Mar 31, 2024
The financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the provisions of the Companies Act, 2013 and the Indian Accounting Standards (Ind AS) notified under the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015 (as amended from time to time) issued by Ministry of Corporate Affairs in exercise of the powers conferred by section 133 read with sub-section (1) of section 210A of the Companies Act, 2013. In addition, the guidance notes/announcements issued by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India (ICAI) are also applied along with compliance with other statutory promulgations require a different treatment.
The financial statements for the year ended March 31, 2024 of the Company is the first financial statements prepared in compliance with Ind AS. The date of transition to Ind AS is April 1, 2017. The financial statements upto the year ended March 31, 2018, were prepared in accordance with the accounting standards notified under the Companies (Accounting Standards) Rules, 2006 (âPrevious GAAP") and other relevant provisions of the Act. The figures for the year ended March 31, 2018 have now been restated under Ind AS to provide comparability.
The financial statements have been prepared on the historical cost basis except for certain financial instruments that are measured at fair values at the end of each reporting period.
Fair value measurements under Ind AS are categorized into Level 1, 2, or 3 based on the degree to which the inputs to the fair value measurements are observable and the significance of the inputs to the fair value measurement in its entirety, which are described as follows:
⢠Level 1 inputs are quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the Company can access at reporting date
⢠Level 2 inputs are inputs, other than quoted prices included within level 1, that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly; and
⢠Level 3 inputs are unobservable inputs for the valuation of assets or liabilities
These financial statements of the Company are prepared and presented in accordance with Indian Accounting Standards (âInd AS") notified under the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015, as amended and other relevant provision of the Act as amended from time to time and presentation requirements of Division II of Schedule III to the Companies Act, 2013, (Ind AS compliant Schedule III), as applicable to the financial statements.
Amounts in the financial statements are presented in Indian Rupees rounded off to zero decimal places as permitted by Schedule III to the Companies Act, 2013. Per share data are presented in Indian Rupee to two decimal places.
Revenue is recognised to the extent that it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the Company and the revenue can be reliably measured and there exists reasonable certainty of its recovery. Revenue is measured at the fair value of the consideration received or receivable as reduced for estimated customer credits and other similar allowances.
Income from arbitrage comprises profit / loss on sale of securities held as stock-in-trade and profit / loss on equity derivative instruments is accounted as per following:
i. Interest income is recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss and for all financial instruments except for those classified as held for trading or those measured or designated as at fair value through profit or loss (FVTPL) is measured using the effective interest method (EIR).
The calculation of the EIR includes all fees and points paid or received between parties to the contract that are incremental and directly attributable to the specific lending arrangement, transaction costs, and all other premiums or discounts. For financial assets at FVTPL transaction costs are recognised in profit or loss at initial recognition.
The interest income is calculated by applying the EIR to the gross carrying amount of non-credit impaired financial assets (i.e. at the amortised cost of the financial asset before adjusting for any expected credit loss allowance). For credit-impaired financial assets the interest income is calculated by applying the EIR to the amortised cost of the credit-impaired financial assets (i.e. the gross carrying amount less the allowance for expected credit losses (ECLs)). For financial assets originated or purchased credit-impaired (POCI) the EIR reflects the ECLs in determining the future cash flows expected to be received from the financial asset.
ii. Dividend income is recognised when the Company''s right to receive dividend is established by the reporting date and no significant uncertainty as to collectability exists.
iii. Fee and commission income and expense include fees other than those that are an integral part of EIR. The fees included in the Company statement of profit and loss include among other things fees charged for servicing a loan, non-utilisation fees relating to loan commitments when it is unlikely that these will result in a specific lending arrangement and loan advisory fees.
iv. Profit / loss on sale of securities are determined based on the FIFO cost of the securities sold.
v. Profit / loss on FNO Segment and Commodity transactions is accounted for as explained below:
Initial and additional margin paid over and above initial margin for entering into contracts for Equity Index / Stock Futures / Commodity Spot Trading/ Currency Futures and or Equity Index / Stock Options / Currency Options, which are released on final settlement / squaring-up of underlying contracts, are disclosed under âOther current assets". Mark-to-market margin-Equity Index / Stock Futures / Currency Futures representing the amounts paid in respect of mark to market margin is disclosed under âOther current assets".
"Equity Index / Stock Option / Currency Option Premium Account" represents premium paid or received for buying or selling the Options, respectively.
On final settlement or squaring up of contracts for Equity Index / Stock Futures / Currency Future, the realized profit or loss after adjusting the unrealized loss already accounted, if any, is recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss. On settlement or squaring up of Equity Index / Stock Options / Currency Option, before expiry, the premium prevailing in "Equity Index / Stock Option / Currency Option Premium Account" on that date is recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss.
As at the Balance Sheet date, the Mark to Market / Unrealized Profit / (Loss) on all outstanding arbitrage portfolio comprising of Securities and Equity / Currency Derivatives positions is determined on scrip basis with net unrealized losses on scrip basis being recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss and the net unrealized gains on scrip basis are ignored.
vi. Other operational revenue represents income earned from the activities incidental to the business and is recognised when the right to receive the income is established as per the terms of the contract.
Freehold land is carried at historical cost. All other items of property, plant and equipment are stated at historical cost less depreciation less impairment loss, if any. Historical cost comprises of purchase price, including non-refundable purchase taxes, after deducting trade discounts and rebates, any directly attributable cost of bringing the item to its working condition for its intended use.
Subsequent costs are included in the asset''s carrying amount or recognized as a separate asset, as appropriate, only when it is probable that future economic benefits associated with the item will flow to the Company and the cost of the item can be measured reliably. The carrying amount of any component accounted for as a separate asset is derecognized when replaced. All other repairs and maintenance are charged to statement of profit or loss during the reporting period in which they are incurred.
If significant parts of an item of property, plant and equipment have different useful lives, then they are accounted for as separated items (major components) of property, plant and equipment.
Depreciation is provided on the written down value method over the estimated useful lives of the assets which in certain cases may be different than the rate prescribed in Schedule II to the Companies Act, 2013, in order to reflect the actual usages of the assets.
The asset''s residual values and useful lives are reviewed, and adjusted if appropriate, at the end of each reporting period. The asset''s residual values and useful lives are reviewed, and adjusted if appropriate, at the end of each reporting period.
The assets'' residual values, useful lives and method of depreciation are reviewed, and adjusted if appropriate, at the end of each reporting period.
An asset''s carrying amount is written down immediately to its recoverable amount if the asset''s carrying amount is greater than its estimated recoverable amount.
Gains and losses on disposals are determined by comparing proceeds with carrying amount and are recognized as income or expense in the statement of profit and loss.
Intangible assets are recognised when it is probable that the future economic benefits that are attributable to the asset will flow to the enterprise and the cost of the asset can be measured reliably. Intangible assets are stated at original cost net of tax/duty credits availed, if any, less accumulated amortization and cumulative impairment. Direct expenses and administrative and other general overhead expenses that are specifically attributable to acquisition of intangible assets are allocated and capitalized as a part of the cost of the intangible assets.
Intangible assets not ready for the intended use on the date of Balance Sheet are disclosed as âIntangible assets under development".
Intangible assets are amortised on written down value method over the estimated useful life. The method of amortization and useful life are reviewed at the end of each accounting year with the effect of any changes in the estimate being accounted for on a prospective basis.
An intangible asset is de-recognised on disposal, or when no future economic benefits are expected from use or disposal. Gains or losses arising from de-recognition of an intangible asset are recognised in profit or loss when the asset is derecognized.
As at the end of each accounting year, the Company reviews the carrying amounts of its PPE and intangible assets to determine whether there is any indication that those assets have suffered an impairment loss. If such indication exists, the PPE, investment property and intangible assets are tested for impairment so as to determine the impairment loss, if any. Goodwill and the intangible assets with indefinite life are tested for impairment each year.
Impairment loss is recognised when the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its recoverable amount. Recoverable amount is determined in the case of an individual asset, at the higher of the net selling price and the value in use.
Recoverable amount is the higher of fair value less costs of disposal and value in use. In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value using a pretax discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the asset for which the estimates of future cash flows have not been adjusted.
If recoverable amount of an asset (or cash generating unit) is estimated to be less than its carrying amount, such deficit is recognised immediately in the Statement of Profit and Loss as impairment loss and the carrying amount of the asset (or cash generating unit) is reduced to its recoverable amount. For this purpose, the impairment loss recognised in respect of a cash generating unit is allocated first to reduce the carrying amount of any goodwill allocated to such cash generating unit and then to reduce the carrying amount of the other assets of the cash generating unit on a pro-rata basis.
When an impairment loss subsequently reverses, the carrying amount of the asset (or cash generating unit), except for allocated goodwill, is increased to the revised estimate of its recoverable amount, but so that the increased carrying amount does not exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined had no impairment loss is recognised for the asset (or cash generating unit) in prior years. A reversal of an impairment loss (other than impairment loss allocated to goodwill) is recognised immediately in the Statement of Profit and Loss.
i. Short term employee benefits:
Employee benefits falling due wholly within twelve months of rendering the service are classified as short term employee benefits and are expensed in the period in which the employee renders the related service. Liabilities recognised in respect of short-term employee benefits are measured at the undiscounted amount of the benefits expected to be paid in exchange for the related service.
ii. Post-employment benefits:
a) Defined contribution plans: The Company''s superannuation scheme, state governed provident fund scheme, employee state insurance scheme and employee pension scheme are defined contribution plans. The contribution paid/ payable under the schemes is recognised during the period in which the employee renders the related service.
b) Defined benefit plans: The employees'' gratuity fund schemes and employee provident fund schemes managed by board of trustees established by the Company, the post-retirement medical care plan and the Parent Company pension plan represent defined benefit plans. The present value of the obligation under defined benefit plans is determined based on actuarial valuation using the Projected Unit Credit Method.
The obligation is measured at the present value of the estimated future cash flows using a discount rate based on the market yield on government securities of a maturity period equivalent to the weighted average maturity profile of the defined benefit obligations at the Balance Sheet date.
Re-measurement, comprising actuarial gains and losses, the return on plan assets (excluding amounts included in net interest on the net defined benefit liability or asset) and any change in the effect of asset ceiling (if applicable) is recognised in other comprehensive income and is reflected in retained earnings and the same is not eligible to be reclassified to profit or loss.
Defined benefit costs comprising current service cost, past service cost and gains or losses on settlements are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss as employee benefit expenses. Interest cost implicit in defined benefit employee cost is recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss under finance cost. Gains or losses on settlement of any defined benefit plan are recognised when the settlement occurs. Past service cost is recognised as expense at the earlier of the plan amendment or curtailment and when the Company recognizes related restructuring costs or termination benefits.
In case of funded plans, the fair value of the plan assets is reduced from the gross obligation under the defined benefit plans to recognize the obligation on a net basis.
iii. Long term employee benefits:
The obligation recognised in respect of long term benefits such as long term compensated absences is measured at present value of estimated future cash flows expected to be made by the Company and is recognised in a similar manner as in the case of defined benefit plans vide (ii) (b) above.
iv. Termination benefits:
Termination benefits such as compensation under employee separation schemes are recognised as expense when the Company''s offer of the termination benefit is accepted or when the Company recognises the related restructuring costs whichever is earlier.
Financial assets and financial liabilities are recognised in the Company''s balance sheet when the Company becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instrument.
Recognised financial assets and financial liabilities are initially measured at fair value. Transaction costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition or issue of financial assets and financial liabilities (other than financial assets and financial liabilities at FVTPL) are added to or deducted from the fair value of the financial assets or financial
liabilities, as appropriate, on initial recognition. Transaction costs directly attributable to the acquisition of financial assets or financial liabilities at FVTPL are recognised immediately in profit or loss.
A financial asset and a financial liability is offset and presented on net basis in the balance sheet when there is a current legally enforceable right to set-off the recognised amounts and it is intended to either settle on net basis or to realize the asset and settle the liability simultaneously.
Loans and debt securities are written off when the Company has no reasonable expectations of recovering the financial asset (either in its entirety or a portion of it). This is the case when the Company determines that the borrower does not have assets or sources of income that could generate sufficient cash flows to repay the amounts subject to the write-off. A write-off constitutes a de-recognition event. The Company may apply enforcement activities to financial assets written off. Recoveries resulting from the Company''s enforcement activities will result in impairment gains.
The Company recognizes loss allowances for ECLs on the following financial instruments that are not measured at FVTPL:
o Loans and advances to customers; o Debt investment securities; o Trade and other receivable; o Lease receivables;
o Irrevocable loan commitments issued; and o Financial guarantee contracts issued.
Credit-impaired Financial Assets
A financial asset is ''credit-impaired'' when one or more events that have a detrimental impact on the estimated future cash flows of the financial asset have occurred. Credit-impaired financial assets are referred to as Stage 3 assets. Evidence of credit impairment includes observable data about the following events:
o significant financial difficulty of the borrower or issuer; o a breach of contract such as a default or past due event;
o the lender of the borrower, for economic or contractual reasons relating to the borrower''s financial difficulty, having granted to the borrower a concession that the lender would not otherwise consider;
o the disappearance of an active market for a security because of financial difficulties; or o the purchase of a financial asset at a deep discount that reflects the incurred credit losses.
It may not be possible to identify a single discrete eventâinstead; the combined effect of several events may have caused financial assets to become credit-impaired. The Company assesses whether debt instruments that are financial assets measured at amortised cost or FVTOCI are credit-impaired at each reporting date. To assess if corporate debt instruments are credit impaired, the Company considers factors such as bond yields, credit ratings and the ability of the borrower to raise funding.
A loan is considered credit-impaired when a concession is granted to the borrower due to a deterioration in the borrower''s financial condition, unless there is evidence that as a result of granting the concession the risk of not receiving the contractual cash flows has reduced significantly and there are no other indicators of impairment. For financial assets where concessions are contemplated but not granted the asset is deemed credit impaired when there is observable evidence of credit-impairment including meeting the definition of default. The definition of default (see below) includes unlikeliness to pay indicators and a back-stop if amounts are overdue for 90 days or more.
Cash and bank balances also include fixed deposits, margin money deposits, earmarked balances with banks and other bank balances which have restrictions on repatriation. Short term and liquid investments being subject to more than insignificant risk of change in value, are not included as part of cash and cash equivalents.
⢠The difference between the face value of the equity shares and the consideration received in respect of shares issued pursuant to Stock Option Scheme.
⢠The fair value of the stock options which are treated as expense, if any, in respect of shares allotted pursuant to Stock Options Scheme.
ii. The issue expenses of securities which qualify as equity instruments are written off against securities premium account.
Borrowing costs include interest expense calculated using the effective interest method, finance charges in respect of assets acquired on finance lease and exchange differences arising from foreign currency borrowings, to the extent they are regarded as an adjustment to interest costs.
Borrowing costs net of any investment income from the temporary investment of related borrowings, that are attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of a qualifying asset are capitalised as part of cost of such asset till such time the asset is ready for its intended use or sale. A qualifying asset is an asset that necessarily requires a substantial period of time to get ready for its intended use or sale. All other borrowing costs are recognised in profit or loss in the period in which they are incurred.
Operating segments are those components of the business whose operating results are regularly reviewed by the chief operating decision making body in the Company to make decisions for performance assessment and resource allocation. The reporting of segment information is the same as provided to the management for the purpose of the performance assessment and resource allocation to the segments. Segment accounting policies are in line with the accounting policies of the Company.
i. The functional currency and presentation currency of the Company is Indian Rupee. Functional currency of the Company and foreign operations has been determined based on the primary economic environment in which the Company and its foreign operations operate considering the currency in which funds are generated, spent and retained.
ii. In currencies other than the Company''s functional currency are recorded on initial recognition using the exchange rate at the transaction date. At each Balance Sheet date, foreign currency monetary items are reported at the prevailing closing spot rate. Non-monetary items that are measured in terms of historical cost in foreign currency are not retranslated.
Exchange differences that arise on settlement of monetary items or on reporting of monetary items at each Balance Sheet date at the closing spot rate are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss in the period in which they arise.
iii. Financial statements of foreign operations whose functional currency is different than Indian Rupees are translated into Indian Rupees as follows -
A. assets and liabilities for each Balance Sheet presented are translated at the closing rate at the date of that Balance Sheet;
B. income and expenses for each income statement are translated at average exchange rates; and
C. all resulting exchange differences are recognised in other comprehensive income and accumulated in equity as foreign currency translation reserve for subsequent reclassification to profit or loss on disposal of such foreign operations.
Tax on income for the current period is determined on the basis of taxable income (or on the basis of book profits wherever minimum alternate tax is applicable) and tax credits computed in accordance with the provisions of the Income Tax Act, 1961 and based on the expected outcome of assessments/appeals.
Deferred tax is recognised on temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities in the Company''s financial statements and the corresponding tax bases used in computation of taxable profit and quantified using the tax rates and laws enacted or substantively enacted as on the Balance Sheet date.
Deferred tax assets are generally recognised for all taxable temporary differences to the extent that is probable that taxable profit will be available against which those deductible temporary differences can be utilized. The carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reviewed at the end of each reporting period and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profits will be available to allow all or part of the asset to be recovered.
Deferred tax assets relating to unabsorbed depreciation/business losses/losses under the head âcapital gains" are recognised and carried forward to the extent of available taxable temporary differences or where there is convincing other evidence that sufficient future taxable income will be available against which such deferred tax assets can be realized. Deferred tax assets in respect of unutilized tax credits which mainly relate to minimum alternate tax are recognised to the extent it is probable of such unutilized tax credits will get realized.
The measurement of deferred tax liabilities and assets reflects the tax consequences that would follow from the manner in which the Company expects, at the end of reporting period, to recover or settle the carrying amount of its assets and liabilities.
Transaction or event which is recognised outside profit or loss, either in other comprehensive income or in equity, is recorded along with the tax as applicable.
Mar 31, 2023
The financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the provisions of the Companies Act, 2013 and the Indian Accounting Standards (Ind AS) notified under the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015 (as amended from time to time) issued by Ministry of Corporate Affairs in exercise of the powers conferred by section 133 read with sub-section (1) of section 210A of the Companies Act, 2013. In addition, the guidance notes/announcements issued by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India (ICAI) are also applied along with compliance with other statutory promulgations require a different treatment.
The financial statements for the year ended March 31, 2023 of the Company is the first financial statements prepared in compliance with Ind AS. The date of transition to Ind AS is April 1, 2017. The financial statements upto the year ended March 31, 2018, were prepared in accordance with the accounting standards notified under the Companies (Accounting Standards) Rules, 2006 (âPrevious GAAP") and other relevant provisions of the Act. The figures for the year ended March 31, 2018 have now been restated under Ind AS to provide comparability.
The financial statements have been prepared on the historical cost basis except for certain financial instruments that are measured at fair values at the end of each reporting period.
Fair value measurements under Ind AS are categorized into Level 1, 2, or 3 based on the degree to which the inputs to the fair value measurements are observable and the significance of the inputs to the fair value measurement in its entirety, which are described as follows:
⢠Level 1 inputs are quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the Company can access at reporting date
⢠Level 2 inputs are inputs, other than quoted prices included within level 1, that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly; and
⢠Level 3 inputs are unobservable inputs for the valuation of assets or liabilities
These financial statements of the Company are prepared and presented in accordance with Indian Accounting Standards (âInd AS") notified under the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015, as amended and other relevant provision of the Act as amended from time to time and presentation requirements of Division II of Schedule III to the Companies Act, 2013, (Ind AS compliant Schedule III), as applicable to the financial statements.
Amounts in the financial statements are presented in Indian Rupees rounded off to zero decimal places as permitted by Schedule III to the Companies Act, 2013. Per share data are presented in Indian Rupee to two decimal places.
Revenue is recognised to the extent that it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the Company and the revenue can be reliably measured and there exists reasonable certainty of its recovery. Revenue is measured at the fair value of the consideration received or receivable as reduced for estimated customer credits and other similar allowances.
Income from arbitrage comprises profit / loss on sale of securities held as stock-in-trade and profit / loss on equity derivative instruments is accounted as per following:
i. Interest income is recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss and for all financial instruments except for those classified as held for trading or those measured or designated as at fair value through profit or loss (FVTPL) is measured using the effective interest method (EIR).
The calculation of the EIR includes all fees and points paid or received between parties to the contract that are incremental and directly attributable to the specific lending arrangement, transaction costs, and all other premiums or discounts. For financial assets at FVTPL transaction costs are recognised in profit or loss at initial recognition.
The interest income is calculated by applying the EIR to the gross carrying amount of non-credit impaired financial assets (i.e. at the amortised cost of the financial asset before adjusting for any expected credit loss allowance). For credit-impaired financial assets the interest income is calculated by applying the EIR to the amortised cost of the credit-impaired financial assets (i.e. the gross carrying amount less the allowance for expected credit losses (ECLs)). For financial assets originated or purchased credit-impaired (POCI) the EIR reflects the ECLs in determining the future cash flows expected to be received from the financial asset.
ii. Dividend income is recognised when the Company''s right to receive dividend is established by the reporting date and no significant uncertainty as to collectability exists.
iii. Fee and commission income and expense include fees other than those that are an integral part of EIR. The fees included in the Company statement of profit and loss include among other things fees charged for servicing a loan, non-utilisation fees relating to loan commitments when it is unlikely that these will result in a specific lending arrangement and loan advisory fees.
iv. Profit / loss on sale of securities are determined based on the FIFO cost of the securities sold.
v. Profit / loss on FNO Segment and Commodity transactions is accounted for as explained below:
Initial and additional margin paid over and above initial margin for entering into contracts for Equity Index / Stock Futures / Commodity Spot Trading/ Currency Futures and or Equity Index / Stock Options / Currency Options, which are released on final settlement / squaring-up of underlying contracts, are disclosed under âOther current assets". Mark-to-market margin-Equity Index / Stock Futures / Currency Futures representing the amounts paid in respect of mark to market margin is disclosed under âOther current assets".
"Equity Index / Stock Option / Currency Option Premium Account" represents premium paid or received for buying or selling the Options, respectively.
On final settlement or squaring up of contracts for Equity Index / Stock Futures / Currency Future, the realized profit or loss after adjusting the unrealized loss already accounted, if any, is recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss. On settlement or squaring up of Equity Index / Stock Options / Currency Option, before expiry, the premium prevailing in "Equity Index / Stock Option / Currency Option Premium Account" on that date is recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss.
As at the Balance Sheet date, the Mark to Market / Unrealized Profit / (Loss) on all outstanding arbitrage portfolio comprising of Securities and Equity / Currency Derivatives positions is determined on scrip basis with net unrealized losses on scrip basis being recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss and the net unrealized gains on scrip basis are ignored.
vi. Other operational revenue represents income earned from the activities incidental to the business and is recognised when the right to receive the income is established as per the terms of the contract.
Freehold land is carried at historical cost. All other items of property, plant and equipment are stated at historical cost less depreciation less impairment loss, if any. Historical cost comprises of purchase price, including non-refundable purchase taxes, after deducting trade discounts and rebates, any directly attributable cost of bringing the item to its working condition for its intended use.
Subsequent costs are included in the asset''s carrying amount or recognized as a separate asset, as appropriate, only when it is probable that future economic benefits associated with the item will flow to the Company and the cost of the item can be measured reliably. The carrying amount of any component accounted for as a separate asset is derecognized when replaced. All other repairs and maintenance are charged to statement of profit or loss during the reporting period in which they are incurred.
If significant parts of an item of property, plant and equipment have different useful lives, then they are accounted for as separated items (major components) of property, plant and equipment.
Depreciation is provided on the written down value method over the estimated useful lives of the assets which in certain cases may be different than the rate prescribed in Schedule II to the Companies Act, 2013, in order to reflect the actual usages of the assets.
The asset''s residual values and useful lives are reviewed, and adjusted if appropriate, at the end of each reporting period. The asset''s residual values and useful lives are reviewed, and adjusted if appropriate, at the end of each reporting period.
The assets'' residual values, useful lives and method of depreciation are reviewed, and adjusted if appropriate, at the end of each reporting period.
An asset''s carrying amount is written down immediately to its recoverable amount if the asset''s carrying amount is greater than its estimated recoverable amount.
Gains and losses on disposals are determined by comparing proceeds with carrying amount and are recognized as income or expense in the statement of profit and loss.
Intangible assets are recognised when it is probable that the future economic benefits that are attributable to the asset will flow to the enterprise and the cost of the asset can be measured reliably. Intangible assets are stated at original cost net of tax/duty credits availed, if any, less accumulated amortization and cumulative impairment. Direct expenses and administrative and other general overhead expenses that are specifically attributable to acquisition of intangible assets are allocated and capitalized as a part of the cost of the intangible assets.
Intangible assets not ready for the intended use on the date of Balance Sheet are disclosed as âIntangible assets under development".
Intangible assets are amortised on written down value method over the estimated useful life. The method of amortization and useful life are reviewed at the end of each accounting year with the effect of any changes in the estimate being accounted for on a prospective basis.
An intangible asset is de-recognised on disposal, or when no future economic benefits are expected from use or disposal. Gains or losses arising from de-recognition of an intangible asset are recognised in profit or loss when the asset is derecognized.
As at the end of each accounting year, the Company reviews the carrying amounts of its PPE and intangible assets to determine whether there is any indication that those assets have suffered an impairment loss. If such indication exists, the PPE, investment property and intangible assets are tested for impairment so as to determine the impairment loss, if any. Goodwill and the intangible assets with indefinite life are tested for impairment each year.
Impairment loss is recognised when the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its recoverable amount. Recoverable amount is determined in the case of an individual asset, at the higher of the net selling price and the value in use.
Recoverable amount is the higher of fair value less costs of disposal and value in use. In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value using a pretax discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the asset for which the estimates of future cash flows have not been adjusted.
If recoverable amount of an asset (or cash generating unit) is estimated to be less than its carrying amount, such deficit is recognised immediately in the Statement of Profit and Loss as impairment loss and the carrying amount of the asset (or cash generating unit) is reduced to its recoverable amount. For this purpose, the impairment loss recognised in respect of a cash generating unit is allocated first to reduce the carrying amount of any goodwill allocated to such cash generating unit and then to reduce the carrying amount of the other assets of the cash generating unit on a pro-rata basis.
When an impairment loss subsequently reverses, the carrying amount of the asset (or cash generating unit), except for allocated goodwill, is increased to the revised estimate of its recoverable amount, but so that the increased carrying amount does not exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined had no impairment loss is recognised for the asset (or cash generating unit) in prior years. A reversal of an impairment loss (other than impairment loss allocated to goodwill) is recognised immediately in the Statement of Profit and Loss.
i. Short term employee benefits:
Employee benefits falling due wholly within twelve months of rendering the service are classified as short term employee benefits and are expensed in the period in which the employee renders the related service. Liabilities recognised in respect of short-term employee benefits are measured at the undiscounted amount of the benefits expected to be paid in exchange for the related service.
ii. Post-employment benefits:
a) Defined contribution plans: The Company''s superannuation scheme, state governed provident fund scheme, employee state insurance scheme and employee pension scheme are defined contribution plans. The contribution paid/ payable under the schemes is recognised during the period in which the employee renders the related service.
b) Defined benefit plans: The employees'' gratuity fund schemes and employee provident fund schemes managed by board of trustees established by the Company, the post-retirement medical care plan and the Parent Company pension plan represent defined benefit plans. The present value of the obligation under defined benefit plans is determined based on actuarial valuation using the Projected Unit Credit Method.
The obligation is measured at the present value of the estimated future cash flows using a discount rate based on the market yield on government securities of a maturity period equivalent to the weighted average maturity profile of the defined benefit obligations at the Balance Sheet date.
Re-measurement, comprising actuarial gains and losses, the return on plan assets (excluding amounts included in net interest on the net defined benefit liability or asset) and any change in the effect of asset ceiling (if applicable) is recognised in other comprehensive income and is reflected in retained earnings and the same is not eligible to be reclassified to profit or loss.
Defined benefit costs comprising current service cost, past service cost and gains or losses on settlements are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss as employee benefit expenses. Interest cost implicit in defined benefit employee cost is recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss under finance cost. Gains or losses on settlement of any defined benefit plan are recognised when the settlement occurs. Past service cost is recognised as expense at the earlier of the plan amendment or curtailment and when the Company recognizes related restructuring costs or termination benefits.
In case of funded plans, the fair value of the plan assets is reduced from the gross obligation under the defined benefit plans to recognize the obligation on a net basis.
iii. Long term employee benefits:
The obligation recognised in respect of long term benefits such as long term compensated absences is measured at present value of estimated future cash flows expected to be made by the Company and is recognised in a similar manner as in the case of defined benefit plans vide (ii) (b) above.
iv. Termination benefits:
Termination benefits such as compensation under employee separation schemes are recognised as expense when the Company''s offer of the termination benefit is accepted or when the Company recognises the related restructuring costs whichever is earlier.
Financial assets and financial liabilities are recognised in the Company''s balance sheet when the Company becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instrument.
Recognised financial assets and financial liabilities are initially measured at fair value. Transaction costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition or issue of financial assets and financial liabilities (other than financial assets and financial liabilities at FVTPL) are added to or deducted from the fair value of the financial assets or financial
liabilities, as appropriate, on initial recognition. Transaction costs directly attributable to the acquisition of financial assets or financial liabilities at FVTPL are recognised immediately in profit or loss.
A financial asset and a financial liability is offset and presented on net basis in the balance sheet when there is a current legally enforceable right to set-off the recognised amounts and it is intended to either settle on net basis or to realize the asset and settle the liability simultaneously.
Loans and debt securities are written off when the Company has no reasonable expectations of recovering the financial asset (either in its entirety or a portion of it). This is the case when the Company determines that the borrower does not have assets or sources of income that could generate sufficient cash flows to repay the amounts subject to the write-off. A write-off constitutes a de-recognition event. The Company may apply enforcement activities to financial assets written off. Recoveries resulting from the Company''s enforcement activities will result in impairment gains.
The Company recognizes loss allowances for ECLs on the following financial instruments that are not measured at FVTPL:
o Loans and advances to customers; o Debt investment securities; o Trade and other receivable; o Lease receivables;
o Irrevocable loan commitments issued; and o Financial guarantee contracts issued.
Credit-impaired Financial Assets
A financial asset is ''credit-impaired'' when one or more events that have a detrimental impact on the estimated future cash flows of the financial asset have occurred. Credit-impaired financial assets are referred to as Stage 3 assets. Evidence of credit impairment includes observable data about the following events:
o significant financial difficulty of the borrower or issuer; o a breach of contract such as a default or past due event;
o the lender of the borrower, for economic or contractual reasons relating to the borrower''s financial difficulty, having granted to the borrower a concession that the lender would not otherwise consider;
o the disappearance of an active market for a security because of financial difficulties; or o the purchase of a financial asset at a deep discount that reflects the incurred credit losses.
It may not be possible to identify a single discrete eventâinstead; the combined effect of several events may have caused financial assets to become credit-impaired. The Company assesses whether debt instruments that are financial assets measured at amortised cost or FVTOCI are credit-impaired at each reporting date. To assess if corporate debt instruments are credit impaired, the Company considers factors such as bond yields, credit ratings and the ability of the borrower to raise funding.
A loan is considered credit-impaired when a concession is granted to the borrower due to a deterioration in the borrower''s financial condition, unless there is evidence that as a result of granting the concession the risk of not receiving the contractual cash flows has reduced significantly and there are no other indicators of impairment. For financial assets where concessions are contemplated but not granted the asset is deemed credit impaired when there is observable evidence of credit-impairment including meeting the definition of default. The definition of default (see below) includes unlikeliness to pay indicators and a back-stop if amounts are overdue for 90 days or more.
Cash and bank balances also include fixed deposits, margin money deposits, earmarked balances with banks and other bank balances which have restrictions on repatriation. Short term and liquid investments being subject to more than insignificant risk of change in value, are not included as part of cash and cash equivalents.
⢠The difference between the face value of the equity shares and the consideration received in respect of shares issued pursuant to Stock Option Scheme.
⢠The fair value of the stock options which are treated as expense, if any, in respect of shares allotted pursuant to Stock Options Scheme.
ii. The issue expenses of securities which qualify as equity instruments are written off against securities premium account.
Borrowing costs include interest expense calculated using the effective interest method, finance charges in respect of assets acquired on finance lease and exchange differences arising from foreign currency borrowings, to the extent they are regarded as an adjustment to interest costs.
Borrowing costs net of any investment income from the temporary investment of related borrowings, that are attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of a qualifying asset are capitalised as part of cost of such asset till such time the asset is ready for its intended use or sale. A qualifying asset is an asset that necessarily requires a substantial period of time to get ready for its intended use or sale. All other borrowing costs are recognised in profit or loss in the period in which they are incurred.
Operating segments are those components of the business whose operating results are regularly reviewed by the chief operating decision making body in the Company to make decisions for performance assessment and resource allocation. The reporting of segment information is the same as provided to the management for the purpose of the performance assessment and resource allocation to the segments. Segment accounting policies are in line with the accounting policies of the Company.
i. The functional currency and presentation currency of the Company is Indian Rupee. Functional currency of the Company and foreign operations has been determined based on the primary economic environment in which the Company and its foreign operations operate considering the currency in which funds are generated, spent and retained.
ii. In currencies other than the Company''s functional currency are recorded on initial recognition using the exchange rate at the transaction date. At each Balance Sheet date, foreign currency monetary items are reported at the prevailing closing spot rate. Non-monetary items that are measured in terms of historical cost in foreign currency are not retranslated.
Exchange differences that arise on settlement of monetary items or on reporting of monetary items at each Balance Sheet date at the closing spot rate are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss in the period in which they arise.
iii. Financial statements of foreign operations whose functional currency is different than Indian Rupees are translated into Indian Rupees as follows -
A. assets and liabilities for each Balance Sheet presented are translated at the closing rate at the date of that Balance Sheet;
B. income and expenses for each income statement are translated at average exchange rates; and
C. all resulting exchange differences are recognised in other comprehensive income and accumulated in equity as foreign currency translation reserve for subsequent reclassification to profit or loss on disposal of such foreign operations.
Tax on income for the current period is determined on the basis of taxable income (or on the basis of book profits wherever minimum alternate tax is applicable) and tax credits computed in accordance with the provisions of the Income Tax Act, 1961 and based on the expected outcome of assessments/appeals.
Deferred tax is recognised on temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities in the Company''s financial statements and the corresponding tax bases used in computation of taxable profit and quantified using the tax rates and laws enacted or substantively enacted as on the Balance Sheet date.
Deferred tax assets are generally recognised for all taxable temporary differences to the extent that is probable that taxable profit will be available against which those deductible temporary differences can be utilized. The carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reviewed at the end of each reporting period and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profits will be available to allow all or part of the asset to be recovered.
Deferred tax assets relating to unabsorbed depreciation/business losses/losses under the head âcapital gains" are recognised and carried forward to the extent of available taxable temporary differences or where there is convincing other evidence that sufficient future taxable income will be available against which such deferred tax assets can be realized. Deferred tax assets in respect of unutilized tax credits which mainly relate to minimum alternate tax are recognised to the extent it is probable of such unutilized tax credits will get realized.
The measurement of deferred tax liabilities and assets reflects the tax consequences that would follow from the manner in which the Company expects, at the end of reporting period, to recover or settle the carrying amount of its assets and liabilities.
Transaction or event which is recognised outside profit or loss, either in other comprehensive income or in equity, is recorded along with the tax as applicable.
Mar 31, 2014
1. Basis of Preparation of Financial Statements
The Financial Statements have been prepared under the historical cost
convention and in accordance with the provisions of the Companies Act,
1956. Accounting policies not referred to otherwise are consistent and
are in consonance with the generally accepted accounting principles in
India.
2. Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally
accepted accounting principles requires estimates and assumptions to be
made that affect the reported amount of assets and liabilities on the
date of the financial statements and the reported amount of revenues
and expenses during the reporting period. Difference between the actual
results and estimates are recognized in the period in which the results
are known to be materialized.
3. Recognition of Income & Expenses
Items of Income and Expenditure are recognized and accounted for on
Accrual basis except dividend.
4. Method of Valuation
Quoted Inventories/Stock-in-trade has been valued at cost or Market
Price whichever is lower. Unquoted Shares are valued at cost.
5. Fixed Assets
Fixed Assets are stated at cost net of recoverable taxes, less
accumulated depreciation and impairment loss, if any. Depreciation on
assets is provided on written down value method as per rates prescribed
in Schedule XIV to the Companies Act 1956.
6. Depreciation
a. Depreciation on Fixed Assets is provided to the extent of
depreciable amount on written down value(WDV) at the rates specified in
schedule XIV of the Companies Act 1956 over their useful life.
b. Depreciation on additions/ deletions is calculated on pro-rata with
respect to date of addition/deletions.
7 Current Assets & Liabilities
In the opinion of the Board, all the assets (there is no Fixed Assets &
Non-current Investment) are at least approximately of the value stated
in the accounts, if realized in the ordinary course of business, unless
otherwise stated. The provisions of all known liabilities are adequate
and are not in excess of the amount considerably necessary by the
management.
8. Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets
Provisions involving substantial degree of estimation in measurement
are recognized when there is a present obligation as a result of past
events and it is probable that there will be an outflow of resources.
Contingent liabilities are not recognized but are disclosed in the
notes. Contingent assets are neither recognized nor disclosed in the
financial statements. Contingent Liability, if any are disclosed by
way of notes.
9. Provision for Gratuity
Provision for Gratuity is made when there is a reasonable certainty of
staff continuing the service for minimum eligible period or has
completed such period. However, it has not been made in the accounts
for the year as there is no such reasonable certainty of completion.
10. Provision for Taxation
Provision for Income Tax is made on the basis of estimated taxable
income for the period at current rates.
11. Provision for Deferred Tax The Company recognizes deferred tax
assets and liabilities in terms with Accounting standard 22 issued by
the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India on "Accounting for
Taxes on Income". Provision for IncomeTax is made on the basis of
estimated taxable income for the period at current rates. Tax expense
comprises both Current Tax and Deferred Tax at the applicable enacted
or substantively enacted rates. Current Tax represents the amount of
Income Tax payable/ recoverable in respect of taxable income/loss for
the reporting period. Deferred Tax represents the effect of timing
difference between taxable income and accounting income for the
reporting period that originates in one year and are capable of
reversal in one or more subsequent years.
12. Other Notes on Financial Statements Figures of previous year has
been regrouped/rearranged re-casted whenever necessary.
Mar 31, 2013
1.1 Accounting Policies not specifically referred to otherwise are in
consonance with generally accepted accounting principles.
1.2 Expenses and Income considered payable and receivable respectively
are accounted for on accrual basis.
1.3 In the opinion of the Board, the Current Assets, Loans and Advances
are approximately of the value stated if realized in the ordinary
course of business. The provisions of all known liabilities are
adequate and not in excess of the amount reasonably necessary.
1.4 Fixed Assets
Fixed Assets are stated at cost less Depreciation, cost comprises the
purchases price and other attributable costs. Depreciation on assets is
provided on written down value method as per rates prescribed in
Schedule XIV to the Companies Act 1956.
1.5 Depreciation
Depreciation on Fixed Assets has been provided for on Diminishing
Balance Method at rated specified in schedule XIV of the Companies Act
1956. Depreciation on Assets purchased/sold during the year has been
provided for on pro-rata basis.
1.6 Stock-in-trade
The Securities acquired with the intention of short term holding and
trading positions are considered as Stock in Trade and shown as current
assets. Quoted stocks are valued at cost or market value, whichever is
lower and Unquoted Stocks are valued at Cost..
1.7 Revenue Recognition
Income is accounted on accrual basis except Dividend.
1.8 Gratuity
None of the Employee has completed the service period to become
eligible for payment of gratuity.
1.9 Taxation
Provision for Taxation has been made as per Income Tax Act and Rules
made there under.
1.10 Contingent Liabilities
Contingent Liabilities not provided for : Nil
1.11 Others
None of the Raw Materials, Stores, Spares and Components consumed or
purchased during the year have been imported.
None of the Earnings / Expenditures is in Foreign Currency.
Balance of Debtors, Creditors, Deposits, Loans and Advances are subject
to confirmation.
In the opinion of the Board, the Current Assets, Loans & Advances are
approximately of the value stated if realized in the ordinary course of
business. The provision for depreciation and all known liabilities are
adequate and not in excess of the amounts reasonably necessary.
1.12 Investments
All investments are held or intended to be held for one year or more
and therefore considered as long term investments and valued at cost as
per AS 13 issued by ICAI. Provision for diminution in the value of
long term investments is made only if such a decline is other than
temporary in opinion of the management.
1.13 Differed Tax Assets/Liabilities
The company had recognized deferred tax assets and liabilities in terms
with Accounting Standard 22 issued by the Institute of Chartered
Accountants of India on "Accounting for Taxes on Income" Deferred tax
is recognized on timing differences (being the difference between
taxable income under Income Tax Act, and Accounting Income) which
originate in one period and are capable of reversal in subsequent
period Deferred Tax Assets are recognized only if there is reasonable
certainly of recouping them against future taxable Profit. All such
assets there is reasonable certainly of recouping them against future
taxable Profit. All such assets and liabilities are reviewed on each
Balance Sheet date to reflect the charged position.
1.14 Miscellaneous Expenditure
No Miscellaneous Expenditure is written off during the year.
Mar 31, 2012
1.1 Accounting Policies not specifically referred to otherwise are in
consonance with generally accepted accounting principles.
1.2 Expenses and Income considered payable and receivable respectively
are accounted for on accrual basis.
1.3 In the opinion of the Board, the Current Assets, Loans and Advances
are approximately of the value stated if realized in the ordinary
course of business. The provisions of all known liabilities are
adequate and not in excess of the amount reasonably necessary.
1.4 Fixed Assets
Fixed Assets are stated at cost less Depreciation, cost comprises the
purchases price and other attributable costs. Depreciation on assets is
provided on written down value method as per rates prescribed in
Schedule XIV to the Companies Act 1956.
1.5 Depreciation
Depreciation on Fixed Assets has been provided for on Diminishing
Balance Method at rated specified in schedule XIV of the Companies Act
1956. Depreciation on Assets purchased/sold during the year has been
provided for on pro-rata basis.
1.6 Stock-in-trade
The Securities acquired with the intention of short term holding and
trading positions are considered as Stock in Trade and shown as current
assets. Quoted stocks are valued at cost or market value, whichever is
lower and Unquoted Stocks are valued at Cost..
1.7 Revenue Recognition
Income is accounted on accrual basis except Dividend.
1.8 Gratuity
None of the Employee has completed the service period to become
eligible for payment of gratuity.
1.9 Taxation
Provision for Taxation has been made as per Income Tax Act and Rules
made there under.
1.10 Contingent Liabilities
Contingent Liabilities not provided for : Nil
1.11 Others
None of the Raw Materials, Stores, Spares and Components consumed or
purchased during the year have been imported.
None of the Earnings / Expenditures is in Foreign Currency.
Balance of Debtors, Creditors, Deposits, Loans and Advances are subject
to confirmation.
In the opinion of the Board, the Current Assets, Loans & Advances are
approximately of the value stated if realized in the ordinary course of
business. The provision for depreciation and all known liabilities are
adequate and not in excess of the amounts reasonably necessary.
1.12 Investments
All investments are held or intended to be held for one year or more
and therefore considered a long term investments and valued at cost as
per AS 13 issued by ICAI. Provision for diminution in the value of long
term investments is made only if such a decline is other than temporary
in opinion of the management.
1.13 Differed Tax Assets/Liabilities
The company had recognized deferred tax assets and liabilities in terms
with Accounting Standard 22 issued by the Institute of Chartered
Accountants of India on "Accounting for Taxes on Income" Deferred tax
is recognized on timing differences (being the difference between
taxable income under Income Tax Act, and Accounting Income) which
originate in one period and are capable of reversal in subsequent
period Deferred Tax Assets are recognized only if there is reasonable
certainly of recouping them against future taxable Profit. All such
assets there is reasonable certainly of recouping them against future
taxable Profit. All such assets and liabilities are reviewed on each
Balance Sheet date to reflect the charged position.
1.14 Miscellaneous Expenditure
No Miscellaneous Expenditure is written off during the year.
Mar 31, 2011
1. Accounting Policies not specifically referred to otherwise are in
consonance with generally accepted accounting principles.
2. Expenses and Income considered payable and receivable respectively
are accounted for on accrual basis.
3. In the opinion of the Board, the Current Assets, Loans and Advances
are approximately of the value stated if realized in the ordinary
course of business. The provisions of all known liabilities are
adequate and not in excess of the amount reasonably necessary.
Fixed Assets
4. Fixed Assets are stated at cost less Depreciation, cost comprises
the purchases price and other attributable costs. Depreciation on
assets is provided on written down value method as per rates prescribed
in Schedule XIV to the Companies Act 1956.
Depreciation
5. Depreciation on Fixed Assets has been provided for on Diminishing
Balance Method at rated specified in schedule XIV of the Companies Act
1956. Depreciation on Assets purchased/sold during the year has been
provided for on pro-rata basis.
Stock-in-trade
6. The Securities acquired with the intention of short term holding
and trading positions are considered as Stock in Trade and shown as
current assets. Quoted stocks are valued at cost or market value,
whichever is lower and Unquoted Stocks are valued at Cost.
Revenue Recognition
7. Income is accounted on accrual basis except Dividend.
Gratuity
8. None of the Employee has completed the service period to become
eligible for payment of gratuity.
Taxation
9. Provision for Taxation has been made as per Income Tax Act and
Rules made there under.
Contingent Liabilities
10. Contingent Liabilities not provided for : Nil
Mar 31, 2010
1 Accounting Polcies not specifically referred to otherwise are in
consonance with generally accepted accounting principles
2 Expenses and Income considered payable and receivable respectively
ant accounted for on accrual basis
3 In the opinion of the Board, the Curront Assets, Loans and Advances
are approximately of the value stated if realized in the ordinary
course of business. The provisions of all known iatttlies are adequate
and not in excess of the amount reasonably necessary.
Fixed Assets
4 Fixed Assets are stated at cost less Depreciation, cost comprises the
purchases once and other aithoutabkt costs Depreciation on assets is
provided on written down value method as per rates prescribed m
Schedule XIV to the Companies Act 1956
Depreciation
5 Depredation on Fixed Assets has been provided for on Diminishing
Balance Method at rates specified in schedule XIV of the Companies Act
1956 Depreciation on Assets purchased.'' sold dunng the year has been
provided for on pro-rata basis
Stock-in-trade
6 The Securities acquired with the intention of short term holding and
trading positions ana considered as Stock in Trade and shown as current
assets. Ouoted stocks are valued at cost or market < ~ver is tower and
Unquoted Slocks are valued at Cost..
Revenue Recognition
7 income is accounted on accrual basis except Dividend Gratuity
8 None of the Employee has completed the service period to become
eligible for payment of grai Taxation
9. Provision for Taxation has been made as per Income Tax Act and
Rules made there under
Contingent Liabilities
10 Contingent Liabilities not provided for: Nil Others
11 None of the Raw Materials. Stores. Spares and Components consumed or
purchased dunng the year have been imported
12 None ol the Earnings / Expenditures is In Foreign Currency
13 Balance of Debtors, Creditors Deposits, Loans and Advances are
subject to confirmation
14 in the option ol the Board, the Current Assets. Loans & Advances are
approximately of the value stated II realized in the ordinary course ol
business The provision lor depreciation and all known liabilities are
adequate and not In excess ol the amounts reasonably necessary
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