Mar 31, 2024
2 Significant accounting policies2.1 Basis of preparation
i The standalone financial statements are prepared on the accrual basis of accounting and in accordance with the Indian Accounting Standards (hereinafter referred to as "the Ind AS") as prescribed under section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013 ("the Act") (as amended) and other relevant provisions of the Act.
ii The standalone financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis under the historical cost basis except for the followings:
⢠certain financial assets and liabilities are measured at fair value;
⢠assets held for sale measured at fair value less cost to sell;
⢠defined benefit plans plan assets measured at fair value.
iii The standalone financial statements are presented in Indian Rupees in Lakhs and all values are rounded to the nearest in two decimal point except where otherwise stated.
2.2 Current and non-current classification
The Company presents assets and liabilities in the balance sheet based on current/ non-current classification. An asset is treated as current when it is:
i. Expected to be realized or intended to be sold or consumed in normal operating cycle
ii. Held primarily for the purpose of trading,
iii. Expected to be realized within twelve months after the reporting period, or
iv. Cash or cash equivalent unless restricted from being exchanged or used to settle a liability for at least twelve months after the reporting period.
All other assets are classified as non-current.
A liability is current when:
i. It is expected to be settled in normal operating cycle
ii. It is held primarily for the purpose of trading
iii. It is due to be settled within twelve months after the reporting period, or
iv. There is no unconditional right to defer the settlement of the liability for at least twelve months after
the reporting period.
All other liabilities are classified as non-current.
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are classified as non-current assets and liabilities.
The operating cycle is the time between the acquisition of assets for processing and their realisation in cash and cash equivalents. The Company has identified twelve months as its operating cycle.
The Company measures financial instruments, such as, derivatives at fair value at each balance sheet date.
Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date.
A fair value measurement of a non-financial asset takes into account a market participant''s ability to generate economic benefits by using the asset in its highest and best use or by selling it to another market participant that would use the asset in its highest and best use.
The Company uses valuation techniques that are appropriate in the circumstances and for which sufficient data are available to measure fair value, maximizing the use of relevant observable inputs and minimizing the use of unobservable inputs.
The Company categorizes assets and liabilities measured at fair value into one of three levels as follows:
⢠Level 1 â Quoted (unadjusted)
This hierarchy includes financial instruments measured using quoted prices.
Level 2 inputs are inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly.
Level 2 inputs include the following:
a) Quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets.
b) Quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active.
c) Inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability.
d) Market - corroborated inputs.
They are unobservable inputs for the asset or liability reflecting significant modifications to observable related market data or Company''s assumptions about pricing by market participants. Fair values are determined in whole or in part using a valuation model based on assumptions that are neither supported by prices from observable current market transactions in the same instrument nor are they based on available market data.
2.4 Non-current assets held for sale
Non-current assets and disposal groups are classified as held for sale if their carrying amount will be recovered principally through a sale transaction rather than through continuing use. This condition is regarded as met only when the asset (or disposal group) is available for immediate sale in its present condition subject only to terms that are usual and customary for sales of such asset (or disposal group) and its sale is highly probable. Management must be committed to the sale, which should be expected to qualify for recognition as a completed sale within one year from the date of classification.
Non-current assets (and disposal groups) classified as held for sale are measured at the lower of their carrying amount and fair value less costs to sell and are disclosed separately under the head "Other Current Assets". once classified as held for sale are not depreciated or amortised.
2.5 Property Plant and Equipment
Property, Plant and Equipment (PPE) and intangible assets are not depreciated or amortized once classified as held for sale.
PPE are stated at actual cost less accumulated depreciation and impairment loss. Actual cost is inclusive of freight, installation cost, duties, taxes and other incidental expenses for bringing the asset to its working conditions for its intended use (net of recoverable taxes) and any cost directly attributable to bring the asset into the location and condition necessary for it to be capable of operating in the manner intended by the Management. It includes professional fees and borrowing costs for qualifying assets.
Subsequent expenditure related to an item of property, plant and equipment is added to its book value only if it increases the future benefits from its previously assessed standard of performance. All other expenses on existing property, plant and equipment, including day-to-day repair and maintenance expenditure and cost of replacing parts, are charged to the statement of profit and loss for the period during which such expenses are incurred.
Borrowing costs directly attributable to acquisition of property, plant and equipment which take substantial period of time to get ready for its intended use are also included to the extent they relate to the period till such assets are ready to be put to use.
Significant Parts of an item of PPE (including major inspections) having different useful lives and material value or other factors are accounted for as separate components. All other repairs and maintenance costs are recognized in the statement of profit and loss as incurred.
Subsequent costs are included in the asset''s carrying amount or recognised as a separate asset, as appropriate, only when it is probable that future economic benefits associated with the item will flow to the entity and the cost can be measured reliably.
Advances paid towards the acquisition of Property, plant and equipment are disclosed as "Capital advances" under "Other Non - Current Assets" and the cost of assets not ready intended use as at the balance sheet date are disclosed as ''Capital work-in-progress'' Capital work- in- progress includes cost of property, plant and equipment under installation / under development as at the balance sheet date.
Depreciation of these PPE commences when the assets are ready for their intended use.
Depreciation is provided for on straight line method on the basis of useful life. The useful life of property, plant and equipment are as follows: -
|
Asset Class |
Useful Life(in years) |
|
Vehicles |
8 |
|
Office Equipment''s |
5 |
|
Computers & Printers |
3 |
|
Air Conditioners |
5 |
|
Furniture & Fixtures |
10 |
On assets acquired on lease (including improvements to the leasehold premises), amortization has been provided for on Straight Line Method over the period of lease.
The estimated useful lives and residual values are reviewed on an annual basis and if appropriate, changes in estimates are accounted for prospectively.
Depreciation on subsequent expenditure on PPE arising on account of capital improvement or other factors is provided for prospectively over the remaining useful life.
An item of PPE is de-recognized upon disposal or when no future economic benefits are expected to arise from the continued use of the asset. Any gain or loss arising on the disposal or retirement of an item of PPE is determined as the difference between the sales proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset and is recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss.
Intangible assets are stated at cost (net of recoverable taxes) less accumulated amortization and impairment loss. Intangible assets are amortized over their respective individual estimated useful lives on a straight-line basis, from the date that they are available for use. The estimated useful life of an identifiable intangible asset is based on a number of factors including the effects of obsolescence, demand, competition, and other economic factors (such as the stability of the industry, and known technological advances), and the level of maintenance expenditures required to obtain the expected future cash flows from the asset.
Subsequent costs are included in the asset''s carrying amount or recognised as a separate asset, as appropriate, only when it is probable that future economic benefits associated with the item will flow to the entity and the cost can be measured reliably.
Intangible assets comprising of goodwill and other intangible assets is amortized on a straight line basis over the useful life of three years which is estimated by the management.
Depreciation on subsequent expenditure on intangible assets arising on account of capital improvement or other factors is provided for prospectively over the remaining useful life.
Amortization methods and useful lives are reviewed on an annual basis and if appropriate, changes in estimates are accounted for prospectively.
An intangible asset is derecognized on disposal, or when no future economic benefits are expected from use or disposal. Gains or losses arising from de-recognition of an intangible asset, measured as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset, and are recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss when the asset is derecognized.
A financial instrument is any contract that gives rise to a financial asset of one entity and a financial liability or equity instrument of another entity
2.7.1 Financial assetsInitial recognition and measurement
All financial assets are recognized initially at fair value plus, in the case of financial assets not recorded at fair value through profit or loss, transaction costs that are attributable to the acquisition of the financial asset. Purchases or sales of financial assets that require delivery of assets within a time frame are recognized on the trade date, i.e., the date that the Company commits to purchase or sell the asset.
For purposes of subsequent measurement, financial assets are classified in following categories based on business model of the entity:
⢠Financial Assets at amortized cost
A financial asset is measured at amortized cost if it is held within a business model whose objective is to hold the asset in order to collect contractual cash flows and the contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.
⢠Financial Assets at fair value through other comprehensive income (FVTOCI)
A financial asset is measured at FVTOCI if it is held within a business model whose objective is achieved by both collecting contractual cash flows and selling financial assets and the contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.
⢠Financial Assets and equity instruments at fair value through profit or loss (FVTPL)
A financial asset which is not classified in any of the above categories are measured at FVTPL.
All other equity investments are measured at fair value, with value changes recognized in Statement of Profit and Loss, except for those equity investments for which the Company has elected to present the value changes in ''Other Comprehensive Income''. However, dividend on such equity investments are recognised in Statement of Profit and loss when the Company''s right to receive payment is established.
The Company considers all highly liquid financial instruments, which are readily convertible into known amounts of cash that are subject to an insignificant risk of change in value and
having original maturities of three months or less from the date of purchase, to be cash equivalents. Cash and cash equivalents consist of balances with banks which are unrestricted for withdrawal and usage.
Financial assets are reclassified subsequent to their recognition, if the Company changes its business model for managing those financial assets. Changes in business model are made and applied prospectively from the reclassification date which is the first day of immediately next reporting period following the changes in business model in accordance with principles laid down under Ind AS 109 - Financial Instruments.
Investments in subsidiaries, Associates and Joint Ventures
The Company has accounted for its subsidiaries, Associates and Joint Ventures at cost less impairment loss (if any). The investments in preference shares with the right of surplus assets which are in nature of equity in accordance with Ind AS 32 are treated as separate category of investment and measured at FVTOCI.
A financial asset is de-recognized only when
⢠The Company has transferred the rights to receive cash flows from the financial asset or
⢠Retains the contractual rights to receive the cash flows of the financial asset, but assumes a contractual obligation to pay the cash flows to one or more recipients.
Where the Company has transferred an asset, it evaluates whether it has transferred substantially all risks and rewards of ownership of the financial asset. In such cases, the financial asset is derecognized.
Where the Company has neither transferred a financial asset nor retains substantially all risks and rewards of ownership of the financial asset, the financial asset is de-recognized if the company has not retained control of the financial asset. Where the company retains control of the financial asset, the asset is continued to be recognized to the extent of continuing involvement in the financial asset.
Impairment of financial assets
In accordance with Ind AS 109, the Company applies expected credit loss (ECL), simplified model approach for measurement and recognition of Impairment loss on Trade receivables or any contractual right to receive cash or another financial asset that result from transactions that are within the scope of Ind AS 115.
ECL impairment loss allowance (or reversal) recognized during the year is recognized as income / expense in the statement of Profit and Loss.
2..7.2 Financial liabilitiesClassification as debt or equity
Financial liabilities and equity instruments issued by the company are classified according to the substance of the contractual arrangements entered into and the definitions of a financial liability and an equity instrument.
Initial recognition and measurement
Financial liabilities are recognized when the company becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instrument. Financial liabilities are initially measured at the amortized cost unless at initial recognition, they are classified as fair value through profit and loss.
Financial liabilities are subsequently measured at amortized cost using the effective interest rate method. Financial liabilities carried at fair value through profit or loss is measured at fair value with all changes in fair value recognized in the statement of profit and loss.
These amounts represent liabilities for goods and services provided to the Company prior to the end of financial year which are unpaid. Trade and other payables are presented as current liabilities unless payment is not due within 12 months after the reporting year. They are recognized initially at their fair value and subsequently measured at amortized cost using the effective interest method.
After initial recognition, interest-bearing loans and borrowings are subsequently measured at amortized cost using the EIR method. Gains and losses are recognized in profit or loss when the liabilities are derecognized as well as through the EIR amortization process.
A financial liability is derecognized when the obligation under the liability is discharged or cancelled or expires.
Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities are offset and the net amount is presented in the balance sheet when, and only when, the Company has a legally enforceable right to set off the amount and it intends, either to settle them on a net basis or to realise the asset and settle the liability simultaneously.
2.8 Impairment of non-financial assets
The Company assesses, at each reporting date, whether there is an indication that an asset may be impaired. If any indication exists, or when annual impairment testing for an asset is required, the Company estimates the asset''s recoverable amount. An asset''s recoverable amount is the higher of an asset''s or cash-generating units (CGU) fair value less costs of disposal and its value in use. Recoverable amount is determined for an individual asset, unless the asset does not generate cash inflows that are largely independent of those from other assets or groups of assets.
When the carrying amount of an asset or CGU exceeds its recoverable amount, the asset is considered impaired and is written down to its recoverable amount.
In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the asset. In determining fair value less costs of disposal, recent market transactions
are taken into account. If no such transactions can be identified, an appropriate valuation model is used.
Impairment losses of continuing operations, including impairment on inventories, are recognized in the statement of profit and loss. After impairment, depreciation is provided on the revised carrying amount of the asset over its remaining useful life.
A previously recognized impairment loss (except for goodwill) is reversed only if there has been a change in the assumptions used to determine the asset''s recoverable amount since the last impairment loss was recognized. The reversal is limited to the carrying amount of the asset.
Revenue from contracts with customers is recognized when the entity satisfies a performance obligation by transferring a promised service to customer at an amount that reflects the consideration to which the company expects to be entitled in exchange for those services.
Sale of services are recognized on satisfaction of performance obligation towards rendering of such services
Contract Balances Trade Receivables
A receivable represents the Company''s right to an amount of consideration that is unconditional.
A contract liability is the obligation to transfer goods or services to a customer for which the Company has received consideration (or an amount of consideration is due) from the customer. If a customer pays consideration before the Company transfers goods or services to the customer, a contract liability is recognized when the payment is made or the payment is due (whichever is earlier).
Contract liabilities are recognised as revenue when the Company performs under the contract.
Interest income from a financial asset is recognized using effective interest rate method.
⢠Other income is recognized when no significant uncertainty as to its determination or realization exists.
The Company assesses whether a contract contains lease, at inception of a contract. A contract is, or contains, a lease if the contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset for a
period of time in exchange for consideration. To assess whether a contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset, the Company assesses whether:
i the contract involves the use of an identified asset
ii the Company has substantially all of the economic benefits from use of the asset through the period of the lease and
iii the Company has the right to direct the use of the asset.
At the date of commencement of the lease, the Company recognizes a right-of-use asset (ROU) and a corresponding lease liability for all lease arrangements in which it is a lessee, except for leases with a lease term of twelve months or less (short-term leases) and low value leases.
The right-of-use assets are initially recognized at cost, which comprises the initial amount of the lease liability adjusted for any lease payments made at or prior to the commencement date of the lease plus any initial direct costs less any lease incentives. They are subsequently measured at cost less accumulated depreciation and impairment losses.
Right-of-use assets are depreciated from the commencement date on a straight-line basis over the shorter of the lease term and useful life of the underlying asset. The Company also assesses the right-of- use asset for impairment when such indicators exist.
The lease liability is initially measured at the present value of the fixed lease payments including variable lease payments that depend on an index or a rate. The lease payments are discounted using the interest rate implicit in the lease or, if not readily determinable, using the incremental borrowing rate of the Company.
Lease payments included in the measurement of the lease liability are made up of fixed payments (including in substance fixed), and payments arising from options reasonably certain to be exercised. Subsequent to initial measurement, the liability will be reduced for payments made and increased for interest expenses. It is re-measured to reflect any reassessment or modification.
When the lease liability is re-measured, the corresponding adjustment is reflected in the right-of-use asset or profit and loss account as the case may be.
The Company has elected to account for short-term leases using the exemption given under Ind AS 116 Instead of recognizing a right-of-use asset and lease Liability. It also applies the lease of low-value assets recognition exemption to leases that are considered to be low value. The payments in relation to these are recognized as an expense in the statement of profit or loss on a straight-line basis over the lease term or on another systematic basis if that basis is more representative of the pattern of the Company''s benefit.
Leases are classified as finance leases when substantially all of the risks and rewards of ownership transfer from the Company to the lessee. Amounts due from lessees under finance leases are recorded as receivables at the Company''s net investment in the leases. Finance lease income is
allocated to accounting periods so as to reflect a constant periodic rate of return on the net investment outstanding in respect of the lease.
Leases in which the Company does not transfer substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership of an asset are classified as operating leases. Rental income from operating lease is recognised on a straight-line basis over the term of the relevant lease. Initial direct costs incurred in negotiating and arranging an operating lease are added to the carrying amount of the leased asset and recognised over the lease term on the same basis as rental income.
2.11 Foreign currency transactions
Items included in the financial statements of the Company are measured using the currency of the primary economic environment in which the entity operates (''the functional currency''). The financial statements are presented in Indian rupee (INR), which is entity''s functional and presentation currency.
Foreign currency transactions are translated into the functional currency using the exchange rates at the dates of the transactions. Monetary items denominated in foreign currency at the year end and not covered under forward exchange contracts are translated at the functional currency spot rate of exchange at the reporting date. Foreign exchange gains and losses resulting from the settlement of such transactions and from the translation of monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies at year end exchange rates are generally recognised in profit or loss.
Foreign exchange differences regarded as an adjustment to borrowing costs are presented in the consolidated statement of profit and loss, within finance costs. All other foreign exchange gains and losses are presented in the statement of profit and loss on a net basis within other gains/(losses).
Non-monetary items that are measured in terms of historical cost in a foreign currency are translated using the exchange rates at the dates of the initial transactions. Non-monetary items that are measured at fair value in a foreign currency are translated using the exchange rates at the date when the fair value was determined. Translation differences on assets and liabilities carried at fair value are reported as part of the fair value gain or loss.
2.12 Employee BenefitsShort term employee benefits: -
Liabilities for wages and salaries, including non-monetary benefits that are expected to be settled wholly within 12 months after the end of the year in which the employees render the related service are recognized in respect of employees'' services up to the end of the reporting year and are measured at the amounts expected to be paid when the liabilities are settled. The liabilities are presented as current employee benefit obligations in the balance sheet.
Post-employment obligations Defined contribution plans
Provident fund benefit is a defined contribution plan under which the Company pays fixed contributions into funds established under the Employee''s Provident funds and Miscellaneous
Provisions Act, 1952. The Company has no legal or constructive obligations to pay further contributions after payment of the fixed contribution.
The contribution paid / payable under the schemes is recognized during the period in which the employee renders the related service.
Defined benefit plans Gratuity
The Company provides for gratuity obligations through a defined benefit retirement plan (the ''Gratuity Plan'') covering all employees. The Gratuity Plan provides a lump sum payment to vested employees at retirement or termination of employment based on the respective employee salary and years of employment with the Company. The Company provides for the Gratuity Plan based on actuarial valuations in accordance with Indian Accounting Standard 19 (revised), "Employee Benefits". The present value of obligation under gratuity is determined based on actuarial valuation using Project Unit Credit Method, which recognizes each period of service as giving rise to additional unit of employee benefit entitlement and measures each unit separately to build up the final obligation.
Gratuity is recognized based on the present value of defined benefit obligation which is computed using the projected unit credit method, with actuarial valuations being carried out at the end of each annual reporting year. These are accounted either as current employee cost or included in cost of assets as permitted.
Re-measurement of defined benefit plans in respect of post-employment are charged to the Other Comprehensive Income.
As per the Company''s policy, leave earned during the year do not carry forward, they lapse if the current period''s entitlement is not used in full and do not entitle employees to a cash payment for unused entitlement during service.
Termination benefits are payable when employment is terminated by the Company before the normal retirement date, or when an employee accepts voluntary redundancy in exchange for these benefits. Termination benefits are recognized as an expense in the year in which they are incurred.
Borrowing costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of qualifying asset are capitalized as part of cost of such asset. Other borrowing costs are recognized as an expense in the year in which they are incurred.
Borrowing costs consists of interest and other costs that an entity incurs in connection with the borrowing of funds.
2.14 Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets
Provisions are recognized when the Company has a present obligation (legal or constructive) as a result of a past event, it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation, and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation.
The amount recognized as a provision is the best estimate of the consideration required to settle the present obligation at the end of the reporting year, taking into account the risks and uncertainties surrounding the obligation. When a provision is measured using the cash flows estimated to settle the present obligation, its carrying amount is the present value of those cash flows.
Contingent assets are disclosed in the Financial Statements by way of notes to accounts when an inflow of economic benefits is probable.
Contingent liabilities are disclosed in the Financial Statements by way of notes to accounts, unless possibility of an outflow of resources embodying economic benefit is remote.
Cash flows are reported using the indirect method. The cash flows from operating, investing and financing activities of the Company are segregated.
Basic earnings per share are computed by dividing the net profit after tax by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year. Diluted earnings per share is computed by dividing the profit after tax by the weighted average number of equity shares considered for deriving basic earnings per share and also the weighted average number of equity shares that could have been issued upon conversion of all dilutive potential equity shares.
The income tax expense or credit for the year is the tax payable on the current year''s taxable income based on the applicable income tax rate adjusted by changes in deferred tax assets and liabilities attributable to temporary differences and to unused tax losses, if any. Income Tax expense for the year comprises of current tax and deferred tax. Tax is recognized in Statement of Profit and Loss, except to the extent that it relates to items recognized in the Other Comprehensive Income. In which case, the tax is also recognized in Other Comprehensive Income.
The current income tax charge is calculated on the basis of the tax laws enacted or substantively enacted at the end of the reporting year. Management periodically evaluates positions taken in tax returns with respect to situations in which applicable tax regulation is subject to interpretation. It establishes provisions where appropriate on the basis of amounts expected to be paid to the tax authorities.
Deferred income tax is provided in full, using the liability method, on temporary differences arising between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their carrying amounts in the Financial Statements. However, deferred tax liabilities are not recognized if they arise from the initial recognition of goodwill. Deferred income tax is also not accounted for if it arises from initial recognition of an asset or liability in a transaction other than a business combination that at the time of the transaction affects neither accounting profit nor taxable profit (tax loss). Deferred income tax is determined using tax rates (and laws) that have been enacted or substantially enacted by the end of the reporting year and are expected to apply when the related deferred income tax asset is realized or the deferred income tax liability is settled.
The carrying amount of deferred tax assets are reviewed at the end of each reporting year and are recognized only if it is probable that future taxable amounts will be available to utilize those temporary differences and losses.
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset when there is a legally enforceable right to offset current tax assets and liabilities and when the deferred tax balances relate to the same taxation authority. Current tax assets and tax liabilities are offset where the entity has a legally enforceable right to offset and intends either to settle on a net basis, or to realize the asset and settle the liability simultaneously.
MAT payable for a year is charged to the statement of profit and loss as current tax. The Company recognizes MAT credit available in the statement of profit and loss as deferred tax with a corresponding asset only to the extent that there is probable certainty that the Company will pay normal income tax during the specified period, i.e., the period for which MAT credit is allowed to be carried forward. The said asset is shown as ''MAT Credit Entitlement'' under Deferred Tax. The Company reviews the same at each reporting date and writes down the asset to the extent the Company does not have the probable certainty that it will pay normal tax during the specified period.
2.18 Critical accounting estimates and judgments
The preparation of restated financial statements requires the use of accounting estimates which, by definition, will seldom equal the actual results. This note provides an overview of the areas that involved a higher degree of judgment or complexity, and of items which are more likely to be materially adjusted due to estimates and assumptions turning out to be different than those originally assessed. Detailed information about each of these estimates and judgments is included in relevant notes together with information about the basis of calculation for each affected line item in the financial statements.
The areas involving critical estimates or judgments are:
1. Useful life of tangible asset Note No. 2.5
2. Useful life of intangible asset Note No. 2.6
3. Impairment of financial assets refer Note No. 2.7.1
4. Impairment of non - financial assets refer Note No. 2.8
5. Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets refer Note No. 2.14 Estimates and judgments are continually evaluated. They are based on historical experience and other factors, including expectations of future events that may have a financial impact on the Company and that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances.
2.19 Cash and Cash Equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents comprise of cash on hand, cash at banks, short-term deposits and shortterm, highly liquid investments that are readily convertible to known amounts of cash and which are subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value.
2.20 Segment Reporting - Identification of Segments
An operating segment is a component of the Company that engages in business activities from which it may earn revenues and incur expenses, whose operating results are regularly reviewed by the Company''s chief operating decision maker to make decisions for which discrete financial information is available. Based on the management approach as defined in Ind AS 108, the chief operating decision maker evaluates the Company''s performance and allocates resources based on an analysis of various performance indicators by geographic segments.
Common control business combination where the Company is transferee is accounted using the pooling of interest method. Assets and liabilities of the combining entities are reflected at their carrying amounts and no new asset or liability is recognized. Identity of reserves of the transferor company is preserved by reflecting them in the same form in the Company''s financial statements in which they appeared in the financial statement of the transferor company. The excess between the amount of consideration paid over the share capital of the transferor company is recognized as a negative amount and the same is disclosed as capital reserve on business combination.
The information in the financial statements of the prior period is restated from the date of business combination in case the business combination is approved by statutory authority in the subsequent period.
Mar 31, 2016
1.1 Basis of preparation of financial statements:
The financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the historical cost convention on an accrual basis and comply with the applicable Accounting Standards specified under section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013 read with Rule 7 of the Companies (Accounts) Rules, 2014.
These financial statements have been prepared as required under relevant provision of the Companies Act, 2013 and the presentation is based on the Schedule III of the Companies Act, 2013. All assets and liabilities are classified into current and non-current generally based on the criteria of realization / settlement within twelve months period from the balance sheet date.
1.2 Use of estimates:
The preparation of the financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires the Management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported balances of assets and liabilities and disclosures relating to contingent liabilities as at the date of the financial statements. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Any revision to accounting estimates is recognized in the period in which such revisions are made.
1.3 Revenue recognition:
Revenue is recognized to the extent that it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the Company and the revenue can be reliably measured and is recognized on accrual basis.
1.4 Fixed assets:
Fixed assets are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and impairment loss if any. Cost comprises the purchase price and any cost, attributable to bringing the asset to its working condition for its intended use.
Intangible assets are recognized only if it is probable that the future economic benefits that are attributable to the asset will flow to the enterprise and the cost of the asset can be measured reliably. The intangible assets are recorded at cost and are carried at cost less accumulated amortization.
1.5 Depreciation:
a. Depreciation is provided on "Written Value Method" basis at the rates specified in Schedule II to the Companies Act, 2013. Depreciation is charged on pro-rata basis for assets purchased/sold during the year.
b. Fixed assets costing up to Rs. 5,000 individually are fully depreciated in the year of purchase.
1.6 Investments:
Quoted Investments are valued at cost or market value whichever is lower. Unquoted investments are stated at cost. The decline in the value of the unquoted investments, other than temporary, is provided for. Cost is inclusive of brokerage, fees and duties but excludes Securities Transaction Tax, if any.
1.7 Employee Benefits:
a. Short term employee benefits
All employee benefits payable wholly within twelve months of rendering the service are classified as short-term employee benefits. Undiscounted value of benefits such as salaries and bonus are recognized in the period in which the employee renders the related service.
b. Defined contribution plans:
The Company is not covered under the Employees State Insurance Act and the Provident Fund Act.
c. Defined benefit plans:
The Company''s Gratuity plan is a defined benefit plan. The liability under the plan is determined on the basis of an independent actuarial valuation carried out at the year end. The actuarial valuation method used by independent actuary for measuring the liability is the Projected Unit Credit Method. Actuarial gains and losses arising on such valuation are recognized immediately in the Statement of Profit and Loss.
As per the Company''s policy, leave earned during the year do not carry forward, they lapse if the current period''s entitlement is not used in full and do not entitle employees to a cash payment for unused entitlement during service.
1.8 Operating Leases:
Leases where the less or effectively retains substantially all the risks and benefits of ownership of the leased assets are classified as operating leases. Operating lease payments are recognized as an expense in the Statement of profit and Loss as when they are incurred.
1.9 Taxation:
Income Tax expense comprises of current tax (i.e. amount of tax for the year determined in accordance with the income tax law) and deferred tax charge or credit (reflecting the tax effects of timing differences between accounting income and taxable income for the year).
The deferred tax charge or credit and the corresponding deferred tax liabilities or assets is recognized using the tax rates that have been enacted or substantively enacted at the balance sheet date. Deferred tax assets are recognized only to the extent that there is a reasonable certainty that the assets can be realized in future. However, where there is unabsorbed depreciation or carried forward loss under taxation laws, deferred tax assets are recognized only if there is a virtual certainty of realization of such assets. Deferred tax assets are reviewed as at each balance sheet date and written down or written up to reflect the amount that is reasonable or virtually certain (as the case may be) of realization.
1.10 Earnings per Share:
Basic earnings per share are calculated by dividing the net profit or loss for the year attributable to equity shareholders by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year. For the purpose of calculating diluted earnings per share, the net profit or loss for the year attributable to equity shareholders and the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the year are adjusted for the effects of all potential dilutive equity shares, except where result would be anti-dilutive.
1.11 Impairment:
The Fixed Assets or a group of assets (Cash generating unit) are reviewed for impairment at each Balance Sheet date. In case of any such indication, the recoverable amount of these assets or group of assets is determined, and if such recoverable amount of the assets or cash generating unit to which the assets belongs is less than it''s carrying amount, the impairment loss is recognized by writing down such assets to their recoverable amount. An impairment loss is reversed if there is change in the recoverable amount and such loss either no longer exists or has decreased.
Mar 31, 2015
1.1 Basis of preparation of financial statements:
The financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the
historical cost convention on an accrual basis and comply with the
applicable Accounting Standards specified under section 133 of the
Companies Act, 2013 read with Rule 7 of the Companies (Accounts) Rules,
2014.
These financial statements have been prepared as required under
relevant provision of the Companies Act, 2013 and the presentation is
based on the Schedule III of the Companies Act, 2013. All assets and
liabilities are classified into current and non-current generally based
on the criteria of realization / settlement within twelve months period
from the balance sheet date.
1.2 Use of estimates:
The preparation of the financial statements in conformity with GAAP
requires the Management to make estimates and as- sumptions that affect
the reported balances of assets and liabilities and disclosures
relating to contingent liabilities as at the date of the financial
statements. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Any
revision to accounting estimates is recognized in the period in which
such revision are made.
1.3 Revenue recognition:
Revenue is recognized to the extent that it is probable that the
economic benefits will flow to the Company and the revenue can be
reliably measured and is recognized on accrual basis.
1.4 Fixed assets:
Fixed assets are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and
impairment loss if any. Cost comprises the purchase price and any cost,
attributable to bringing the asset to its working condition for its
intended use.
Intangible assets are recognized only if it is probable that the future
economic benefits that are attributable to the asset will flow to the
enterprise and the cost of the asset can be measured reliably. The
intangible assets are recorded at cost and are carried at cost less
accumulated amortisation.
1.5 Depreciation:
a Depreciation is provided on "Written Value Method" basis at the rates
specified in Schedule II to the Companies Act, 2013. Depreciation is
charged on pro-rata basis for assets purchased/sold during the year.
b Computer Software is amortized using the written down value method @
40% per annum.
c Fixed assets costing up to Rs. 5,000 individually are fully
depreciated in the year of purchase.
1.6 Investments:
Quoted Investments are valued at cost or market value whichever is
lower. Unquoted investments are stated at cost. The decline in the
value of the unquoted investments, other than temporary, is provided
for. Cost is inclusive of brokerage, fees and duties but excludes
Securities Transaction Tax, if any.
1.7 Employee Benefits:
a Short term employee benefits
All employee benefits payable wholly within twelve months of rendering
the service are classified as short-term employee benefits.
Undiscounted value of benefits such as salaries and bonus are
recognized in the period in which the employee renders the related
service.
b Defined contribution plans:
The Company is not covered under the Employees State Insurance Act and
the Provident Fund Act.
c Defined benefit plans:
The Company's Gratuity plan is a defined benefit plan. The liability
under the plan is determined on the basis of an in- dependent actuarial
valuation carried out at the year end. The actuarial valuation method
used by independent actuary for measuring the liability is the
Projected Unit Credit Method. Actuarial gains and losses arising on
such valuation are recognised immediately in the Statement of Profit &
Loss Account.
As per the Company's policy, leave earned during the year do not carry
forward: they lapse if the current period's entitle- ment is not used
in full and do not entitle employees to a cash payment for unused
entitlement during service.
1.8 Operating Leases:
Leases where the lessor effectively retains substantially all the risks
and benefits of ownership of the leased assets are clas- sified as
operating leases. Operating lease payments are recognized as an expense
in the Statement of profit and Loss as when they are incurred.
1.9 Taxation:
Income Tax expense comprises of current tax (i.e. amount of tax for the
year determined in accordance with the income tax law) and deferred tax
charge or credit (reflecting the tax effects of timing differences
between accounting income and taxable income for the year).
The deferred tax charge or credit and the corresponding deferred tax
liabilities or assets is recognized using the tax rates that have been
enacted or substantively enacted at the balance sheet date. Deferred
tax assets are recognized only to the extent that there is a reasonable
certainty that the assets can be realized in future. However, where
there is unabsorbed depreciation or carried forward loss under taxation
laws, deferred tax assets are recognized only if there is a virtual
certainty of realization of such assets. Deferred tax assets are
reviewed as at each balance sheet date and written down or written up
to refect the amount that is reasonable or virtually certain (as the
case may be) of realization.
1.10 Earnings Per Share:
Basic earnings per share are calculated by dividing the net profit or
loss for the year attributable to equity shareholders by the weighted
average number of equity shares outstanding during the year. For the
purpose of calculating diluted earnings per share, the net profit or
loss for the year attributable to equity shareholders and the weighted
average number of shares outstanding during the year are adjusted for
the effects of all potential dilutive equity shares, except where
result would be anti dilutive.
1.11 Impairment:
The Fixed Assets or a group of assets (Cash generating unit) are
reviewed for impairment at each Balance Sheet date. In case of any such
indication, the recoverable amount of these assets or group of assets
is determined, and if such recoverable amount of the assets or cash
generating unit to which the assets belongs is less than it's carrying
amount, the impairment loss is recognized by writing down such assets
to their recoverable amount. An impairment loss is reversed if there is
change in the recoverable amount and such loss either no longer exists
or has decreased.
1.12 Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets:
A provision is recognized when the Company has a present obligation as
a result of past event and it is probable that an outflow of resources
will be required to settle the obligation, in respect of which reliable
estimate can be made. Provisions (excluding retirement benefits) are
not discounted to its present value and are determined based on best
estimate required to settle the obligation at the balance sheet date.
These are reviewed at each balance sheet date and adjusted to refect
the current best estimates. Contingent liabilities are not recognized
in the financial statements. A contingent asset neither is recognized
nor disclosed in the financial statements.
1.13 Cash Flow Statement:
Cash flow statement is prepared segregating the cash flows from
operating, investing and financing activities. Cash flow from operating
activities is reported using indirect method as set out in Accounting
Standard (AS) -3 "Cash Flow Statement". Under the indirect method, the
net profit is adjusted for the effects of:
a transactions of a non-cash nature;
b any deferrals or accruals of past or future operating cash receipts
or payments; and
c items of income or expense associated with investing or financing
cash flows.
Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash at bank and in hand and demand
deposits with banks and are refected as such in the cash flow
statement. Cash equivalents are short-term balances (with an original
maturity of three months or less from the date of acquisition), highly
liquid investments that are readily convertible into known amounts of
cash and which are subject to insignificant risk of changes in value.
Mar 31, 2014
A Basis of preparation of financial statements:
The financial statements are prepared and presented under the
historical cost convention using the accrual system of accounting in
accordance with the accounting principles generally accepted in India
(Indian GAAP) and the requirements of the Companies Act, 1956 including
the Accounting Standards as prescribed by the Companies (Accounting
Standards) Rules, 2006 as per section 211(3C) of the Companies Act,
1956.
b Use of estimates:
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally
accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates
and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and
liabilities and the disclosures relating to contingent liabilities as
on the date of financial statements and reported amounts of income and
expenses during the year. Examples of such estimates include employee
retirement benefit plans, provision for Income Tax and the useful lives
of fixed assets. Actual results may differ from the estimates. Any
revision to accounting estimates is recognized prospectively in the
period in which the results are known or materialized.
c Revenue recognition:
Revenue is recognized to the extent that it is probable that the
economic benefits will flow to the Company and the revenue can be
reliably measured and is recognized on accrual basis.
d Fixed assets:
i) Tangible fixed assets are stated at historical cost less accumulated
depreciation and impairment loss, if any. Cost includes purchase price,
duties, levies and other directly attributable expenses of bringing the
asset to its working condition for the intended use.
ii) Intangible assets which include Computer software are measures at
cost of acquisition and development.
e Depreciation:
i Depreciation on tangible fixed assets is provided on the written down
value method as per the rates prescribed under Schedule XIV of the
Companies Act. 1956.
ii) Computer Software is amortized using the written down value method
@ 40% per annum.
iii) Fixed assets costing up to Rs. 5.000 individually are fully
depreciated in the year of purchase.
f Investments:
Quoted Investments are valued at cost or market value whichever is
lower. Unquoted investments are stated at cost. The decline in the
value of the unquoted investments, other than temporary, is provided
for. Cost is inclusive of brokerage, fees and duties but excludes
Securities Transaction Tax. if any.
g Employee Benefits:
a Short term employee benefits
All employee benefits payable wholly within twelve months of rendering
the service are classified as short-term employee benefits.
Undiscounted value of benefits such as salaries and bonus are
recognized in the period in which the employee renders the related
service.
b Defined contribution plans:
The Company is not covered under the Employees State Insurance Act and
the Provident Fund Act.
c Defined benefit plans:
The Company's Gratuity plan is a defined benefit plan. The liability
under the plan is determined on the basis of an independent actuarial
valuation carried out at the year end. The actuarial valuation method
used by independent actuary for measuring the liability is the
Projected Unit Credit Method. Actuarial gams and losses arising on such
valuation are recognised immediately in the Statement of Profit & Loss
Account.
As per the Company's policy, leave earned dunng the year do not carry
forward: they lapse if the current period's entitlement is not used in
full and do not entitle employees to a cash payment for unused
entitlement during service.
h Operating Leases:
Leases where the lessor effectively retains substantially all the risks
and benefits of ownership of the leased assets are classified as
operating leases. Operating lease payments are recognized as an expense
in the Statement of profit and Loss as when they are incurred.
I Taxation:
Income Tax expense comprises of current tax (i.e. amount of tax for the
year determined in accordance with the income tax law) and deferred tax
charge or credit (reflecting the tax effects of timing differences
between accounting income and taxable income for the year).
The deferred tax charge or credit and the corresponding deferred tax
liabilities or assets is recognized using the tax rates that have been
enacted or substantively enacted at the balance sheet date. Deferred
tax assets are recognized only to the extent that there is a reasonable
certainty that the assets can be realized in future. However, where
there is unabsorbed depreciation or carried forward loss under taxation
laws, deferred tax assets are recognized only if there is a virtual
certainty of realization of such assets. Deferred tax assets are
reviewed as at each balance sheet date and written down or written up
to reflect the amount that is reasonable or virtually certain (as the
case may be) of realization.
j Earnings Per Share:
Basic earnings per share are calculated by dividing the net profit or
loss for the year attributable to equity shareholders by the weighted
average number of equity shares outstanding during the year. For the
purpose of calculating diluted earnings per share, the net profit or
loss for the year attributable to equity shareholders and the weighted
average number of shares outstanding during the year are adjusted for
the effects of all potential dilutive equity shares, except where
result would be anti-dilutive.
k Impairment:
The Fixed Assets or a group of assets (Cash generating unit) are
reviewed for impairment at each Balance Sheet date. In case of any such
indication, the recoverable amount of these assets or group of assets
is determined, and if such recoverable amount of the assets or cash
generating unit to which the assets belongs is less than it's carrying
amount, the impairment loss is recognized by writing down such assets
to their recoverable amount. An impairment loss is reversed if there is
change in the recoverable amount and such loss either no longer exists
or has decreased.
I Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets:
A provision is recognized when the Company has a present obligation as
a result of past event and it is probable that an outflow of resources
will be required to settle the obligation, in respect of which reliable
estimate can be made. Provisions (excluding retirement benefits) are
not discounted to its present value and are determined based on best
estimate required to settle the obligation at the balance sheet date.
These are reviewed at each balance sheet date and adjusted to reflect
the current best estimates. Contingent liabilities are not recognized
in the financial statements. A contingent asset neither is recognized
nor disclosed in the financial statements.
b Rights, Preferences and Restrictions attaching to each class of
shares Equity Shares having a face value of Rs.1(V- As to Dividend: -
The Shareholders are entitled to receive dividend in proportion to the
amount of paid up equity shares held by them. The Company has not
declared any dividend during the year.
As to Repayment of capital: -
In the event of liquidation of the Company, the holders of equity
shares are entitled to receive the remaining assets of the Company
alter distribution ol all preferential amounts. The distribution will
be in proportion ol the number of shares held by the shareholders.
As to Voting: -
The Company has only one class of shares referred to as equity shares
having a face value of Rs. 1CV-. Each holder of the equity share is
entitled to one vote per share.
Mar 31, 2013
A Basis of preparation of financial statements:
These financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the
generally accepted accounting principles in India under the historical
cost convention on accrual basis, except for certain financial
instruments which are measured at fair value. These financial
statements have been prepared to comply in all material aspects with
the ac- counting standards notified under Section 211(3C) [Companies
(Accounting Standards) Rules, 2006, as amended] and the other relevant
provisions of the Companies Act, 1956.
b Use of estimates:
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally
accepted accounting principles requires man- agement to make estimates
and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and
liabilities and the disclosures relating to contingent liabilities as
on the date of financial statements and reported amounts of income and
expenses during the year. Examples of such estimates include employee
retirement benefit plans, provision for Income Tax and the useful life
of fixed assets. Actual results may differ from the estimates. Any
revision to accounting estimates is recognized prospectively in the
period in which the results are known or materialized.
c Revenue recognition:
Revenue is recognized to the extent that it is probable that the
economic benefits will flow to the Company and the revenue can be
reliably measured and is recognized on accrual basis.
d Fixed assets:
i) Tangible fixed assets are stated at historical cost less accumulated
depreciation and impairment loss, if any. Cost includes purchase price,
duties, levies and other directly attributable expenses of bringing the
asset to its working condition for the intended use.
ii) Intangible assets which include Computer software are measures at
cost of acquisition and development.
e Depreciation:
i Depreciation on tangible fixed assets is provided on the written down
value method as per the rates prescribed under Schedule XIV of the
Companies Act, 1956.
ii) Computer Software is amortized using the written down value method
@ 40% per annum.
iii) Fixed assets costing uptoRs. 5,000 individually are fully
depreciated in the year of purchase.
f Investments:
Quoted Investments are valued at cost or market value whichever is
lower. Unquoted investments are stated at cost. The decline in the
value of the unquoted investments, other than temporary, is provided
for. Cost is inclusive of bro- kerage, fees and duties but excludes
Securities Transaction Tax, if any.
g Employee Benefits:
a Short term employee benefits
All employee benefits payable wholly within twelve months of rendering
the service are classified as short-term em- ployee benefits.
Undiscounted value of benefits such as salaries and bonus are
recognized in the period in which the employee renders the related
service.
b Defined contribution plans:
The Company is not covered under the Employees State Insurance Act and
the Provident Fund Act.
c Defined benefit plans:
The Company''s Gratuity plan is a defined benefit plan. The liability
under the plan is determined on the basis of an independent actuarial
valuation carried out at the year end. The actuarial valuation method
used by independent actuary for measuring the liability is the
Projected Unit Credit Method. Actuarial gains and losses arising on
such valuation are recognised immediately in the Statement of Profit &
Loss.
As per the Company''s policy, leave earned during the year do not carry
forward: they lapse if the current period''s entitlement is not used in
full and do not entitle employees to a cash payment for unused leave.
h Operating Leases:
Leases where the lessor effectively retains substantially all the risks
and benefits of ownership of the leased assets are classified as
operating leases. Operating lease payments are recognized as an expense
in the Statement of profit and Loss as when they are incurred.
i Taxation:
Income Tax expense comprises of current tax (i.e. amount of tax for the
year determined in accordance with the in- come tax law) and deferred
tax charge or credit (reflecting the tax effects of timing differences
between accounting income and taxable income for the year).
The deferred tax charge or credit and the corresponding deferred tax
liabilities or assets is recognized using the tax rates that have been
enacted or substantively enacted at the balance sheet date. Deferred
tax assets are recognized only to the extent that there is a reasonable
certainty that the assets can be realized in future. However, where
there is unabsorbed depreciation or carried forward loss under taxation
laws, deferred tax assets are recognized only if there is a virtual
certainty of realization of such assets. Deferred tax assets are
reviewed as at each balance sheet date and written down or written up
to reflect the amount that is reasonable or virtually certain (as the
case may be) of realization.
j Earnings Per Share:
Basic earnings per share are calculated by dividing the net profit or
loss for the year attributable to equity sharehold- ers by the weighted
average number of equity shares outstanding during the year. For the
purpose of calculating diluted earnings per share, the net profit or
loss for the year attributable to equity shareholders and the weighted
av- erage number of shares outstanding during the year are adjusted for
the effects of all potential dilutive equity shares, except where
result would be anti dilutive.
k Impairment:
The Fixed Assets or a group of assets (Cash generating unit) are
reviewed for impairment at each Balance Sheet date. In case of any such
indication, the recoverable amount of these assets or group of assets
is determined, and if such recoverable amount of the assets or cash
generating unit to which the assets belongs is less than it''s carrying
amount, the impairment loss is recognized by writing down such assets
to their recoverable amount. An impairment loss is reversed if there is
change in the recoverable amount and such loss either no longer exists
or has decreased.
l Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets:
A provision is recognized when the Company has a present obligation as
a result of past event and it is probable that an outflow of resources
will be required to settle the obligation, in respect of which reliable
estimate can be made. Provisions (excluding retirement benefits) are
not discounted to its present value and are determined based on best
estimate required to settle the obligation at the balance sheet date.
These are reviewed at each balance sheet date and adjusted to reflect
the current best estimates. Contingent liabilities are not recognized
in the financial statements. A contingent asset is neither recognized
nor disclosed in the financial statements.
Mar 31, 2012
A. Basis of preparation of financial statements:
The financial statements have been prepared to comply in all material
respects with the Notified accounting standards by Companies
(Accounting Standards) Rules, 2006 (as amended) and the relevant
provisions of the Companies Act, 1956 ('the Act'). The financial
statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention on
an accrual basis. The accounting policies have been consistently
applied by the Company and are consistent with those applied in the
previous year.
b. Use of estimates:
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally
accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates
and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and
liabilities and disclosure of contingent liabilities at the date of the
financial statements and the results of operations during the reporting
period end. Although these estimates are based upon management's best
knowledge of current events and actions, actual results could differ
from these estimates.
c. Revenue recognition:
Revenue is recognized to the extent that it is probable that the
economic benefits will flow to the Company and the revenue can be
reliably measured and is recognized on accrual basis.
d. Fixed assets:
All fixed assets are stated at historical cost less accumulated
depreciation and impairment loss, if any. Cost comprises the purchase
price and any attributable cost of bringing the asset to its working
condition for its intended use.
e. Intangibles:
Software cost related to computers are capitalized and amortized using
the written down value method at a rate of 40% per annum.
f. Depreciation:
i. Depreciation on fixed assets has been provided on the written down
value method as per the useful lives of the assets estimated by the
management or the rates prescribed under Schedule XIV of the Companies
Act, 1956, whichever is higher.
ii. Fixed assets costing upto Rs. 5,000 individually are fully
depreciated in the year of purchase.
g. Impairment:
The carrying amounts of assets are reviewed at each balance sheet date
if there is any indication of impairment based on internal/external
factors. An impairment loss is recognized wherever the carrying amount
of an asset exceeds its recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is
the greater of the asset's net selling price and value in use. In
assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted
to their present value at the weighted average cost of capital. After
impairment, depreciation is provided on the revised carrying amount of
the asset over its remaining useful life.
h. Leases:
Leases where the lessor effectively retains substantially all the risks
and benefits of ownership of the leased assets are classified as
operating leases. Operating lease payments are recognized as an expense
in the Profit and Loss Account on a straight-line basis over the lease
term.
i. Income taxes:
Tax expense comprises of current tax and deferred. Current income tax
is measured at the amount expected to be paid to the tax authorities in
accordance with the Indian Income Tax Act. Deferred income taxes
reflects the impact of current year timing differences between taxable
income and accounting income for the year and reversal of timing
differences of earlier years.
Deferred tax is measured based on the tax rates and the tax laws
enacted or substantively enacted at the balance sheet date. Deferred
tax assets are recognized only to the extent that there is reasonable
certainty that sufficient future taxable income will be available
against which such deferred tax assets can be realized. The carrying
amount of the deferred tax assets are reviewed at each balance sheet
date. The Company writes down the carrying amount of the deferred tax
assets to the extent that it is no longer reasonably certain or
virtually certain as the case may be, that sufficient future taxable
income will be available against which deferred tax asset can be
realized. Any such write down is reversed to the extent that it becomes
reasonably certain or virtually certain, as the case may be that
sufficient future taxable income will be available.
j. Earnings per Share:
Basic earnings per share are calculated by dividing the net profit or
loss for the period attributable to equity shareholders (after
deducting preference dividend and attributable taxes) by the weighted
average number of equity shares outstanding during the period. Partly
paid equity shares are treated as fraction of an equity share to the
extent that they were entitled to participate in dividends related to a
fully paid equity share during the reporting period. For the purpose of
calculating diluted earnings per share, the net profit or loss for the
period attributable to equity shareholders and the weighted average
number of shares outstanding during the period are adjusted for the
effects of all dilutive potential equity shares.
k. Provisions:
A provision is recognized when an enterprise has a present obligation
as a result of past event; it is probable that an outflow of resources
will be required to settle the obligation, in respect of which a
reliable estimate can be made. Provisions are not discounted to its
present value and are determined based on best estimate required to
settle the obligation at the balance sheet date. These are reviewed at
each balance sheet date and adjusted to reflect the current best
estimates.
l. Employee Benefits
Salary, bonus and other emoluments are charged to revenue in the year
in which they are incurred.
The Company is not covered under the Employees State Insurance Act and
the Provident Fund Act.
The company does not have any policy to pay leave encashment. Hence, no
liability on this account has been provided in the books of account.
In accordance with Accounting Standard 15, provision for Gratuity has
been made on the basis of actuarial valuation based on projected unit
credit method. The gratuity liability is wholly unfunded.
Mar 31, 2010
A. Basis of preparation of financial statements:
The financial statements have been prepared to comply in all material
respects ' with the Notified accounting standards by Companies
(Accounting Standards) Rules, 2006 (as amended) and the relevant
provisions of the Companies Act, 1956 (the Act). The financial
statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention on
an accrual basis. The accounting policies have been consistently
applied by the Company and are consistent with those applied in the
previous year.
b. Use of estimates:
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally
accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates
and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and
liabilities and disclosure of contingent liabilities at the date of the
financial statements and the results of operations during the reporting
period end. Although these estimates are based upon management's best
knowledge of current events and actions, actual results could differ
from these estimates.
c. Revenue recognition:
Revenue is recognized to the extent that it is probable that the
economic benefits will flow to the Company and the revenue can be
reliably measured and is recognized on accrual basis.
d. Fixed assets:
All fixed assets are stated at historical cost less accumulated
depreciation and impairment loss, if any. Cost comprises the purchase
price and any attributable cost of bringing the asset to its working
condition for its intended use.
e. Intangibles:
Software cost related to computers are capitalized and amortized using
the written down value method at a rate of 40% per annum.
f. Depreciation:
i. Depreciation on fixed assets has been provided on the written down
value method as per the useful lives of the assets estimated by the
management or the rates prescribed under Schedule XIV of the Companies
Act, 1956, whichever is higher.
ii. Fixed assets costing upto Rs. 5,000 individually are fully
depreciated in the year of purchase.
g. Impairment:
The carrying amounts of assets are reviewed at each balance sheet date
if k there is any indication of impairment based on internal/external
factors. An impairment loss is recognized wherever the carrying amount
of an asset exceeds its recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is
the greater of the asset' s net selling price and value in use. In
assessing value in use the estimated future cash flows are discounted
to their present value at the weighted average cost of capital. After
impairment, depreciation is provided on the revised carrying amount of
the asset over its remaining useful life.
h. Leases:
Leases where the lessor effectively retains substantially all the risks
and benefits of ownership of the leased assets are classified as
operating leases Operating lease payments are recognized as an expense
in the Profit and Loss Account on a straight-line basis over the lease
term.
i. Income taxes:
Tax expense comprises of current tax and deferred. Current income tax
is measured at the amount expected to be paid to the tax authorities in
accordance with the Indian Income Tax Act. Deferred income taxes
reflects the impact of current year timing differences between taxable
income and accounting income for the year and reversal of timing
differences of earlier years.
Deferred tax is measured based on the tax rates and the tax laws
enacted or substantively enacted at the balance sheet date. Deferred
tax assets are recognized only to the extent that there is reasonable
certainty that sufficient future taxable income will be available
against which such deferred tax assets can be realized The carrying
amount of the deferred tax assets are reviewed at each balance sheet
date. The Company writes down the carrying amount of the deferred tax
assets to the extent that it is no longer reasonably certain or
virtually certain as the case may be, that sufficient future taxable
income will be available against which deferred tax asset can be
realized. Any such write down is reversed to the extent that it becomes
reasonably certain or virtually certain, as the case may be that
Sufficient future taxable Income will be available.
j. Earnings per Share:
Basic earnings per share are calculated by dividing the net profit or
loss for the period attributable to equity shareholders (after
deducting preference dividend and attributable taxes) by the weighted
average number of equity shares outstanding during the period. Partly
paid equity shares are treated as fraction of an equity share to the
extent that they were entitled to participate in dividends related to a
fully paid equity share during the reporting period. For the purpose of
calculating diluted earnings per share, the net profit or loss for the
period attributable to equity shareholders and the weighted average
number of shares outstanding during the period are adjusted for the
effects of all dilutive potential equity shares.
k. Provisions:
A provision is recognized when an enterprise has a present obligation
as a result of past event; it is probable that an outflow of resources
will be required to settle the obligation, in respect of which a
reliable estimate can be made Provisions are not discounted to its
present value and are determined based on best estimate required to
settle the obligation at the balance sheet date. These current best
estimates.
l. Employee Benefits
Salary, bonus and other emoluments are charged to revenue in the year
in which they are incurred.
The company is not covered under the Employees state Insurance Act and
the provident Fund Act.
The company does not have any policy to pay leave encashment. Hence no
accrued liability on this account has been provided in the books of
account.
In accordance with Accounting Standard 15, provision for Gratuity has
been made on the basis of actuarial valuation based on projected unit
credit method. The gratuity liability is wholly unfunded.
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