Mar 31, 2024
This note provides a list of the significant accounting policies adopted in the preparation of these financial statements.
These policies have been consistently applied to all the years presented, unless otherwise stated.
(A) Basis Of Preparation Of Financial Statement
i) Compliance with Ind AS
The financial statements Complies in all material aspects with Indian Accounting Standards (Ind AS) notified under
the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015 as amended and notified under Section 133 of the
Companies Act, 2013 (the "Act") and other relevant provisions of the Act and other accounting principles generally
accepted in India.
The financial statements were authorized for issue by the Company''s Board of Directors on 25th June, 2021.
These financial statements are presented in Indian Rupees (INR), which is also the functional currency. All the
amounts have been rounded off to the nearest lacs, unless otherwise indicated.
ii) Historical cost convention
These financial statements have been prepared on historical cost basis, except for certain financial instruments which
are measured at fair value or amortised cost at the end of each reporting period, as explained in the accounting policies
below. Historical cost is generally based on the fair value of the consideration given in exchange for goods and
services. Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly
transaction between market participants at the measurement date. All assets and liabilities have been classified as
current and non-current as per the Companyâs normal operating cycle.
iii) Current and Non Current Classification.
All assets and liabilities have been classified as current or non-current as per the Company''s operating cycle and other
criteria set out in the Schedule III to the Companies Act, 2013. Based on the nature of products and the time between
the acquisition of assets for processing and their realisation in cash and cash equivalents, the Company has ascertained
its operating cycle as 12 months for the purpose of current - non-current classification of assets and liabilities.
(B) Use of estimates and judgements
The preparation of financial statements requires management to make judgments, estimates and assumptions in the
application of accounting policies that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, income and expenses. Actual
results may differ from these estimates. Continuous evaluation is done on the estimation and judgments based on
historical experience and other factors, including expectations of future events that are believed to be reasonable.
Revisions to accounting estimates are recognised prospectively.
(C) Financial Instruments
A financial instrument is any contract that gives rise to a financial asset of one entity and a financial liability or equity
instrument of another entity.
The Company classifies its financial assets in the following measurement categories:
(a) those to be measured subsequently at fair value (either through other comprehensive income, or through profit or
loss); and
(b) those measured at amortised cost.
The classification depends on the entityâs business model for managing the financial assets and the contractual terms
of the cash flows.
(a) For assets measured at fair value, gains and losses will either be recorded in profit or loss or other comprehensive
income.
(b) For investments in debt instruments, this will depend on the business model in which the investment is held.
(c) For investments in equity instruments, this will depend on whether the Company has made an irrevocable election
at the time of initial recognition to account for the equity investment at fair value through other comprehensive
income.
The Company reclassifies debt investments when and only when its business model for managing those assets
changes.
(ii) Measurement
At initial recognition, the Company measures a financial asset at its fair value plus, in the case of a financial asset not
at fair value through profit or loss, transaction costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition of the financial
asset. Transaction costs of financial assets carried at fair value through profit or loss are expensed in profit or loss.
(a) Debt instruments
Subsequent measurement of debt instruments depends on the Companyâs business model for managing the asset and
the cash flow characteristics of the asset. There are three measurement categories into which the Company classifies
its debt instruments:
Amortised cost: Assets that are held for collection of contractual cash flows where those cash flows represent solely
payments of principal and interest are measured at amortised cost. A gain or loss on a debt investment that is
subsequently measured at amortised cost and is not part of a hedging relationship is recognised in profit or loss when
the asset is derecognised or impaired. Interest income from these financial assets is included in other income using the
effective interest rate method.
Fair value through other comprehensive income (FVOCI): Assets that are held for collection of contractual cash
flows and for selling the financial assets, where the assetsâ cash flows represent solely payments of principal and
interest, are measured at fair value through other comprehensive income (FVOCI). Movements in the carrying
amount are taken through OCI, except for the recognition of impairment gains or losses, interest income and foreign
exchange gains and losses which are recognised in profit and loss. When the financial asset is derecognised, the
cumulative gain or loss previously recognised in OCI is reclassified from equity to profit or loss and recognised in
other income or other expenses (as applicable). Interest income from these financial assets is included in other income
using the effective interest rate method.
Fair value through profit or loss (FVTPL): Assets that do not meet the criteria for amortised cost or FVOCI are
measured at fair value through profit or loss. A gain or loss on a debt investment that is subsequently measured at fair
value through profit or loss and is not part of a hedging relationship is recognised in profit or loss and presented net in
the statement of profit and loss within other income or other expenses (as applicable) in the period in which it arises.
Interest income from these financial assets is included in other income or other expenses, as applicable.
(b) Equity Instruments
The Company subsequently measures all equity investments at fair value (except investment in subsidiaries which
are at amortised cost). Where the Companyâs management has selected to present fair value gains and losses on
equity investments in other comprehensive income and there is no subsequent reclassification of fair value gains and
losses to profit or loss. Dividends from such investments are recognised in profit or loss as other income when the
Companyâs right to receive payments is established.
Changes in the fair value of financial assets at fair value through profit or loss are recognised in other income or other
expenses, as applicable in the statement of profit and loss. Impairment losses (and reversal of impairment losses) on
equity investments measured at FVOCI are not reported separately from other changes in fair value.
(iii) Impairment of financial assets
The Company assesses on a forward looking basis the expected credit losses associated with its assets carried at
amortised cost and FVOCI debt instruments. The impairment methodology applied depends on whether there has
been a significant increase in credit risk.
For trade receivables only, the Company applies the simplified approach permitted by Ind AS 109 Financial
Instruments, which requires expected lifetime credit losses (ECL) to be recognised from initial recognition of the
receivables. The Company uses historical default rates to determine impairment loss on the portfolio of trade
receivables. At every reporting date these historical default rates are reviewed and changes in the forward looking
estimates are analysed.
For other assets, the Company uses 12 month ECL to provide for impairment loss where there is no significant
increase in credit risk. If there is significant increase in credit risk full lifetime ECL is used.
(iv) Derecognition of financial assets
A financial asset is derecognised only when -
(a) The Company has transferred the rights to receive cash flows from the financial asset or
(b) retains the contractual rights to receive the cash flows of the financial asset, but assumes a contractual obligation
to pay the cash flows to one or more recipients.
Where the entity has transferred an asset, the Company evaluates whether it has transferred substantially all risks and
rewards of ownership of the financial asset. In such cases, the financial asset is derecognised. Where the entity has not
transferred substantially all risks and rewards of ownership of the financial asset, the financial asset is not
derecognised.
Where the entity has neither transferred a financial asset nor retains substantially all risks and rewards of ownership
of the financial asset, the financial asset is derecognised if the Company has not retained control of the financial asset.
Where the Company retains control of the financial asset, the asset is continued to be recognised to the extent of
continuing involvement in the financial asset.
(II) Financial Liabilities
(I) Measurement
Financial liabilities are initially recognised at fair value, reduced by transaction costs (in case of financial liability not
at fair value through profit or loss), that are directly attributable to the issue of financial liability. After initial
recognition, financial liabilities are measured at amortised cost using effective interest method. The effective interest
rate is the rate that exactly discounts estimated future cash outflow (including all fees paid, transaction cost, and other
premiums or discounts) through the expected life of the financial liability, or, where appropriate, a shorter period, to
the net carrying amount on initial recognition. At the time of initial recognition, there is no financial liability
irrevocably designated as measured at fair value through profit or loss.
(ii) Derecognition
A financial liability is derecognised when the obligation under the liability is discharged or cancelled or expires.
When an existing financial liability is replaced by another from the same lender on substantially different terms, or
the terms of an existing liability are substantially modified, such an exchange or modification is treated as the de
recognition of the original liability and the recognition of a new liability. The difference in the respective carrying
amounts is recognised in the statement of profit or loss.
(D) Cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents includes cash in hand, deposits with banks, other short term highly liquid investments with
original maturities of three months or less that are readily convertible to known amounts of cash and which are subject
to an insignificant risk of changes in value.
For the purpose of presentation in the statement of cash flows, cash and cash equivalents includes outstanding bank
overdraft shown within current liabilities in statement of financial balance sheet and which are considered as integral
part of companyâs cash management policy.
(E) Cash Flow statement
Cash flows are reported using the indirect method, whereby net profit before tax is adjusted for the effects of
transactions of a non-cash nature, any deferrals or accruals of past or future operating cash receipts or payments and
item of income or expenses associated with investing or financing cash flows. The cash flows from operating,
investing and financing activities of the Company are segregated.
Provision for current tax is made after taking into consideration benefits admissible under the provisions of the
Income Tax Act, 1961.
Deferred tax resulting from " timing difference " between book and taxable profit is accounted for using the tax rates
and laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted as on the Balance Sheet date. The deferred tax assets is
recognised and carried forward only to the extent that there is a reasonable certainty that the asset will be realised in
future.
(G) Revenue Recognition:
(i) Revenue from sale of products and services are recognised at a time on which the performance obligation is
satisfied.
(ii) Interest income is recorded on a time proportion basis taking into account the amounts invested and the rate of
interest.
(H) Borrowing Cost:
Borrowing costs, which are directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of a qualifying assets
are capitalised as a part of the cost of the assets. Other borrowing costs are recognised as expenses in the year in which
they are incurred.
(i) Basic earnings per share
Basic earnings per share is calculated by dividing:
- the profit attributable to owners of the Company; and
- by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the financial year, adjusted for bonus
elements in equity shares issued during the year.
ii) Diluted earnings per share
Diluted earnings per share adjust the figures used in the determination of basic earnings per share to take into
account:
- the after income tax effect of interest and other financing costs associated with dilutive potential equity shares;
and
- the weighted average number of additional equity shares that would have been outstanding assuming the
conversion of all dilutive potential equity shares.
(J) Impairment of Assets:
Intangible assets that have an indefinite useful life are not subject to amortization and are tested annually for
impairment or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that they might be impaired. Other
assets are tested for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may
not be recoverable. An impairment loss is recognised for the amount by which the assetâs carrying amount exceeds its
recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is the higher of an assetâs fair value less costs of disposal and value in
use. For the purposes of assessing impairment, assets are grouped at the lowest levels for which there are separately
identifiable cash inflows which are largely independent of the cash inflows from other assets or groups of assets
(cash-generating units). Non-financial assets that suffered impairment are reviewed for possible reversal of the
impairment at the end of each reporting period.
Mar 31, 2014
1. System of Accounting:
The Financial Statements have been prepared under the historical cost
convention, except where impairment is made and on accrual basis in
accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in India and
the provisions of the Companies Act, 1956 read with General Circular
15/2013 dated 13th September 2013, issued by the Ministry of Corporate
Affairs, in respect of section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013.
Accounting policies have been consistently applied by the Company and
are consistent with those used in the Previous Year.
2. Use of Estimates:
The presentation of financial statements requires estimates and
assumptions to be made that affect the reported amount of assets and
liabilities on the date of the financial statements and the reported
amount of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Difference
between the actual result and estimates are recognised in the period in
which the results are known/ materialised.
3. Revenue Recognition:
Trading revenues and other revenues are recognized on the basis of
actual sales.
Interest on deployment of funds is recognized on accrual basis.
4. Cash and Cash Equivalent:
Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash at bank, in hand (including
cheques in hand).
5. Investments:
Investments in Subsidiary Company is long term and are valued at cost.
The dividends if any declared by such subsidiaries are recognized as
income. Provision is made to recognise any diminution other then
temporary in the value of such investments. Current investments are
carried at lower of cost or fair value.
6. Borrowing Cost:
Interest accrued on loan for acquiring assets is capitalised till the
date the assets are put to use.
7. Provision for Current and Deferred Tax.
Provision for current tax is made after taking into consideration
benefits admissible under the provisions of the Income Tax Act, 1961.
Deferred tax resulting from " timing difference " between book and
taxable profit is accounted for using the tax rates and laws that have
been enacted or substantively enacted as on the Balance Sheet date. The
deferred tax assets is recognised and carried forward only to the
extent that there is a reasonable certainty that the asset will be
realised in future.
8. Earnings per Share:
In determining earnings per share, the company considers the net profit
after tax and includes the post-tax effect of any extra-ordinary items.
The number of shares used in computing basic earnings per share is the
weighted average number of shares outstanding during the period. The
number of shares used in computing diluted earnings per share comprises
the weighted average shares considered for deriving basic earnings per
share and also the weighted average number of equity shares that could
have been issued on the conversion of all dilutive potential equity
shares.
9. Impairment of Assets:
At the end of each accounting period, the Company determines whether a
provision should be made for impairment loss on fixed assets by
considering the indications that an impairment loss may have occurred
in accordance with AS -28 on "Impairment ofAssets" issued by the ICAI.
An impairment, loss is charged to the Profit and Loss account in the
period in which, as asset an asset is identified as impaired, when the
carrying value of the asset exceeds its recoverable value. The
impairment loss recognised in the prior accounting periods is reversed
if there has been a change in the estimate of recoverable amount.
10. Contingencies/Provisions:
A provision is recognised when an enterprise has a present obligation
as a result of past event; it is probable that an outflow of resources
embodying economic benefit will be required to settle the obligation,
in respect of which a reliable estimate can be made. Provisions are not
discounted to its present value and are determined based on best
estimate required to settle the obligation at the Balance Sheet date.
These are reviewed at each Balance Sheet date and adjusted to reflect
the current best estimates. A contingent liability is disclosed, unless
the possibility of an outflow of resources embodying the economic
benefit is remote.
Mar 31, 2012
1. System of Accounting:
The financial statements are prepared in accordance with Indian
Generally Accepted Accounting Principles ("GAAP") under the
historical cost convention except where impairment is made on the
accrual basis. GAAP comprises mandatory accounting standards as
specified in the Companies (Accounting Standards) Rules, 2006 and
guidelines issued by the Securities and Exchange Board of India.
Accounting policies have been consistently applied except where a newly
issued accounting standard is initially adopted or a revision to an
existing accounting standard requires a change in the accounting policy
hitherto in use. Management evaluates all recently issued or revised
accounting standards on an on-going basis
2 Presentation and disclosure of financial Statement
During the year ended 31st March, 2012, the Revised Schedule VI under
the Companies Act, 1956, has become applicable to the company, for the
preparation and presentation of its financial statements. The adoption
of Revised Schedule VI does not impact recognition and measurement
principles followed for preparation of financial statements. However,
it has significant impact on presentation and disclosures made in the
financial statements. The company has also reclassified the previous
year figures in accordance with the requirements applicable in the
current year.
3. Use of Estimates:
The presentation of financial statements requires estimates and
assumptions to be made that affect the reported amount of assets and
liabilities on the date of the financial statements and the reported
amount of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Difference
between the actual result and estimates are recognised in the period in
which the results are known/ materialised.
4. Revenue Recognition:
Trading revenues and other revenues are recognized on the basis of
actual sales.
Interest on deployment of funds is recognized on accrual basis.
5. Cash and Cash Equivalent:
Cash and cash equivalents for the purpose of Cash Flow Statement
comprise cash at bank, in hand (including cheques in hand) and short
term investment with an original maturity of three months or less.
6. Investments:
Investments in Subsidiary Company is long term and are valued at cost.
The dividends if any declared by such subsidiaries are recognized as
income. Provision is made to recognise any diminution other then
temporary in the value of such investments. Current investments are
carried at lower of cost or fair value.
7. Borrowing Cost:
Interest accrued on loan for acquiring assets is capitalised till the
date the assets are put to use.
8. Provision for Current and Deferred Tax.
Provision for current tax is made after taking into consideration
benefits admissible under the provisions of the Income Tax Act, 1961.
Deferred tax resulting from " timing difference " between book and
taxable profit is accounted for using the tax rates and laws that have
been enacted or substantively enacted as on the Balance Sheet date. The
deferred tax assets is recognised and carried forward only to the
extent that there is a reasonable certainty that the asset will be
realised in future.
9. Earnings per Share
In determining earnings per share, the company considers the net profit
after tax and includes the post-tax effect of any extra-ordinary items.
The number of shares used in computing basic earnings per share is the
weighted average number of shares outstanding during the period. The
number of shares used in computing diluted earnings per share comprises
the weighted average shares considered for deriving basic earnings per
share and also the weighted average number of equity shares that could
have been issued on the conversion of all dilutive potential equity
shares.
10. Impairment of Assets:
At the end of each accounting period, the Company determines whether a
provision should be made for impairment loss on fixed assets by
considering the indications that an impairment loss may have occurred
in accordance with AS -28 on "Impairment of Assets" issued by the
ICAI. An impairment, loss is charged to the Profit and Loss account in
the period in which, as asset an asset is identified as impaired, when
the carrying value of the asset exceeds its recoverable value. The
impairment loss recognised in the prior accounting periods is reversed
if there has been a change in the estimate of recoverable amount.
11. Contingencies/Provisions:
A provision is recognised when an enterprise has a present obligation
as a result of past event; it is probable that an outflow of resources
embodying economic benefit will be required to settle the obligation,
in respect of which a reliable estimate can be made. Provisions are not
discounted to its present value and are determined based on best
estimate required to settle the obligation at the Balance Sheet date.
These are reviewed at each Balance Sheet date and adjusted to reflect
the current best estimates. A contingent liability is disclosed, unless
the possibility of an outflow of resources embodying the economic
benefit is remote.
Mar 31, 2010
1. System of Accounting:
The financial statements are prepared in accordance with Indian
Generally Accepted Accounting Principles ("GAAP") under the historical
cost convention on the accrual basis. GAAP comprises mandatory
accounting standards as specified in the Companies (Accounting
Standards) Rules, 2006 and guidelines issued by the Securities and
Exchange Board of India .Accounting policies have been consistently
applied except where a newly issued accounting standard is initially
adopted or a revision to an existing accounting standard requires a
change in the accounting policy hitherto in use. Management evaluates
all recently issued or revised accounting standards on an on-going
basis
2 Use of Estimates:
The presentation of financial statements requires estimates and
assumptions to be made that affect the reported amount of assets and
liabilities on the date of the financial statements and the reported
amount of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Difference
between the actual result and estimates are recognised in the period in
which the results are known/materialised.
3. Revenue Recognition:
Trading revenues and other revenues arerecognized on the basis of
actual sales. Interest on deployment of funds is recognized on accrual
basis.
4. Fixed Assets and Depreciation:
Fixed Assets are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation.
Depreciation on all assets is provided on written down method at the
rates prescribed in Schedule XIV of theCompaniesAct,1956.
5. Inventories
Inventories are valued at cost or net realizable value,wbichever is
lower.
6. Investments:
Investments in Subsidiary Company is long term and are valued at cost.
The dividends if any declared by such subsidiaries are recognized as
income. Provision is made to recognise any diminution other then
temporary in the value of such investments.
Current investments are carried at lower of cost or fair value.
7. Borrowing Cost:
Interest accrued on loan for acquiring assets is capitalised till the
date the assets are put to use.
8. Lease Rent Transactions:
Lease Rentals are accounted for on accrual basis as per the terms of
the agreement.
9. Foreign Currency Translations:
I) Transaction in foreign currency are recorded at the rates of
exchange prevailing at the date of the transactions
II) Monetary items denominated in foreign currencies at the year -end
are translated at the year end rates.
III) Any income or expense on account of exchange difference either on
settlement or on translation at the year-end is recognized in Profit &
Loss Account in the year in which it arises.
10. Provision for Current and Deferred Tax.
Provision for current tax is made after taking into consideration
benefits admissible under the provisions of the Income Tax Act, 1961.
Deferred tax resulting from " timing difference " between book and
taxable profit is accounted for using the tax rates and laws that have
been enacted or substantively enacted as on the Balance Sheet date. The
deferred tax assets is recognised and carried forward only to the
extent that there is a reasonable certainty that the asset will be
realised in future.
11. Earnings per Share
In determining earnings per share,the company considers the net profit
after tax and includes the post -tax effect of any extra-ordinary
items. The number of shares used in computing basic earnings per share
is the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the period.
The number of shares used in computing diluted earnings per share
comprises the weighted average shares considered for deriving basic
earnings per share, and also the weighted average number of equity
shares that could have been issued on the conversion of all dilutive
potential equity shares.
12. Impairment of Assets:
At the end of each accounting period, the Company determines whether a
provision should be made for impairment loss on fixed assets by
considering the indications that an impairment loss may have occurred
in accordance with AS 28 on "Impairment of Assets" issued by the ICAI.
An impairment, loss is charged to the Profit and Loss account in the
period in which, an asset is identified as impaired, when the carrying
value of the asset exceeds its recoverable value. The impairment loss
recognised in the prior accounting periods is reversed if there has
been a change in the estimate of recoverable amount.
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