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Accounting Policies of Mayur Uniquoters Ltd. Company
Mar 31, 2025
Note 1: Summary of Material Accounting Policies
This note provides a list of the material accounting policies
adopted in the preparation of these Standalone Financial
Statements for the year ended 31 March 2025. These
policies have been consistently applied to all the years
presented, unless otherwise stated.
a) Basis of Preparation
(i) Compliance with Ind AS
The Standalone Financial Statements comply in
all material aspects with Indian Accounting
Standards (Ind AS) notified under Section 133 of
the Companies Act, 2013 (the Act) [Companies
(Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015] and
other relevant provisions of the Act. The
Standalone Financial Statements are prepared
on accrual and going concern basis. The
Standalone Financial Statements for the year
ended 31 March 2025 were authorized and
approved for issue by the Board of Directors on 8
May 2025.
(ii) Historical Cost Convention The Standalone
Financial Statements have been prepared on a
historical cost basis, except for certain financial
assets and financial liabilities that are measured
at fair value or amortized cost, defined benefit
obligations.
b) Segment Reporting
Operating segments are reported in a manner
consistent with the internal reporting provided to the
chief operating decision maker.
The Board of Directors assesses the financial
performance and position of the Company and makes
strategic decisions and has been identified as chief
operating decision maker (CODM). Refer note 40 for
reportable segments determined by the Company.
c) Foreign Currency Translation
(i) Functional and Presentation Currency
Items included in the Standalone Financial
Statements are measured using the currency of
the primary economic environment in which the
Company operates (''the functional currency'').
The Standalone Financial Statements are
presented in Indian rupee (Rs.), which is
Company''s functional and presentation currency.
(ii) Transactions and Balances
Monetary and non-monetary transactions in
foreign currencies are initially recorded in the
functional currency of the Company at the
exchange rates at the date of the transactions.
Monetary foreign currency assets and liabilities
remaining unsettled on reporting date are
translated at the rates of exchange prevailing on
reporting date. Gains/ (losses) arising on account
of realization / settlement of foreign exchange
transactions and on translation of monetary
foreign currency assets and liabilities are
recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.
Non-monetary items that are measured at fair
value in a foreign currency are translated using
the exchange rates at the date when the fair value
was determined. Translation differences on
assets and liabilities carried at fair value are
reported as part of the fair value gain or loss in
the Statement of Profit and Loss
d) Revenue Recognition
To determine whether to recognise revenue, the
Company follows a 5-step process:
1. Identifying the contract with a customer
2. Identifying the performance obligations
3. Determining the transaction price
4. Allocating the transaction price to the performance
obligations
5. Recognising revenue when/as performance
obligation(s) are satisfied.
Under Ind AS 115 - Revenue from contracts with
customers, revenue is recognised upon transfer of
control of promised goods or services to customers.
Revenue is measured at the transaction price agreed
with the customers received or receivable, excluding
discounts, incentives, performance bonuses, price
concessions, amounts collected on behalf of third
parties, or other similar items, if any, as specified in
the contract with the customer. Revenue is recorded
provided the recovery of consideration is probable
and determinable.
Sales are recognised when control of the products
has transferred, the customer has full discretion over
sale price, and there is no unfulfilled obligation that
could affect the customer''s acceptance of the
products.
The Company manufactures and sells a range of
artificial leather domestically as well as outside India.
Revenue from the sale of products is recognised at a
point in time, upon transfer of control of products to
the customers and is measured at transaction price
received/receivable, net of discounts, and applicable
taxes.
The Company does not have any contract where the
period between the transfer of promised goods to the
customer and payment by the customer exceeds one
year. As a consequence, the Company does not adjust
any of the transaction prices for the time value of money
using the practical expedient in Ind AS 115.
Trade receivables are recognised initially at the
transaction price as they do not contain significant
financing components. The Company holds the trade
receivables with the objective of collecting the
contractual cash flows and therefore measures them
subsequently at amortised cost using the effective
interest method, less loss allowance.
Contract asset is recognized as a right to
consideration in exchange for goods or services
transferred to the customer. Contract liabilities arises
on account of the advance payments received from
customer for which performance obligation has not
yet been completed.
e) Government Grants
Grant from the government are recognized at their fair
value where there is a reasonable assurance that the
grant will be received and the Company will comply
with all attached conditions.
Grants are recognized where there is reasonable
assurance that the grant will be received and all the
conditions attached with them will be complied with.
When the grant relates to an expense item, it is
recognized as income on a systematic basis over the
periods that the related costs, for which it is intended
to compensate, are expensed. When the grant relates
to an asset, it is recognized as
(a) Deferred income which is recognised in profit
and loss on a systematic basis over the useful
life of the asset or
(b) income in proportion to the fulfillment of its
obligations, wherever applicable.
f) Income Tax
The income tax expense or credit for the period is the
tax payable on the current period''s taxable income
based on the applicable income tax rate adjusted by
changes in deferred tax assets and liabilities
attributable to temporary differences.
Tax expense comprises current and deferred tax.
Current and deferred tax is recognised in profit or
loss except to the extent that it relates to items
recognised in other comprehensive income or directly
in equity. In this case, the tax is also recognised in
other comprehensive income or directly in equity
respectively.
The current income tax charge is calculated on the
basis of the tax laws enacted or substantively enacted
at the end of the reporting period. Management
periodically evaluates positions taken in tax returns
with respect to situations in which applicable tax
regulation is subject to interpretation and considers
whether it is probable that a taxation authority will
accept an uncertain tax treatment. The Company
measures its tax balances either based on the most
likely amount or the expected value, depending on
which method provides a better prediction of the
resolution of the uncertainty.
Deferred income tax is provided in full, using the
liability method, on temporary differences arising
between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and
their carrying amounts in the Standalone Financial
Statements. Deferred income tax is also not
accounted for if it arises from initial recognition of an
asset or liability in a transaction that at the time of the
transaction affects neither accounting profit nor taxable
profit (tax loss). Deferred income tax is determined
using tax rates (and laws) that have been enacted or
substantially enacted by the end of the reporting period
and are expected to apply when the related deferred
income tax asset is realised or the deferred income
tax liability is settled.
Deferred tax assets are recognised for all deductible
temporary differences and unused tax losses only if it
is probable that future taxable amounts will be
available to utilise those temporary differences and
losses.
Current/deferred tax assets and tax liabilities are offset
where the entity has a legally enforceable right to offset
and intends either to settle on a net basis, or to realise
the asset and settle the liability simultaneously.
g) Leases
As a Lessee
Leases are recognised as a right-of-use asset and a
corresponding liability at the date at which the leased
asset is available for use by the Company. Contracts
may contain both lease and non-lease components.
The Company allocates the consideration in the
contract to the lease and non-lease components
based on their relative stand-alone prices. However,
for leases of real estate for which the Company is a
lessee, it has elected not to separate lease and non¬
lease components and instead accounts for these
as a single lease component.
Assets and liabilities arising from a lease are initially
measured on a present value basis. Lease liabilities
include net present value of the following lease
payments:
⢠Fixed payments (including in substance fixed
payments), less any lease incentives receivable
⢠Variable lease payments that are based on an
index or a rate, initially measured using the index
or rate as at the commencement date
⢠Amounts expected to be payable by the Company
under residual value guarantees
⢠The exercise price of a purchase option if the
Company is reasonably certain to exercise that
option, and
⢠Payments of penalties for terminating the lease,
if the lease term reflects the Company exercising
that option.
Lease payments to be made under reasonably certain
extension options are also included in the
measurement of the liability. The lease payments are
discounted using the interest rate implicit in the lease.
If that rate cannot be readily determined, which is
generally the case for lease in the Company, the
lessee''s incremental borrowing rate is used, being
the rate that the individual lessee would have to pay to
borrow the funds necessary to obtain an asset of
similar value to the right-of-use asset in similar
economic environment with similar terms, security
and conditions.
Lease payments are allocated between principal and
finance cost. The finance cost is charged to profit or
loss over the lease period so as to produce a constant
periodic rate of interest on the remaining balance of
the liability for each period.
Right-of-use assets are measured at cost comprising
the following:
⢠The amount of the initial measurement of lease
liability
⢠Any lease payments made at or before the
commencement date less any lease incentives
received
⢠Any initial direct costs, and
⢠Restoration costs.
Right-of-use assets are generally depreciated over
the shorter of the asset''s useful life and the lease
term on a straight-line basis. If the Company is
reasonably certain to exercise a purchase option, the
right-of-use asset is depreciated over the underlying
asset''s useful life.
Payments associated with short-term leases of
equipment and all leases of low value assets are
recognised on a straight-line basis as an expense in
profit or loss. Short term leases are leases with a
lease term of twelve months or less.
h) Impairment of Non Financial Assets
The Company''s non-financial assets, other than
inventories and deferred tax assets, are reviewed at
each reporting date to determine whether there is any
indication of impairment. If any such indication exists,
then the asset''s recoverable amount is estimated.
For impairment testing, assets that do not generate
independent cash inflows are grouped together into
cash-generating units (CGUs). Each CGU represents
the smallest group of assets that generates cash
inflows that are largely independent of the cash
inflows of other assets or CGUs.
The recoverable amount of a CGU (or an individual
asset) is the higher of its value in use and its fair
value less costs to sell. Value in use is based on the
estimated future cash flows, discounted to their
present value using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects
current market assessments of the time value of
money and the risks specific to the CGU (or the asset).
An impairment loss is recognised if the carrying
amount of an asset or CGU exceeds its estimated
recoverable amount. Impairment losses are
recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.
Impairment loss recognised in respect of a CGU is
allocated to reduce the carrying amounts of the assets
of the CGU (or group of CGUs) on a pro rata basis.
In respect of assets for which impairment loss has
been recognised in prior periods, the Company
reviews at each reporting date whether there is any
indication that the loss has decreased or no longer
exists. An impairment loss is reversed if there has
been a change in the estimates used to determine
the recoverable amount. Such a reversal is made only
to the extent that the asset''s carrying amount does
not exceed the carrying amount that would have been
determined, net of depreciation or amortisation, if no
impairment loss had been recognised.
i) Cash and Cash Equivalents
For the purpose of presentation in the cash flow
statement, cash and cash equivalents includes cash
on hand, deposits held at call with banks/ financial
institutions, other short-term, other highly liquid
investments with original maturities of three months
or less that are readily convertible to known amounts
of cash and which are subject to an insignificant risk
of changes in value.
Other Bank Balances
Other bank balances consist of term deposits with
banks, which have original maturities of more than
three months but less than 12 months. Such assets
are recognised and measured at amortised cost
(including directly attributable transaction cost) using
the effective interest method, less impairment losses,
if any.
j) Inventories
Inventories are measured at the lower of cost and net
realisable value.
Raw materials, stock-in-trade and stores and
spares:
The cost of inventories is calculated on weighted
average basis, and includes expenditure incurred in
acquiring the inventories and other costs incurred in
bringing them to their present location and condition.
Raw materials, components and other supplies held
for use in the production of finished products are not
written down below cost except in cases where
material prices have declined and it is estimated that
the cost of the finished products will exceed their net
realizable value.
Work-in-progress and finished goods:
Cost includes raw material costs and an appropriate
share of fixed production overheads based on normal
operating capacity. Net realisable value is the
estimated selling price in the ordinary course of
business, less the estimated costs of completion and
selling expenses. The net realisable value of work-
in-progress is determined with reference to the selling
prices of related finished products.
The comparison of cost and net realisable value is
made on an item-by-item basis.
k) Investments and Other Financial Assets
(i) Classification
The Company classifies its financial assets in
the following measurement categories:
- Those to be measured subsequently at fair
value (either through other comprehensive
income, or through profit or loss), and
- Those measured at amortised cost.
The classification depends on the entity''s
business model for managing the financial
assets and the contractual terms of the cash
flows.
For assets measured at fair value, gains and
losses will either be recorded in the Statement of
Profit and Loss or other comprehensive income.
For investments in equity instruments, this will
depend on whether the Company has made an
irrevocable election at the time of initial
recognition to account for the equity investment
at fair value through other comprehensive income
(FVOCI).
The Company reclassifies debt investments
when and only when its business model for
managing those assets changes.
(ii) Recognition
Regular way purchases and sales of financial
assets are recognised on trade date, on which
the Company commits to purchase or sale the
financial asset.
(iii) Measurement
At initial recognition, the Company measures a
financial asset at its fair value plus, in the case of
a financial asset not at fair value through profit or
loss, transaction costs that are directly attributable
to the acquisition of the financial asset.
Transaction costs of financial assets carried at
fair value through profit or loss are expensed in
profit or loss.
Debt Instruments
Subsequent measurement of debt instruments
depends on the Company''s business model for
managing the asset and the cash flow characteristics
of the asset. There are three measurement categories
into which the Company classifies its debt
instruments:
- Amortised Cost: Assets that are held for
collection of contractual cash flows where those
cash flows represent solely payments of principal
and interest are measured at amortised cost.
Interest income from these financial assets is
included in other income using the effective
interest rate method. Any gain or loss arising on
derecognition is recognised directly in profit or
loss and presented in other income or other
expenses. Impairment losses are presented as
separate line item in the Statement of Profit and
Loss.
- Fair Value Through Other Comprehensive
Income (FVOCI) : Assets that are held for collection
of contractual cash flows and for selling the
financial assets, where the assets'' cash flows
represent solely payments of principal and
interest, are measured at fair value through other
comprehensive income (FVOCI). Movements in
the carrying amount are taken through OCI,
except for the recognition of impairment gains or
losses, interest revenue and foreign exchange
gains and losses which are recognised in the
Statement of Profit and Loss. When the financial
asset is derecognised, the cumulative gain or
loss previously recognised in OCI is reclassified
from equity to the Statement of Profit and Loss
and recognised in other income. Interest income
from these financial assets is included in other
income using the effective interest rate method.
Foreign exchange gain and losses are presented
in other income and impairment expenses are
presented as separate line item in Statement of
Profit and Loss.
- Fair Value Through Profit or Loss: Assets that do
not meet the criteria for amortised cost or FVOCI
are measured at fair value through profit or loss.
A gain or loss on a debt investment that is
subsequently measured at fair value through
profit or loss and is not part of a hedging
relationship is recognised and presented net in
the Statement of Profit and Loss within other
income or other expenses in the period in which
it arises. Interest income from these financial
assets is included in other income.
Investments in Mutual Funds, Alternate Investment
Funds and Equity Instruments
Investment in mutual funds and equity instruments
are classified as fair value through profit or loss as
they are not held within a business model whose
objective is to hold assets in order to collect
contractual cash flows and the contractual terms of
such assets do not give rise on specified dates to
cash flows that are solely payments of principal and
interest on the principal amount outstanding. Where
the Company''s management has elected to present
fair value gains and losses on equity investments in
other comprehensive income, there is no subsequent
reclassification of fair value gains and losses to the
Statement of Profit and Loss. The Company makes
such election on an instrument-by-instrument basis.
The classification is made on initial recognition and
is irrevocable. Dividends from such investments are
recognised in profit or loss as other income when the
Company''s right to receive payments is established.
Investment in Bonds
Investment in bonds are financial assets with fixed or
determinable payments that are quoted in an active
market. These are classified as financial assets
measured at amortised cost as they fulfill the following
conditions:
- Such assets are held within a business model
whose objective is to hold assets in order to
collect contractual cash flows.
- The contractual terms of such assets give rise
on specified dates to cash flows that are solely
payments of principal and interest on the principal
amount outstanding.
- The Company recognises these assets on the
date when they are originated and are initially
measured at fair value plus any directly
attributable transaction costs.
Changes in the fair value of financial assets at fair
value through profit or loss are recognised in other
income in the Statement of Profit and Loss.
Impairment losses (and reversal of impairment
losses) on equity investments measured at FVOCI
are not reported separately from other changes in fair
value.
(iv) Impairment of Financial Assets
The Company assesses on a forward looking
basis the expected credit losses associated with
its assets carried at amortised cost and FVOCI
debt instruments. The impairment methodology
applied depends on whether there has been a
significant increase in credit risk. Note 43 details
how the Company determines whether there has
been a significant increase in credit risk.
For trade receivables only, the Company applies
the simplified approach permitted by Ind AS 109
Financial Instruments, which requires expected
lifetime losses to be recognised from initial
recognition of the receivables.
(v) Derecognition of Financial Assets
A financial asset is derecognised only when :
- The Company has transferred the rights to
receive cash flows from the financial asset
or
- Retains the contractual rights to receive the
cash flows of the financial asset, but
assumes a contractual obligation to pay the
cash flows to one or more recipients.
Where the Company has transferred an asset,
the Company evaluates whether it has
significantly transferred all risks and rewards of
ownership of the financial asset. In such cases,
the financial asset is derecognised. Where the
Company has not significantly transferred all
risks and rewards of ownership of the financial
asset, the financial asset is not derecognised.
Where the Company has neither transferred a
financial asset nor retains significantly all risks
and rewards of ownership of the financial asset,
the financial asset is derecognised if the
Company has not retained control of the financial
asset. Where the Company retains control of the
financial asset, the asset is continued to be
recognised to the extent of continuing involvement
in the financial asset.
(vi) Income Recognition
Interest Income
Interest income from financial assets at fair value
through the profit or loss is disclosed as interest
income within other income. Interest income on
financial assets at amortised cost and financial
assets at FVOCI is calculated using effective
interest method is recognised in the Statement
of Profit and Loss as part of other income. Interest
income is calculated by applying the effective
interest rate to the gross carrying amount of a
financial asset except for financial assets that
subsequently become credit impaired.
Dividends
Dividends are recognised in profit or loss only
when the right to receive payment is established,
it is probable that the economic benefits
associated with the dividend will flow to the
Company, and the amount of the dividend can be
measured reliably.
l) Investment in Subsidiaries
A subsidiary is an entity controlled by the Company.
Control exists when the Company has power over the
entity, is exposed, or has rights to variable returns
from its involvement with the entity and has the ability
to affect those returns by using its power over the
entity. Power is demonstrated through existing rights
that give the ability to direct relevant activities, those
which significantly affect the entity''s returns.
Investments in subsidiaries are carried at cost. The
cost comprises price paid to acquire investment and
directly attributable cost.
m) Offsetting Financial Instruments
Financial assets and liabilities are offset and the net
amount is reported in the balance sheet where there
is a legally enforceable right to offset the recognised
amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net
basis or realise the asset and settle the liability
simultaneously. The legally enforceable right must
not be contingent on future events and must be
enforceable in the normal course of business and in
the event of default, insolvency or bankruptcy of the
Company or the counterparty.
n) Property, Plant and Equipment
Freehold land is carried at historical cost. All other
items of property, plant and equipment are stated at
historical cost less depreciation. Historical cost
includes expenditure that is directly attributable to the
acquisition of the items. Cost comprises the purchase
price, borrowing costs if capitalisation criteria are met
and directly attributable cost of bringing the asset to
its working condition for its intended use. Any trade
discounts and rebates are deducted in arriving at the
purchase price.
Subsequent costs are included in the asset''s carrying
amount or recognised as a separate asset, as
appropriate, only when it is probable that future
economic benefits associated with the item will flow
to the Company and the cost of the item can be
measured reliably. The carrying amount of any
component accounted for as a separate asset is
derecognised when replaced. All other repairs and
maintenance are charged to Statement of Profit and
Loss during the reporting period in which they are
incurred.
Depreciation Methods, Estimated Useful Lives and
Residual Value
Depreciation is calculated using the straight-line
method to allocate the cost of the assets, net of their
residual values, over their estimated useful lives as
follows:
The useful lives have been determined based on
technical evaluation done by the management''s
expert and management estimate, in order to reflect
the actual usage of the assets. The residual values
are not more than 5% of the original cost of the asset.
The management believes that these estimated
useful lives are realistic and reflect fair approximation
of the period over which the assets are likely to be
used.
The residual values, useful lives and methods of
depreciation of property, plant and equipment are
reviewed at each financial year end and adjusted
prospectively, if appropriate.
Gains and losses on disposals are determined by
comparing proceeds with carrying amount. These are
included in Statement of Profit and Loss within other
income or other expenses.
Advances paid towards the acquisition of property,
plant and equipment outstanding at each Balance
Sheet date are classified as capital advances under
non-current assets.
Capital work-in-progress excluding capital advances
includes property, plant and equipment under
construction and not ready for intended use as on
Balance Sheet date.
o) Intangible Assets
Intangible assets that are acquired by the Company
are measured initially at cost. All intangible assets
are with finite useful lives and are measured at cost
less accumulated amortisation and impairment, if any.
Amortisation and Useful Lives
Intangible assets are amortised over the useful life
and assessed for impairment whenever there is an
indication that the intangible asset may be impaired.
The amortisation period and the amortisation method
are reviewed at the end of each reporting period.
Intangible assets comprise software having an
estimated useful life of 4 years.
p) Borrowings
Borrowings are initially recognised at fair value, net of
transaction costs incurred. Borrowings are
subsequently measured at amortised cost. Any
difference between the proceeds (net of transaction
costs) and the redemption amount is recognised in
profit or loss over the period of the borrowings using
the effective interest method. Fees paid on the
establishment of loan facilities are recognised as
transaction costs of the loan to the extent that it is
probable that some or all of the facility will be drawn
down. Borrowings are classified as current liabilities
unless the Company has an unconditional right to
defer settlement of the liability for at least twelve
months after the reporting period.
Mar 31, 2024
Note 1: Summary of Material Accounting Policies
This note provides a list of the material accounting policies adopted in the preparation of these standalone financial statements for the year ended 31 March 2024. These policies have been consistently applied to all the years presented, unless otherwise stated.
a) Basis of Preparation
(i) Compliance with Ind AS
The standalone financial statements comply in all material aspects with Indian Accounting Standards (Ind AS) notified under Section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013 (the Act) [Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015] and other relevant provisions of the Act. The standalone financial statements are prepared on accrual and going concern basis.
The standalone financial statements for the year ended 31 March 2024 were authorized and approved for issue by the Board of Directors on 21 May 2024.
(ii) Historical Cost Convention
The standalone financial statements have been prepared on a historical cost basis, except for certain financial assets and financial liabilities that are measured at fair value or amortized cost, defined benefit obligations.
b) Segment Reporting
Operating segments are reported in a manner consistent with the internal reporting provided to the chief operating decision maker.
The Board of Directors assesses the financial performance and position of the Company and makes strategic decisions and has been identified as chief operating decision maker (CODM). Refer note 40 for reportable segments determined by the Company.
c) Foreign Currency Translation
(i) Functional and Presentation Currency
Items included in the standalone financial statements are measured using the currency of the primary economic environment in which the Company operates (''the functional currency''). The standalone financial statements are presented in Indian rupee (Rs.), which is Company''s functional and presentation currency.
(ii) Transactions and Balances
Monetary and non-monetary transactions in foreign currencies are initially recorded in the functional currency of the Company at the exchange rates at the date of the transactions.
Monetary foreign currency assets and liabilities remaining unsettled on reporting date are translated at the rates of exchange prevailing on reporting date. Gains/ (losses) arising on account of realization / settlement of foreign exchange transactions and on translation of monetary foreign currency assets and liabilities are recognised in the statement of profit and loss.
Non-monetary items that are measured at fair value in a foreign currency are translated using the exchange rates at the date when the fair value was determined. Translation differences on assets and liabilities carried at fair value are reported as part of the fair value gain or loss in the statement of profit and loss.
d) Revenue Recognition
To determine whether to recognise revenue, the Company follows a 5-step process:
1. Identifying the contract with a customer
2. Identifying the performance obligations
3. Determining the transaction price
4. Allocating the transaction price to the performance obligations
5. Recognising revenue when/as performance obligation(s) are satisfied.
Under Ind AS 115 - Revenue from Contracts with Customers, revenue is recognised upon transfer of control of promised goods or services to customers. Revenue is measured at the transaction price agreed with the customers received or receivable, excluding discounts, incentives, performance bonuses, price concessions, amounts collected on behalf of third parties, or other similar items, if any, as specified in the contract with the customer. Revenue is recorded provided the recovery of consideration is probable and determinable.
Sales are recognised when control of the products has transferred, the customer has full discretion over price to sell the product, and there is no unfulfilled obligation that could affect the customer''s acceptance of the products.
The Company manufactures and sells a range of artificial leather domestically as well as outside India.
Revenue from the sale of products is recognised at a point in time, upon transfer of control of products to the customers and is measured at transaction price received/receivable, net of discounts, and applicable taxes.
The Company does not have any contract where the period between the transfer of promised goods to the customer and payment by the customer exceeds one year. As a consequence, the Company does not adjust any of the transaction prices for the time value of money.
Trade receivables are recognised initially at the transaction price as they do not contain significant financing components. The Company holds the trade receivables with the objective of collecting the contractual cash flows and therefore measures them subsequently at amortised cost using the effective interest method, less loss allowance.
Contract asset is recognized as a right to consideration in exchange for goods or services transferred to the customer. Contract liabilities arises on account of the advance payments received from customer for which performance obligation has not yet been completed.
e) Government Grants
Grants from the government are recognised at their fair value where there is a reasonable assurance that the grant will be received and the Company will comply with all attached conditions.
Government grants relating to income are deferred and recognised in the statement of profit and loss over the period necessary to match them with the costs that they are intended to compensate and presented within other income.
Government grants relating to the purchase of property, plant and equipment are included in non-current/ current liabilities and are credited to profit or loss on a straight-line basis over the expected useful lives of the related assets and presented within other income.
f) Income Tax
The income tax expense or credit for the period is the tax payable on the current period''s taxable income based on the applicable income tax rate adjusted by changes in deferred tax assets and liabilities attributable to temporary differences.
Tax expense comprises current and deferred tax. Current and deferred tax is recognised in profit or loss except to the extent that it relates to items recognised in other comprehensive income or directly in equity. In this case, the tax is also recognised in other comprehensive income or directly in equity respectively.
The current income tax charge is calculated on the basis of the tax laws enacted or substantively enacted at the end of the reporting period. Management periodically evaluates positions taken in tax returns with respect to situations in which applicable tax regulation is subject to interpretation and considers whether it is probable that a taxation authority will accept an uncertain tax treatment. The Company measures its tax balances either based on the most likely amount or the expected value, depending on which method provides a better prediction of the resolution of the uncertainty.
Deferred income tax is provided in full, using the liability method, on temporary differences arising between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their carrying amounts in the standalone financial statements. Deferred income tax is also not accounted for if it arises from initial recognition of an asset or liability in a transaction that at the time of the transaction affects neither accounting profit nor taxable profit (tax loss). Deferred income tax is determined using tax rates (and laws) that have been enacted or substantially enacted by the end of the reporting period and are expected to apply when the related deferred income tax asset is realised or the deferred income tax liability is settled.
Deferred tax assets are recognised for all deductible temporary differences and unused tax losses only if it is probable that future taxable amounts will be available to utilise those temporary differences and losses.
Current/deferred tax assets and tax liabilities are offset where the entity has a legally enforceable right to offset and intends either to settle on a net basis, or to realise the asset and settle the liability simultaneously.
g) Leases
As a Lessee
Leases are recognised as a right-of-use asset and a corresponding liability at the date at which the leased asset is available for use by the Company. Contracts may contain both lease and non-lease components. The Company allocates the consideration in the contract to the lease and non-lease components based on their relative standalone prices. However, for leases of real estate for which the Company is a lessee, it has elected not to separate lease and nonlease components and instead accounts for these as a single lease component.
Assets and liabilities arising from a lease are initially measured on a present value basis. Lease liabilities include net present value of the following lease payments:
⢠Fixed payments (including in substance fixed payments), less any lease incentives receivable
⢠Variable lease payments that are based on an index or a rate, initially measured using the index or rate as at the commencement date
⢠Amounts expected to be payable by the Company under residual value guarantees
⢠The exercise price of a purchase option if the Company is reasonably certain to exercise that option, and
⢠Payments of penalties for terminating the lease, if the lease term reflects the Company exercising that option.
Lease payments to be made under reasonably certain extension options are also included in the measurement of the liability. The lease payments are discounted using the interest rate implicit in the lease. If that rate cannot be readily determined, which is generally the case for lease in the Company, the lessee''s incremental borrowing rate is used, being the rate that the individual lessee would have to pay to borrow the funds necessary to obtain an asset of similar value to the right-of-use asset in similar economic environment with similar terms, security and conditions.
Lease payments are allocated between principal and finance cost. The finance cost is charged to profit or loss over the lease period so as to produce a constant periodic rate of interest on the remaining balance of the liability for each period.
Right-of-use assets are measured at cost comprising the following:
⢠The amount of the initial measurement of lease liability
⢠Any lease payments made at or before the commencement date less any lease incentives received
⢠Any initial direct costs, and
⢠Restoration costs.
Right-of-use assets are generally depreciated over the shorter of the asset''s useful life and the lease term on a straight-line basis. If the Company is reasonably certain to exercise a purchase option, the right-of-use asset is depreciated over the underlying asset''s useful life.
Payments associated with short-term leases of equipment and all leases of low value assets are recognised on a straight-line basis as an expense in profit or loss. Short term leases are leases with a lease term of twelve months or less.
h) Impairment of Non Financial Assets
The Company''s non-financial assets, other than inventories and deferred tax assets, are reviewed at each reporting date to determine whether there is any indication of impairment. If any such indication exists, then the asset''s recoverable amount is estimated. For impairment testing, assets that do not generate independent cash inflows are grouped together into cash-generating units (CGUs). Each CGU represents the smallest group of assets that generates cash inflows that are largely independent of the cash inflows of other assets or CGUs.
The recoverable amount of a CGU (or an individual asset) is the higher of its value in use and its fair value less costs to sell. Value in use is based on the estimated future cash flows, discounted to their present value using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the CGU (or the asset).
An impairment loss is recognised if the carrying amount of an asset or CGU exceeds its estimated recoverable amount. Impairment losses are recognised in the statement of profit and loss. Impairment loss recognised in respect of a CGU is allocated to reduce the carrying amounts of the assets of the CGU (or group of CGUs) on a pro rata basis.
In respect of assets for which impairment loss has been recognised in prior periods, the Company reviews at each reporting date whether there is any indication that the loss has decreased or no longer exists. An impairment loss is reversed if there has been a change in the estimates used to determine
the recoverable amount. Such a reversal is made only to the extent that the asset''s carrying amount does not exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined, net of depreciation or amortisation, if no impairment loss had been recognised.
i) Cash and Cash Equivalents
For the purpose of presentation in the cash flow statement, cash and cash equivalents includes cash on hand, deposits held at call with banks/ financial institutions, other short-term, other highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less that are readily convertible to known amounts of cash and which are subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value, and bank overdrafts. Bank overdrafts are shown within borrowings in current liabilities in the balance sheet.
Other Bank Balances
Other bank balances consist of term deposits with banks, which have original maturities of more than three months. Such assets are recognised and measured at amortised cost (including directly attributable transaction cost) using the effective interest method, less impairment losses, if any.
j) Inventories
Inventories are measured at the lower of cost and net realisable value.
Raw materials, stock-in-trade and stores and spares:
The cost of inventories is calculated on weighted average basis, and includes expenditure incurred in acquiring the inventories and other costs incurred in bringing them to their present location and condition. Raw materials, components and other supplies held for use in the production of finished products are not written down below cost except in cases where material prices have declined and it is estimated that the cost of the finished products will exceed their net realizable value.
Work-in-progress and finished goods:
Cost includes raw material costs and an appropriate share of fixed production overheads based on normal operating capacity. Net realisable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less the estimated costs of completion and selling expenses. The net realisable value of work-in-progress is determined with reference to the selling prices of related finished products.
The comparison of cost and net realisable value is made on an item-by-item basis.
k) Investments and Other Financial Assets
(i) Classification
The Company classifies its financial assets in the following measurement categories:
⢠those to be measured subsequently at fair value (either through other comprehensive income, or through profit or loss), and
⢠those measured at amortised cost.
The classification depends on the entity''s business model for managing the financial assets and the contractual terms of the cash flows.
For assets measured at fair value, gains and losses will either be recorded in the statement of profit and loss or other comprehensive income. For investments in equity instruments, this will depend on whether the Company has made an irrevocable election at the time of initial recognition to account for the equity investment at fair value through other comprehensive income (FVOCI).
The Company reclassifies debt investments when and only when its business model for managing those assets changes.
(ii) Recognition
Regular way purchases and sales of financial assets are recognised on trade date, on which the Company commits to purchase or sale the financial asset.
(iii) Measurement
At initial recognition, the Company measures a financial asset at its fair value plus, in the case of a financial asset not at fair value through profit or loss, transaction costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition of the financial asset. Transaction costs of financial assets carried at fair value through profit or loss are expensed in profit or loss.
Debt Instruments
Subsequent measurement of debt instruments depends on the Company''s business model for managing the asset and the cash flow characteristics of the asset. There are three measurement categories into which the Company classifies its debt instruments:
⢠Amortised Cost: Assets that are held for collection of contractual cash flows where those cash flows represent solely payments of
principal and interest are measured at amortised cost.
Interest income from these financial assets is included in other income using the effective interest rate method. Any gain or loss arising on derecognition is recognised directly in profit or loss and presented in other income or other expenses. Impairment losses are presented as separate line item in the statement of profit and loss.
⢠Fair Value Through Other Comprehensive Income (FVOCI): Assets that are held for collection of contractual cash flows and for selling the financial assets, where the assets'' cash flows represent solely payments of principal and interest, are measured at fair value through other comprehensive income (FVOCI). Movements in the carrying amount are taken through OCI, except for the recognition of impairment gains or losses, interest revenue and foreign exchange gains and losses which are recognised in the statement of profit and loss. When the financial asset is derecognised, the cumulative gain or loss previously recognised in OCI is reclassified from equity to the statement of profit and loss and recognised in other income. Interest income from these financial assets is included in other income using the effective interest rate method. Foreign exchange gain and losses are presented in other income and impairment expenses are presented as separate line item in statement of profit and loss.
⢠Fair Value Through Profit or Loss: Assets that do not meet the criteria for amortised cost or FVOCI are measured at fair value through profit or loss. A gain or loss on a debt investment that is subsequently measured at fair value through profit or loss and is not part of a hedging relationship is recognised and presented net in the statement of profit and loss within other income or other expenses in the period in which it arises. Interest income from these financial assets is included in other income.
Investments in Mutual Funds, Alternate Investment Funds and Equity Instruments
Investment in mutual funds and equity instruments are classified as fair value through profit or loss as they are not held within a business model whose objective is to hold assets in order to collect contractual cash flows and the contractual terms of such assets do not give rise
on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding. Where the Company''s management has elected to present fair value gains and losses on equity investments in other comprehensive income, there is no subsequent reclassification of fair value gains and losses to the statement of profit and loss. The Company makes such election on an instrument-byinstrument basis. The classification is made on initial recognition and is irrevocable. Dividends from such investments are recognised in profit or loss as other income when the Company''s right to receive payments is established.
Investment in Bonds
Investment in bonds are financial assets with fixed or determinable payments that are quoted in an active market. These are classified as financial assets measured at amortised cost as they fulfill the following conditions:
⢠Such assets are held within a business model whose objective is to hold assets in order to collect contractual cash flows.
⢠The contractual terms of such assets give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.
⢠The Company recognises these assets on the date when they are originated and are initially measured at fair value plus any directly attributable transaction costs.
Changes in the fair value of financial assets at fair value through profit or loss are recognised in other income in the statement of profit and loss. Impairment losses (and reversal of impairment losses) on equity investments measured at FVOCI are not reported separately from other changes in fair value.
(iv) Impairment of Financial Assets
The Company assesses on a forward looking basis the expected credit losses associated with its assets carried at amortised cost and FVOCI debt instruments. The impairment methodology applied depends on whether there has been a significant increase in credit risk. Note 43 details how the Company determines whether there has been a significant increase in credit risk.
For trade receivables only, the Company applies the simplified approach permitted by Ind AS 109 Financial Instruments, which requires expected
lifetime losses to be recognised from initial recognition of the receivables.
(v) Derecognition of Financial Assets
A financial asset is derecognised only when :
⢠the Company has transferred the rights to receive cash flows from the financial asset or
⢠retains the contractual rights to receive the cash flows of the financial asset, but assumes a contractual obligation to pay the cash flows to one or more recipients.
Where the Company has transferred an asset, the Company evaluates whether it has significantly transferred all risks and rewards of ownership of the financial asset. In such cases, the financial asset is derecognised. Where the Company has not significantly transferred all risks and rewards of ownership of the financial asset, the financial asset is not derecognised.
Where the Company has neither transferred a financial asset nor retains significantly all risks and rewards of ownership of the financial asset, the financial asset is derecognised if the Company has not retained control of the financial asset. Where the Company retains control of the financial asset, the asset is continued to be recognised to the extent of continuing involvement in the financial asset.
(vi) Income Recognition Interest Income
Interest income from financial assets at fair value through the profit or loss is disclosed as interest income within other income. Interest income on financial assets at amortised cost and financial assets at FVOCI is calculated using effective interest method is recognised in the statement of profit and loss as part of other income. Interest income is calculated by applying the effective interest rate to the gross carrying amount of a financial asset except for financial assets that subsequently become credit impaired.
Dividends
Dividends are recognised in profit or loss only when the right to receive payment is established, it is probable that the economic benefits associated with the dividend will flow to the Company, and the amount of the dividend can be measured reliably.
l) Investment in Subsidiaries
A subsidiary is an entity controlled by the Company. Control exists when the Company has power over the entity, is exposed, or has rights to variable returns from its involvement with the entity and has the ability to affect those returns by using its power over the entity. Power is demonstrated through existing rights that give the ability to direct relevant activities, those which significantly affect the entity''s returns.
Investments in subsidiaries are carried at cost. The cost comprises price paid to acquire investment and directly attributable cost.
m) Offsetting Financial Instruments
Financial assets and liabilities are offset and the net amount is reported in the balance sheet where there is a legally enforceable right to offset the recognised amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis or realise the asset and settle the liability simultaneously. The legally enforceable right must not be contingent on future events and must be enforceable in the normal course of business and in the event of default, insolvency or bankruptcy of the Company or the counterparty.
n) Property, Plant and Equipment
Freehold land is carried at historical cost. All other items of property, plant and equipment are stated at historical cost less depreciation. Historical cost includes expenditure that is directly attributable to the acquisition of the items. Cost comprises the purchase price, borrowing costs if capitalisation criteria are met and directly attributable cost of bringing the asset to its working condition for its intended use. Any trade discounts and rebates are deducted in arriving at the purchase price.
Subsequent costs are included in the asset''s carrying amount or recognised as a separate asset, as appropriate, only when it is probable that future economic benefits associated with the item will flow to the Company and the cost of the item can be measured reliably. The carrying amount of any component accounted for as a separate asset is derecognised when replaced. All other repairs and maintenance are charged to statement of profit and loss during the reporting period in which they are incurred.
Depreciation Methods, Estimated Useful Lives and Residual Value
Depreciation is calculated using the straight-line method to allocate the cost of the assets, net of their residual values, over their estimated useful lives as follows:
The useful lives have been determined based on technical evaluation done by the management''s expert and management estimate, in order to reflect the actual usage of the assets. The residual values are not more than 5% of the original cost of the asset.
The management believes that these estimated useful lives are realistic and reflect fair approximation of the period over which the assets are likely to be used.
The residual values, useful lives and methods of depreciation of property, plant and equipment are reviewed at each financial year end and adjusted prospectively, if appropriate.
Gains and losses on disposals are determined by comparing proceeds with carrying amount. These are included in statement of profit and loss within other income or other expenses.
Advances paid towards the acquisition of property, plant and equipment outstanding at each balance sheet date are classified as capital advances under non-current assets.
Capital work-in-progress excluding capital advances includes property, plant and equipment under construction and not ready for intended use as on balance sheet date.
o) Intangible Assets
(i) Intangible assets that are acquired by the Company are measured initially at cost. All intangible assets are with finite useful lives and are measured at cost less accumulated amortisation and impairment, if any.
Amortisation and Useful Lives
Intangible assets are amortised over the useful life and assessed for impairment whenever there is an indication that the intangible asset may be impaired. The amortisation period and the amortisation method are reviewed at the end of each reporting period.
Intangible assets comprise software having an estimated useful life of 4 years.
p) Borrowings
Borrowings are initially recognised at fair value, net of transaction costs incurred. Borrowings are subsequently measured at amortised cost. Any difference between the proceeds (net of transaction costs) and the redemption amount is recognised in profit or loss over the period of the borrowings using the effective interest method. Fees paid on the establishment of loan facilities are recognised as transaction costs of the loan to the extent that it is probable that some or all of the facility will be drawn down. Borrowings are classified as current liabilities unless the Company has an unconditional right to defer settlement of the liability for at least twelve months after the reporting period.
Mar 31, 2023
Background
Mayur Uniquoters Limited (''the Company'') is a Company limited by shares, incorporated and domiciled in India. The Company is primarily engaged in the business of manufacturing of coated textile fabrics, artificial leather and PVC vinyl(PU/PVC synthetic leather"),which are widely used in different segments such as footwear, furnishings, automotive OEM, automotive replacement market, and automotive exports. The equity shares of the Company are presently listed with BSE Limited (BSE) and National Stock Exchange of India Limited (NSE).
Note 1: Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
This note provides a list of the significant accounting policies adopted in the preparation of these standalone financial statements for the year ended 31 March 2023. These policies have been consistently applied to all the years presented, unless otherwise stated.
a) Basis of Preparation
(i) Compliance with Ind AS
The standalone financial statements comply in all material aspects with Indian Accounting Standards (Ind AS) notified under Section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013 (the Act) [Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015] and other relevant provisions of the Act. The standalone financial statements are prepared on accrual and going concern basis.
The standalone financial statements for the year ended 31 March 2023 were authorized and approved for issue by the Board of Directors on 19 May 2023.
(ii) Historical Cost Convention
The standalone financial statements have been prepared on a historical cost basis, except for certain financial assets and financial liabilities that are measured at fair value or amortized cost, defined benefit obligations.
b) Segment Reporting
Operating segments are reported in a manner consistent with the internal reporting provided to the chief operating decision maker.
The Board of Directors assesses the financial performance and position of the Company and makes strategic decisions and has been identified as chief operating decision maker (CODM).Refer note 39 for reportable segments determined by the Company.
c) Foreign Currency Translation
(i) Functional and Presentation Currency
Items included in the standalone financial statements are measured using the currency of the primary economic environment in which the Company operates (''the functional currency''). The standalone financial statements are presented in Indian rupee (Rs.), which is Company''s functional and presentation currency.
(ii) Transactions and Balances
Monetary and non-monetary transactions in foreign currencies are initially recorded in the functional currency of the Company at the exchange rates at the date of the transactions.
Monetary foreign currency assets and liabilities remaining unsettled on reporting date are translated at the rates of exchange prevailing on reporting date. Gains / (losses) arising on account of realization / settlement of foreign exchange transactions and on translation of monetary foreign currency assets and liabilities are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.
Non-monetary items that are measured at fair value in a foreign currency are translated using the exchange rates at the date when the fair value was determined. Translation differences on assets and liabilities carried at fair value are reported as part of the fair value gain or loss in the Statement of Profit and Loss.
d) Revenue Recognition
Under Ind AS 115 - Revenue from contracts with customers, revenue is recognised upon transfer of control of promised goods or services to customers. Revenue is measured at the transaction price agreed with the customers received or receivable, excluding discounts, incentives, performance bonuses, price concessions, amounts collected on behalf of third parties, or other similar items, if any, as specified in the contract with the customer. Revenue is recorded provided the recovery of consideration is probable and determinable.
Sales are recognised when control of the products has transferred, the customer has full discretion over price to sell the product, and there is no unfulfilled obligation that could affect the customer''s acceptance of the products.
The Company manufactures and sells a range of artificial leather domestically as well as outside India.
Revenue from the sale of products is recognised at a point in time, upon transfer of control of products to the customers and is measured at transaction price received/receivable, net of discounts, and applicable taxes.
The Company does not have any contract where the period between the transfer of promised goods to the customer and payment by the customer exceeds one year. As a consequence, the Company does not adjust any of the transaction prices for the time value of money.
Trade receivables are recognised initially at the transaction price as they do not contain significant financing components. The Company holds the trade receivables with the objective of collecting the contractual cash flows and therefore measures them subsequently at amortised cost using the effective interest method, less loss allowance.
Contract asset is recognized as a right to consideration in exchange for goods or services transferred to the customer. Contract liabilities arises on account of the advance payments received from customer for which performance obligation has not yet been completed.
Grants from the government are recognised at their fair value where there is a reasonable assurance that the grant will be received and the Company will comply with all attached conditions.
Government grants relating to income are deferred and recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss over the period necessary to match them with the costs that they are intended to compensate and presented within other income.
Government grants relating to the purchase of property, plant and equipment are included in non-current/ current liabilities and are credited to profit or loss on a straight-line basis over the expected useful lives of the related assets and presented within other income.
The income tax expense or credit for the period is the tax payable on the current period''s taxable income based on the applicable income tax rate adjusted by changes in deferred tax assets and liabilities attributable to temporary differences.
Tax expense comprises current and deferred tax. Current and deferred tax is recognised in profit or loss except to the extent that it relates to items recognised in other comprehensive income or directly
in equity. In this case, the tax is also recognised in other comprehensive income or directly in equity respectively.
The current income tax charge is calculated on the basis of the tax laws enacted or substantively enacted at the end of the reporting period. Management periodically evaluates positions taken in tax returns with respect to situations in which applicable tax regulation is subject to interpretation and considers whether it is probable that a taxation authority will accept an uncertain tax treatment. The Company measures its tax balances either based on the most likely amount or the expected value, depending on which method provides a better prediction of the resolution of the uncertainty.
Deferred income tax is provided in full, using the liability method, on temporary differences arising between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their carrying amounts in the standalone financial statements. Deferred income tax is also not accounted for if it arises from initial recognition of an asset or liability in a transaction that at the time of the transaction affects neither accounting profit nor taxable profit (tax loss). Deferred income tax is determined using tax rates (and laws) that have been enacted or substantially enacted by the end of the reporting period and are expected to apply when the related deferred income tax asset is realised or the deferred income tax liability is settled.
Deferred tax assets are recognised for all deductible temporary differences and unused tax losses only if it is probable that future taxable amounts will be available to utilise those temporary differences and losses.
Current/deferred tax assets and tax liabilities are offset where the entity has a legally enforceable right to offset and intends either to settle on a net basis, or to realise the asset and settle the liability simultaneously.
g) Leases
As a Lessee
Leases are recognised as a right-of-use asset and a corresponding liability at the date at which the leased asset is available for use by the Company. Contracts may contain both lease and non-lease components. The Company allocates the consideration in the contract to the lease and non-lease components based on their relative standalone prices. However, for leases of real estate for which the Company is a lessee, it has elected not to separate lease and nonlease components and instead accounts for these as a single lease component.
Assets and liabilities arising from a lease are initially measured on a present value basis. Lease liabilities include net present value of the following lease payments:
⢠Fixed payments (including in substance fixed payments), less any lease incentives receivable
⢠Variable lease payments that are based on an index or a rate, initially measured using the index or rate as at the commencement date
⢠Amounts expected to be payable by the Company under residual value guarantees
⢠The exercise price of a purchase option if the Company is reasonably certain to exercise that option, and
⢠Payments of penalties for terminating the lease, if the lease term reflects the Company exercising that option.
Lease payments to be made under reasonably certain extension options are also included in the measurement of the liability. The lease payments are discounted using the interest rate implicit in the lease. If that rate cannot be readily determined, which is generally the case for lease in the Company, the lessee''s incremental borrowing rate is used, being the rate that the individual lessee would have to pay to borrow the funds necessary to obtain an asset of similar value to the right-of-use asset in similar economic environment with similar terms, security and conditions.
Lease payments are allocated between principal and finance cost. The finance cost is charged to profit or loss over the lease period so as to produce a constant periodic rate of interest on the remaining balance of the liability for each period.
Right-of-use assets are measured at cost comprising the following:
⢠The amount of the initial measurement of lease liability
⢠Any lease payments made at or before the commencement date less any lease incentives received
⢠Any initial direct costs, and
⢠Restoration costs.
Right-of-use assets are generally depreciated over the shorter of the asset''s useful life and the lease term on a straight-line basis. If the Company is reasonably certain to exercise a purchase option, the right-of-use asset is depreciated over the underlying asset''s useful life.
Payments associated with short-term leases of equipment and all leases of low value assets are recognised on a straight-line basis as an expense in profit or loss. Short term leases are leases with a lease term of twelve months or less.
h) Impairment of Non Financial Assets
The Company''s non-financial assets, other than inventories and deferred tax assets, are reviewed at each reporting date to determine whether there is any indication of impairment. If any such indication exists, then the asset''s recoverable amount is estimated. For impairment testing, assets that do not generate independent cash inflows are grouped together into cash-generating units (CGUs). Each CGU represents the smallest group of assets that generates cash inflows that are largely independent of the cash inflows of other assets or CGUs.
The recoverable amount of a CGU (or an individual asset) is the higher of its value in use and its fair value less costs to sell. Value in use is based on the estimated future cash flows, discounted to their present value using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the CGU (or the asset).
An impairment loss is recognised if the carrying amount of an asset or CGU exceeds its estimated recoverable amount. Impairment losses are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss. Impairment loss recognised in respect of a CGU is allocated to reduce the carrying amounts of the assets of the CGU (or group of CGUs) on a pro rata basis.
In respect of assets for which impairment loss has been recognised in prior periods, the Company reviews at each reporting date whether there is any indication that the loss has decreased or no longer exists. An impairment loss is reversed if there has been a change in the estimates used to determine the recoverable amount. Such a reversal is made only to the extent that the asset''s carrying amount does not exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined, net of depreciation or amortisation, if no impairment loss had been recognised.
For the purpose of presentation in the cash flow statement, cash and cash equivalents includes cash on hand, deposits held at call with banks/ financial institutions, other short-term, other highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less that are readily convertible to known amounts of cash and which are subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value, and bank overdrafts. Bank overdrafts are shown within borrowings in current liabilities in the balance sheet.
Other bank balances consist of term deposits with banks, which have original maturities of more than three months. Such assets are recognised and measured at amortised cost (including directly attributable transaction cost) using the effective interest method, less impairment losses, if any.
Inventories are measured at the lower of cost and net realisable value.
Raw materials, stock-in-trade, packing material and stores and spares:
The cost of inventories is calculated on weighted average basis, and includes expenditure incurred in acquiring the inventories and other costs incurred in bringing them to their present location and condition. Raw materials, components and other supplies held for use in the production of finished products are not written down below cost except in cases where material prices have declined and it is estimated that the cost of the finished products will exceed their net realizable value.
Work-in-progress and manufactured finished goods:
Cost includes raw material costs and an appropriate share of fixed production overheads based on normal operating capacity. Net realisable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less the estimated costs of completion and selling expenses. The net realisable value of work-in-progress is determined with reference to the selling prices of related finished products.
The comparison of cost and net realisable value is made on an item-by-item basis.
k) Investments and Other Financial Assets
(i) Classification
The Company classifies its financial assets in the following measurement categories:
- those to be measured subsequently at fair value (either through other comprehensive income, or through profit or loss), and
- those measured at amortised cost.
The classification depends on the entity''s business model for managing the financial assets and the contractual terms of the cash flows.
For assets measured at fair value, gains and losses will either be recorded in the Statement of Profit and Loss or other comprehensive income.For investments in equity instruments, this will depend on whether the Company has made an irrevocable election at the time of initial recognition to account for the equity investment at fair value through other comprehensive income (FVOCI).
The Company reclassifies debt investments when and only when its business model for managing those assets changes.
(ii) Recognition
Regular way purchases and sales of financial assets are recognised on trade date, on which the Company commits to purchase or sale the financial asset.
(iii) Measurement
At initial recognition, the Company measures a financial asset at its fair value plus, in the case of a financial asset not at fair value through profit or loss, transaction costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition of the financial asset. Transaction costs of financial assets carried at fair value through profit or loss are expensed in profit or loss.
Debt Instruments
Subsequent measurement of debt instruments depends on the Company''s business model for managing the asset and the cash flow characteristics of the asset. There are three measurement categories into which the Company classifies its debt instruments:
- Amortised Cost: Assets that are held for collection of contractual cash flows where those cash flows represent solely payments of principal and interest are measured at amortised cost.
Interest income from these financial assets is included in other income using the effective interest rate method. Any gain or loss arising on derecognition is recognised directly in profit or loss and presented in other income or other expenses. Impairment losses are presented as separate line item in the Statement of Profit and Loss.
- Fair Value through Other Comprehensive Income (FVOCI): Assets that are held for collection of contractual cash flows and for selling the financial assets, where the assets'' cash flows represent solely payments of principal and interest, are
measured at fair value through other comprehensive income (FVOCI). Movements in the carrying amount are taken through OCI, except for the recognition of impairment gains or losses, interest revenue and foreign exchange gains and losses which are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss. When the financial asset is derecognised, the cumulative gain or loss previously recognised in OCI is reclassified from equity to the Statement of Profit and Loss and recognised in other income. Interest income from these financial assets is included in other income using the effective interest rate method. Foreign exchange gain and losses are presented in other income and impairment expenses are presented as separate line item in Statement of Profit and Loss.
- Fair Value through Profit or Loss: Assets that do not meet the criteria for amortised cost or FVOCI are measured at fair value through profit or loss. A gain or loss on a debt investment that is subsequently measured at fair value through profit or loss and is not part of a hedging relationship is recognised and presented net in the Statement of Profit and Loss within other income or other expenses in the period in which it arises. Interest income from these financial assets is included in other income.
Investments in Mutual Funds, Alternate Investment Funds and Equity Instruments
Investment in mutual funds and equity instruments are classified as fair value through profit or loss as they are not held within a business model whose objective is to hold assets in order to collect contractual cash flows and the contractual terms of such assets do not give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding. Where the Company''s management has elected to present fair value gains and losses on equity investments in other comprehensive income, there is no subsequent reclassification of fair value gains and losses to the Statement of Profit and Loss. The Company makes such election on an instrument-by-instrument basis. The classification is made on initial recognition and is irrevocable. Dividends from such investments are recognised in profit or loss as other income when the Company''s right to receive payments is established.
Investment in Bonds
Investment in bonds are financial assets with fixed or determinable payments that are quoted in an active market. These are classified as financial assets measured at amortised cost as they fulfill the following conditions:
- Such assets are held within a business model whose objective is to hold assets in order to collect contractual cash flows.
- The contractual terms of such assets give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.
- The Company recognises these assets on the date when they are originated and are initially measured at fair value plus any directly attributable transaction costs.
Changes in the fair value of financial assets at fair value through profit or loss are recognised in other income in the Statement of Profit and Loss. Impairment losses (and reversal of impairment losses) on equity investments measured at FVOCI are not reported separately from other changes in fair value.
(iv) Impairment of Financial Assets
The Company assesses on a forward looking basis the expected credit losses associated with its assets carried at amortised cost and FVOCI debt instruments. The impairment methodology applied depends on whether there has been a significant increase in credit risk. Note 43 details how the Company determines whether there has been a significant increase in credit risk.
For trade receivables only, the Company applies the simplified approach permitted by Ind AS 109 Financial Instruments, which requires expected lifetime losses to be recognised from initial recognition of the receivables.
(v) Derecognition of Financial Assets
A financial asset is derecognised only when :
- the Company has transferred the rights to receive cash flows from the financial asset or
- retains the contractual rights to receive the cash flows of the financial asset, but assumes a contractual obligation to pay the cash flows to one or more recipients.
Where the Company has transferred an asset, the Company evaluates whether it has transferred substantially all risks and rewards of ownership of the financial asset. In such cases, the financial asset is derecognised. Where the Company has not transferred substantially all risks and rewards of ownership of the financial asset, the financial asset is not derecognised.
Where the Company has neither transferred a financial asset nor retains substantially all risks and rewards of ownership of the financial asset, the financial asset is derecognised if the Company has not retained control of the financial asset. Where the Company retains control of the financial asset, the asset is continued to be recognised to the extent of continuing involvement in the financial asset.
Interest Income
Interest income from financial assets at fair value through the profit or loss is disclosed as interest income within other income. Interest income on financial assets at amortised cost and financial assets at FVOCI is calculated using effective interest method is recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss as part of other income. Interest income is calculated by applying the effective interest rate to the gross carrying amount of a financial asset except for financial assets that subsequently become credit impaired.
Dividends
Dividends are recognised in profit or loss only when the right to receive payment is established, it is probable that the economic benefits associated with the dividend will flow to the Company, and the amount of the dividend can be measured reliably.
A subsidiary is an entity controlled by the Company. Control exists when the Company has power over the entity, is exposed, or has rights to variable returns from its involvement with the entity and has the ability to affect those returns by using its power over the entity. Power is demonstrated through existing rights that give the ability to direct relevant activities, those which significantly affect the entity''s returns.
Investments in subsidiaries are carried at cost. The cost comprises price paid to acquire investment and directly attributable cost.
m) Offsetting Financial Instruments
Financial assets and liabilities are offset and the net amount is reported in the balance sheet where there is a legally enforceable right to offset the recognised amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis or realise the asset and settle the liability simultaneously. The legally enforceable right must not be contingent on future events and must be enforceable in the normal course of business and in the event of default, insolvency or bankruptcy of the Company or the counterparty.
n) Property, Plant and Equipment
Freehold land is carried at historical cost. All other items of property, plant and equipment are stated at historical cost less depreciation. Historical cost includes expenditure that is directly attributable to the acquisition of the items.Cost comprises the purchase price, borrowing costs if capitalisation criteria are met and directly attributable cost of bringing the asset to its working condition for its intended use. Any trade discounts and rebates are deducted in arriving at the purchase price.
Subsequent costs are included in the asset''s carrying amount or recognised as a separate asset, as appropriate, only when it is probable that future economic benefits associated with the item will flow to the Company and the cost of the item can be measured reliably. The carrying amount of any component accounted for as a separate asset is derecognised when replaced. All other repairs and maintenance are charged to Statement of Profit and Loss during the reporting period in which they are incurred.
Depreciation Methods, Estimated Useful Lives and Residual Value
Depreciation is calculated using the straight-line method to allocate the cost of the assets, net of their residual values, over their estimated useful lives as follows:
|
Particulars |
Estimate of useful life |
|
Leasehold land |
99 years |
|
Buildings |
30-60 years |
|
Plant and Equipment |
10-15 years |
|
Electrical Installation and Equipment |
10 years |
|
Furniture & Fixtures |
10 years |
|
Motor Vehicles |
8 years |
|
Office Equipment |
5 years |
|
Computers |
3-6 years |
The useful lives have been determined based on technical evaluation done by the management''s expert which are similar to those specified by Schedule II to the Companies Act, 2013, in order to reflect the actual usage of the assets. The residual values are not more than 5% of the original cost of the asset.
The assets'' residual values and useful lives are reviewed, and adjusted if appropriate, at the end of each reporting period.
Gains and losses on disposals are determined by comparing proceeds with carrying amount. These are included in Statement of Profit and Loss within other income or other expenses.
Advances paid towards the acquisition of property, plant and equipment outstanding at each balance sheet date are classified as capital advances under non-current assets.
Capital work-in-progress excluding capital advances includes property, plant and equipment under construction and not ready for intended use as on balance sheet date.
o) Intangible Assets
(i) Intangible assets that are acquired by the Company are measured initially at cost. All intangible assets are with finite useful lives and are measured at cost less accumulated amortisation and impairment, if any.
Amortisation and Useful Lives
Intangible assets are amortised over the useful life and assessed for impairment whenever there is an indication that the intangible asset may be impaired. The amortisation period and the amortisation method are reviewed at the end of each reporting period.
Intangible assets comprise software having an estimated useful life of 4 years.
p) Current and Non-Current Classification
All assets and liabilities are classified into current and non-current.
An asset is classified as current when it satisfies any of the following criteria:
⢠It is expected to be realised in, or is intended for sale or consumption in, the Company''s normal operating cycle;
⢠It is held primarily for the purpose of being traded;
⢠It is expected to be realised within 12 months after the reporting date; or
⢠It is cash or cash equivalent unless it is restricted from being exchanged or used to settle a liability for at least 12 months after the reporting period.
Current assets include the current portion of noncurrent financial assets. All other assets are classified as non-current.
A liability is classified as current when it satisfies any of the following criteria:
⢠it is expected to be settled in the Company''s normal operating cycle;
⢠It is held primarily for the purpose of being traded;
⢠it is due to be settled within 12 months after the reporting period; or
⢠The Company does not have an unconditional right to defer settlement of the liability for at least 12 months after the reporting period.
Current liabilities include the current portion of noncurrent financial liabilities. All other liabilities are classified as non-current.
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are classified as non-current assets and liabilities.
Operating Cycle
The operating cycle is the time between the acquisition of assets for processing and their realisation in cash or cash equivalents. Based on the nature of operations and the time between the acquisition of assets for processing and their realisation in cash and cash equivalents, the Company has ascertained its operating cycle being a period of 12 months for the purpose of classification of assets and liabilities as current and non- current.
q) Borrowings
Borrowings are initially recognised at fair value, net of transaction costs incurred. Borrowings are subsequently measured at amortised cost. Any difference between the proceeds (net of transaction costs) and the redemption amount is recognised in profit or loss over the period of the borrowings using the effective interest method. Fees paid on the establishment of loan facilities are recognised as transaction costs of the loan to the extent that it is probable that some or all of the facility will be drawn down. Borrowings are classified as current liabilities unless the Company has an unconditional right to defer settlement of the liability for at least twelve months after the reporting period.
r) Borrowing Costs
General and specific borrowing costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of a qualifying asset are capitalised during the period of time that is required to complete and prepare the asset for its intended use or sale. Qualifying assets are assets that necessarily take a substantial period of time to get ready for their intended use or sale.
Investment income earned on the temporary investment of specific borrowings pending their expenditure on qualifying assets is deducted from the borrowing costs eligible for capitalisation.
Other borrowing costs are expensed in the period in which they are incurred.
s) Provisions and Contingent Liabilities
Provisions are recognised when the Company has a present legal or constructive obligation as a result of past events, it is probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation and the amount can be reliably estimated. Provisions are not recognised for future operating losses. Where there are a number of similar obligations, the likelihood that an outflow will be required in settlement is determined by considering the class of obligations as a whole. A provision is recognised even if the likelihood of an outflow with respect to any one item included in the same class of obligations may be small.
Provisions are measured at the present value of management''s best estimate of the expenditure required to settle the present obligation at the end of the reporting period. The discount rate used to determine the present value is a pre-tax rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the liability. The increase in the provision due to the passage of time is recognised as interest expense.
A contingent liability is a possible obligation that arises from past events whose existence will be confirmed by the occurrence or non-occurrence of one or more uncertain future events beyond the control of the Company or a present obligation that is not recognised because it is not probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation. A contingent liability also arises in extremely rare cases where there is a liability that cannot be recognised because it cannot be measured reliably. The Company does not recognise a contingent liability but discloses its existence in the standalone financial statements.
t) Employee Benefits
(i) Short-Term Obligations
Liabilities for wages and salaries, including nonmonetary benefits that are expected to be settled wholly within twelve months after the end of the period in which the employees render the related service are recognised in respect of employees'' services up to the end of the reporting period and are measured at the amounts expected to be paid when the liabilities are settled. The liabilities are presented as current employee benefit obligations in the balance sheet.
(ii) Other Long-Term Employee Benefit Obligations
The liabilities for compensated absences are not expected to be settled wholly within twelve
months after the end of the period in which the employees render the related service. These obligations are therefore measured as the present value of expected future payments to be made in respect of services provided by employees up to the end of the reporting period using the projected unit credit method less fair value of plan assets as at balance sheet date. The benefits are discounted using the market yields at the end of the reporting period that have terms approximating to the terms of the related obligation. Re-measurements as a result of experience adjustments and changes in actuarial assumptions are recognised in profit and loss.
The obligations are presented as current liabilities in the balance sheet as the entity does not have an unconditional right to defer settlement for at least twelve months after the reporting period, regardless of when the actual settlement is expected to occur.
(iii) Post-Employment Obligations
The Company operates the following postemployment schemes:
(a) Defined benefit plan (Gratuity)
(b) Defined contribution plans (Provident Fund).
Defined Benefit Plan (Gratuity)
The Company contributes to the Gratuity Fund managed by the Life Insurance Corporation of India under its New Company Gratuity Cash Accumulation Plan.
The liability or asset recognised in the balance sheet in respect of defined benefit gratuity plan is the present value of the defined benefit obligation at the end of the reporting period less the fair value of plan assets. The defined benefit obligation is calculated annually by actuaries using the projected unit credit method.
The present value of the defined benefit obligation is determined by discounting the estimated future cash outflows by reference to market yields at the end of the reporting period on government bonds that have terms approximating to the terms of the related obligation.
The net interest cost is calculated by applying the discount rate to the net balance of the defined benefit obligation and the fair value of plan assets. This cost is included in employee benefit expense in the Statement of Profit and Loss.
Re-measurement gains and losses arising from experience adjustments and changes in actuarial assumptions are recognised in the period in
which they occur, directly in other comprehensive income. They are included in retained earnings in the statement of changes in equity and in the balance sheet.
Changes in the present value of the defined benefit obligation resulting from plan amendments or curtailments are recognised immediately in profit and loss as past service cost.
Defined Contribution Plans
The Company pays provident fund contributions to publicly administered provident funds as per local regulations. The Company has no further payment obligations once the contributions have been paid. The contributions are accounted for as defined contribution plans and the contributions are recognised as employee benefit expense when they are due. Prepaid contributions are recognised as an asset to the extent that a cash refund or a reduction in the future payments is available.
u) Contributed Equity
Equity shares are classified as equity.
Incremental costs directly attributable to the issue of new shares or options are shown in equity as a deduction, net of tax, from the proceeds.
Provision is made for the amount of any dividend declared, being appropriately authorised and no longer at the discretion of the entity, on or before the end of the reporting period but not distributed at the end of the reporting period.
w) Earnings Per Share
Basic earnings per share are calculated by dividing the profit or loss for the year attributable to equity to the owners of the Company by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year.
The Company does not have any dilutive potential equity shares.
x) Rounding of Amounts
All amounts disclosed in the standalone financial statements and notes have been rounded off to the nearest lakhs upto two decimal places as per the requirement of Schedule III, unless otherwise stated.
y) New and amended standards issued but not effective
The Ministry of Corporate Affairs has vide notification dated 31 March 2023 notified Companies (Indian
Accounting Standards) Amendment Rules, 2023 (the ''Rules'') which amends certain accounting standards, and are effective 1 April 2023. The Rules predominantly amend Ind AS 12, Income taxes, and Ind AS 1, Presentation of financial statements. The other amendments to Ind AS notified by these rules are primarily in the nature of clarifications.
These amendments are not expected to have a material impact on the Company in the current or future reporting periods and on foreseeable future transactions.
z) New and amended standards adopted by the Company
The Ministry of Corporate Affairs had vide notification dated 23 March 2022 notified Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Amendment Rules, 2022 which amended certain accounting standards, and were effective 1 April 2022. These amendments did not have any impact on the amounts recognised in prior periods and did not significantly affect the current periods.
Note 2: Critical Estimates and Judgements
The preparation of standalone financial statements requires the use of accounting estimates which, by definition, will seldom equal the actual results. Management also needs to exercise judgement in applying the Company''s accounting policies. This note provides overview of the areas that involved a higher degree of judgement or complexity, and of items which are more likely to be materially adjusted due to estimates and assumptions turning out to be different than those originally assessed. Detailed information about each of these estimates and judgements is included in relevant notes together with information about the basis of calculation for each affected line item in the standalone financial statements.
The areas involving critical estimates or judgements are:
⢠Estimates of defined benefit obligation - Note 23
⢠Estimate of useful life of property, plant and equipment - Note 3 (a)
⢠Impairment of trade receivables - Refer Note 43 (A)
⢠Impairment assessment of non-financial asset - Refer Note 46
⢠Measurement of contingent liabilities - Refer Note 35
Estimation and judgements are continuously evaluated. They are based on historical experience and other factors including expectation of future events that may have a financial impact on the Company and that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances.
Mar 31, 2022
Background
Mayur Uniquoters Limited (''the Company'') is a Company limited by shares, incorporated and domiciled in India. The Company is primarily engaged in the business of manufacturing of coated textile fabrics, artificial leather and PVC vinyl, which are widely used in different segments such as footwear, furnishings, automotive OEM, automotive replacement market, and automotive exports. The equity shares of the Company are presently listed with BSE Limited (BSE) and National Stock Exchange of India Limited (NSE).
Note 1: Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
This note provides a list of the significant accounting policies adopted in the preparation of these standalone financial statements. These policies have been consistently applied to all the years presented, unless otherwise stated.
a) Basis of Preparation
(i) Compliance with Ind AS
The standalone financial statements comply in all material aspects with Indian Accounting Standards (Ind AS) notified under Section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013 (the Act) [Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015] and other relevant provisions of the Act.
(ii) Historical Cost Convention
The standalone financial statements have been prepared on a historical cost basis, except for the following:
- certain financial assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value; and
- defined benefit plans - plan assets measured at fair value.
(iii) New and Amended Standards Adopted by the Company
The Company has applied the following amendment for the first time for their annual reporting period commencing from April 1, 2021: ⢠Extension of COVID-19 related concessions - amendments to Ind AS 116 The amendment listed above did not have any impact on the amounts recognised in prior periods and is not expected to significantly affect the current or future periods.
(iv) New Amendments Issued but Not Effective
The Ministry of Corporate Affairs has vide notification dated March 23, 2022 notified Companies (Indian Accounting Standards)
|
Amendment Rules, 2022 which amends certain accounting standards, and are effective April 1, 2022. These amendments are not expected to have a material impact on the Company in the current or future reporting periods and on foreseeable future transactions. (v) Reclassifications Consequent to Amendments to Schedule III The Ministry of Corporate Affairs amended the Schedule III to the Companies Act, 2013 on March 24, 2021 to increase the transparency and provide additional disclosures to users of financial statements. These amendments are effective from April 1, 2021. Consequent to above, the Company has changed the classification/presentation of (i) current maturities of long-term borrowings (ii) security deposits, in the current year. The current maturities of long-term borrowings (including interest accrued) has now been included in the "current borrowings" line item. Previously, current maturities of long-term borrowings and interest accrued were included in ''other financial liabilities'' line item. Further, security deposits (which meet the definition of a financial asset as per Ind AS 32) have been included in ''other financial assets'' line item. Previously, these deposits were included in ''loans'' line item. The Company has reclassified comparative amounts to conform with current year presentation as per the requirements of Ind AS 1. The impact of such classifications is summarised below: |
|
Balance Sheet March 31,2021 Increase/ March 31,2021 (Extract) (as Previously (Decrease) (Restated) Reported) Other Financial 2,005.10 (544.98) 1,460.12 Liabilities (Current) Current Borrowings 1,932.76 544.98 2,477.74 Loans Receivable 168.31 (168.31) -(Non-Current) Other Financial Assets 245.40 168.31 413.71 (Non-Current) Loans Receivable 3.63 (3.63) -(Current) Other Financial Assets 670.16 3.63 673.79 (Current) |
Operating segments are reported in a manner consistent with the internal reporting provided to the chief operating decision maker.
The Board of Directors assesses the financial performance and position of the Company and makes strategic decisions and has been identified as chief operating decision maker (CODM). Refer note 41 for reportable segments determined by the Company.
c) Foreign Currency Translation
(i) Functional and Presentation Currency
Items included in the standalone financial statements are measured using the currency of the primary economic environment in which the Company operates (''the functional currency''). The standalone financial statements are presented in Indian rupee (INR), which is Mayur Uniquoters Limited''s functional and presentation currency.
(ii) Transactions and Balances
Foreign currency transactions are translated into the functional currency using the exchange rates at the dates of the transactions. Foreign exchange gains and losses resulting from the settlement of such transactions and from the translation of monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies at year end exchange rates are generally recognised in profit or loss.
Foreign exchange gains and losses are presented in the Statement of Profit and Loss on a net basis within other income.
d) Revenue Recognition
The Company manufactures and sells a range of artificial leather domestically as well as outside India. Sales are recognised when control of the products has transferred, being when the products are delivered to the customer, the customer has full discretion over price to sell the product, and there is no unfulfilled obligation that could affect the customer''s acceptance of the products. Delivery occurs when the products have been shipped to the specific location, the risks of obsolescence and loss have been transferred to the customer, and either the customer has accepted the products in accordance with the sales contract, the acceptance provisions have lapsed, or the Company has objective evidence that all criteria for acceptance have been satisfied.
Customer contracts where the performance obligation include sale of product and shipping services, for
goods shipped but not reached destination as at reporting date the shipping revenue is recognised over the time of shipping.
The products are often sold with volume discounts based on aggregate sales over a twelve months period and customers also have the right to return faulty products. Revenue from sales is based on the price specified in the sales contracts, net of the estimated volume discounts and returns at the time of sale. Accumulated experience is used to estimate and provide for the discounts and returns. Revenue is only recognised to the extent that it is highly probable that a significant reversal will not occur. The volume discounts are assessed based on anticipated annual sales.
The Company does not have any contract where the period between the transfer of promised goods to the customer and payment by the customer exceeds one year. As a consequence, the Company does not adjust any of the transaction prices for the time value of money.
A receivable is recognised when the goods are delivered at the point that the consideration is unconditional because only the passage of time is required before the payment is due.
e) Government Grants
Grants from the government are recognised at their fair value where there is a reasonable assurance that the grant will be received and the Company will comply with all attached conditions.
Government grants relating to income are deferred and recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss over the period necessary to match them with the costs that they are intended to compensate and presented within other income.
Government grants relating to the purchase of property, plant and equipment are included in non-current/ current liabilities and are credited to profit or loss on a straight-line basis over the expected useful lives of the related assets and presented within other income.
f) Income Tax
The income tax expense or credit for the period is the tax payable on the current period''s taxable income based on the applicable income tax rate adjusted by changes in deferred tax assets and liabilities attributable to temporary differences.
Tax expense comprises current and deferred tax. Current and deferred tax is recognised in profit or loss except to the extent that it relates to items
recognised in other comprehensive income or directly in equity. In this case, the tax is also recognised in other comprehensive income or directly in equity respectively.
The current income tax charge is calculated on the basis of the tax laws enacted or substantively enacted at the end of the reporting period. Management periodically evaluates positions taken in tax returns with respect to situations in which applicable tax regulation is subject to interpretation and considers whether it is probable that a taxation authority will accept an uncertain tax treatment. The Company measures its tax balances either based on the most likely amount or the expected value, depending on which method provides a better prediction of the resolution of the uncertainty.
Deferred income tax is provided in full, using the liability method, on temporary differences arising between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their carrying amounts in the standalone financial statements. Deferred income tax is also not accounted for if it arises from initial recognition of an asset or liability in a transaction that at the time of the transaction affects neither accounting profit nor taxable profit (tax loss). Deferred income tax is determined using tax rates (and laws) that have been enacted or substantially enacted by the end of the reporting period and are expected to apply when the related deferred income tax asset is realised or the deferred income tax liability is settled.
Deferred tax assets are recognised for all deductible temporary differences and unused tax losses only if it is probable that future taxable amounts will be available to utilise those temporary differences and losses.
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset when there is a legally enforceable right to offset current tax assets and liabilities and when the deferred tax balances relate to the same taxation authority. Current tax assets and tax liabilities are offset where the entity has a legally enforceable right to offset and intends either to settle on a net basis, or to realise the asset and settle the liability simultaneously.
g) Leases
As a Lessee
Leases are recognised as a right-of-use asset and a corresponding liability at the date at which the leased asset is available for use by the Company. Contracts may contain both lease and non-lease components. The Company allocates the consideration in the
contract to the lease and non-lease components based on their relative stand-alone prices. However, for leases of real estate for which the Company is a lessee, it has elected not to separate lease and nonlease components and instead accounts for these as a single lease component.
Assets and liabilities arising from a lease are initially measured on a present value basis. Lease liabilities include net present value of the following lease payments:
⢠Fixed payments (including in substance fixed payments), less any lease incentives receivable
⢠Variable lease payments that are based on an index or a rate, initially measured using the index or rate as at the commencement date
⢠Amounts expected to be payable by the Company under residual value guarantees
⢠The exercise price of a purchase option if the Company is reasonably certain to exercise that option, and
⢠Payments of penalties for terminating the lease, if the lease term reflects the Company exercising that option.
Lease payments to be made under reasonably certain extension options are also included in the measurement of the liability. The lease payments are discounted using the interest rate implicit in the lease. If that rate cannot be readily determined, which is generally the case for lease in the Company, the lessee''s incremental borrowing rate is used, being the rate that the individual lessee would have to pay to borrow the funds necessary to obtain an asset of similar value to the right-of-use asset in similar economic environment with similar terms, security and conditions.
Lease payments are allocated between principal and finance cost. The finance cost is charged to profit or loss over the lease period so as to produce a constant periodic rate of interest on the remaining balance of the liability for each period.
Right-of-use assets are measured at cost comprising the following:
⢠The amount of the initial measurement of lease liability
⢠Any lease payments made at or before the commencement date less any lease incentives received
⢠Any initial direct costs, and
⢠Restoration costs.
Right-of-use assets are generally depreciated over the shorter of the asset''s useful life and the lease term on a straight-line basis. If the Company is reasonably certain to exercise a purchase option, the right-of-use asset is depreciated over the underlying asset''s useful life.
Payments associated with short-term leases of equipment and all leases of low value assets are recognised on a straight-line basis as an expense in profit or loss. Short term leases are leases with a lease term of twelve months or less.
h) Impairment of Assets
Assets are tested for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable. An impairment loss is recognised for the amount by which the asset''s carrying amount exceeds its recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is the higher of an asset''s fair value less costs of disposal and value in use. For the purposes of assessing impairment, assets are compared at the lowest levels for which there are separately identifiable cash inflows which are largely independent of the cash inflows from other assets or group of assets (cash-generating units). Non-financial assets that suffered an impairment are reviewed for possible reversal of the impairment at the end of each reporting period.
i) Cash and Cash Equivalents
For the purpose of presentation in the cash flow statement, cash and cash equivalents includes cash on hand, deposits held at call with financial institutions, other short-term, other highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less that are readily convertible to known amounts of cash and which are subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value, and bank overdrafts. Bank overdrafts are shown within borrowings in current liabilities in the Balance Sheet.
Other bank balances consist of term deposits with banks, which have original maturities of more than three months. Such assets are recognised and measured at amortised cost (including directly attributable transaction cost) using the effective interest method, less impairment losses, if any.
j) Trade Receivables
Trade receivables are amounts due from customers for goods sold in ordinary course of business. Trade receivables are recognised initially at the amount of consideration that is unconditional. The Company holds the trade receivables with the objective to collect the contractual cash flows and therefore measures them subsequently at amortised cost using effective interest method, less loss allowance.
k) Inventories
Raw Materials, Stores, Work- in-Progress and Finished Goods
Raw materials, stores, work-in-progress and finished goods are stated at the lower of cost and net realisable value. Cost of raw materials and stores comprises cost of purchases. Cost of work-inprogress and finished goods comprises direct materials, direct labour and an appropriate proportion of variable and fixed overhead expenditure, the latter being allocated on the basis of normal operating capacity.
Costs of inventories also include all other costs incurred in bringing the inventories to their present location and condition. Costs are assigned to individual items of inventory on weighted average cost basis. Costs of purchased inventory are determined after deducting rebates and discounts. Net realisable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business less the estimated costs of completion and the estimated costs necessary to make the sale. Obsolete and slow-moving stocks are identified on the basis of regular reviews by the management and, where necessary, adequate provision is made for such stock.
l) Investments and Other Financial Assets
(i) Classification
The Company classifies its financial assets in the following measurement categories:
- those to be measured subsequently at fair value (either through other comprehensive income, or through profit or loss), and
- those measured at amortised cost.
The classification depends on the entity''s business model for managing the financial assets and the contractual terms of the cash flows.
For assets measured at fair value, gains and losses will either be recorded in the Statement of Profit and Loss or other comprehensive income.For investments in equity instruments, this will depend on whether the Company has made an irrevocable election at the time of initial recognition to account for the equity investment at fair value through other comprehensive income (FVOCI).
The Company reclassifies debt investments when and only when its business model for managing those assets changes.
(ii) Recognition
Regular way purchases and sales of financial assets are recognised on trade date, on which the Company commits to purchase or sale the financial asset.
(iii) Measurement
At initial recognition, the Company measures a financial asset at its fair value plus, in the case of a financial asset not at fair value through profit or loss, transaction costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition of the financial asset. Transaction costs of financial assets carried at fair value through profit or loss are expensed in profit or loss.
Subsequent measurement of debt instruments depends on the Company''s business model for managing the asset and the cash flow characteristics of the asset. There are three measurement categories into which the Company classifies its debt instruments:
- Amortised Cost: Assets that are held for collection of contractual cash flows where those cash flows represent solely payments of principal and interest are measured at amortised cost.
Interest income from these financial assets is included in other income using the effective interest rate method. Any gain or loss arising on derecognition is recognised directly in profit or loss and presented in other income or other expenses. Impairment losses are presented as separate line item in the Statement of Profit and Loss.
- Fair Value Through Other Comprehensive Income (FVOCI) : Assets that are held for collection of contractual cash flows and for selling the financial assets, where the assets'' cash flows represent solely payments of principal and interest, are measured at fair value through other comprehensive income (FVOCI). Movements in the carrying amount are taken through OCI, except for the recognition of impairment gains or losses, interest revenue and foreign exchange gains and losses which are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss. When the financial asset is derecognised, the cumulative gain or
loss previously recognised in OCI is reclassified from equity to the Statement of Profit and Loss and recognised in other income. Interest income from these financial assets is included in other income using the effective interest rate method. Foreign exchange gain and losses are presented in other income and impairment expenses are presented as separate line item in Statement of Profit and Loss.
- Fair Value Through Profit or Loss: Assets that do not meet the criteria for amortised cost or FVOCI are measured at fair value through profit or loss. A gain or loss on a debt investment that is subsequently measured at fair value through profit or loss and is not part of a hedging relationship is recognised and presented net in the Statement of Profit and Loss within other income or other expenses in the period in which it arises. Interest income from these financial assets is included in other income.
Investments in Mutual Funds and Equity Instruments
Investment in mutual funds and equity instruments are classified as fair value through profit or loss as they are not held within a business model whose objective is to hold assets in order to collect contractual cash flows and the contractual terms of such assets do not give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding. Where the Company''s management has elected to present fair value gains and losses on equity investments in other comprehensive income, there is no subsequent reclassification of fair value gains and losses to the Statement of Profit and Loss. The Company makes such election on an instrument-by-instrument basis. The classification is made on initial recognition and is irrevocable. Dividends from such investments are recognised in profit or loss as other income when the Company''s right to receive payments is established.
Investment in Bonds
Investment in bonds are financial assets with fixed or determinable payments that are not quoted in an active market. These are classified as financial assets measured at amortised cost as they fulfill the following conditions:
- Such assets are held within a business model whose objective is to hold assets in order to collect contractual cash flows.
- The contractual terms of such assets give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely
payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.
- The Company recognises these assets on the date when they are originated and are initially measured at fair value plus any directly attributable transaction costs.
Changes in the fair value of financial assets at fair value through profit or loss are recognised in other income in the Statement of Profit and Loss. Impairment losses (and reversal of impairment losses) on equity investments measured at FVOCI are not reported separately from other changes in fair value.
(iv) Impairment of Financial Assets
The Company assesses on a forward looking basis the expected credit losses associated with its assets carried at amortised cost and FVOCI debt instruments. The impairment methodology applied depends on whether there has been a significant increase in credit risk. Note 45 details how the Company determines whether there has been a significant increase in credit risk.
For trade receivables only, the Company applies the simplified approach permitted by Ind AS 109 Financial Instruments, which requires expected lifetime losses to be recognised from initial recognition of the receivables.
(v) Derecognition of Financial Assets
A financial asset is derecognised only when
- The Company has transferred the rights to receive cash flows from the financial asset or
- retains the contractual rights to receive the cash flows of the financial asset, but assumes a contractual obligation to pay the cash flows to one or more recipients.
Where the Company has transferred any asset, the Company evaluates whether it has transferred substantially all risks and rewards of ownership of the financial asset. In such cases, the financial asset is derecognised. Where the Company has not transferred substantially all risks and rewards of ownership of the financial asset, the financial asset is not derecognised.
Where the Company has neither transferred a financial asset nor retains substantially all risks and rewards of ownership of the financial asset, the financial asset is derecognised if the Company has not retained control of the financial
asset. Where the Company retains control of the financial asset, the asset is continued to be recognised to the extent of continuing involvement in the financial asset.
(vi) Income Recognition Interest Income
Interest income from financial assets at fair value through the profit or loss is disclosed as interest income within other income. Interest income on financial assets at amortised cost and financial assets at FVOCI is calculated using effective interest method is recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss as part of other income. Interest income is calculated by applying the effective interest rate to the gross carrying amount of a financial asset except for financial assets that subsequently become credit impaired.
Dividends are recognised in profit or loss only when the right to receive payment is established, it is probable that the economic benefits associated with the dividend will flow to the Company, and the amount of the dividend can be measured reliably.
m) Investment in Subsidiaries
A subsidiary is an entity controlled by the Company. Control exists when the Company has power over the entity, is exposed, or has rights to variable returns from its involvement with the entity and has the ability to affect those returns by using its power over the entity. Power is demonstrated through existing rights that give the ability to direct relevant activities, those which significantly affect the entity''s returns.
Investments in subsidiaries are carried at cost. The cost comprises price paid to acquire investment and directly attributable cost.
n) Offsetting Financial Instruments
Financial assets and liabilities are offset and the net amount is reported in the Balance Sheet where there is a legally enforceable right to offset the recognised amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis or realise the asset and settle the liability simultaneously. The legally enforceable right must not be contingent on future events and must be enforceable in the normal course of business and in the event of default, insolvency or bankruptcy of the Company or the counterparty.
o) Property, Plant and Equipment
Freehold land is carried at historical cost. All other items of property, plant and equipment are stated at historical cost less depreciation. Historical cost includes expenditure that is directly attributable to the acquisition of the items. Cost comprises the purchase price, borrowing costs if capitalisation criteria are met and directly attributable cost of bringing the asset to its working condition for its intended use. Any trade discounts and rebates are deducted in arriving at the purchase price.
Subsequent costs are included in the asset''s carrying amount or recognised as a separate asset, as appropriate, only when it is probable that future economic benefits associated with the item will flow to the Company and the cost of the item can be measured reliably. The carrying amount of any component accounted for as a separate asset is derecognised when replaced. All other repairs and maintenance are charged to Statement of Profit and Loss during the reporting period in which they are incurred.
On transition to Ind AS, the Company has elected to continue with the carrying value of all of its property, plant and equipment measured as per the previous GAAP and use that carrying value as the deemed cost of the property, plant and equipment.
Depreciation Methods, Estimated Useful Lives and Residual Value
Depreciation is calculated using the straight-line method to allocate the cost of the assets, net of their residual values, over their estimated useful lives as follows:
|
Particulars |
Estimate of Useful life |
|
Freehold Building |
30 years |
|
Plant and Machinery |
10-15 years |
|
Furniture and Fixtures |
10 years |
|
Vehicles |
8 years |
|
Office equipment |
5 years |
|
Computers and data processing units |
3-6 years |
The useful lives have been determined based on technical evaluation done by the management''s expert which are higher than those specified by Schedule II to the Companies Act, 2013, in order to reflect the actual usage of the assets. The residual values are not more than 5% of the original cost of the asset.
The assets'' residual values and useful lives are reviewed, and adjusted if appropriate, at the end of each reporting period.
An asset''s carrying amount is written down immediately to its recoverable amount if the asset''s carrying amount is greater than its estimated recoverable amount.
Gains and losses on disposals are determined by comparing proceeds with carrying amount. These are included in Statement of Profit and Loss within other income or other expenses.
Advances paid towards the acquisition of property, plant and equipment outstanding at each Balance Sheet date are classified as capital advances under non-current assets.
Capital work-in-progress excluding capital advances includes property, plant and equipment under construction and not ready for intended use as on Balance Sheet date.
p) Intangible Assets
(i) Intangible assets that are acquired by the Company are measured initially at cost. All intangible assets are with finite useful lives and are measured at cost less accumulated amortisation and impairment, if any.
Intangible assets are amortised over the useful life and assessed for impairment whenever there is an indication that the intangible asset may be impaired. The amortisation period and the amortisation method are reviewed at the end of each reporting period.
Intangible assets comprise computer software having an estimated useful life of 4 years.
q) Trade and Other Payables
These amounts represent liabilities for goods and services provided to the Company prior to the end of financial year which are unpaid. Trade and other payables are presented as current liabilities unless payment is not due within twelve months after the reporting period. They are recognised initially at their fair value and subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method.
r) Borrowings
Borrowings are initially recognised at fair value, net of transaction costs incurred. Borrowings are subsequently measured at amortised cost. Any difference between the proceeds (net of transaction costs) and the redemption amount is recognised in
profit or loss over the period of the borrowings using the effective interest method. Fees paid on the establishment of loan facilities are recognised as transaction costs of the loan to the extent that it is probable that some or all of the facility will be drawn down. Borrowings are classified as current liabilities unless the Company has an unconditional right to defer settlement of the liability for at least twelve months after the reporting period.
s) Borrowing Cost
General and specific borrowing costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of a qualifying asset are capitalised during the period of time that is required to complete and prepare the asset for its intended use or sale. Qualifying assets are assets that necessarily take a substantial period of time to get ready for their intended use or sale.
Investment income earned on the temporary investment of specific borrowings pending their expenditure on qualifying assets is deducted from the borrowing costs eligible for capitalisation.
Other borrowing costs are expensed in the period in which they are incurred.
t) Provisions and Contingent Liabilities
Provisions are recognised when the Company has a present legal or constructive obligation as a result of past events, it is probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation and the amount can be reliably estimated. Provisions are not recognised for future operating losses. Where there are a number of similar obligations, the likelihood that an outflow will be required in settlement is determined by considering the class of obligations as a whole. A provision is recognised even if the likelihood of an outflow with respect to any one item included in the same class of obligations may be small.
Provisions are measured at the present value of management''s best estimate of the expenditure required to settle the present obligation at the end of the reporting period. The discount rate used to determine the present value is a pre-tax rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the liability. The increase in the provision due to the passage of time is recognised as interest expense.
A contingent liability is a possible obligation that arises from past events whose existence will be confirmed
by the occurrence or non-occurrence of one or more uncertain future events beyond the control of the Company or a present obligation that is not recognised because it is not probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation. A contingent liability also arises in extremely rare cases where there is a liability that cannot be recognised because it cannot be measured reliably. The Company does not recognise a contingent liability but discloses its existence in the standalone financial statements.
u) Employee Benefits
(i) Short-Term Obligations
Liabilities for wages and salaries, including nonmonetary benefits that are expected to be settled wholly within twelve months after the end of the period in which the employees render the related service are recognised in respect of employees'' services up to the end of the reporting period and are measured at the amounts expected to be paid when the liabilities are settled. The liabilities are presented as current employee benefit obligations in the Balance Sheet.
(ii) Other Long-Term Employee Benefit Obligations
The liabilities for leave are not expected to be settled wholly within twelve months after the end of the period in which the employees render the related service. These obligations are therefore measured as the present value of expected future payments to be made in respect of services provided by employees up to the end of the reporting period using the projected unit credit method. The benefits are discounted using the market yields at the end of the reporting period that have terms approximating to the terms of the related obligation. Re-measurements as a result of experience adjustments and changes in actuarial assumptions are recognised in profit and loss.
The obligations are presented as current liabilities in the Balance Sheet if the entity does not have an unconditional right to defer settlement for at least twelve months after the reporting period, regardless of when the actual settlement is expected to occur.
(iii) Post-Employment Obligations
The Company operates the following postemployment schemes: (a) Defined benefit plan (Gratuity) (b) Defined contribution plans (Provident Fund).
Defined Benefit Plan (Gratuity)
The Company contributes to the Gratuity Fund managed by the Life Insurance Corporation of India under its New Company Gratuity Cash Accumulation Plan.
The liability or asset recognised in the Balance Sheet in respect of defined benefit gratuity plan is the present value of the defined benefit obligation at the end of the reporting period less the fair value of plan assets. The defined benefit obligation is calculated annually by actuaries using the projected unit credit method.
The present value of the defined benefit obligation is determined by discounting the estimated future cash outflows by reference to market yields at the end of the reporting period on government bonds that have terms approximating to the terms of the related obligation.
The net interest cost is calculated by applying the discount rate to the net balance of the defined benefit obligation and the fair value of plan assets. This cost is included in employee benefit expense in the Statement of Profit and Loss.
Re-measurement gains and losses arising from experience adjustments and changes in actuarial assumptions are recognised in the period in which they occur, directly in other comprehensive income. They are included in retained earnings in the statement of changes in equity and in the Balance Sheet.
Changes in the present value of the defined benefit obligation resulting from plan amendments or curtailments are recognised immediately in profit and loss as past service cost.
Defined Contribution Plans
The Company pays provident fund contributions to publicly administered provident funds as per local regulations. The Company has no further payment obligations once the contributions have been paid. The contributions are accounted for as defined contribution plans and the contributions are recognised as employee benefit expense when they are due. Prepaid contributions are recognised as an asset to the extent that a cash refund or a reduction in the future payments is available.
v) Contributed Equity
Equity Shares are Classified as Equity.
Incremental costs directly attributable to the issue of new shares or options are shown in equity as a deduction, net of tax, from the proceeds.
w) Dividends
Provision is made for the amount of any dividend declared, being appropriately authorised and no longer at the discretion of the entity, on or before the end of the reporting period but not distributed at the end of the reporting period.
x) Earnings Per ShareBasic Earnings Per Share
Basic earnings per share are calculated by dividing the profit or loss for the year attributable to equity to the owners of the Company by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year. The Company does not have any dilutive potential equity shares.
y) Rounding of Amounts
All amounts disclosed in the standalone financial statements and notes have been rounded off to the nearest lakhs upto two decimal places as per the requirement of Schedule III, unless otherwise stated.
Note 2: Critical Estimates and Judgement
The preparation of standalone financial statements requires the use of accounting estimates which, by definition, will seldom equal the actual results. Management also needs to exercise judgement in applying the Company''s accounting policies. This note provides overview of the areas that involved a higher degree of judgement or complexity, and of items which are more likely to be materially adjusted due to estimates and assumptions turning out to be different than those originally assessed. Detailed information about each of these estimates and judgements is included in relevant notes together with information about the basis of calculation for each affected line item in the standalone financial statements.
Critical Estimates and Judgements
The areas involving critical estimates or judgements are:
⢠Estimates of defined benefit obligation - Note 22
⢠Estimate of useful life of fixed assets - Note 3
⢠Impairment of trade receivables - Refer Note 45
Estimation and judgements are continuously evaluated. They are based on historical experience and other factors including expectation of future events that may have a financial impact on the Company and that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. Also refer Note 37.
Mar 31, 2018
Note 1: Significant accounting policies
This note provides a list of the significant accounting policies adopted in the preparation of these standalone financial statements. These policies have been consistently applied to all the years presented, unless otherwise stated.
(a) Basis of preparation
(i) Compliance with Ind AS
The standalone financial statements comply in all material aspects with Indian Accounting Standards (Ind AS) notified under Section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013 (the Act) [Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015] and other relevant provisions of the Act.
The standalone financial statements up to year ended March 31, 2017 were prepared in accordance with the accounting standards notified under Companies (Accounting Standard) Rules, 2006 (as amended) and other relevant provisions of the Act(âprevious GAAPâ).
These standalone financial statements are the first standalone financial statements of the Company under Ind AS. Refer note 52 for an explanation of how the transition from previous GAAP to Ind AS has affected the Companyâs financial position, financial performance and cash flows.
(ii) Historical cost convention
The standalone financial statements have been prepared on a historical cost basis, except for the following:
- certain financial assets that is measured at fair value; and
- defined benefit plans - plan assets measured at fair value.
(iii) Current versus non-current classification
The Company presents assets and liabilities in the Balance Sheet based on current/non-current classification.
An asset is current when it is:
- Expected to be realised or intended to be sold or consumed in the normal operating cycle, or
- Held primarily for the purpose of trading, or
- Expected to be realised within twelve months after the reporting period, or
- Cash or cash equivalents unless restricted from being exchanged or used to settle a liability for at least twelve after the reporting period.
All other assets are classified as non-current.
A liability is current when:
- It is expected to be settled in the normal operating cycle, or
- It is held primarily for the purpose of trading, or
- It is due to be settled within twelve months after the reporting period, or
- There is no unconditional right to defer the settlement of the liability for at least twelve months after the reporting period.
All other liabilities are classified as non-current.
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are classified as non-current assets and liabilities.
The operating cycle is the time between acquisition of assets for processing and their realization in cash and cash equivalents. The Company has determined its operating cycle as twelve months.
(b) Segment reporting
Operating segments are reported in a manner consistent with the internal reporting provided to the chief operating decision maker.
The Board of Directors assesses the financial performance and position of the Company, and makes strategic decisions and have been identified as CODM. Refer note 44 for segment information presented.
(c) Foreign currency translation
(i) Functional and presentation currency
Items included in the standalone financial statements are measured using the currency of the primary economic environment in which the Company operates. The standalone financial statements are presented in Indian rupee (INR), which is Mayur Uniquoters Limitedâs functional and presentation currency.
(ii) Transactions and balances
Foreign currency transactions are translated into the functional currency using the exchange rates at the dates of the transactions. Foreign exchange gains and losses resulting from the settlement of such transactions and from the translation of monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies at year end exchange rates are generally recognised in the statement of profit and loss.
Foreign exchange gain and losses are presented in the statement of profit and loss on net basis within other income or other expenses. Nonmonetary items that are measured in terms of historical cost in a foreign currency are not translated.Non-monetary items that are measured at fair value in a foreign currency are translated using the exchange rates at the date when the fair value was determined.Transaction differences on assets and liabilities carried at fair value are reported as part of the fair value gain or loss. For example, translation differences on non-monetary assets and liabilities such as equity instruments held at fair value through profit or loss are recognised in profit or loss as part of the fair value gain or loss and translation differences on nonmonetary assets such as equity investments classified as FVOCI are recognised in other comprehensive income.
(d) Revenue recognition
Revenue is measured at the fair value of the consideration received or receivable. Amounts disclosed as revenue are inclusive of excise duty and net of returns, trade allowances, rebates, Goods and Service tax (GST) and amounts collected on behalf of third parties.
The Company recognises revenue when the amount of revenue can be reliably measured, it is probable that future economic benefits will flow to the Company and specific criteria have been met for each of the Companyâs activities as described below.
Sale of goods
Timing of recognition: Sales are recognised when significant risk & rewards of ownership of products are passed to the customers, usually on delivery, and the Company neither retains continuing managerial involvement to the extent usually associated with ownership nor effective control over the goods sold.
Measurement of revenue:The products are often sold with volume discounts and customers have a right to return faulty products. Revenue from sales is based on the price specified in the sales contracts, net of the estimated volume discounts and returns at the time of sale. Accumulated experience is used to estimate and provide for the discounts and returns. The volume discounts are assessed based on anticipated annual purchases. When the inflow of cash or cash equivalents is deferred, fair value of the consideration is determined by discounting all future receipts using an imputed rate of interest. The difference between the fair value and the nominal amount of the consideration is recognised as interest revenue in accordance with Ind AS 109.
(e) Government Grants
Grants from the government are recognised at their fair value where there is a reasonable assurance that the grant will be received and the Company will comply with all attached conditions.
Government grants relating to income are deferred and recognised in the statement of profit and loss over the period necessary to match them with the costs that they are intended to compensate. Government grants related to subsidy in interest rate are presented by deducting the grant from the expense which they relate toand presented within other income.
Government grants relating to the purchase of property, plant and equipment are included in noncurrent liabilities as deferred income and are credited to the statement of profit and loss on a straight-line basis over the expected useful lives of the related assets and presented within other income.
(f) Income tax
The income tax expense or credit for the period is the tax payable on the current periodâs taxable income based on the applicable income tax rate adjusted by changes in deferred tax assets and liabilities attributable to temporary differences and to unused tax losses.
The current income tax charge is calculated on the basis of the tax laws enacted or substantively enacted at the end of the reporting period. Management periodically evaluates positions taken in tax returns with respect to situations in which applicable tax regulation is subject to interpretation. It establishes provisions where appropriate on the basis of amounts expected to be paid to the tax authorities.
Deferred income tax is provided in full, using the liability method, on temporary differences arising between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their carrying amounts in the standalone financial statements. However, deferred tax liabilities are not recognised if they arise from the initial recognition of goodwill. Deferred income tax is also not accounted for if it arises from initial recognition of an asset or liability in a transaction other than a business combination that at the time of the transaction affects neither accounting profit nor taxable profit (tax loss). Deferred income tax is determined using tax rates (and laws) that have been enacted or substantially enacted by the end of the reporting period and are expected to apply when the related deferred income tax asset is realised or the deferred income tax liability is settled.
Deferred tax assets are recognised for all deductible temporary differences and unused tax losses only if it is probable that future taxable amounts will be available to utilise those temporary differences and losses.
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset when there is a legally enforceable right to offset current tax assets and liabilities and when the deferred tax balances relate to the same taxation authority. Current tax assets and tax liabilities are offset where the entity has a legally enforceable right to offset and intends either to settle on a net basis, or to realise the asset and settle the liability simultaneously.
Current and deferred tax is recognised in the statement of profit and loss, except to the extent that it relates to items recognised in other comprehensive income or directly in equity. In this case, the tax is also recognised in other comprehensive income or directly in equity, respectively.
(g) Leases As a lessee
Leases of property, plant and equipment where the Company, as lessee, has substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership are classified as finance leases. Finance leases are capitalised at the inception of leases at the fair value of the leased property or, if lower, the present value of the minimum lease payments. The corresponding rental obligations, net of finance charges, are included in borrowings or other financial liabilities as appropriate. Each lease payment is allocated between the liability and finance cost.The finance cost is charged to the statement of profit and loss over the lease period so as to produce a constant periodic rate of interest on the remaining balance of the liability for each period.
Leases in which a significant portion of the risks and rewards of ownership are not transferred to the Company as lessee are classified as operating leases. Payments made under operating leases (net of any incentives received from the lessor) are charged to the statement of profit and loss on a straight-line basis over the period of the lease unless the payments are structured to increase in line with expected general inflation to compensate for the lessorâs expected inflationary cost increases.
(h) Impairment of assets
Assets are tested for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable. An impairment loss is recognised for the amount by which the assetâs carrying amount exceeds its recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is the higher of an assetâs fair value less costs of disposal and value in use. For the purposes of assessing impairment, assets are grouped at the lowest levels for which there are separately identifiable cash inflows which are largely independent of the cash inflows from other assets or group of assets (cash-generating units). Non-financial assets that suffered an impairment are reviewed for possible reversal of the impairment at the end of each reporting period.
The Company bases its impairment calculation on detailed budgets and forecast calculations which are prepared separately for each of the Companyâs cash-generating units to which the individual assets are allocated.
Impairment losses are recognised in the statement of profit and loss. After impairment depreciation is provided on the revised carrying amount of the asset over its remaining useful life.
An assessment is made at each reporting date as to whether there is any indication that previously recognised impairment losses may no longer exist or may have decreased. If such indication exists, the Company estimates the assetâs or cash-generating unitâs recoverable amount. A previously recognised impairment loss is reversed only if there has been a change in the assumptions used to determine the assetâs recoverable amount since the last impairment loss was recognised. The reversal is limited so that the carrying amount of the asset does not exceed its recoverable amount, nor exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined, net of depreciation, had no impairment loss been recognised for the asset in prior years. Such reversal is recognised in the statement of profit and loss unless the asset is carried at a revalued amount, in which case the reversal is treated as a revaluation increase.
(i) Cash and cash equivalents
For the purpose of presentation in the cash flow statement, cash and cash equivalents includes cash on hand, deposits held at call with financial institutions, other short-term, highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less that are readily convertible to known amounts of cash and which are subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value.Bank overdrafts are shown within borrowings in current liabilities in the balance sheet.
(j) Trade receivables
Trade receivables are recognised initially at fair value and subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method, less provision for impairment.
(k) Inventories
Raw materials and stores, work in progress and finished goods are stated at the lower of cost and net realisable value. Cost of raw materials comprises cost of purchases. Cost of work-in-progress and finished goods comprises direct materials, direct labour and an appropriate proportion of variable and fixed overhead expenditure, the latter being allocated on the basis of normal operating capacity.
Costs of inventories also include all other costs incurred in bringing the inventories to their present location and condition. Costs are assigned to individual items of inventory on the basis of Weighted Average Cost basis. Costs of purchased inventory are determined after deducting rebates and discounts. Net realisable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business less the estimated costs of completion and the estimated costs necessary to make the sale.
(l) Investments and other financial assets (i) Classification
The Company classifies its financial assets in the following measurement categories:
- those to be measured subsequently at fair value (either through other comprehensive income, or through profit or loss), and
- those measured at amortised cost.
The classification depends on the entityâs business model for managing the financial assets and the contractual terms of the cash flows.
For assets measured at fair value, gains and losses will either be recorded in the statement of profit and loss or other comprehensive income. For investments in debt instruments, this will depend on the business model in which the investment is held. For investments in equity instruments, this will depend on whether the Company has made an irrevocable election at the time of initial recognition to account for the equity investment at fair value through other comprehensive income.
The Company reclassifies debt investments when and only when its business model for managing those assets changes.
(ii) Measurement
At initial recognition, the Company measures a financial asset at its fair value plus, in case of financial instruments not at fair value through profit or loss, transaction cost that are directly attributable to the acquisition of financial asset. Transaction cost related to financial asset carried at fair value through the statement of profit and loss are expensed in the statement of profit and loss.
Financial assets with embedded derivatives are considered in their entirety when determining whether their cash flows are solely payment of principal and interest.
Debt instruments
Subsequent measurement of debt instruments depends on the Companyâs business model for managing the asset and the cash flow characteristics of the asset. There are three measurement categories into which the Company classifies its debt instruments:
- Amortised cost: Assets that are held for collection of contractual cash flows where those cash flows represent solely payments of principal and interest are measured at amortised cost. A gain or loss on a debt investment that is subsequently measured at amortised cost and is not part of a hedging relationship is recognised in the statement of profit and loss when the asset is derecognised or impaired. Interest income from these financial assets is included in other income using the effective interest rate method.
- Fair value through other comprehensive income (FVOCI): Assets that are held for collection of contractual cash flows and for selling the financial assets, where the assetsâ cash flows represent solely payments of principal and interest, are measured at fair value through other comprehensive income (FVOCI). Movements in the carrying amount are taken through OCI, except for the recognition of impairment gains or losses, interest revenue and foreign exchange gains and losses which are recognised in the statement of profit and loss. When the financial asset is derecognised, the cumulative gain or loss previously recognised in OCI is reclassified from OCI to the statement of profit and loss and recognised in other income or other expenses. Interest income from these financial assets is included in other income using the effective interest rate method.Foreign exchange gain and losses are presented in other income or other expenses and impairment expenses in other expenses.
- Fair value through profit or loss: Assets that do not meet the criteria for amortised cost or FVOCI are measured at fair value through profit or loss. A gain or loss on a debt investment that is subsequently measured at fair value through profit or loss and is not part of a hedging relationship is recognised and presented net in profit and loss within other income or other expenses in the period in which it arises. Dividend and interest income from these financial assets is included in other income.
Equity instruments
The Company subsequently measures all equity investments at fair value. Where the Company has elected to present fair value gains and losses on equity investments in other comprehensive income, there is no subsequent reclassification of fair value gains and losses to the statement of profit and loss. Dividends from such investments are recognised in the statement of profit and loss as other income when the Companyâs right to receive payments is established.
Changes in the fair value of financial assets at fair value through profit or loss are recognised in other income or other expenses in the statement of profit and loss. Impairment losses (and reversal of impairment losses) on equity investments measured at FVOCI are not reported separately from other changes in fair value.
(iii) Impairment of financial assets
The Company assesses on a forward looking basis the expected credit losses associated with its assets carried at amortised cost and FVOCI. The impairment methodology applied depends on whether there has been a significant increase in credit risk of financial asset since initial recognition. Note 48 details how the Company determines whether there has been a significant increase in credit risk. For trade receivables only, the Company applies the simplified approach permitted by Ind AS 109 Financial Instruments, which requires expected lifetime losses to be recognised from initial recognition of the receivables.
For recognition of impairment loss on other financial assets, the Company assesses whether there has been a significant increase in the credit risk since initial recognition. If credit risk has not increased significantly, 12-month ECL is used to provide for impairment loss. However, if credit risk has increased significantly, lifetime ECL is used. For assessing increase in credit risk and impairment loss, the Company assesses the credit risk characteristics on instrument-by-instrument basis. If, in a subsequent period, credit quality of the instrument improves such that there is no longer a significant increase in credit risk since initial recognition, then the entity reverts to recognising impairment loss allowance based on 12-month ECL. The amount of expected credit loss (or reversal) for the period is recognised as expense/income in the statement of profit and loss.
(iv) Derecognition of financial assets
A financial asset is derecognised only when
- The Company has transferred the rights to receive cash flows from the financial asset or
- retains the contractual rights to receive the cash flows of the financial asset, but assumes a contractual obligation to pay the cash flows to one or more recipients.
Where an asset has been transferred, the Company evaluates whether it has transferred substantially all risks and rewards of ownership of the financial asset. In such cases, the financial asset is derecognised. Where the Company has not transferred substantially all risks and rewards of ownership of the financial asset, the financial asset is not derecognised.
Where the Company has neither transferred a financial asset nor retains substantially all risks and rewards of ownership of the financial asset, the financial asset is derecognised if the Company has not retained control of the financial asset. Where the Company retains control of the financial asset, the asset is continued to be recognised to the extent of continuing involvement in the financial asset.
(v) Income recognition
Interest income
Interest is recognised using the effective interest rate (EIR) method, as income for the period in which it occurs. EIR is the rate that exactly discounts the estimated future cash payments or receipts over the expected life of the financial instrument to the gross carrying amount of the financial asset or to the amortised cost of a financial liability. When calculating the effective interest rate, the Company estimates the expected cash flows by considering all the contractual terms of the financial instrument but does not consider the expected credit losses.
Dividends
Dividends are recognised in the statement of profit and loss only when the right to receive payment is established, it is probable that the economic benefits associated with the dividend will flow to the Company, and the amount of the dividend can be measured reliably.
(m)Investment in Subsidiaries
A subsidiary is an entity controlled by the Company. Control exists when the Company has power over the entity, is exposed, or has rights to variable returns from its involvement with the entity and has the ability to affect those returns by using its power over the entity. Power is demonstrated through existing rights that give the ability to direct relevant activities, those which significantly affect the entityâs returns.
Investments in subsidiaries are carried at cost. The cost comprises price paid to acquire investment and directly attributable cost.
On the date of transition to Ind AS, the Company has considered the carrying value of investment in subsidiaries as per previous GAAP to be the deemed cost as per Ind AS 101.
(n) Offsetting financial instruments
Financial assets and liabilities are offset and the net amount is reported in the balance sheet where there is a legally enforceable right to offset the recognised amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis or realise the asset and settle the liability simultaneously. The legally enforceable right must not be contingent on future events and must be enforceable in the normal course of business and in the event of default, insolvency or bankruptcy of the Company or the counter party.
(o) Property, plant and equipment
Freehold land is carried at historical cost. All other items of property, plant and equipment are stated at historical cost less depreciation. Historical cost includes expenditure that is directly attributable to the acquisition of the items.
Subsequent costs are included in the assetâs carrying amount or recognised as a separate asset, as appropriate, only when it is probable that future economic benefits associated with the item will flow to the Company and the cost of the item can be measured reliably. The carrying amount of any component accounted for as a separate asset is derecognised when replaced. All other repairs and maintenance are charged to the statement of profit and loss during the reporting period in which they are incurred.
Transition to Ind AS
On transition to Ind AS, the Company has elected to continue with the carrying value of all of its property, plant and equipment recognised as at April 1, 2016 measured as per the previous GAAP and use that carrying value as the deemed cost of the property, plant and equipment.
Depreciation methods, estimated useful lives and residual value
Depreciation on property, plant and equipment has been provided at the Straight Line Method on the basis of useful life of assets as prescribed in part C of Schedule II of the Companies Act, 2013 to allocate their cost, net of their residual values, over their estimated useful lives as follows-
- Freehold Building 30 years
- Plant and Machinery 10-15 years
- Furniture and Fixtures 10 years
- Vehicles 8 years
- Office Equipments 5 years
- Computers & Data processing units 3-6 years
Depreciation on additions and deletion during the year has been provided on pro rata basis with reference to the date of addition and deletion.
In respect of certain items of plant and machinery, depereciation is provided for based on number of shifts worked during the year.
The property, plant and equipment acquired under finance leases is depreciated over the assetâs useful life or over the shorter of the assetâs useful life and the lease term if there is no reasonable certainty that the Company will obtain ownership at the end of the lease term.
The assetsâ residual values and useful lives are reviewed, and adjusted if appropriate, at the end of each reporting period.
Gains and losses on disposals are determined by comparing proceeds with carrying amount. These are included in the statement of profit and loss within other income or other expenses.
Advances paid towards the acquisition of property, plant and equipment outstanding at each balance sheet date is classified as capital advances under non-current assets.
(p) Intangible assets
Intangible assets that are acquired by the Company are measured initially at cost. All intangible assets are with finite useful lives and are measured at cost less accumulated amortisation.
Amortisation and useful lives
Intangible assets are amortised over the useful life and assessed for impairment whenever there is an indication that the intangible asset may be impaired. The amortisation period and the amortisation method are reviewed at the end of each reporting period. The amortisation expense on intangible assets is recognised in the statement of profit and loss unless such expenditure forms part of carrying value of another asset.
Intangible assets comprise computer software having an estimated useful life of 4 years.
Transition to Ind AS
On transition to Ind AS, the Company has elected to continue with the carrying value of all of intangible assets recognised as at April 1, 2016 measured as per the previous GAAP and use that carrying value as the deemed cost of intangible assets.
(q) Trade and other payables
These amounts represent liabilities for goods and services provided to the Company prior to the end of financial year which are unpaid. Trade and other payables are presented as current liabilities unless payment is not due within 12 months after the reporting period. They are recognised initially at their fair value and subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method.
(r) Borrowings
Borrowings are initially recognised at fair value, net of transaction costs incurred. Borrowings are subsequently measured at amortised cost. Any difference between the proceeds (net of transaction costs) and the redemption amount is recognised in the statement of profit and loss over the period of the borrowings using the effective interest method. Fees paid on the establishment of loan facilities are recognised as transaction costs of the loan to the extent that it is probable that some or all of the facility will be drawn down. In this case, the fee is deferred until the draw down occurs. Borrowings are classified as current liabilities unless the Company has an unconditional right to defer settlement of the liability for at least 12 months after the reporting period.
(s) Borrowing costs
General and specific borrowing costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of a qualifying asset are capitalised during the period of time that is required to complete and prepare the asset for its intended use or sale. Qualifying assets are assets that necessarily take a substantial period of time to get ready for their intended use or sale.
Investment income earned on the temporary investment of specific borrowings pending their expenditure on qualifying assets is deducted from the borrowing costs eligible for capitalisation.
Other borrowing costs are expensed in the period in which they are incurred.
(t) Provisions and Contingent Liabilities
Provisions are recognised when the Company has a present legal or constructive obligation as a result of past events, it is probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation and the amount can be reliably estimated. Provisions are not recognised for future operating losses.Where there are a number of similar obligations, the likelihood that an outflow will be required in settlement is determined by considering the class of obligations as a whole. A provision is recognised even if the likelihood of an outflow with respect to any one item included in the same class of obligations may be small.
Provisions are measured at the present value of managementâs best estimate of the expenditure required to settle the present obligation at the end of the reporting period. The discount rate used to determine the present value is a pre-tax rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the liability. The increase in the provision due to the passage of time is recognised as interest expense.
Contingent Liabilities: Contingent liabilities are disclosed when:
- there is a possible obligation arising from past events, the existence of which will be confirmed only by the occurrence or non-occurrence of one or more uncertain future events not wholly within the control of the Company, or
- a present obligation that arises from past events where it is either not probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle or a reliable estimate of the amount cannot be made.
(u) Employee benefits
(i) Short-term obligations
Liabilities for wages and salaries, including nonmonetary benefits that are expected to be settled wholly within 12 months after the end of the period in which the employees render the related service are recognised in respect of employeesâ services up to the end of the reporting period and are measured at the amounts expected to be paid when the liabilities are settled. The liabilities are presented as current employee benefit obligations in the balance sheet.
(ii) Other long-term employee benefit obligations
The liabilities for leave are not expected to be settled wholly within 12 months after the end of the period in which the employees render the related service. They are therefore measured as the present value of expected future payments to be made in respect of services provided by employees up to the end of the reporting period using the projected unit credit method.The benefits are discounted using the market yields at the end of the reporting period that have terms approximating to the terms of the related obligation. Re-measurements as a result of experience adjustments and changes in actuarial assumptions are recognised in the statement of profit and loss.
The obligations are presented as current liabilities in the balance sheet if the entity does not have an unconditional right to defer settlement for at least twelve months after the reporting period, regardless of when the actual settlement is expected to occur.
(iii) Post-employment obligations
The Company operates the following postemployment schemes: (a) defined benefit gratuity plan (b) defined contribution plans (provident fund).
Gratuity obligations
The Company contributes to the Gratuity Fund managed by the Life Insurance Corporation of India under its Company Gratuity (Cash Accumulation) Scheme.
The liability or asset recognised in the balance sheet in respect of defined benefit gratuity plan is the present value of the defined benefit obligation at the end of the reporting period less the fair value of plan assets. The defined benefit obligation is calculated annually by actuaries using the projected unit credit method.
The present value of the defined benefit obligation denominated in INR is determined by discounting the estimated future cash outflows by reference to market yields at the end of the reporting period on government bonds that have terms approximating to the terms of the related obligation.
The net interest cost is calculated by applying the discount rate to the net balance of the defined benefit obligation and the fair value of plan assets. This cost is included in employee benefit expense in the statement of profit and loss.
Re-measurement gains and losses arising from experience adjustments and changes in actuarial assumptions are recognised in the period in which they occur, directly in other comprehensive income. They are included in retained earnings in the statement of changes in equity and in the balance sheet.
Changes in the present value of the defined benefit obligation resulting from plan amendments or curtailments are recognised immediately in the statement of profit and loss as past service cost.
Defined contribution plans
The Company pays provident fund contributions to publicly administered provident funds as per local regulations. The Company has no further payment obligations once the contributions have been paid. The contributions are accounted for as defined contribution plans and the contributions are recognised as employee benefit expense when they are due. Prepaid contributions are recognised as an asset to the extent that a cash refund or a reduction in the future payments is available.
(v) Contributed equity
Equity shares are classified as equity.
Incremental costs directly attributable to the issue of new shares or options are shown in equity as a deduction, net of tax, from the proceeds.
(w) Dividends
Provision is made for the amount of any dividend declared, being appropriately authorised and no longer at the discretion of the entity, on or before the end of the reporting period but not distributed at the end of the reporting period.
(x) Earnings per share
(i) Basic earnings per share/ Diluted earnings per share
Basic earnings per share/ Diluted earnings per shares calculated by dividing:
- the profit attributable to owners of the Company
- by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the financial year, adjusted for buy back of equity shares during the year (note 36).
(y) Fair value measurement
Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Normally at initial recognition, the transaction price is the best evidence of fair value.
However, when the Company determines that transaction price does not represent the fair value, it uses inter-alia valuation techniques that are appropriate in the circumstances and for which sufficient data are available to measure fair value, maximising the use of relevant observable inputs and minimising the use of unobservable inputs.
All financial assets and financial liabilities for which fair value is measured or disclosed in the financial statements are categorised within the fair value hierarchy. This categorisation is based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement as a whole:
- Level 1 â Quoted (unadjusted) market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
- Level 2 â Valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement is directly or indirectly observable.
- Level 3 â Valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement is unobservable.
Financial assets and financial liabilities that are recognised at fair value on a recurring basis, the Company determines whether transfers have occurred between levels in the hierarchy by re-assessing categorisation at the end of each reporting period.
(z) Rounding of amounts
All amounts disclosed in the standalone financial statements and notes have been rounded off to the nearest lakhs as per the requirement of Schedule III, unless otherwise stated.
Mar 31, 2017
1 General Information:
Mayur Uniquoters Limited (the Company), is engaged in the business of manufacturing of Coated Textile Fabric. The Company is the leading manufacturer of Coated Textile Fabric in India. The Company has its manufacturing units situated at Village-Jaitpura and Dhodsar, Jaipur (India). Knitted Fabric manufactured in Dhodsar plant is consumed largely as captive consumption. The products of the Company i.e. Coated Textile Fabric are widely used in different segments such as Footwear, Furnishings, Automotive OEM, Automotive replacement market, and Automotive Exports. The Company is selling its products directly to OEMs and other manufacturers, wholesalers in India and is also exporting to various countries including US & UK. The equity shares of the Company are presently listed with BSE Limited (BSE) and National Stock Exchange of India Limited (NSE)
2 Summary of Significant Accounting Policies:
(A) Basis of Preparation:
These financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the generally accepted accounting principles in India under the historical cost convention on accrual basis. These financial statements have been prepared to comply in all material aspects with the accounting standards notified under section 133 of the Companies Act 201 3, read with Rule 7 of the Companies (Accounts) Rules, 2014.
All assets and liabilities have been classified as current or non-current as per the Company''s normal operating cycle and other criteria set out in the Schedule III to the Companies Act, 2013
(B) Property, Plant and Equipment:
Property, plant and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and impairment, if any. Costs directly attributable to acquisition are capitalized until the property, plant and equipment are ready for use, as intended by the management.
- Depreciation:
(i) Depreciation on property, plant and equipment has been provided at the Straight Line Method on the basis of useful life of assets as prescribed in part C of Schedule II of the Companies Act, 2013.
(ii) Depreciation on additions and deletion during the year has been provided on pro rata basis with reference to the date of addition and deletion. Land & Site development has not been depreciated.
(iii) Depreciation has been provided on Triple Shift Basis
- For all coating lines at Jaitpura unit.
- For Knitting & Process and one coating line for Textile Div. at Dhodsar unit.
Depreciation has been provided on Single Shift Basis -For one coating line at Dhodsar unit.
(iv) From the date Schedule II of the Companies Act 2013 comes into effect, the carrying amount of the assets as on that date after retaining the residual value has been depreciated over the remaining useful life of the assets as per this Schedule.
(v) Depreciation methods, useful lives and residual values are reviewed periodically, at each financial year end. Advances paid towards the acquisition of property, plant and equipment outstanding at each Balance Sheet date is classified as capital advances under non-current assets and the cost of assets not put to use before such date are disclosed under âcapital work-in-progress''. Subsequent expenditures relating to property, plant and equipment are capitalized only when it is probable that future economic benefits associated with these will flow to the Company and the cost of the item can be measured reliably.
(C) Intangible Assets:
Intangible assets are stated at cost less accumulated amortization and impairment, if any. Costs directly attributable to acquisition are capitalized until the intangible assets are available for use, as intended by the management. Intangible assets (Computer Software) are amortized over the period of four years as per provision of AS-26
(D) Foreign Currency Transactions:
(i) Cost of imported material is converted to Indian currency at the rates applied in Bill of Entry for custom purposes.
(ii) The expenditure in foreign currency is accounted at the rates prevailing on the date of transaction.
(iii) The export sales are accounted for at the actual rates prevailing at the time of transaction.
(iv) Exchange fluctuation arising on repayment of long term liability incurred for the purpose of acquiring fixed assets is charged to Statement of Profit & Loss as per the provisions of AS-1 1.
(v) Balances of monetary items in foreign currency outstanding at the close of the year are converted in Indian currency at the appropriate rates of exchange prevailing on the date of the Balance Sheet.
(vi) Exchange rate difference between the prevailing rate on the date of transaction and on the date of settlement as also on conversion of monetary items in current assets and current liabilities at the end of the year are recognized as income & expense as the case may be in Statement of Profit & Loss.
(E) Inventories:
(i) Raw material, stores, spares & maintenance items, consumable goods, work-in-process and other goods are valued at lower of landed cost and net realizable value. The cost formula used is Weighted Average Cost. (The average has been calculated on each additional shipment is received.)
(ii) Finished goods are valued at cost or net realizable value, whichever is lower
(iii) The cost of imported raw material includes custom duties and other direct expenditure.
(iv) The cost of finished goods comprises of raw material cost (proportionate of selling price), manufacturing expenses, payment to & provision for employees, depreciation on Plant & Machinery and factory building (as cost per liner meter on production).
(F) Revenue Recognition:
Revenue is recognized only when it can be reliably measured and it is reasonable to expect ultimate collection. Dividend income is recognized when right to receive is established. Interest income is recognized on time proportion basis taking into account the amount outstanding and rate applicable. Sales within India are exclusive of sales tax but inclusive of excise duty & net of trade discount. Cut off date for accounting export sales is based on the date of Bill of Lading. Export sales are accounted for on FOB basis.
(G) Employees Benefits:
(i) The Company has defined contribution plan for its employees'' retirement benefits comprising of Provident Fund & Employees'' State Insurance Fund. The Company and eligible employees make monthly contribution to the above mentioned funds at a specified percentage of the covered employees salary. The Company recognizes its contribution as expense of the year in which the liability is incurred.
(ii) The Company has defined benefit plan comprising of Gratuity Fund & Leave Encashment. The Company contributes to the Gratuity and Leave Encashment Fund managed by the Life Insurance Corporation of India under its Group Gratuity (Cash Accumulation) Scheme and Group Leave Encashment Scheme. The liability for Gratuity & Leave Encashment is determined on the basis of independent actuarial valuation done at year end. Plan assets are measured at fair value as at Balance Sheet date.
(H) Borrowing Costs:
General and specific borrowing costs directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of qualifying assets, which are assets that necessarily take a substantial period of time to get ready for their intended use or sale, are added to the cost of those assets, until such time as the assets are substantially ready for their intended use or sale. All other borrowing cost are recognized in Statement of Profit & Loss in the period in which they are incurred.
(I) Taxation:
Income tax provision comprises current tax and deferred tax charge or credit. Provision for current tax is made on the assessable income at the tax rate applicable to the relevant assessment year. The deferred tax asset and liability is calculated by applying tax rate and tax laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the Balance Sheet date. Deferred tax assets arising mainly on account of unabsorbed depreciation under tax laws are recognized, only if there is a virtual certainty of its realization, supported by convincing evidence. Deferred tax assets on account of other timing differences are recognized, only to the extent there is a reasonable certainty of its realization. At each Balance Sheet date, the carrying amount of deferred assets is reviewed to reassure realization.
(J) Impairment:
The carrying amount of assets are reviewed at each Balance Sheet date if there is any indication of impairment based on internal as well as external factors. An impairment loss will be recognized wherever the carrying amount of an assets exceeds its estimated recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is greater of the assets net selling price and value in use. In assessing the value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to the present value at the Weighted Average cost of capital. After impairment, depreciation is provided on the revised carrying amount of the assets over the remaining useful life. Previously recognized impairment loss is further provided or reversed depending on changes in circumstances.
(K) Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets:
The Company recognizes a provision where there is a present obligation as a result of a past event that probably requires an outflow of resources and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation. A disclosure for a contingent liability is made when there is a possible obligation or a present obligation that may, but probably will not, require an outflow of resources. Where there is a possible obligation or a present obligation that the likelihood of outflow of resources is remote, no provision or disclosure is made. Contingent assets are neither recognized nor disclosed. Provisions, contingent liabilities and contingent assets are reviewed at each Balance Sheet date.
(L) Lease Transaction:
Lease payments under operating leases are recognized as an expense on a straight-line basis in the Statement of Profit & Loss over the lease term.
(M) Investments:
Investments are valued at cost, provision for diminution in the value of long term investments is made, only if such decline is other than temporary.
(N) Use of Estimates:
The preparation of financial statements requires estimates and assumptions to be made that affect the reported amount of assets and liabilities on the date of financial statements and the reported amount of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Difference between the actual results and estimates are recognized in the period in which the results are known/materialized.
(O)Cash and Cash Equivalents:
In the cash flow statement, cash and cash equivalents includes cash in hand, demand deposits with banks, other short-term highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less.
(P) Research and Development:
All revenue expenses pertaining to research and development are charged to Statement of Profit & Loss in the year in which they are incurred and expenditure of capital nature is capitalized as fixed assets, and depreciated as per the Company''s policy.
(Q) Government Grants:
The Company recognizes government grants only when there is reasonable assurance that the conditions attached to them shall be complied with, and the grants will be received. Government grants related to assets are treated as deferred income and are recognized in the Statement of Profit & Loss on as systematic and rational basis over the useful life of the assets. Government grants related to revenue are recognized on a systematic basis in net profit in the Statement of Profit & Loss over the periods necessary to match them with the related costs which they are intended to compensate.
Mar 31, 2015
(A) Basis of preparation:
These financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the
generally accepted accounting principles in India under the historical
cost convention on accrual basis.These financial statements have been
prepared to comply in all material aspects with the accounting
standards notified under section 21 1 (3C) [Companies(Accounting
Standards) Rules,2006,as amended] and the other relevant provisions of
the Companies Act,1956.
All assets and liabilities have been classified as current or
non-current as per the Company's normal operating cycle and other
criteria set out in the Schedule VI to the Companies Act,1956.
(B) Tangible Assets:
Tangible Assets are stated at Cost which includes cost of
acquisitions,installaton,direct costs and borrowing cost incurred up to
the date of commissioning.
(C) Depreciation:
(I) Depreciation has been provided at the SLM rates as prescribed by
Schedule XIV of the Companies Act, 1956.
(ii) Depreciation on additions and deletion during the year has been
provided on pro rata basis with reference to the date of addition and
deletion. Land & Site development has not been depreciated.
(iii) Depreciation has been provided on Triple Shift Basis
- For all coating lines at Jaitpura unit.
- For Knitting & Process line for Textile Div.at Dhodsar unit.
Depreciation has been provided on Single Shift Basis
- For coating line at Dhodsar unit.
(D) Foreign Currency Transactions:
(I) Cost of imported material is converted to Indian currency at the
rates applied in Bill of Entry for Custom purposes.
(ii) The expenditure in Foreign Currency is accounted at the rates
prevailing on the date of transaction.
(iii) The Export Sales are accounted for at the actual rates prevailing
at the time of transaction.
(iv) Exchange Fluctuation arising on repayment of Long Term Liability
incurred for the purpose of acquiring Fixed Assets is charged to Profit
& Loss Account as per the provisions of AS-1 1.
(v) Balances of Monetary items in Foreign Currency outstanding at the
close of the year are converted in Indian currency at the appropriate
rates of exchange prevailing on the date of the Balance Sheet.
(vi) Exchange rate difference between the prevailing rate on the date
of transaction and on the date of settlement as also on conversion of
monetary items in Current Assets and Current Liabilities at the end of
the year are recognized as income & expense as the case may be in
Profit & Loss Account.
(E) Inventories:
(I) Raw material,stores,spares & maintenance items, consumable goods,
work-in-process and other goods are valued at lower of landed cost and
Net Realizable Value.The cost formula used is FIFO for all items except
for maintenance items for which the cost formula used is weighted
Average Cost.
(ii) Finished goods are valued at Cost or Net Realizable value,
Whichever is lower.
(iii) The cost of imported raw material includes custom duties and
other direct expenditure.
(iv) The cost of finished goods comprises of Raw material cost
(proportionate of selling price), Manufacturing Expenses, payment to &
provision for employees, Depreciation on Plant & Machinery and factory
building (as cost per liner meter on production).
(F) Revenue Recognition:
Revenue is recognized only when it can be reliably measured and it is
reasonable to expect ultimate collection. Dividend income is recognized
when right to receive is established. Interest income is recognized on
time proportion basis taking into account the amount outstanding and
rate applicable. Sales Within India are exclusive of Sales Tax but
inclusive of Excise Duty & net of Trade Discount. Cut off date for
accounting Export Sales is based on the date of Bill of Lading. Export
Sales are accounted for on FOB basis.
(G) Employees Benefits:
(I) The Company has Defined Contribution Plan for its employees'
retirement benefits comprising of Provident Fund & Employees' State
Insurance Fund.The Company and eligible employees make monthly
contribution to the above mentioned funds at a specified percentage of
the covered employees salary.The Company recognizes its contribution as
expense of the year in which the liability is incurred.
(ii) The Company has Defined Benefit Plan comprising of Gratuity Fund &
Leave Encashment. The Company contributes to the Gratuity and leave
encashment fund managed by the Life Insurance Corporation of India
under its Group Gratuity (Cash Accumulation) Scheme and Group Leave
Encashment Scheme. The liability for Gratuity & leave Encashment is
determined on the basis of independent actuarial valuation done at year
end. Plan assets are measured at fair value as at Balance Sheet Date.
(H) Borrowing Costs:
General and specific borrowing costs directly attributable to the
acquisition .construction or production of qualifying assets, which are
assets that necessarily take a substantial period of time to get ready
for their intended use or sale, are added to the cost of those assets,
until such time as the assets are substantially ready for their
intended use or sale. All other borrowing cost are recognized in
statement of Profit and Loss in the period in which they are incurred.
(I) Taxation:
Income Tax provision comprises Current Tax and Deferred Tax charge or
credit. Provision for Current Tax is made on the assessable income at
the tax rate applicable to the relevant AssessmentYear.The Deferred Tax
asset and liability is calculated by applying tax rate and tax laws
that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the Balance Sheet
date. Deferred Tax assets arising mainly on account of unabsorbed
depreciation under tax laws are recognized, only if there is a virtual
certainty of its realization, supported by convincing evidence.
Deferred Tax assets on account of other timing differences are
recognised,only to the extent there is a reasonable certainty of its
realization. At each Balance Sheet date, the carrying amount of
deferred assets is reviewed to reassure realization.
(J) Impairment:
The Carrying amount of assets are reviewed at each Balance Sheet date
if there is any indication of impairment based on internal as well as
external factors. An impairment loss will be recognized wherever the
carrying amount of an Assets exceeds its Estimated recoverable
amount.The recoverable amount is greater of the Assets net selling
price and value in use. In assessing the value in use, the estimated
future Cash Flows are discounted to the present value at the Weighted
Average cost of capital. After impairment, depreciation is provided on
the revised carrying amount of the assets over the remaining useful
life. Previously recognized impairment loss is further provided or
reversed depending on changes in circumstances.
(K) Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets
The Company recognizes a provision where there is a present obligation
as a result of a past event that probably requires an outflow of
resources and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the
obligation. A Disclosure for a contingent liability is made when there
is a possible obligation or a present obligation that may, but probably
will not, require an outflow of resources. Where there is a possible
obligation or a present obligation that the likelihood of outflow of
resources is remote, no provision or disclosure is made. Contingent
assets are neither recognized nor disclosed.Provisions,contingent
liabilities and contingent assets are reviewed at each balance sheet
date.
(L) Lease Transaction
For assets taken on operating lease,lease rentals payable are charged
to revenue.
(M) Investments
Investments are valued at cost,Provision for diminution in the value of
long term investments is made,only if such decline is other than
temporary.
(N) Use of Estimates:
The preparation of financial statements requires estimates and
assumptions to be made that affect the reported amount of assets and
liabilities on the date of financial statements and the reported amount
of revenues and expenses during the reporting period.Difference between
the actual results and estimates are recognized in the period in which
the results are known/materialized.
(O) Cash and Cash Equivalents
In the cash Flow statement, cash and cash equivalents includes cash in
hand, demand deposits with banks, other short-term highly liquid
investments with original maturities of three months or less.
(P) Research and Development
All revenue expenses pertaining to research and development are charged
to profit and loss account in the year in which they are incurred and
expenditure of capital nature is capitalized as fixed assets, and
depreciated as per the Company's policy.
Mar 31, 2014
(A) Basis of preparation:
These financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the
generally accepted accounting principles in India under the historical
cost convention on accrual basis.These financial statements have been
prepared to comply in all material aspects with the accounting
standards notified under section 21 1 (3C) [Companies(Accounting
Standards) Rules,2006,as amended] and the other relevant provisions of
the Companies Act,1956.
All assets and liabilities have been classified as current or
non-current as per the Company's normal operating cycle and other
criteria set out in the Schedule VI to the Companies Act,1956.
(B) Tangible Assets:
Tangible Assets are stated at Cost which includes cost of
acquisitions,installaton,direct costs and borrowing cost incurred up to
the date of commissioning.
(C) Depreciation:
(I) Depreciation has been provided at the SLM rates as prescribed by
Schedule XIV of the Companies Act, 1956.
(ii) Depreciation on additions and deletion during the year has been
provided on pro rata basis with reference to the date of addition and
deletion. Land & Site development has not been depreciated.
(iii) Depreciation has been provided on Triple Shift Basis
- For all coating lines at Jaitpura unit.
- For Knitting & Process line for Textile Div.at Dhodsar unit.
Depreciation has been provided on Single Shift Basis
- For coating line at Dhodsar unit.
(D) Foreign Currency Transactions:
(I) Cost of imported material is converted to Indian currency at the
rates applied in Bill of Entry for Custom purposes.
(ii) The expenditure in Foreign Currency is accounted at the rates
prevailing on the date of transaction.
(iii) The Export Sales are accounted for at the actual rates prevailing
at the time of transaction.
(iv) Exchange Fluctuation arising on repayment of Long Term Liability
incurred for the purpose of acquiring Fixed Assets is charged to Profit
& Loss Account as per the provisions of AS-1 1.
(v) Balances of Monetary items in Foreign Currency outstanding at the
close of the year are converted in Indian currency at the appropriate
rates of exchange prevailing on the date of the Balance Sheet.
(vi) Exchange rate difference between the prevailing rate on the date
of transaction and on the date of settlement as also on conversion of
monetary items in Current Assets and Current Liabilities at the end of
the year are recognized as income & expense as the case may be in
Profit & Loss Account.
(E) Inventories:
(I) Raw material,stores,spares & maintenance items, consumable goods,
work-in-process and other goods are valued at lower of landed cost and
Net Realizable Value.The cost formula used is FIFO for all items except
for maintenance items for which the cost formula used is weighted
Average Cost.
(ii) Finished goods are valued at Cost or Net Realizable value,
Whichever is lower.
(iii) The cost of imported raw material includes custom duties and
other direct expenditure.
(iv) The cost of finished goods comprises of Raw material cost
(proportionate of selling price), Manufacturing Expenses, payment to &
provision for employees, Depreciation on Plant & Machinery and factory
building (as cost per liner meter on production).
(F) Revenue Recognition:
Revenue is recognized only when it can be reliably measured and it is
reasonable to expect ultimate collection. Dividend income is recognized
when right to receive is established. Interest income is recognized on
time proportion basis taking into account the amount outstanding and
rate applicable. Sales Within India are exclusive of Sales Tax but
inclusive of Excise Duty & net of Trade Discount. Cut off date for
accounting Export Sales is based on the date of Bill of Lading. Export
Sales are accounted for on FOB basis.
(G) Employees Benefits:
(I) The Company has Defined Contribution Plan for its employees'
retirement benefits comprising of Provident Fund & Employees' State
Insurance Fund.The Company and eligible employees make monthly
contribution to the above mentioned funds at a specified percentage of
the covered employees salary.The Company recognizes its contribution as
expense of the year in which the liability is incurred.
(ii) The Company has Defined Benefit Plan comprising of Gratuity Fund &
Leave Encashment. The Company contributes to the Gratuity and leave
encashment fund managed by the Life Insurance Corporation of India
under its Group Gratuity (Cash Accumulation) Scheme and Group Leave
Encashment Scheme. The liability for Gratuity & leave Encashment is
determined on the basis of independent actuarial valuation done at year
end. Plan assets are measured at fair value as at Balance Sheet Date.
(H) Borrowing Costs:
General and specific borrowing costs directly attributable to the
acquisition .construction or production of qualifying assets, which are
assets that necessarily take a substantial period of time to get ready
for their intended use or sale, are added to the cost of those assets,
until such time as the assets are substantially ready for their
intended use or sale. All other borrowing cost are recognized in
statement of Profit and Loss in the period in which they are incurred.
(I) Taxation:
Income Tax provision comprises Current Tax and Deferred Tax charge or
credit. Provision for Current Tax is made on the assessable income at
the tax rate applicable to the relevant AssessmentYear.The Deferred Tax
asset and liability is calculated by applying tax rate and tax laws
that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the Balance Sheet
date. Deferred Tax assets arising mainly on account of unabsorbed
depreciation under tax laws are recognized, only if there is a virtual
certainty of its realization, supported by convincing evidence.
Deferred Tax assets on account of other timing differences are
recognised,only to the extent there is a reasonable certainty of its
realization. At each Balance Sheet date, the carrying amount of
deferred assets is reviewed to reassure realization.
(J) Impairment:
The Carrying amount of assets are reviewed at each Balance Sheet date
if there is any indication of impairment based on internal as well as
external factors. An impairment loss will be recognized wherever the
carrying amount of an Assets exceeds its Estimated recoverable
amount.The recoverable amount is greater
of the Assets net selling price and value in use. In assessing the
value in use, the estimated future Cash Flows are discounted to the
present value at the Weighted Average cost of capital. After
impairment, depreciation is provided on the revised carrying amount of
the assets over the remaining useful life. Previously recognized
impairment loss is further provided or reversed depending on changes in
circumstances.
(K) Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets
The Company recognizes a provision where there is a present obligation
as a result of a past event that probably requires an outflow of
resources and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the
obligation. A Disclosure for a contingent liability is made when there
is a possible obligation or a present obligation that may, but probably
will not, require an outflow of resources. Where there is a possible
obligation or a present obligation that the likelihood of outflow of
resources is remote, no provision or disclosure is made. Contingent
assets are neither recognized nor disclosed.Provisions,contingent
liabilities and contingent assets are reviewed at each balance sheet
date.
(L) Lease Transaction
For assets taken on operating lease,lease rentals payable are charged
to revenue.
(M) Investments
Investments are valued at cost,Provision for diminution in the value of
long term investments is made,only if such decline is other than
temporary.
(N) Use of Estimates:
The preparation of financial statements requires estimates and
assumptions to be made that affect the reported amount of assets and
liabilities on the date of financial statements and the reported amount
of revenues and expenses during the reporting period.Difference between
the actual results and estimates are recognized in the period in which
the results are known/materialized.
(O) Cash and Cash Equivalents
In the cash Flow statement, cash and cash equivalents includes cash in
hand, demand deposits with banks, other short-term highly liquid
investments with original maturities of three months or less.
(P) Research and Development
All revenue expenses pertaining to research and development are charged
to profit and loss account in the year in which they are incurred and
expenditure of capital nature is capitalized as fixed assets, and
depreciated as per the Company's policy.
Mar 31, 2013
(A) Basis of Preparation
These financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the
generally accepted accounting principles in India under the historical
cost convention on accrual basis.These financial statements have been
prepared to comply in all material aspects with the accounting
standards notified under section 21 I (3C)[Companies(Accounting
Standards) Rules,2006,as amended] and the other relevant provisions of
the Companies Act, 1956.
All assets and liabilities have been classified as current or
non-current as per the Company''s normal operating cycle and other
criteria set out in the Schedule VI to the Companies Act, 1956.
(B) Tangible Assets
Tangible assets are stated at cost which includes cost of
acquisitions,installation, direct costs and borrowing cost incurred up
to the date of commissioning.
(C) Depreciation
(i) Depreciation has been provided at the SLM rates as prescribed by
Schedule XIV of the Companies Act, 1956.
(ii) Depreciation has been provided on Triple Shift Basis for Jaitpura
Unit and Single shift basis for Dhodsar Unit (Textile Div.)
(iii) Depreciation on additions and deletion during the year has been
provided on pro rata basis with reference to the date of addition and
deletion.
(iv) Land & Site development has not been depreciated.
(D) Foreign Currency Transactions
(i) Cost of imported material is converted to indian currency at the
rates applied in Bill of Entry for custom purposes.
(ii) The expenditure in foreign currency is accounted at the rates
prevailing on the date of transaction.
(iii) The export sales are accounted for at the actual rates prevailing
at the time of transaction.
(iv) Exchange fluctuation arising on repayment of long term liability
incurred for the purpose of acquiring fixed assets is charged to Profit
& Loss Account as per the provisions of AS-11.
(v) Balances of monetary items in foreign currency outstanding at the
close of the year are converted in indian currency at the appropriate
rates of exchange prevailing on the date of the Balance Sheet.
(vi) Exchange rate difference between the prevailing rate on the date
of transaction and on the date of settlement as also on conversion of
monetary items in current assets and current liabilities at the end of
the year are recognized as income & expense as the case may be in
Profit & Loss Account.
(E) Inventories
(i) Raw material,stores,spares & maintenance items, consumable goods,
work-in-process and other goods are valued at lower of landed cost and
net realizable value.The cost formula used is FIFO for all items except
for maintenance items for which the cost formula used is weighted
average cost.
(ii) Finished goods are valued at cost or net realizable value,
whichever is lower.
(iii) The cost of imported raw material includes custom duties and
other direct expenditure.
(iv) The cost of finished goods comprises of raw material cost
(proportionate of selling price), manufacturing expenses, payment to &
provision for employees, depreciation on plant & machinery and factory
building (as cost per liner meter on production).
(F) Revenue Recognition
Revenue is recognized only when it can be reliably measured and it is
reasonable to expect ultimate collection. Dividend income is recognized
when right to receive is established. Interest income is recognized on
time proportion basis taking into account the amount outstanding and
rate applicable. Sales within india are exclusive of sales tax but
inclusive of excise duty & net of trade discount. Cut off date for
accounting export sales is based on the date of Bill of Lading. Export
sales are accounted for on FOB basis.
(G) Employees Benefits
(i) The Company has defined contribution plan for its employees''
retirement benefits comprising of provident fund & Employees'' State
Insurance Fund.The Company and eligible employees make monthly
contribution to the above mentioned funds at a specified percentage of
the covered employees salary. The Company recognizes its contribution
as expense of the year in which the liability is incurred.
(ii) The Company has defined benefit plan comprising of Gratuity Fund &
Leave Encashment. The Company contributes to the Gratuity and Leave
Encashment Fund managed by the Life Insurance Corporation of India
under its Group Gratuity (Cash Accumulation) Scheme and Group Leave
Encashment Scheme.The liability for Gratuity & Leave Encashment is
determined on the basis of independent actuarial valuation done at year
end. Plan assets are measured at fair value as at Balance Sheet date.
(H) Borrowing Costs
General and specific borrowing costs directly attributable to the
acquisition, construction or production of qualifying assets, which are
assets that necessarily take a substantial period of time to get ready
for their intended use or sale, are added to the cost of those assets,
until such time as the assets are substantially ready for their
intended use or sale. All other borrowing cost are recognized in
statement of Profit and Loss in the period in which they are incurred.
(I) Taxation
Income tax provision comprises current tax and deferred tax charge or
credit, provision for current tax is made on the assessable income at
the tax rate applicable to the relevant assessment year. The deferred
tax asset and liability is calculated by applying tax rate and tax laws
that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the Balance Sheet
date. Deferred tax assets arising mainly on account of unabsorbed
depreciation under tax laws are recognized, only if there is a virtual
certainty of its realization, supported by convincing evidence.
Deferred tax assets on account of other timing differences are
recognised,only to the extent there is a reasonable certainty of its
realization. At each Balance Sheet date, the carrying amount of
deferred assets is reviewed to reassure realization.
(J) Impairment
The carrying amount of assets are reviewed at each Balance Sheet date
if there is any indication of impairment based on internal as well as
external factors. An impairment loss will be recognized wherever the
carrying amount of an Assets exceeds its estimated recoverable amount.
The recoverable amount is greater of the assets net selling price and
value in use. In assessing the value in use, the estimated future Cash
Flows are discounted to the present value at the weighted average cost
of capital. After impairment, depreciation is provided on the revised
carrying amount of the assets over the remaining useful life.
Previously recognized impairment loss is further provided or reversed
depending on changes in circumstances.
(K) Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets
The Company recognizes a provision where there is a present obligation
as a result of a past event that probably requires an outflow of
resources and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the
obligation. A disclosure for a contingent liability is made when there
is a possible obligation or a present obligation that may, but probably
will not, require an outflow of resources. Where there is a possible
obligation or a present obligation that the likelihood of outflow of
resources is remote, no provision or disclosure is made. Contingent
assets are neither recognized nor disclosed.Provisions,contingent
liabilities and contingent assets are reviewed at each balance sheet
date.
(L) Lease Transaction
For assets taken on operating lease,lease rentals payable are charged
to revenue.
(M) Investments
Investments are valued at cost, provision for diminution in the value
of long term investments is made,only if such decline is other than
temporary.
(N) Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements requires estimates and
assumptions to be made that affect the reported amount of assets and
liabilities on the date of financial statements and the reported amount
of revenues and expenses during the reporting period.Difference between
the actual results and estimates are recognized in the period in which
the results are known/materialized.
(O) Cash and Cash Equivalents
In the cash flow statement, cash and cash equivalents includes cash in
hand, demand deposits with banks, other short-term highly liquid
investments with original maturities of three months or less.
(P) Research and Development
All revenue expenses pertaining to research and development are charged
to Profit and loss account in the year in which they are incurred and
expenditure of capital nature is capitalized as fixed assets, and
depreciated as per the company''s policy.
Mar 31, 2012
(A) Basis of preparation
These financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the
generally accepted accounting principles in India under the historical
cost convention on accrual basis. These financial statements have been
prepared to comply in all material aspects with the accounting
standards notified under section 211 (3C)[Companies(Accounting
Standards) Rules,2006,as amended] and the other relevant provisions of
the Companies Act, 1956.
All assets and liabilities have been classified as current or
non-current as per the Company's normal operating cycle and other
criteria set out in the Schedule VI to the Companies Act, 1956.
(B) Tangible Assets
Tangible Assets are stated at Cost which includes cost of acquisitions,
installaton, direct costs and borrowing cost incurred up to the date of
commissioning.
(C) Depreciation
(i) Depreciation has been provided at the SLM rates as prescribed by
Schedule XIV of the Companies Act, 1956.
(ii) Depreciation has been provided on Triple Shift Basis.
(iii) Depreciation on additions and deletion during the year has been
provided on pro rata basis with reference to the date of addition and
deletion.
(iv) Land & Site development has not been depreciated.
(D) Foreign Currency Transactions
(i) Cost of imported material is converted to Indian currency at the
rates applied in Bill of Entry for Custom purposes.
(ii) The expenditure in Foreign Currency is accounted at the rates
prevailing on the date of transaction.
(iii) The Export Sales are accounted for at the actual rates prevailing
at the time of transaction.
(iv) Exchange Fluctuation arising on repayment of Long Term Liability
incurred for the purpose of acquiring Fixed Assets is charged to Profit
& Loss Account as per the provisions of AS-11.
(v) Balances of Monetary items in Foreign Currency outstanding at the
close of the year are converted in Indian currency at the appropriate
rates of exchange prevailing on the date of the Balance Sheet.
(vi) Exchange rate difference between the prevailing rate on the date
of transaction and on the date of settlement as also on conversion of
monetary items in Current Assets and Current Liabilities at the end of
the year are recognized as income & expense as the case may be in
Profit & Loss Account.
(E) Inventories
(i) Raw material, stores, spares & maintenance items, consumable
goods, work-in-process and other goods are valued at lower of landed
cost and Net Realizable Value. The cost formula used is FIFO for all
items except for maintenance items for which the cost formula used is
weighted Average Cost.
(ii) Finished goods are valued at Cost or Net Realizable value,
Whichever is lower.
(iii) The cost of imported raw material includes custom duties and
other direct expenditure.
(iv) The cost of finished goods comprises of Raw material cost
(proportionate of selling price), Manufacturing Expenses, payment to &
provision for employees, Depreciation on Plant & Machinery and factory
building (as cost per liner meter on production).
(F) Revenue Recognition
Revenue is recognized only when it can be reliably measured and it is
reasonable to expect ultimate collection. Dividend income is recongnized
when right to receive is established. interest income is recongnized on
time proportion basis taking into account the amount outstanding and
rate applicable. Sales Within India are exclusive of Sales Tax but
inclusive of Excise Duty & net of Trade Discount .Cut off date for
accounting Export Sales is based on the date of Bill of Lading. Export
Sales are accounted for on FOB basis.
(G) Employees Benefits
(i) The Company has Defined Contribution Plan for its employees'
retirement benefits comprising of Provident Fund & Employees' State
Insurance Fund. The Company and eligible employees make monthly
contribution to the above mentioned funds at a specified percentage of
the covered employees salary. The Company recognizes its contribution as
expense of the year in which the liability is incurred.
(ii) The Company has Defined Benefit Plan comprising of Gratuity Fund &
Leave Encashment. The Company contributes to the Gratuity and leave
encashment fund managed by the Life Insurance Corporation of India
under its Group Gratuity (Cash Accumulation) Scheme and Group Leave
Encashment Scheme .The liability for Gratuity & leave Encashment is
determined on the basis of independent actuarial valuation done at year
end. Plan assets are measured at fair value as at Balance Sheet Date.
(H) Borrowing Costs
General and specific borrowing costs directly attributable to the
acquisition .construction or production of qualifying assets, which are
assets that necessarily take a substantial period of time to get ready
for their intended use or sale, are added to the cost of those
assets, until such time as the assets are substantially ready for their
intended use or sale.AII other borrowing cost are recognised in
statement of Profit and Loss in the period in which they are incurred.
(I) Taxation
Income Tax provision comprises Current Tax and Deferred Tax charge or
credit. Provision for Current Tax is made on the assessable income at
the tax rate applicable to the relevant Assessment Year. The Deferred
Tax asset and liability is calculated by applying tax rate and tax laws
that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the Balance Sheet
date. Deferred Tax assets arising mainly on account of unabsorbed
depreciation under tax laws are recognized, only if there is a virtual
certainty of its realization, supported by convincing evidence. Deferred
Tax assets on account of other timing differences are recognised, only
to the extent there is a reasonable certainty of its realization. At
each Balance Sheet date, the carrying amount of deferred assets is
reviewed to reassure realization.
(J) Impairment
The Carrying amount of assets are reviewed at each Balance Sheet date
if there is any indication of impairment based on internal as well as
external factors. An impairment loss will be recognised wherever the
carrying amount of an Assets exceeds its Estimated recoverable amount.
The recoverable amount is greater of the Assets net selling price and
value in use. In assessing the value in use, the estimated future Cash
Flows are discounted to the present value at the Weighted Average cost
of capital. After impairment, depreciation is provided on the revised
carrying amount of the assets over the remaining useful life. Previously
recognized impairment loss is further provided or reversed depending on
changes in circumstances.
(K) Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets
The Company recognizes a provision where there is a present obligation
as a result of a past event that probably requires an outflow of
resources and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the
obligation .A Disclosure for a contingent liability is made when there
is a possible obligation or a present obligation that may, but probably
will not, require an outflow of resources. Where there is a possible
obligation or a present obligation that the likelihood of outflow of
resources is remote. no provision or disclosure is made. Contingent
assets are neither recognized nor disclosed. Provisions, contingent
liabilities and contingent assets are reviewed at each balance sheet
date.
(L) Lease Transaction
For assets taken on operating lease, lease rentals payable are charged
to revenue.
(M) Investments
Investments are valued at cost, Provision for diminution in the value of
long term investments is made, only if such decline is other than
temporary.
(N) Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements requires estimates and
assumptions to be made that affect the reported amount of assets and
liabilities on the date of financial statements and the reported amount
of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Difference between
the actual results and estimates are recognised in the period in which
the results are known/materialised.
(O) Cash and Cash Equivalents
In the cash Flow statement, cash and cash equivalents includes cash in
hand, demand deposits with banks, other short-term highly liquid
investments with original maturities of three months or less.
Mar 31, 2011
(A) System of Accounting:
The Company generally follows the mercantile system of accounting
except stated otherwise.
(B) Fixed Assets:
Fixed Assets are stated at Cost which includes cost of
acquisitions,installation,direct costs and borrowing cost incurred up
to the date of commissioning.
(C) Depreciation:
(i) Depreciation has been provided at the SLM rates as prescribed by
Schedule XIV of the Companies Act, 1956.
(ii) Depreciation has been provided on triple shift basis.
(iii) Depreciation on additions and deletion during the year has been
provided on pro rata basis with reference to the date of addition and
deletion.
(iv) Land & site development has not been depreciated.
(D) Foreign Currency Transactions:
(i) Cost of imported material is converted to Indian currency at the
rates applied in bill of entry for custom purposes.
(ii) The expenditure in foreign currency is accounted at the rates
prevailing on the date of transaction.
(iii) The export sales are accounted for at the actual rates prevailing
at the time of transaction.
(iv) Exchange fluctuation arising on repayment of long term liability
incurred for the purpose of acquiring fixed assets is charged to Profit
& Loss Account as per the provisions of AS-11.
(v) Balances of monetary items in foreign currency outstanding at the
close of the year are converted in indian currency at the appropriate
rates of exchange prevailing on the date of the Balance Sheet.
(vi) Exchange rate difference between the prevailing rate on the date
of transaction and on the date of settlement as also on conversion of
monetary items in current assets and current liabilities at the end of
the year are recognized as income & expense as the case may be in
Profit & Loss Account.
(E) Inventories:
(i) Raw material,stores,spares & maintenance items,consumable
goods,work-in-process and other goods are valued at lower of landed
cost and net realizable value.The cost formula used is FIFO for all
items except for maintenance items for which the cost formula used is
weighted average cost.
(ii) Finished goods are valued at cost or net realizable value,
whichever is lower.
(iii) The cost of imported raw material includes custom duties and
other direct expenditure.
(iv) The cost of finished goods comprises of raw material cost
(proportionate of selling price), manufacturing expenses,payment to &
provision for employees, depreciation on plant & machinery and factory
building (as cost per liner meter on production).
(F) Revenue Recognition:
All incomes are accounted on accrual basis generally.
(G) Employees Benefits:
(i) The Company has defined contribution plan for its employees
retirement benefits comprising of Provident Fund & Employees State
Insurance Fund. The Company and eligible employees make monthly
contribution to the above mentioned funds at a specified percentage of
the covered employees salary.The Company recognizes its contribution as
expense of the year in which the liability is incurred.
(ii) The Company has defined benefit plan comprising of Gratuity Fund &
Leave Encashment. The Company contributes to the Gratuity and Leave
Encashment Fund managed by the Life Insurance Corporation of India
under its Group Gratuity (Cash Accumulation) Scheme and Group Leave
Encashment Scheme.The liability for Gratuity & Leave Encashment is
determined on the basis of independent actuarial valuation done at year
end. Plan assets are measured at fair value as at Balance Sheet date.
(H) Sales:
(i) Sales within india are exclusive of sales tax but inclusive of
excise duty & net of trade discount. (ii) Cut off date for accounting
export sales is based on the date of bill of lading. (iii) Export
sales are accounted for on FOB basis.
(I) Taxation:
Income tax provision comprises current tax and deferred tax charge or
credit. Provision for current tax is made on the assessable income at
the tax rate applicable to the relevant assessment year.The deferred
tax asset and liability is calculated by applying tax rate and tax laws
that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the Balance Sheet
date. Deferred tax assets arising mainly on account of unabsorbed
depreciation under tax laws are recognized, only if there is a virtual
certainty of its realization,supported by convincing evidence.
Deferred tax assets on account of other timing differences are
recognised, only to the extent there is a reasonable certainty of its
realization. At each Balance Sheet date, the carrying amount of
deferred assets is reviewed to reassure realization.
(J) Impairment:
The carrying amount of assets are reviewed at each Balance Sheet date
if there is any indication of impairment based on internal as well
as.extemal factors. An impairment loss will be recognised wherever the
carrying amount of an assets exceeds its estimated recoverable amount.
The recoverable amount is greater of the assets net selling price and
value in use.In assessing the value in use,the estimated future cash
flows are discounted to the present value at the weighted average cost
of capital. After impairment, depreciation is provided on the revised
carrying amount of the assets over the remaining useful life.
Previously recognized impairment loss is further provided or reversed
depending on changes in circumstances.
(K) Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets:
The Company recognizes a provision where there is a present obligation
as a result of a past event that probably requires an outflow of
resources and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the
obligation. A disclosure for a contingent liability is made when there
is a possible obligation or a present obligation that may,but probably
will not,require an outflow of resources.Where there is a possible
obligation or a present obligation that the likelihood of outflow of
resources is remote,no provision or disclosure is made. Contingent
assets are neither recognized nor disclosed.Provisions,contingent
liabilities and contingent assets are reviewed at each Balance Sheet
date.
Mar 31, 2010
(A) System of Accounting:
The Company generally follows the mercantile system of accounting
except stated otherwise.
(B) Fixed Assets:
Fixed Assets are stated at Cost which includes cost of acquisitions,
installation, direct costs and borrowing cost incurred up to the date
of commissioning.
(C) Depreciation:
(i) Depreciation has been provided at the SLM rates as prescribed by
Schedule XIV of the Companies Act,1956.
(ii) Depreciation has been provided on Triple Shift Basis.
(iii) Depreciation on additions and deletion during the year has been
provided on pro rata basis with reference to the
date of addition and deletion. (iv) Land & Site development has not
been depreciated.
(D) Foreign Currency Transactions:
(i) Cost of imported material is converted to Indian currency at the
rates applied in Bill of Entry for Custom purposes.
(ii) The expenditure in Foreign Currency is accounted at the rates
prevailing on the date of transaction.
(iii) The Export Sales are accounted for at the actual rates prevailing
at the time of transaction.
(iv) Exchange Fluctuation arising on repayment of Long Term Liability
incurred for the purpose of acquiring Fixed
Assets is charged to Profit & Loss A/c as per the provisions of AS-11.
(v) Balances of Monetary items in Foreign Currency outstanding at the
close of the year are converted in Indian
currency at the appropriate rates of exchange prevailing on the date of
the Balance Sheet. (vi) Exchange rate difference between the
prevailing rate on the date of transaction and on the date of
settlement as
also on conversion of monetary items in Current Assets and Current
Liabilities at the end of the year are
recognized as income & expense as the case may be in Profit & Loss
Account.
(E) Inventories:
(i) Raw material, stores, spares & maintenance items, consumable goods,
work-in-process and other goods are
valued at lower of landed cost and Net Realizable Value. The cost
formula used is FIFO for all items except for
maintenance items for which the cost formula used is weighted Average
Cost. (ii) Finished goods are valued at Cost or Net Realizable value,
Whichever is lower. (iii) The cost of imported Raw material includes
custom duties and other direct expenditure. (iv) The cost of finished
goods comprises of Raw material cost (proportionate of selling price),
Manufacturing
Expenses, payment to & provision for employees, Depreciation on Plant &
Machinery and factory building (as
cost per liner meter on production).
(F) Revenue Recognition:
All incomes are accounted on accrual basis generally.
(C) Employees Benefits:
(i) The Company has Defined Contribution Plan for its employees
retirement benefits comprising of Provident Fund & Employees State
Insurance Fund. The Company and eligible employees make monthly
contribution to the above mentioned funds at a specified percentage of
the covered employees salary. The Company recognizes its contribution
as expense of the year in which the liability is incurred.
(ii) The Company has Defined Benefit Plan comprising of Gratuity Fund &
Leave Encashment. The Company contributes to the Gratuity and Leave
Encashment fund managed by the Life Insurance Corporation of India
under its Group Gratuity (Cash Accumulation) Scheme and Group Leave
Encashment Scheme. The liability for Gratuity & Leave Encashment is
determined on the basis of independent actuarial valuation done at year
end. Plan assets are measured at fair value as at Balance Sheet Date.
(H) Sales:
(i) Sales within India are exclusive of Sales Tax but inclusive of
Excise Duty & net of Trade Discount. (ii) Cut Off date for accounting
Export Sales is based on the date of Bill of Lading. (iii) Export
Sales are accounted for on FOB Basis.
(J) Taxation:
Income Tax provision comprises Current Tax and Deferred Tax charge or
credit. Provision for Current Tax is made on the assessable income at
the tax rate applicable to the relevant Assessment year. The Deferred
Tax asset and liability is calculated by applying tax rate and tax laws
that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the Balance Sheet
date. Deferred Tax assets arising mainly on account of
unabsorbeddepreciation under tax laws are recognized, only if there is
a virtual certainty of its realization, supported by convincing
evidence. Deferred Tax assets on account of other timing differences
are recognised, only to the extent there is a reasonable certainty of
its realization. At each Balance Sheet date, the carrying amount of
deferred assets is reviewed to reassure realization.
(J) Impairment:
The carrying amount of assets are reviewed at each Balance Sheet date
if there is any indication of impairment based on internal as well as
external factors. An impairment loss will be recognised wherever the
carrying amount of an assets exceeds its estimated recoverable amount.
The recoverable amount is greater of the assets net selling price and
value in use. In assessing the value in use, the estimated future Cash
Flows are discounted to the present value at the Weighted Average cost
of capital. After impairment, depreciation is provided on the revised
carrying amount of the assets over the remaining useful life.
Previously recognized impairment loss is further provided or reversed
depending on changes in circumstances.
(K) Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets
The Company recognizes a provision where there is a present obligation
as a result of a past event that probably requires an outflow of
resources and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the
obligation. A disclosure for a contingent liability is made when there
is a possible obligation or a present obligation that may, but probably
will not, require an outflow of resources. Where there is a possible
obligation or a present obligation that the likelihood of outflow of
resources is remote, no provision or disclosure is made. Contingent
assets are neither recognized nor disclosed. Provisions, contingent
liabilities and contingent assets are reviewed at each Balance Sheet
date.
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