Accounting Policies of KJMC Corporate Advisors (India) Ltd. Company

Mar 31, 2024

3. Summary of significant accounting policies

This note provides a list of the significant accounting policies adopted in the preparation of these financial statements. These policies have been consistently applied to all the years presented, unless otherwise stated

3.1 Revenue Recognition

In accordance with Ind AS-115, the revenue is recognized at a time when performance obligation is satisfied.

a) Fees for valuation and financial advisory services are accounted as and when the service is rendered provided there is reasonable certainty of its ultimate realisation. Revenue is net of applicable indirect taxes

b) I nterest Income on loan / deposits others are recognised on accrual basis, while Dividend / Interest on shares & securities are recognised when right to receive the Dividend are established.

c) Profit/(Loss) on sale of investment in shares and securities, are recognised upon transfer of control of such investment.

(a) Net gain on fair value changes

Investments are subsequently measured at fair value through other comprehensive income (FVOCI) or fair value through profit or loss (FVTPL), as applicable. The Company recognises gains/losses on fair value change of investments measured as FVOCI or FVTPL which is irreversible and even the realised gains/losses on subsequent sale of investments are recognized through FVOCI or FVTPL as applicable.

(i) Taxes

Incomes are recognised net of the Goods and Services Tax/Service Tax, wherever applicable. Transaction price is accounted net of GST. Since GST is not received by the company on its own account, rather, it is collected by the Company on behalf of the government. Accordingly, it is excluded from revenue.

3.2 Expenditures

(i) Finance costs

Borrowing costs on deposits taken are recognised using the EIR

(ii) Fees and commission expenses

Fees and commission expenses which are not directly linked to the sourcing of financial assets, such as commission/incentive incurred on value added services and products distribution, recovery charges and fees payable for management of portfolio etc., are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss on an accrual basis.

(iii) Taxes.

Expenses are recognised net of the Goods and Services Tax/Service Tax, except where credit for the input tax is not statutorily permitted.

3.3 Cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents include cash on hand and balance with banks in current account

3.4 Financial instruments

A financial instrument is defined as any contract that gives rise to a financial asset of one entity and a financial liability or equity instrument of another entity. Trade receivables and payables, loan receivables, investments in securities and subsidiaries, debt securities and other borrowings, preferential and equity capital etc. are some examples of financial instruments.

All the financial instruments are recognised on the date when the Company becomes party to the contractual provisions of the financial instruments. For tradable securities, the Company recognises the financial instruments on settlement date.

(i) Financial Assets

Financial assets include cash, or an equity instrument of another entity, or a contractual right to receive cash or another financial asset from another entity. Few examples of financial assets are loan receivables, investment in equity and debt instruments, trade receivables and cash and cash equivalents.

Initial measurement.

All financial assets are recognised initially at cost including transaction costs that are attributable to the acquisition of financial assets

Subsequent measurement

For the purpose of subsequent measurement, financial assets are classified into four categories

(a) Debt instruments at FVOCI

(b) Debt & Equity instruments at FVTPL

(c) Equity instruments designated at FVOCI

(a) Debt instruments at FVOCI

The Company subsequently classifies its financial assets as FVOCI, only if both of the following criteria are met:

• The objective of the business model is achieved both by collecting contractual cash flows and selling the financial assets; and

• Contractual terms of the asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are Solely Payments of Principal and Interest (SPPI) on the principal amount outstanding.

Debt instruments included within the FVOCI category are measured at each reporting date at fair value with such changes being recognised in other comprehensive income (OCI). The interest income on these assets is recognised in profit or loss.

(b) Debt and Equity instruments at FVTPL

The Company classifies financial assets which are held for trading under FVTPL category. Held for trading assets are recorded and measured in the Balance Sheet at fair value.

Interest and dividend incomes are recorded in interest income and dividend income, respectively according to the terms of the contract, or when the right to receive the same has been established. Gain and losses on changes in fair value of debt instruments are recognised on net basis through profit or loss.

The Company’s investments into equity (trading portfolio), mutual funds, Government securities (trading portfolio) and certificate of deposits for trading have been classified under this category.

(c) Equity investments designated under FVOCI

All equity investments in scope of Ind AS 109 ‘Financial Instruments’ are measured at fair value. The Company has strategic investments in equity for which it has elected to present subsequent changes in the fair value in other comprehensive income. The classification is made on initial recognition and is irrevocable.

All fair value changes of the equity instruments, excluding dividends, are recognised in OCI and not available for reclassification to profit or loss, even on sale of investments.

Impairment of Trade receivable and other financial assets

In accordance with IND_AS 109, the Company applied Expected Credit Loss (ECL) model for measurement and recognition of impairment loss.

The Company follows ‘simplified approach’ for recognition of impairment loss allowance on trade receivables. The application of simplified approach does not require the Company to track changes in credit risk. Rather it recognizes impairment loss allowance based on lifetime ECL at each reporting date, right from its initial recognition.

(ii) Financial liabilities

Financial liabilities include liabilities that represent a contractual obligation to deliver cash or another financial assets to another entity, or a contract that may or will be settled in the entities own equity instruments. Few examples of financial liabilities are trade payables, debt securities and other borrowings.

Initial measurement

All financial liabilities other than Deposits taken are recognised at cost. The Company’s financial liabilities include trade payables, other payables, debt securities and other borrowings.

Subsequent measurement

After initial recognition, all deposits taken subsequently measured at Net Present Value using the EIR [Refer note no. 3.1 (i)]. Any gains or losses arising on derecognition of liabilities are recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

Derecognition

The Company derecognises a financial liability when the obligation under the liability is discharged, cancelled or expired.

(iii) Offsetting of financial instruments

Financial assets and financial liabilities are offset and the net amount is reported in the Balance Sheet only if there is an enforceable legal right to offset the recognized amounts with an intention to settle on a net basis or to realize the assets and settle the liabilities simultaneously.

(iv) Investment in subsidiaries

I nvestment in subsidiaries is recognized at cost and are not adjusted to fair value at the end of each reporting period. Cost of investment represents amount paid for acquisition of the said investment.

The Company assesses at the end of each reporting period, if there are any indications that the said investment may be impaired. If so, the Company estimates the recoverable value/ amount of the investment and provides for impairment, if any i.e. the deficit in the recoverable value over cost.

3.5 Taxes

(a) Current tax

Current tax assets and liabilities are measured at the amount expected to be recovered from or paid to the taxation authorities, in accordance with the Income Tax Act, 1961 and the Income Computation and Disclosure Standards (ICDS) prescribed therein. The tax rates and tax laws used to compute the amount are those that are enacted or substantively enacted, at the reporting date.

Current tax relating to items recognized outside profit or loss is recognized in correlation to the underlying transaction either in OCI or directly in other equity. Management periodically evaluates positions taken in the tax returns with respect to situations in which applicable tax regulations are subject to interpretation and establishes provisions where appropriate.

(b) Deferred tax

Deferred tax is provided using the Balance Sheet approach on temporary differences between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their carrying amounts for financial reporting purposes at the reporting date.

Deferred tax liabilities are recognized for all taxable temporary differences and deferred tax assets are recognized for deductible temporary differences to the extent that it is probable that taxable profits will be available against which the deductible temporary differences can be utilized.

The carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reviewed at each reporting date and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profit will be available to allow all or part of the deferred tax asset to be utilized. Unrecognized deferred tax assets, if any, are reassessed at each reporting date and are recognized to the extent that it has become probable that future taxable profits will allow the deferred tax asset to be recovered.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the year when the asset is realized or the liability is settled, based on tax rates (and tax laws) that have been enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date.

Deferred tax relating to items recognized outside profit or loss is recognized either in OCI or in other equity.

Deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities are offset if a legally enforceable right exists to set off current tax assets against current tax liabilities and the deferred taxes relate to the same taxable entity and the same taxation authority.

3.6 Property, plant and equipment

Property, plant and equipment are carried at historical cost of acquisition less accumulated depreciation and impairment losses, consistent with the criteria specified in Ind AS 16 ‘Property, Plant and Equipment’.

Depreciation on property, plant and equipment

(a) Depreciation is provided on a pro-rata basis for all tangible assets on written down value method over the useful life of assets.

(b) Useful lives of assets are determined by the Management by an internal technical assessment except where such assessment suggests a life significantly different from those prescribed by Schedule II - Part C of the Companies Act, 2013 where the useful life is as assessed and certified by a technical expert.

(c) Depreciation on addition to assets and assets sold during the year is being provided for on a pro rata basis with reference to the month in which such asset is added or sold as the case may be.

(d) An item of property, plant and equipment and any significant part initially recognised is derecognised upon disposal or when no future economic benefits are expected from its use or disposal. Any gain or loss arising on derecognition of the asset (calculated as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset) is included under other income in the Statement of Profit and Loss when the asset is derecognised.

3.7 Intangible assets and amortisation thereof

Intangible assets, representing website development expenses are initially recognized at cost and subsequently carried at cost less accumulated amortization and accumulated impairment. The intangible assets are amortized using the straight line method over a period of three years, which is the Management’s estimate of its useful life.

3.8 Impairment of non-financial assets

An assessment is done at each Balance Sheet date to ascertain whether there is any indication that an asset may be impaired. If any such indication exists, an estimate of the recoverable amount of asset is determined. If the carrying value of relevant asset is higher than the recoverable amount, the carrying value is written down accordingly.

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Mar 31, 2015

A. Basis of Accounting:

These financial statements are prepared in accordance with Indian Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) under the historical cost convention on the accrual basis except for certain financial instruments which are measured at fair values. GAAP comprises mandatory accounting standards as prescribed under Section 133 of the Companies Act , 2013 ('Act') read with Rule 7 of the Companies (Accounts) Rules, 2014, the provisions of the Act (to the extent notified).Accounting policies have been consistently applied except where a newly issued accounting standard is initially adopted or a revision to an existing accounting standard requires a change in the accounting policy hitherto in use.

b. Use of estimates

The preparation of the financial statements, in conformity with the generally accepted accounting principles, requires estimates and assumptions to be made that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities on the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Differences between actual results and estimates are recognized in the period in which the results are known/ materialize.

c. Investments

I) Current Investments: Current investments are valued at the lower of cost arrived on weighted average basis or fair value.

ii) Non Current Investments: A provision is made for diminution other than temporary in nature. These are intended to be held for a period of more than one year from the date of the investment and are valued at cost. The cost is determined on Weighted Average Method basis.

d. Fixed Assets and Depreciation:

Tangible Fixed Assets:

Tangible Fixed Assets are stated at cost, net off accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses, if any. The cost comprises of purchase price, borrowing cost of capitalization and directly attributable cost of bringing the asset to its working condition for the intended use. Any trade discounts and rebates are deducted in arriving at the purchase price.

Depreciation is provided under the written down value method, at the rates and in the manner prescribed under Schedule II of the Companies Act, 2013.

Intangible Fixed Assets:

Intangible Fixed Assets are measured on initial recognition at cost. The cost of intangible assets acquired in an amalgamation in the nature of purchase is their fair value as at the date of amalgamation. Following initial recognition, intangible assets are recognized at cost less accumulated amortization. Intangible assets are amortized systematically on straight line basis over its useful life of 3 years.

e. Taxation:

Tax expense comprises of current and deferred tax. Current Income-tax is measured at the amount expected to be paid to the tax authorities in accordance with the Income-tax Act, 1961 enacted in India and tax laws prevailing in the respective tax jurisdictions where the company operates. The tax rates and tax laws used to compute the amount are those that are enacted or substantively enacted, at the reporting date.

Deferred income taxes reflect the impact of timing differences between taxable income and accounting income originating during the current year and reversal of timing differences for the earlier years. Deferred tax is measured using the tax rates and the tax laws enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date. Deferred tax liabilities are recognized for all taxable timing differences. Deferred tax assets are recognized for deductible timing differences only to the extent that there is reasonable certainty that sufficient future taxable income will be available against which such deferred tax assets can be realized.

f. Revenue Recognition:

Revenue from Professional fees & Consultancy charges, Income from Brokerage & other operations are recognized as and when there is reasonable certainty of its ultimate realization and on completion of the assignment.

Dividend:

Dividend Income is recognized when the Company's right to receive is established by the reporting date.

g. Foreign Currency Transactions

Transactions in foreign currencies are recorded at the exchange rate prevailing on the date of transactions.

Foreign currency denominated monetary assets & liabilities outstanding at the year end are translated at the yearend exchange rate and unrealized exchange gain or loss is recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

Realized exchange gain/loss on foreign transactions during the year is recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

h. Derivative Transactions:

In accordance with the ICAI announcement, derivatives contracts are marked to market on a portfolio basis, and the loss if any, after considering the offsetting effect of gain on the underlying hedged item, is charged to the Statement of Profit & Loss.

i. Stock in Trade:

Stocks of shares are valued at the lower of cost arrived on weighted average basis or fair value.

j. Employee Benefits:

i) Short term employee benefits are charged off at the undiscounted amount in the year in which the related service is rendered.

ii) The Company is exempted from Payment of Gratuity Act, 1972 in view of its strength of employees being less than threshold limit attracting the applicability of the said statute and as such no provision has been made for the said liability.

iii) Leave Encashment is not provided for on actuarial basis in view of the employees being less than 10 and the same is charged on actual basis.

k. Provisions, Contingent Liabilities & Contingent Assets:

Provisions involving substantial degree of estimation in measurement are recognized when there is present obligation as a result of past event and it is probable that there will be outflow of resources. Contingent liabilities are not recognized but are disclosed in the notes. Contingent assets are neither recognized nor disclosed in the financial statements. Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets are reviewed at each Balance Sheet date.

l. Earnings per Share:

Basic Earnings per share are calculated by dividing the net profit or loss for the period attributable to equity shareholders (after deducting preference dividends and attributable taxes) by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the period. For the purpose of calculating diluted earning per share, the net profit or loss for the period attributable to equity shareholders and the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the period are adjusted for the effects of all dilutive potential equity shares.

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Mar 31, 2014

A. Basis of Accounting:

The accounting financial statements are prepared and presented under the historical cost convention, on the accrual basis of accounting and comply with the Accounting Standards prescribed by the Companies (Accounting Standards) Rules, 2006 and the relevant provisions of the Companies Act, 1956 in material respect and to the extent applicable.

b. Use of estimates

The preparation of the financial statements, in conformity with the generally accepted accounting principles, requires estimates and assumptions to be made that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities on the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Differences between actual results and estimates are recognized in the period in which the results are known/ materialize.

c. Investments

i) Current Investments: Current investments are valued at the lower of cost arrived on weighted average basis or fair value.

ii) Non Current Investments: A provision is made for diminution other than temporary in nature. These are intended to be held for a period of more than one year from the date of the investment and are valued at cost. The cost is determined on Weighted Average Method basis.

d. Fixed Assets and Depreciation:

Tangible Fixed Assets:

Tangible Fixed Assets are stated at cost, net off accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses, if any. The cost comprises of purchase price, borrowing cost of capitalization and directly attributable cost of bringing the asset to its working condition for the intended use. Any trade discounts and rebates are deducted in arriving at the purchase price.

Depreciation is provided under the written down value method, at the rates and in the manner prescribed under Schedule XIV of the Companies Act, 1956. Intangible Fixed Assets:

Intangible Fixed Assets are measured on initial recognition at cost. The cost of intangible assets acquired in an amalgamation in the nature of purchase is their fair value as at the date of amalgamation. Following initial recognition, intangible assets are recognized at cost less accumulated amortization. Intangible assets are amortized systematically on straight line basis over its useful life of 3 years.

e. Taxation:

Tax expense comprises of current and deferred tax. Current Income-tax is measured at the amount expected to be paid to the tax authorities in accordance with the Income-tax Act, 1961 enacted in India and tax laws prevailing in the respective tax jurisdictions where the company operates. The tax rates and tax laws used to compute the amount are those that are enacted or substantively enacted, at the reporting date.

Deferred income taxes reflect the impact of timing differences between taxable income and accounting income originating during the current year and reversal of timing differences for the earlier years. Deferred tax is measured using the tax rates and the tax laws enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date. Deferred tax liabilities are recognized for all taxable timing differences. Deferred tax assets are recognized for deductible timing differences only to the extent that there is reasonable certainty that sufficient future taxable income will be available against which such deferred tax assets can be realized.

f. Revenue Recognition:

Revenue from Professional fees & Consultancy charges, Income from Brokerage & other operations are recognized as and when there is reasonable certainty of its ultimate realization and on completion of the assignment.

Dividend:

Dividend Income is recognized when the Company''s right to receive is established by the reporting date.

g. Foreign Currency Transactions

Transactions in foreign currencies are recorded at the exchange rate prevailing on the date of transactions.

Foreign currency current assets and current liabilities outstanding at the year end are translated at the year end exchange rate and unrealized exchange gain or loss is recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

Realized exchange gain/loss on foreign transactions during the year is recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

h. Derivative Transactions:

In accordance with the ICAI announcement, derivatives contracts, other than foreign contracts covered under AS 11, are marked to market on a portfolio basis, and the loss if any, after considering the offsetting effect of gain on the underlying hedged item, is charged to the Statement of Profit & Loss.

i. Stock in Trade:

Stocks of shares are valued at the lower of cost arrived on weighted average basis or fair value.

j. Employee Benefits:

i) Short term employee benefits are charged off at the undiscounted amount in the year in which the related service is rendered.

ii) The company is exempted from Payment of Gratuity Act, 1972 in view of its strength of employees being less than threshold limit attracting the applicability of the said statute and as such no provision has been made for the said liability.

iii) Leave Encashment is not provided for on actuarial basis in view of the employees being less than 10 and the same is charged on actual basis.

k. Provisions, Contingent Liabilities & Contingent Assets:

Provisions involving substantial degree of estimation in measurement are recognized when there is present obligation as a result of past event and it is probable that there will be outflow of resources. Contingent liabilities are not recognized but are disclosed in the notes. Contingent assets are neither recognized nor disclosed in the financial statements. Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets are reviewed at each Balance Sheet date.

l. Earnings per Share:

Basic Earnings per share are calculated by dividing the net profit or loss for the period attributable to equity shareholders (after deducting preference dividends and attributable taxes) by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the period. For the purpose of calculating diluted earning per share, the net profit or loss for the period attributable to equity shareholders and the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the period are adjusted for the effects of all dilutive potential equity shares.

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Mar 31, 2012

A. Basis of Accounting:

The accounting financial statements are prepared and presented under the historical cost convention, on the accrual basis of accounting and comply with the Accounting Standards prescribed by the Companies (Accounting Standards) Rules, 2006 and the relevant provisions of the Companies Act, 1956 in material respect and to the extent applicable.

b. Use of estimates

The preparation of the financial statements, in conformity with the generally accepted accounting principles, requires estimates and assumptions to be made that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities on the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Differences between actual results and estimates are recognized in the period in which the results are known/ materialize.

c. Investments

i) Current Investments: Current investments are valued at the lower of cost arrived on weighted average basis or fair value.

ii) Non Current Investments: A provision is made for diminution other than temporary in nature. These are intended to be held for a period of more than one year from the date of the investment and are valued at cost. The cost is determined on Weighted Average Method basis.

d. Fixed Assets and Depreciation:

Tangible Fixed Assets:

Tangible Fixed Assets are stated at cost, net off accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses, if any. The cost comprises of purchase price, borrowing cost of capitalization and directly attributable cost of bringing the asset to its working condition for the intended use. Any trade discounts and rebates are deducted in arriving at the purchase price.

Depreciation is provided under the written down value method, at the rates and in the manner prescribed under Schedule VI of the Companies Act, 1956. Intangible Fixed Assets:

Intangible Fixed Assets are measured on initial recognition at cost. The cost of intangible assets acquired in an amalgamation in the nature of purchase is their fair value as at the date of amalgamation. Following initial recognition, intangible assets are recognized at cost less accumulated amortization. Intangible assets are amortized systematically on straight line basis over its useful life of 3 years.

e. Taxation:

Tax expense comprises of current and deferred tax. Current Income-tax is measured at the amount expected to be paid to the tax authorities in accordance with the Income-tax Act, 1961 enacted in India and tax laws prevailing in the respective tax jurisdictions where the company operates. The tax rates and tax laws used to compute the amount are those that are enacted or substantively enacted, at the reporting date. Current income tax relating to items recognized directly in equity is recognized in equity and not in the statement of profit and loss.

Deferred income taxes reflect the impact of timing differences between taxable income and accounting income originating during the current year and reversal of timing differences for the earlier years. Deferred tax is measured using the tax rates and the tax laws enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date. Deferred income tax relating to items recognized directly in equity is recognized in equity and not in the statement of profit and loss.

Deferred tax liabilities are recognized for all taxable timing differences. Deferred tax assets are recognized for deductible timing differences only to the extent that there is reasonable certainty that sufficient future taxable income will be available against which such deferred tax assets can be realized.

f. Revenue Recognition:

Revenue from Professional fees & Consultancy charges, Income from Brokerage & other operations are recognized as and when there is reasonable certainty of its ultimate realization and on completion of the assignment.

Dividend:

Dividend Income is recognized when the Company's right to receive is established by the reporting date.

g. Foreign Currency Transactions

Transactions in foreign currencies are recorded at the exchange rate prevailing on the date of transactions.

Foreign currency current assets and current liabilities outstanding at the year end are translated at the year end exchange rate and unrealized exchange gain or loss is recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

Realized exchange gain/loss on foreign transactions during the year is recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

h. Derivative Transactions:

In accordance with the ICAI announcement, derivatives contracts, other than foreign contracts covered under AS 11, are marked to market on a portfolio basis, and the loss if any, after considering the offsetting effect of gain on the underlying hedged item, is charged to the Statement of Profit & Loss.

i. Stock in Trade:

Stocks of shares are valued at the lower of cost arrived on weighted average basis or fair value.

j. Employee Benefits:

i) Short term employee benefits are charged off at the undiscounted amount in the year in which the related service is rendered.

ii) The company is exempted from Payment of Gratuity Act, 1972 in view of its strength of employees being less than threshold limit attracting the applicability of the said statute and as such no provision has been made for the said liability.

iii) Leave Encashment is not provided for on actuarial basis in view of the employees being less than 10 and the same is charged on actual basis.

k. Provisions, Contingent Liabilities & Contingent Assets:

Provisions involving substantial degree of estimation in measurement are recognized when there is present obligation as a result of past event and it is probable that there will be outflow of resources. Contingent liabilities are not recognized but are disclosed in the notes. Contingent assets are neither recognized nor disclosed in the financial statements. Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets are reviewed at each Balance Sheet date.

l. Earnings per Share:

Basic Earnings per share are calculated by dividing the net profit or loss for the period attributable to equity shareholders (after deducting preference dividends and attributable taxes) by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the period. For the purpose of calculating diluted earning per share, the net profit or loss for the period attributable to equity shareholders and the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the period are adjusted for the effects of all dilutive potential equity shares.

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Mar 31, 2011

1. Accounting System:

The financial statements are prepared and presented under the historical cost convention, on the accrual basis of accounting and comply with the Accounting Standards prescribed by the Companies (Accounting Standards) Rules, 2006 and the relevant provisions of the Companies Act, 1956 in material respect and to the extent applicable.

2. Use of estimates

The preparation of the financial statements, in conformity with the generally accepted accounting principles, requires estimates and assumptions to be made that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities on the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual result could differ from those estimates. Any revision to accounting estimates is recognised prospectively in future periods.

3. Investments

Current investments: Current investments are valued at the lower of cost arrived on weighted average basis and market value . Long term investments : Long term Investments are valued at cost. For long term investments, provision for diminution in value is made wherever there is a permanent decline in the value of investment.

As certified by the Management, all investments are intended to be held for a period more than one year from the date on which such investments are made.

Accordingly all investments are long-term investments and are valued at cost. The cost is determined on Weighted Average Method basis.

4. Fixed Assets and depreciation

Fixed Assets are stated at cost of acquisition less depreciation. Depreciation is provided under the written down value method, at the rates and in the manner prescribed under schedule XIV of the Companies Act, 1956.

Software purchased for internal use being an intangible asset as per AS-26 issued by Institute of Chartered Accountants of India is amortized systematically on straight line basis over its useful life of three years.

5. Taxation

(i) Provision for Taxation is made on the basis of the Taxable profits computed for the current accounting period in accordance with the Income Tax Act, 1961. (ii) Deferred Tax resulting from "timing difference" between book profit and taxable profit for the year is accounted for using the tax rates and laws that have been enacted or substantially enacted as on the balance sheet date. The deferred tax asset is recognized and carried forward only to the extent that there is a certainty that the asset will be adjusted in future.

6. Revenue Recognition:

Revenue is being recognized as and when there is reasonable certainty of its ultimate realization and on completion of the assignment.

a) Professional Fees:

Professional Fees and consultancy charges are accounted for on accrual basis.

b) Income from Brokerage and other operations:

Income from Brokerage and other operations, which comprises of interest on loans and inter-corporate deposits, are accounted for on accrual basis.

c) Dividend:

Dividend Income is recognized when the right to receive is established.

7. Foreign Currency Transactions:

Foreign currency transactions are accounted at the exchange rates prevailing on the date of transactions. Monetary foreign currency assets and liabilities (monetary items) are translated into the reporting currency as on the balance sheet date and differences are dealt with in Profit & Loss Account.

8. Derivative Transactions:

As at the balance sheet date, the profit/loss on open position in derivatives are accounted as follows:

- Credit balance in the "Mark to Market Margin – Derivatives", being anticipated profit, ignored and no credit is taken in the profit and loss account.

- Debit balance in the "Mark to Market Margin – Derivatives", being anticipated loss, is recognized in the profit and loss account.

9. Stock in Trade:

Stocks of shares are valued at the lower of cost arrived on weighted average basis and market price.

10. Employee Benefits:

i) Short term employee benefits are charged off at the undiscounted amount in the year in which the related service is rendered.

ii) The company is exempted from Payment of Gratuity Act, 1972 in view of its strength of employees being less then threshold limit attracting the applicability of the said statute and as such no provision has been made for the said liability.