets are capitalised upto the date when such assets
are ready for their intended use and other borrowing costs are charged
to Statement of Profit and Loss.
l. Taxation
Tax expense for the year comprising, current tax and deferred tax, are
included in determining the net profit for the year. Provision is made
for the current tax based on tax liability computed in accordance with
relevant tax rates and tax laws. Provision is made for deferred tax for
all timing differences arising between taxable income and accounting
income at currently enacted or substantively enacted tax rates.
Deferred tax assets are recognized only if there is reasonable
certainty that they will be realized and are reviewed for the
appropriateness of their respective carrying values at each Balance
Sheet date.
m. Leases
Where the Company is a Lessee :
Leases where the Lessor effectively retains substantially all the risks
and benefits of ownership of the Leased Asset, are classified as
''Operating LeasesÂ. Lease rentals with respect to assets taken on
''Operating Lease'' are charged to Statement of Profit and Loss on a
straight line basis over the lease term.
Leases which effectively transfer to the Company substantially all the
risks and benefits incidental to the ownership of the leased item are
classified as ''Finance Lease''. Assets acquired on Finance Lease which
substantially transfer all the risks and rewards of ownership to the
Company are capitalized as assets by the Company at the lower of the
fair value and the present value of the minimum lease payment and a
liability is created for an equivalent amount. Amortization of
capitalized Leased asset is computed on Straight Line Method over the
useful life of the asset . Lease rentals payable is apportioned
between the liability and finance charge so as to obtain a constant
periodic rate of interest on the outstanding liability for each year.
n. Provisions, Contingent Liabilities And Contingent Assets
Provisions involving substantial degree of estimation in measurements
are recognized when there is a present obligation as a result of past
event and it is probable that there will be an outflow of resources.
Contingent liabilities are disclosed in respect of possible obligations
that arises from past events but their existence is confirmed by the
occurence or non occurence of one or more uncertain future events not
wholly within the control of the Company.Contingent Assets are neither
recognized nor disclosed in the financial statements.
o. Segment Reporting
Segments are identified based on the dominant source and nature of
risks and returns and the internal organisation and management
structure. The accounting policies adopted for segment reporting are in
line with the accounting policies of the Company. In addition, the
following specific accounting policies have been followed for segment
reporting: a) Inter segment revenue is accounted for based on the
transaction price agreed to between segments on cost basis. b) Revenue
and expenses are identified to segments on the basis of their
relationship to the operating activities of the segment. Revenue and
expenses, which relate to the enterprise as a whole and are not
allocable to segments on a reasonable basis, have been disclosed as
"Unallocable".
Mar 31, 2012
A. BASIS OF PREPARATION
The financial statements have been prepared and presented under the
historical cost convention on the accrual basis of accounting and
comply with the Accounting Standards prescribed by Companies
(Accounting Standards) Rules, 2006, as amended and other pronouncements
of the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India ('ICAI').
All assets and liabilities have been classified as current or
non-current as per the Companys' normal operating cycle and other
criteria set out in Schedule VI to the Companies Act, 1956. Based on
the nature of operations of the Company, the Company has ascertained
its operating cycle as 12 months for the purpose of current/non-current
classification of all assets and liabilities.
b. USE OF ESTIMATES
The preparation of the financial statements is in conformity with
Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) and requires management
to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of
income and expenditure for the period ended, assets and liabilities and
disclosures of contingent liabilities on the date of the financial
statements. The estimates and assumptions used in the accompanying
financial statements are based upon management's evaluation of relevant
facts and circumstances as of the date of financial statement. Actual
results could differ from those estimates. Any revision to accounting
estimates is recognised prospectively in future periods.
c. FIXED ASSETS AND DEPRECIATION
Tangible Fixed Assets are stated at cost of acquisition or construction
less accumulated depreciation. The cost of fixed assets includes
non-refundable taxes and levies, freight and other incidental expenses
related to acquisition and installation, financing costs during the
period of construction for qualifying assets .
Depreciation on fixed assets is provided on Written Down Value Method
at the rate and in the manner prescribed in Schedule XIV to the
Companies Act, 1956. Depreciation on assets purchased/acquired during
the year is charged from the date of purchase of the assets. Similarly
depreciation on assets sold/discarded during the year is charged upto
the date of sale of assets.
d. INVENTORIES
a) Raw Materials, Stores & Spares, Work in Process and Finished Goods
are valued at lower of cost or net realisable value.
b) Cost for Raw materials is determined on FIFO basis, net of cenvat
credit availed.
c) Cost for Finished Goods and Work in Process Stock is determined
taking material cost [net of cenvat credit availed] labour and relevant
appropriate overheads and cenvat duty.
d) Scrap, empty drums and replaced materials are valued at net
realisable value.
e. INVESTMENTS
Long-term (Non Current) investments are stated at cost. Provision is
made for diminution in the value of the investments, if the same is
considered to be other than temporary in nature.
f. REVENUE FROM OPERATION
Revenue from operations includes sale of goods and works contract
includes excise duty, adjusted for discounts (net), Value Added Tax
(VAT).
Sales of product are recognised when risk and rewards of ownership of
the products are passed on to the customers, which is generally on
despatch of goods. Revenue is recognized only when it can be reliably
measured and it is reasonable to expect ultimate collection.Export
sales are accounted on the basis of date of Bill of lading.
g. RECOGNITION OF OTHER ITEMS OF INCOME & EXPENDITURES
Income and Expenditure are accounted for on accrual basis.
h. EMPLOYEE BENEFITS
(i) Short term employee benefits
All employee benefits falling due wholly within twelve months of
rendering the services are classified as short term employee benefits,
which includes benefits like salary, wages, short term compensated
absences and bonus, are recognized as expenses in the period in which
the employee renders the related service.
(ii) Post-employment Benefits
(a) Defined Contribution Plans
The Company has Defined Contribution Plans for Post employment benefits
in the form of Provident/Family Pension Fund for all employees which
are administered by Regional Provident Fund Commissioner. Provident
Fund and Family Pension Fund are classified as defined contribution
plans as the Company has no further obligation beyond making the
contributions. The Company's contributions to Defined Contribution
plans are charged to the Profit and Loss Statement as and when
incurred.
(b) Defined Benefit Plans
Non-Funded Plan : The Company has a defined benefit plan for
Post-employment benefit in the form of Gratuity. Liability for the
above defined benefit plan is provided on the basis of valuation, as at
the Balance Sheet date, carried out by an independent actuary. The
actuarial method used for measuring the liability is the Projected Unit
Credit Method.
(iii) Termination benefits are recognised as an expense as and when
incurred.
(iv) The Acturial gains and losses arising during the year, are
recognised in the Profit and Loss Statement.
(v) Provision is made for value of un-availed leaves due to employees
at the end of accounting year on actual calculations.
i. FOREIGN CURRENCY TRANSACTIONS
Transactions in foreign currency are accounted for at exchange rates
prevailing on the date of the transaction. Foreign currency assets and
liabilities (monetary items-trade receivables / trade payables) at the
year-end are accounted for at year-end exchange rates and differences,
if any, are adjusted in the Profit & Loss Statement. Exchange
differences arising on settlement of monetary items (trade receivables
/ trade payables) are recognised as income or expense in the period in
which the settlements are made.
j. IMPAIRMENT OF ASSETS
The Company evaluates the impairment losses on the fixed assets
whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that their
carrying amounts may not be recoverable at the year-end in
term of clause 5 to 13 of AS -28. If such assets are considered to be
impaired the impairment loss is then recognised for the amount by which
the carrying amount of the assets exceeds its recoverable amount.
Recoverable amount is the higher of an asset's net selling price and
value in use. In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash
flows are discounted to their present value based on the appropriate
discount factor.
An impairment loss is charged to the Profit and Loss Statement in the
year in which an asset is identified as impaired. The impairment loss
recognized in prior accounting periods is reversed if there has been a
change in the estimate of recoverable amount.
k. BORROWING COST
Interest and other costs in connection with the borrowings of the funds
to the extents related/ attributed to the acquisition /construction of
qualifying fixed assets are capitalised upto the date when such assets
are ready for their intended use and other borrowing costs are charged
to Profit and Loss Statement.
l. TAXATION
Tax expenses for the year comprising, current tax and deferred tax, are
included in determining the net profit for the year. A provision is
made for the current tax based on tax liability computed in accordance
with relevant tax rates and tax laws. A provision is made for deferred
tax for all timing differences arising between taxable income and
accounting income at currently enacted or substantively enacted tax
rates. Deferred tax assets are recognized only if there is reasonable
certainty that they will be realized and are reviewed for the
appropriateness of their respective carrying values at each Balance
Sheet date.
m. LEASES
Where the Company is a Lessee
Leases where the Lessor effectively retains substantially all the risks
and benefits of ownership of the Leased Asset, are classified as
'Operating Leases". Lease rentals with respect to assets taken on
'Operating Lease' are charged to Profit and Loss Statement on a
straight line basis over the lease term.
Leases which effectively transfer to the Company substantially all the
risks and benefits incidental to the ownership of the leased item are
classified as 'Finance Lease'. Assets acquired on Finance Lease which
substantially transfer all the risks and rewards of ownership to the
Company are capitalized as assets by the Company at the lower of the
fair value and the present value of the minimum lease payment and a
liability is created for an equivalent amount. Amortization of
capitalized Leased asset is computed on Straight Line Method over the
useful life of the asset . Lease rentals payable is apportioned
between the liability and finance charge so as to obtain a constant
periodic rate of interest on the outstanding liability for each year.
n. PROVISIONS, CONTINGENT LIABILITIES AND CONTINGENT ASSETS
Provisions involving substantial degree of estimation in measurements
are recognized when there is a present obligation as a result of past
event and it is probable that there will be an outflow of resources.
Contingent liabilities are disclosed in respect of possible obligations
that arises from past events but their existence is confirmed by the
occurence or non occurence of one or more uncertain future events not
wholly within the control of the Company. Contingent Assets are neither
recognized nor disclosed in the financial statements.
Mar 31, 2010
A. BASIS OF PREPARATION OF FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
The financial statements have been prepared in accordance with
Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) under the Historical
Cost Convention on the basis of a going concern. The Company follows
mercantile system of accounting and recognizes income and expenditure
on accrual basis except those with significant uncertainties.
b. USE OF ESTIMATES
The preparation of financial statements require estimates and
assumptions to be made that affect the reported amount of assets &
liabilities on the date of the financial statements and the reported
amount of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Difference
between actual results and estimates are recognised in the period in
which the results are known / materialised.
c. FIXED ASSETS
Fixed Assets are stated at their original cost less accumulated
depreciation. Cost includes attributable expenses, pre-operational
expenses, financing costs during the period of construction for
qualifying assets and excludes Cenvat benefit enjoyed, if any.
d. DEPRECIATION:
Depreciation is provided on Written Down Value Method at the rates and
in the manner prescribed in Schedule XIV of the Companies Act, 1956. No
amortization is provided in respect of Leasehold Land.
e. INVESTMENT
Long Term investments are valued at cost. Provision is made for
diminution in value of investments, if the same is considered to be
other than temporary in nature.
f. INVENTORIES
(i) Raw materials, Stores & Spare Parts, Work-in-process and Finished
goods are valued at lower of cost and net realizable value. Cost of raw
material and stores & spare parts are ascertained on FIFO method basis.
Cost of work-in-process and finished goods are ascertained on
absorption cost basis incorporating cost of material on weighted
average basis.
(ii) Scrap, empty drums and replaced material are valued at net
realizable value.
(iii) Excise Duty on inventories of finished goods as at the year end
are provided for and included in the valuation of the said inventories
of finished goods.
g. REVENUE RECOGNITION
Sales include excise duty but does not include VAT collected.
h. EMPLOYEE BENEFITS
(i) Short term employee benefits
All employee benefits falling due wholly within twelve months of
rendering the services are classified as short term employee benefits,
which include benefits like Salary, wages, short term compensated
absences and bonus, are recognized as expenses in the period in which
the employee renders the related service.
(ii) Post- Employment Benefits
(a) Defined Contribution Plans
The Company has Defined Contribution Plans for Post employment benefits
in the form of Provident/Family Pension Fund for all employees which
are administered by Regional Provident Fund Commissioner. Provident
Fund and Family Pension Fund are classified as defined contribution
plans as the Company has no further obligation beyond making the
contributions. The Companys contributions to Defined Contribution
plans are charged to the Profit and Loss Account as and when incurred.
(b) Defined Benefit Plans
Non-Funded Plan : The Company has a defined benefit plan for
Post-employment benefit in the form of Gratuity. Liability for the
above defined benefit plan is provided on the basis of valuation, as at
the Balance Sheet date, carried out by an independent actuary. The
actuarial method used for measuring the liability is the Projected Unit
Credit method.
(iii) Termination benefits are recognised as an expense as and when
incurred.
(iv) The Acturial gains and losses arising during the year are
recognised in the Profit and Loss Account.
i. FOREIGN CURRENCY TRANSACTIONS
Transactions in foreign currency are accounted for at exchange rates
prevailing on the date of the transaction. Foreign currency assets and
liabilities (monetary items-trade receivables / trade payables) at the
year-end are accounted for at year-end exchange rates and differences,
if any are adjusted in the Profit & Loss Account.Exchange differences
arising on settlement of monetary items( trade receivables / trade
payables) are recognised as income or expense in the period in which
they arise.
j. EARNINGS PER SHARE
The earnings is ascertaining the Companys EPS comprises the net
profit/loss after tax and includes the post tax effect of any extra
ordinary items. The number of shares used computing Basic -EPS is the
weighted average number of shares outstanding during the year.
k. TAXATION
Tax expenses for the year, comprising, current tax and deferred tax are
included in determining the net profit for the year. A provision is
made for the current tax based on tax liability computed in accordance
with relevant tax rates and tax laws. A provision is made for deferred
tax for all timing differences arising between taxable income and
accounting income at currently enacted or substantively enacted tax
rates. Deferred tax assets are recognized only if there is reasonable
certainty that they will be realized and are reviewed for the
appropriateness of their respective carrying values at each Balance
Sheet date.
l. IMPAIRMENT OF ASSETS
An asset is treated as impaired when the carrying cost of the asset
exceeds its recoverable value. An impairment loss is charged to the
profit and loss account in the year in which an asset is identified as
impaired. The impairment loss recognized in prior accounting periods is
reversed if there has been a change in the estimate of recoverable
amount.
m. PROVISIONS.CONTINGENT LIABILITIES AND CONTINGENT ASSETS
Provisions involving substantial degree of estimation in measurements
are recognized when there is a present obligation as a result of past
event and it is probable that there will be an outflow of resources.
Contingent liabilities are not recognized but are disclosed in the
notes. Contingent assets are neither recognized nor disclosed in the
financial statement.
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