Accounting Policies of Hindustan Composites Ltd. Company

Mar 31, 2025

A. MATERIAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND NOTES FORMING
PART OF THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR
ENDED 31ST MARCH, 2025

a) Basis of Preparation of Financial Statements:

These standalone financial statements have been prepared in
accordance with the Indian Accounting Standards (hereinafter
referred to as the ‘Ind AS'') as notified by Ministry of Corporate
Affairs pursuant to section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013
(‘the Act'') read with rule 3 of the Companies (Indian Accounting
Standards) Rules, 2015 and amendment rules issued thereafter.

The financial statements of the Company are prepared on
the accrual basis of accounting and historical cost convention
except for the following material items that have been measured
at fair value as required by the relevant Ind AS:

i) Certain financial assets and liabilities are measured at
Fair value (refer note no. 43 financial instruments)

ii) Defined benefit employee plan (refer note no. 42)

All assets and liabilities have been classified as current or
non-current as per the Company''s normal operating cycle and
other criteria set out in the Schedule III to the Companies Act,
2013. Based on the nature of products and the time between
acquisition of assets for processing and their realisation in
cash and cash equivalents, the Company has ascertained its
operating cycle as 12 months for the purpose of current or non¬
current classification of assets and liabilities.

b) Use of estimates and judgements:

The preparation of the financial statements requires the
Management to make judgements, estimates and assumptions
that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities,
disclosure of contingent liabilities as at the date of the financial
statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses
during the reporting period. The recognition, measurement,
classification or disclosure of an item or information in the
financial statements is made relying on these estimates.

The estimates and judgments used in the preparation of
the financial statements are continuously evaluated by the
Company and are based on historical experience and various
other assumptions and factors (including expectations of future
events) that the Company believes to be reasonable under the
existing circumstances. Actual results may differ from those
estimates. Any revision to accounting estimates is recognised
prospectively in current and future periods.

Critical accounting judgements and key source of
estimation uncertainty

The Company is required to make judgments, estimates and
assumptions about the carrying amount of assets and liabilities
that are not readily apparent from other sources. The estimates
and associated assumptions are based on historical experience
and other factors that are considered to be relevant. Actual
results may differ from these estimates.

The estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed
on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are
recognised in the period in which the estimate is revised if the
revision affects only that period, or in the period of the revision
and future period, if the revision affects current and future
periods.

(a) Depreciation / amortisation and useful lives of
property; plant and equipment and intangible assets

Property, plant and equipment and intangible assets are
depreciated / amortised over their estimated useful lives,
after taking into account its estimated residual value.
Management reviews the estimated useful lives and
residual values of the assets annually in order to determine
the amount of depreciation/amortisation to be recorded
during any reporting period. The useful lives and residual
values are based on the Company''s historical experience
with similar assets and take into account anticipated
technological changes. The depreciation/amortisation for
future periods is revised if there are significant changes
from previous estimates. Depreciation on the fixed assets
added/disposed of/discarded during the year is provided
on pro-rata basis with reference to the month of addition/
disposal/discarding.

(b) Provisions and liabilities

Provisions and liabilities are recognized in the period
when it becomes probable that there will be a future
outflow of funds resulting from past operations or
events that can reasonably be estimated. The timing of
recognition requires application of judgement to existing
facts and circumstances which may be subject to
change. The amounts are determined by discounting the
expected future cash flows at a pre-tax rate that reflects
current market assessments of the time value of money
and the risks specific to the liability.

(c) Contingencies

In the normal course of business, contingent liabilities
may arise from litigation and other claims against the
Company. Potential liabilities that are possible but not
probable of crystallising or are very difficult to quantify
reliably are treated as contingent liabilities. Such liabilities
are disclosed in the notes but are not recognized in the
financial statements.

(d) Measurement of defined benefit obligations

The present value of the defined benefit obligations
depends on a number of factors that are determined on
an actuarial basis. The assumptions used in determining
the net interest cost/(income) for defined benefit
plans include the discount rate. Any changes in these
assumptions will impact the carrying amount of defined
benefit obligations.

c) Property, plant and equipment and Intangible assets
Property, plant and equipment

Freehold land is carried at cost. All other items of property, plant
and equipment are measured at historical cost less accumulated
depreciation and impairment losses, if any. Costs include freight,
import duties, non-refundable GST and other expenses directly
attributable to the acquisition of the asset.

Subsequent costs are included in the asset''s carrying amount
or recognised as a separate asset, as appropriate, only when
it is probable that future economic benefits associated with
the item will flow to the company and the cost of the item can
be measured reliably. The carrying amount of any component
accounted for as a separate asset is derecognised when
replaced. All other repairs and maintenance expenses are
charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss during the reporting
period in which they are incurred.

The cost of property, plant and equipment which are not ready
for their intended use before such date, are disclosed as capital
work-in-progress.

The Company assesses at each Balance Sheet date whether
there is any indication that any asset may be impaired. If any,
such indication exists, the carrying value of such asset is
reduced to its recoverable amount and the impairment loss is
charged to profit and loss account. If at the balance Sheet date
there is any deduction that a previously assessed impairment
loss no longer exists, then such loss is reversed and the asset is
restated to that effect.

Intangible assets

Technical Know-how and Computer software are stated at cost,
less accumulated amortisation and impairments, if any.

Depreciation/ amortisation methods, estimated useful lives
and residual value

Depreciation is provided on a Straight-Line Method, over the
estimated useful lives of assets. Leasehold land is amortised
over period of lease.

The company depreciates its property, plant and equipment
over the useful life in the manner prescribed in Schedule II of
the Companies Act, 2013 and management believes that useful
lives of assets are same as those prescribed in Schedule II of
the Companies Act, 2013.

The Company amortizes computer software with a useful life
using the straight-line method over the period of 6 years from
the date of acquisition.

Gains and losses on disposals are determined by comparing
proceeds with carrying amount. These are included in the
Statement of Profit and Loss.

Assets held for sale

Non-current assets or disposal groups comprising of assets and
liabilities are classified as ‘held for sale'' when all of the following
criteria are met:

(i) decision has been made to sell.

(ii) the assets are available for immediate sale in its present
condition.

(iii) the assets are being actively marketed and

(iv) sale has been agreed or is expected to be concluded
within 12 months of the Balance Sheet date.

Subsequently, such non-current assets and disposal groups
classified as ‘held for sale'' are measured at the lower of its
carrying value and fair value less costs to sell. Non-current
assets held for sale are not depreciated or amortised.

d) As a lessee
Operating Lease

The Company, as a lessee, recognises a right-of-use asset
and a lease liability for its leasing arrangements, if the contract
conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset. The
contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified
asset, if it involves the use of an identified asset and the
Company has substantially all of the economic benefits from
use of the asset and has right to direct the use of the identified
asset. The cost of the right-of-use asset shall comprise of the
amount of the initial measurement of the lease liability adjusted
for any lease payments made on or before the commencement
date plus any initial direct costs incurred. The right-of-use
assets is subsequently measured at cost less any accumulated
depreciation, accumulated impairment losses, if any, and
adjusted for any remeasurement of the lease liability. The right-of-
use assets is depreciated using the straight-line method from the
commencement date over the shorter of lease term or useful life
of right-of-use asset. The Company measures the lease liability
at the present value of the lease payments that are not paid at
the commencement date of the lease. The lease payments are
discounted using the interest rate implicit in the lease, if that
rate can be readily determined. If that rate cannot be readily
determined, the Company uses incremental borrowing rate. For
short-term and low-value leases, the Company recognises the
lease payments as an operating expense on a straight-line basis
over the lease term.

e) Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash in hand and deposits
which are readily convertible to known amounts of cash and
which are subject to insignificant risk of changes in value and
have an original maturity of three months or less, including
money market deposits, commercial paper and investments.
Bank overdrafts are shown within borrowings in current liabilities
in the balance sheet.

f) Inventories

Inventories of Raw Materials, Work-in-Progress, Stores and
Spares and Finished Goods are stated ‘at cost or net realisable
value, whichever is lower;

Cost comprise all cost of purchase, cost of conversion and
other costs incurred in bringing the inventories to their present
location and condition. Cost formula used is ‘Weighted Average
Cost''. Due allowance is estimated and made for defective
and obsolete items, wherever necessary, based on the past
experience of the Company.

g) Financial Instruments

Financial assets - Initial recognition

Financial assets are recognised when the Company becomes a
party to the contractual provisions of the instruments. Financial
assets other than trade receivables are initially recognised at fair
value plus transaction costs for all financial assets not carried at

fair value through profit or loss. Financial assets carried at fair
value through profit or loss are initially recognised at fair value,
and transaction costs are expensed in the statement of profit
and loss.

Subsequent measurement

Financial assets are subsequently measured at amortised cost,
fair value through other comprehensive income or fair value
through profit or loss on the basis of both

(a) the entity''s business model for managing the financial

assets and

(b) the contractual cash flow characteristics of the financial

asset.

(i) Measured at amortised cost:

Financial assets are subsequently measured at
amortised cost, if these financial assets are held
within a business module whose objective is to
hold these assets in order to collect contractual
cash flows and the contractual terms of the
financial asset give rise on specified date to cash
flows that are solely payments of principal and
interest on the principal amount outstanding.

(ii) Measured at fair value through other
comprehensive income (FVTOCI):

Financial assets are measured at FVTOCI, if these
financial assets are held within a business model
whose objective is achieved by both collecting
contractual cash flows that give rise on specified
dates to solely payments of principal and interest
on the principal amount outstanding and by selling
financial assets.

(iii) Measured at fair value through profit or loss
(FVTPL):

Financial assets other than equity instrument
are measured at FVTPL unless it is measured at
amortised cost or at FVTOCI on initial recognition.
Such financial assets are measured at fair value
with all changes in fair value, including interest
income and dividend income if any, recognised in
the Statement of Profit and Loss.

Equity instruments

The company subsequently measures all equity investments
at fair value. Where the Company''s management has elected
to present fair value gains and losses on equity investments
in other comprehensive income, there is no subsequent
reclassification of fair value gains and losses to the Statement
of Profit and Loss. Dividends from such investments are
recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss as other income
when the Company''s right to receive payments is established.

Impairment

The Company assesses on a forward looking basis the expected
credit losses associated with its financial assets carried at
amortised cost and FVTOCI debt instruments. The impairment
methodology applied depends on whether there has been a
significant increase in credit risk.

For trade receivables only, the Company applies the simplified
approach permitted by Ind AS 109 Financial Instruments, which
requires expected lifetime losses to be recognised from initial
recognition of the receivables. The impairment losses and
reversals are recognised in Statement of Profit and Loss.

De-recognition

The Company derecognises a financial asset when the
contractual rights to the cash flows from the financial asset
expire, or it transfers rights to receive cash flows from an asset,
it evaluates if and to what extent it has retained the risks and
rewards of ownership. When it has neither transferred nor
retained substantially all of the risks and rewards of the asset,
nor transferred control of the asset, the Company continues to
recognise the transferred asset to the extent of the Company''s
continuing involvement. In that case, the Company also
recognises an associated liability. The transferred asset and
the associated liability are measured on a basis that reflects
the rights and obligations that the Company has retained.

On de-recognition of equity instruments measured at FVTOCI,
the cumulative gain or loss previously recognised in other
comprehensive income is reclassified from other equity to retain
earning as a reclassification adjustment.

Financial Liabilities

Financial liabilities are recognised when the Company becomes
a party to the contractual provisions of the instruments. Financial
liabilities are initially recognised at fair value net of transaction
costs for all financial liabilities not carried at fair value through
profit or loss.

Financial liabilities measured at amortised cost are subsequently
measured at using EIR method. Financial liabilities carried at fair
value through profit or loss are measured at fair value with all
changes in fair value recognised in the Statement of Profit and
Loss.

De-recognition

A financial liability is derecognised when the obligation under the
liability is discharged or cancelled or expires. When an existing
financial liability is replaced by another from the same lender on
substantially different terms, or the terms of an existing liability
are substantially modified, such an exchange or modification
is treated as the derecognition of the original liability and the
recognition of a new liability. The difference in the respective
carrying amounts is recognised in the statement of profit or loss.

Offsetting of financial instruments

Financial assets and financial liabilities are offset and the net
amount is reported in the Balance Sheet if there is a currently
enforceable legal right to offset the recognised amounts and
there is an intention to settle on a net basis, to realise the assets
and settle the liabilities simultaneously.

Derivative financial instruments

Derivative financial instruments such as future contracts are
initially recognised at fair value on the date a derivative contract
is entered into and are subsequently re-measured at their fair
value with changes in fair value recognised in the Statement of
Profit and Loss in the period when they arise.

h) Fair Value Measurement

The Company measures financial instruments, such as,
derivatives at fair value at each balance sheet date.

Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset
or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between
market participants at the measurement date.

The fair value measurement is based on the presumption that
the transaction to sell the asset or transfer the liability takes
place either:

V In the principal market for the asset or liability, or

V In the absence of a principal market, in the most
advantageous market for the asset or liability.

The principal or the most advantageous market must be
accessible by the Company.

The fair value of an asset or a liability is measured using the
assumptions that market participants would use when pricing
the asset or liability, assuming that market participants act in
their best economic interest.

A fair value measurement of a non-financial asset takes into
account a market participant''s ability to generate economic
benefits by using the asset in its highest and best use or by
selling it to another market participant that would use the asset
in its highest and best use. The Company uses valuation
techniques that are appropriate in the circumstances and
for which sufficient data are available to measure fair value,
maximising the use of relevant observable inputs and minimising
the use of unobservable inputs.

All assets and liabilities for which fair value is measured or
disclosed in the financial statements are categorised within the
fair value hierarchy, described as follows, based on the lowest
level input that is significant to the fair value measurement as a
whole:

V Level 1 - Quoted (unadjusted) market prices in active
markets for identical assets or liabilities

V Level 2 - Valuation techniques for which the lowest level
input that is significant to the fair value measurement is
directly or indirectly observable

V Level 3 - Valuation techniques for which the lowest level
input that is significant to the fair value measurement is
unobservable

For assets and liabilities that are recognised in the financial
statements on a recurring basis, the Company determines
whether transfers have occurred between levels in the hierarchy
by re-assessing categorisation (based on the lowest level input
that is significant to the fair value measurement as a whole) at
the end of each reporting period.

For the purpose of fair value disclosures, the Company has
determined classes of assets and liabilities on the basis of the
nature, characteristics and risks of the asset or liability and the
level of the fair value hierarchy as explained above.

i) Borrowings

Borrowings are initially recognised at net of transaction costs
incurred. Borrowings are subsequently measured at amortised
cost. Any difference between the proceeds (net of transaction

costs) and the redemption amount is recognised in the
Statement of Profit and Loss over the period of the borrowings
using the effective interest method.

j) Borrowing costs

General and specific borrowing costs that are directly attributable
to the acquisition, construction or production of a qualifying
asset are capitalised during the period of time that is required
to complete and prepare the asset for its intended use or sale.
Qualifying assets are assets that necessarily take a substantial
period of time to get ready for their intended use or sale.

Other borrowing costs are expensed in the period in which they
are incurred.

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Mar 31, 2024

A. MATERIAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND NOTES FORMING PART OF THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31^st MARCH, 2024

a) Basis of Preparation of Financial Statements:

These standalone financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the Indian Accounting Standards (hereinafter referred to as the ‘Ind AS'') as notified by Ministry of Corporate Affairs pursuant to section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013 (‘the Act'') read with rule 3 of the Companies (Indian Accounting standards) Rules, 2015 and amendment rules issued there after.

The financial statements of the Company are prepared on the accrual basis of accounting and historical cost convention except for the following material items that have been measured at fair value as required by the relevant Ind AS:

i) Certain financial assets and liabilities are measured at Fair value (refer note no. 44 financial instruments)

ii) Defined benefit employee plan (refer note no. 43)

All assets and liabilities have been classified as current or non current as per the Company''s normal operating cycle and other criteria set out in the Schedule III to the Companies Act, 2013. Based on the nature of products and the time between acquisition of assets for processing and their realisation in cash and cash equivalents, the Company has ascertained its operating cycle as 12 months for the purpose of current or noncurrent classification of assets and liabilities.

b) Use of estimates and judgments:

The preparation of the financial statements requires the Management to make judgments, estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent liabilities as at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. The recognition, measurement, classification or disclosure of an item or information in the financial statements is made relying on these estimates.

The estimates and judgements used in the preparation of the financial statements are continuously evaluated by the Company and are based on historical experience and various other assumptions and factors (including expectations of future events) that the Company believes to be reasonable under the existing circumstances. Actual results may differ from those estimates. Any revision to accounting estimates is recognised prospectively in current and future periods.

Critical accounting judgements and key source of estimation uncertainty

The Company is required to make judgements, estimates and assumptions about the carrying amount of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. The estimates and associated assumptions are based on historical experience and other factors that are considered to be relevant. Actual results may differ from these estimates.

The estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an on-going basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognised in the period in which the estimate is revised if the revision affects only that period, or in the period of the revision and future period, if the revision affects current and future periods.

(i) Depreciation / amortisation and useful lives of property plant and equipment and intangible assets

Property, plant and equipment and intangible assets are depreciated / amortised over their estimated useful lives, after taking into account its estimated residual value. Management reviews the estimated useful lives and residual values of the assets annually in order to determine the amount of depreciation / amortisation to be recorded during any reporting period. The useful lives and residual values are based on the Company''s historical experience with similar assets and take into account anticipated technological changes. The depreciation / amortisation for future periods is revised if there are significant changes from previous estimates. Depreciation on the fixed assets added / disposed off/ discarded during the year is provided on pro-rata basis with reference to the month of addition / disposal / discarding.

(ii) Provisions and liabilities

Provisions and liabilities are recognized in the period when it becomes probable that there will be a future outflow of funds resulting from past operations or events that can reasonably be estimated. The timing of recognition requires application of judgement to existing facts and circumstances which may be subject to change. The amounts are determined by discounting the expected future cash flows at a pre-tax rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the liability.

(iii) Contingencies

In the normal course of business, contingent liabilities may arise from litigation and other claims against the Company. Potential liabilities that are possible but not probable of crystallising or are very difficult to quantify reliably are treated as contingent liabilities. Such liabilities are disclosed in the notes but are not recognized in the financial statements.

(iv) Measurement of defined benefit obligations

The present value of the defined benefit obligations depends on a number of factors that are determined on an actuarial basis. The assumptions used in determining the net interest cost/(income) for defined benefit plans include the discount rate. Any changes in these assumptions will impact the carrying amount of defined benefit obligations.

c) Property, plant and equipment and Intangible assets Property, plant and equipment

Freehold land is carried at cost. All other items of property, plant and equipment are measured at historical cost less accumulated depreciation and impairment losses, if any. Costs include freight, import duties, non-refundable GST and other expenses directly attributable to the acquisition of the asset.

Subsequent costs are included in the asset''s carrying amount or recognised as a separate asset, as appropriate, only when it is probable that future economic benefits associated with the item will flow to the Company and the cost of the item can be measured reliably. The carrying amount of any component accounted for as a separate asset is derecognised when replaced. All other repairs and maintenance expenses are charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss during the reporting period in which they are incurred.

The cost of property, plant and equipment which are not ready for their intended use before such date, are disclosed as capital work-in-progress.

The Company assesses at each Balance Sheet date whether there is any indication that any asset may be impaired. If any, such indication exists, the carrying value of such asset is reduced to its recoverable amount and the impairment loss is charged to profit and loss account. If at the balance Sheet date there is any deduction that a previously assessed impairment loss no longer exists, then such loss is reversed and the asset is restated to that effect.

Intangible assets:

Technical Know How and Computer software are stated at cost, less accumulated amortisation and impairments, if any.

Depreciation/ amortisation methods, estimated useful lives and residual value

Depreciation is provided on a Straight Line Method, over the estimated useful lives of assets. Leasehold land is amortised over period of lease.

The Company depreciates its property, plant and equipment over the useful life in the manner prescribed in Schedule II of the Companies Act, 2013 and management believe that useful lives of assets are same as those prescribed in Schedule II of the Companies Act, 2013.

The Company amortizes computer software with a useful life using the straight-line method over the period of 6 years from the date of acquisition.

Gains and losses on disposals are determined by comparing proceeds with carrying amount. These are included in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

Assets held for sale

Non-current assets or disposal groups comprising of assets and liabilities are classified as ‘held for sale'' when all of the following criteria''s are met:

(i) decision has been made to sell.

(ii) the assets are available for immediate sale in its present condition.

(iii) the assets are being actively marketed and

(iv) sale has been agreed or is expected to be concluded within 12 months of the Balance Sheet date.

Subsequently, such non-current assets and disposal groups classified as ‘held for sale'' are measured at the lower of its carrying value and fair value less costs to sell. Non-current assets held for sale are not depreciated or amortised.

d) As a lessee

The Company, as a lessee, recognises a right-of-use asset and a lease liability for its leasing arrangements, if the contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset. The contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset, if it involves the use of an identified asset and the Company has substantially all of the economic benefits from use of the asset and has right to direct the use of the identified asset. The cost of the right-of-use asset shall comprise of the amount of the initial measurement of the lease liability adjusted for any lease payments made on or before the commencement date plus any initial direct costs incurred. The right-of-use assets is subsequently measured at cost less any accumulated depreciation, accumulated impairment losses, if any and adjusted for any remeasurement of the lease liability. The right-of-use assets is depreciated using the straight-line method from the commencement date over the shorter of lease term or useful life of right-of-use asset. The Company measures the lease liability at the present value of the lease payments that are not paid at the commencement date of the lease. The lease payments are discounted using the interest rate implicit in the lease, if that rate can be readily determined. If that rate cannot be readily determined, the Company uses incremental borrowing rate. For short-term and low value leases, the Company recognises the lease payments as an operating expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

e) Cash and Cash Equivalents:

Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash in hand and deposits which are readily convertible to known amounts of cash and which are subject to insignificant risk of changes in value and have an original maturity of three months or less, including money market deposits, commercial paper and investments in liquid mutual funds. Bank overdrafts are shown within borrowings in current liabilities in the balance sheet.

f) Inventories:

Inventories of Raw Materials, Work-in-Progress, Stores and Spares and Finished Goods are stated ‘at cost or net realisable value, whichever is lower''. Cost comprise all cost of purchase, cost of conversion and other costs incurred in bringing the inventories to their present location and condition. Cost formula used is ‘Weighted Average cost''. Due allowance is estimated and made for defective and obsolete items, wherever necessary, based on the past experience of the Company.

g) Financial Instruments

Financial assets - Initial recognition

Financial assets are recognised when the Company becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instruments. Financial assets other than trade receivables are initially recognised at fair

value plus transaction costs for all financial assets not carried at fair value through profit or loss. Financial assets carried at fair value through profit or loss are initially recognised at fair value, and transaction costs are expensed in the statement of profit and loss.

Subsequent measurement

Financial assets, other than equity instruments, are subsequently measured at amortised cost, fair value through other comprehensive income or fair value through profit or loss on the basis of both

(a) the entity''s business model for managing the financial assets and

(b) the contractual cash flow characteristics of the financial asset.

(i) Measured at amortised cost:

Financial assets are subsequently measured at amortised cost, if these financial assets are held within a business model whose objective is to hold these assets in order to collect contractual cash flows and the contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.

(ii) Measured at fair value through other comprehensive income (FVTOCI):

Financial assets are measured at FVTOCI, if these financial assets are held within a business model whose objective is achieved by both collecting contractual cash flows on specified dates that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding and by selling financial assets.

(iii) Measured at fair value through profit or loss (FVTPL):

Financial assets other than equity instrument are measured at FVTPL unless it is measured at amortised cost or at FVTOCI on initial recognition. Such financial assets are measured at fair value with all changes in fair value, including interest income and dividend income if any, recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

Equity instruments:

All investments in equity instruments classified under financial assets are subsequently measured at fair value. Equity instruments which are held for trading are measured at FVTPL.

For all other equity instruments, the Company may, on initial recognition, irrevocably elect to measure the same either at FVOCI or FVTPL. The Company makes such election on an instrument-by-instrument basis. Fair value changes on an equity instrument shall be recognised in Statement of Profit and Loss unless the Company has elected to measure such instrument at FVOCI. Fair value changes excluding dividends, on an equity instrument measured at FVOCI are recognised in the OCI. Amounts recognised in Other Comprehensive Income (OCI) are not subsequently transferred to Statement of Profit and Loss. Dividend income on the investments in equity instruments are recognised in Statement of Profit and Loss.

Impairment

The Company assesses on a forward looking basis the expected credit losses associated with its financial assets carried at amortised cost and FVTOCI debt instruments. The impairment methodology applied depends on whether there has been a signifi cant increase in credit risk. The Company recognises a loss allowance for Expected Credit Losses (ECL) on financial assets that are measured at amortised cost and at FVTOCI. The credit loss is difference between all contractual cash flows that are due to an entity in accordance with the contract and all the cash flows that the entity expects to receive (i.e. all cash shortfalls), discounted at the original effective interest rate. This is assessed on an individual or collective basis. For trade receivables only, the Company applies the simplified approach permitted by Ind AS 109 Financial Instruments, which requires expected lifetime losses to be recognised from initial recognition of the receivables. The impairment losses and reversals are recognised in Statement of Profit and Loss.

De-recognition

The Company derecognises a financial asset when the contractual rights to the cash flows from the financial asset expire, or it transfers rights to receive cash flows from an asset, it evaluates if and to what extent it has retained the risks and rewards of ownership. When it has neither transferred nor retained substantially all of the risks and rewards of the asset, nor transferred control of the asset, the Company continues to recognise the transferred asset to the extent of the Company''s continuing involvement. In that case, the Company also recognises an associated liability. The transferred asset and the associated liability are measured on a basis that reflects the rights and obligations that the Company has retained. On de-recognition of equity instruments measured at FVTOCI, the cumulative gain or loss previously recognised in other comprehensive income is reclassified to retained earnings as a reclassification adjustment in other equity. On derecognition of debt instruments, the difference between the asset''s carrying amount and the sum of the consideration received and receivable and the cumulative gain or loss that had been recognised in other comprehensive income and accumulated in other equity is recognised in profit or loss as if such gain or loss would have otherwise been recognised in profit or loss on disposal of that financial asset.

Financial Liabilities

Financial liabilities are recognised when the Company becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instruments. Financial liabilities are initially recognised at fair value net of transaction costs for all financial liabilities not carried at fair value through profit or loss.

Financial liabilities measured at amortised cost are subsequently measured at using EIR method. Financial liabilities carried at fair value through profit or loss are measured at fair value with all changes in fair value recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

De-recognition

A financial liability is derecognised when the obligation under the liability is discharged or cancelled or expires. When an existing financial liability is replaced by another from the same lender on substantially different terms, or the terms of an existing liability are substantially modified, such an exchange or modification

is treated as the derecognition of the original liability and the recognition of a new liability. The difference in the respective carrying amounts is recognised in the statement of profit or loss.

Offsetting of financial instruments

Financial assets and financial liabilities are offset and the net amount is reported in the Balance Sheet if there is a currently enforceable legal right to offset the recognised amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis, to realise the assets and settle the liabilities simultaneously.

Derivative financial instruments:

Derivative financial instruments such as future contracts are initially recognised at fair value on the date a derivative contract is entered into and are subsequently re-measured at their fair value with changes in fair value recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss in the period when they arise.

h) Fair Value Measurement

The Company measures financial instruments, such as, derivatives at fair value at each balance sheet date. Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date.

The fair value measurement is based on the presumption that the transaction to sell the asset or transfer the liability takes place either:

S In the principal market for the asset or liability, or

S In the absence of a principal market, in the most advantageous market for the asset or liability The principal or the most advantageous market must be accessible by the Company.

The fair value of an asset or a liability is measured using the assumptions that market participants would use when pricing the asset or liability, assuming that market participants act in their best economic interest.

A fair value measurement of a non-financial asset takes into account a market participant''s ability to generate economic benefits by using the asset in its highest and best use or by selling it to another market participant that would use the asset in its highest and best use. The Company uses valuation techniques that are appropriate in the circumstances and for which sufficient data are available to measure fair value, maximising the use of relevant observable inputs and minimising the use of unobservable inputs. All assets and liabilities for which fair value is measured or disclosed in the financial statements are categorised within the fair value hierarchy, described as follows, based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement as a whole:

S Level 1 — Quoted (unadjusted) market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities

S Level 2 — Valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement is directly or indirectly observable

S Level 3 — Valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement is unobservable

For assets and liabilities that are recognised in the financial statements on a recurring basis, the Company determines whether transfers have occurred between levels in the hierarchy by re-assessing categorisation (based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement as a whole) at the end of each reporting period.

For the purpose of fair value disclosures, the Company has determined classes of assets and liabilities on the basis of the nature, characteristics and risks of the asset or liability and the level of the fair value hierarchy as explained above.

i) Borrowings:

Borrowings are initially recognised at net of transaction costs incurred. Borrowings are subsequently measured at amortised cost. Any difference between the proceeds (net of transaction costs) and the redemption amount is recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss over the period of the borrowings using the effective interest method.

j) Borrowing costs:

General and specific borrowing costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of a qualifying asset are capitalised during the period of time that is required to complete and prepare the asset for its intended use or sale. Qualifying assets are assets that necessarily take a substantial period of time to get ready for their intended use or sale. Other borrowing costs are expensed in the period in which they are incurred.

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Mar 31, 2023

CORPORATE OVERVIEW:

Hindustan Composites Limited ("the Company") is a public limited company domiciled in India and is incorporated under the provision of the Companies Act applicable in India. Its shares are listed on Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE) and National Stock Exchange (NSE) of India.

The registered office of the Company is located at Peninsula Business Park, A Tower, 8^th Floor, Senapati Bapat Marg, Lower Parel, Mumbai 400 013 (Maharastra).

The Company is engaged in the business of manufacturing and marketing of fibre based friction material, consisting of Brake Liners, Roll Lining, Brake Block, Clutch Facing etc and investments.

A. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND NOTES FORMING PART OF THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31^ST MARCH, 2023

^a) Basis of Preparation of Financial Statements:

These standalone financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the Indian Accounting Standards (hereinafter referred to as the ''Ind AS'') as notified by Ministry of Corporate Affairs pursuant to section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013 (''the Act'') read with rule 3 of the Companies (Indian Accounting standards) Rules, 2015 and amendment rules issued there after.

The financial statements of the Company are prepared on the accrual basis of accounting and historical cost convention except for the following material items that have been measured at fair value as required by the relevant Ind AS:

I) Certain financial assets and liabilities are measured at Fair value (refer note no. 43 financial instruments)

ii) Defined benefit employee plan (refer note no. 42)

All assets and liabilities have been classified as current or non current as per the Company''s normal operating cycle and other criteria set out in the Schedule III to the Companies Act, 2013. Based on the nature of products and the time between acquisition of assets for processing and their realisation in cash and cash equivalents, the Company has ascertained its operating cycle as 12 months for the purpose of current or noncurrent classification of assets and liabilities.

b) Use of estimates and judgments:

The preparation of the financial statements requires the Management to make judgments,estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent liabilities as at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. The recognition, measurement, classification or disclosure of an item or information in the financial statements is made relying on these estimates.

The estimates and judgements used in the preparation of the financial statements are continuously evaluated by the Company and are based on historical experience and various other assumptions and factors (including expectations of future events) that the Company believes to be reasonable under the existing circumstances. Actual results may differ from those estimates. Any revision to accounting estimates is recognised prospectively in current and future periods.

Critical accounting judgements and key source of estimation uncertainty

The Company is required to make judgements, estimates and assumptions about the carrying amount of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. The estimates

and associated assumptions are based on historical experience and

other factors that are considered to be relevant. Actual results may differ from these estimates.

The estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an on-going basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognised in the period in which the estimate is revised if the revision affects only that period, or in the period of the revision and future period, if the revision affects current and future periods.

(a) Depreciation / amortisation and useful lives of property plant and equipment and intangible assets

Property, plant and equipment and intangible assets are depreciated / amortised over their estimated useful lives, after taking into account its estimated residual value. Management reviews the estimated useful lives and residual values of the assets annually in order to determine the amount of depreciation / amortisation to be recorded during any reporting period. The useful lives and residual values are based on the Company''s historical experience with similar assets and take into account anticipated technological changes. The depreciation / amortisation for future periods is revised if there are significant changes from previous estimates. Depreciation on the fixed assets added / disposed off/ discarded during the year is provided on pro-rata basis with reference to the month of addition / disposal / discarding.

(b) Provisions and liabilities

Provisions and liabilities are recognized in the period when it becomes probable that there will be a future outflow of funds resulting from past operations or events that can reasonably be estimated. The timing of recognition requires application of judgement to existing facts and circumstances which may be subject to change. The amounts are determined by discounting the expected future cash flows at a pre-tax rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the liability.

(c) Contingencies

In the normal course of business, contingent liabilities may arise from litigation and other claims against the Company. Potential liabilities that are possible but not probable of crystallising or are very difficult to quantify reliably are treated as contingent liabilities. Such liabilities are disclosed in the notes but are not recognized in the financial statements.

(d) Measurement of defined benefit obligations

The present value of the defined benefit obligations depends on a number of factors that are determined on an actuarial basis. The assumptions used in determining the net interest cost/(income) for defined benefit plans include the discount rate. Any changes in these assumptions will impact the carrying amount of defined benefit obligations.

^c) Property, plant and equipment and Intangible assets Property, plant and equipment

Freehold land is carried at cost. All other items of property, plant and equipment are measured at historical cost less accumulated depreciation and impairment losses, if any. Costs include freight, import duties, non-refundable GST and other expenses directly attributable to the acquisition of the asset.

Subsequent costs are included in the asset''s carrying amount or recognised as a separate asset, as appropriate, only when it is probable that future economic benefits associated with the item will flow to the company and the cost of the item can be measured reliably. The carrying amount of any component accounted for as a separate asset is derecognised when replaced. All other repairs and maintenance expenses are charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss during the reporting period in which they are incurred.

The cost of property, plant and equipment which are not ready for their intended use before such date, are disclosed as capital work-in-progress.

The Company assesses at each Balance Sheet date whether there is any indication that any asset may be impaired. If any, such indication exists, the carrying value of such asset is reduced to its recoverable amount and the impairment loss is charged to profit and loss account. If at the balance Sheet date there is any deduction that a previously assessed impairment loss no longer exists, then such loss is reversed and the asset is restated to that effect.

Intangible assets:

Technical Know How and Computer software are stated at cost, less accumulated amortisation and impairments, if any.

Depreciation/ amortisation methods, estimated useful lives and residual value

Depreciation is provided on a Straight Line Method, over the estimated useful lives of assets. Leasehold land is amortised over period of lease. Leasehold improvements are amortised over the period of lease or estimated useful lives which ever is lower.

The company depreciates its property, plant and equipment over the useful life in the manner prescribed in Schedule II of the Companies Act, 2013 and management believe that useful lives of assets are same as those prescribed in Schedule II of the Companies Act, 2013.

The Company amortizes computer software with a useful life using the straight-line method over the period of 6 years from the date of acquisition.

Gains and losses on disposals are determined by comparing proceeds with carrying amount. These are included in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

Assets held for sale

Non-current assets or disposal groups comprising of assets and liabilities are classified as ''held for sale'' when all of the following criteria''s are met:

(I) decision has been made to sell.

(ii) the assets are available for immediate sale in its present condition.

(iii) the assets are being actively marketed and

(iv) sale has been agreed or is expected to be concluded within 12 months of the Balance Sheet date.

Subsequently, such non-current assets and disposal groups classified as ''held for sale'' are measured at the lower of its carrying value and fair value less costs to sell. Non-current assets held for sale are not depreciated or amortised.

d) As a lessee

Operating Lease

a lease liability for its leasing arrangements, if the contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset. The contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset, if it involves the use of an identified asset and the Company has substantially all of the economic benefits from use of the asset and has right to direct the use of the identified asset. The cost of the right-of-use asset shall comprise of the amount of the initial measurement of the lease liability adjusted for any lease payments made on or before the commencement date plus any initial direct costs incurred. The right-of-use assets is subsequently measured at cost less any accumulated depreciation, accumulated impairment losses, if any and adjusted for any remeasurement of the lease liability. The right-of-use assets is depreciated using the straight-line method from the commencement date over the shorter of lease term or useful life of right-of-use asset. The Company measures the lease liability at the present value of the lease payments that are not paid at the commencement date of the lease. The lease payments are discounted using the interest rate implicit in the lease, if that rate can be readily determined. If that rate cannot be readily determined, the Company uses incremental borrowing rate. For short-term and low value leases, the Company recognises the lease payments as an operating expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

e) Cash and Cash Equivalents:

Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash in hand and deposits which are readily convertible to known amounts of cash and which are subject to insignificant risk of changes in value and have an original maturity of three months or less, including money market deposits, commercial paper and investments. Bank overdrafts are shown within borrowings in current liabilities in the balance sheet.

f) Inventories:

Inventories of Raw Materials, Work-in-Progress, Stores and Spares and Finished Goods are stated ''at cost or net realisable value, whichever is lower''. Cost comprise all cost of purchase, cost of conversion and other costs incurred in bringing the inventories to their present location and condition. Cost formula used is ''Weighted Average cost''. Due allowance is estimated and made for defective and obsolete items, wherever necessary, based on the past experience of the Company.

^g) Financial Instruments Financial assets - Initial recognition

Financial assets are recognised when the Company becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instruments. Financial assets other than trade receivables are initially recognised at fair value plus transaction costs for all financial assets not carried at fair value through profit or loss. Financial assets carried at fair value through profit or loss are initially recognised at fair value, and transaction costs are expensed in the statement of profit and loss.

Subsequent measurement

Financial assets are subsequently measured at amortised cost, fair value through other comprehensive income or fair value through profit or loss on the basis of both (a) the entity''s business model for managing the financial assets and (b) the contractual cash flow characteristics of the financial asset.

(i) Measured at amortised cost:

Financial assets are subsequently measured at amortised

cost, if these financial assets are held within a business module whose objective is to hold these assets in order to collect contractual cash flows and the contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified date to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.

(ii) Measured at fair value through other comprehensive income (FVTOCI):

Financial assets are measured at FVTOCI, if these financial assets are held within a business model whose objective is achieved by both collecting contractual cash flows that give rise on specified dates to solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding and by selling financial assets.

(iii) Measured at fair value through profit or loss (FVTPL):

Financial assets other than equity instrument are measured at FVTPL unless it is measured at amortised cost or at FVTOCI on initial recognition. Such financial assets are measured at fair value with all changes in fair value, including interest income and dividend income if any, recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

Equity instruments:

The company subsequently measures all equity investments at fair value. Where the Company''s management has elected to present fair value gains and losses on equity investments in other comprehensive income, there is no subsequent reclassification of fair value gains and losses to the Statement of Profit and Loss. Dividends from such investments are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss as other income when the Company''s right to receive payments is established.

Impairment

The Company assesses on a forward looking basis the expected credit losses associated with its financial assets carried at amortised cost and FVTOCI debt instruments. The impairment methodology applied depends on whether there has been a signifi cant increase in credit risk.

For trade receivables only, the Company applies the simplified approach permitted by Ind AS 109 Financial Instruments, which requires expected lifetime losses to be recognised from initial recognition of the receivables. The impairment losses and reversals are recognised in Statement of Profit and Loss.

De-recognition

The Company derecognises a financial asset when the contractual rights to the cash flows from the financial asset expire, or it transfers rights to receive cash flows from an asset, it evaluates if and to what extent it has retained the risks and rewards of ownership. When it has neither transferred nor retained substantially all of the risks and rewards of the asset, nor transferred control of the asset, the Company continues to recognise the transferred asset to the extent of the Company''s continuing involvement. In that case, the Company also recognises an associated liability. The transferred asset and the associated liability are measured on a basis that reflects the rights and obligations that the Company has retained.

On de-recognition of equity instruments measured at FVTOCI, the cumulative gain or loss previously reconised in other comprehensive income is reclassified from other equity to retain earning as a reclassification adjustment.

Financial Liabilities

Financial liabilities are recognised when the Company becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instruments. Financial liabilities are initially recognised at fair

value net of transaction costs for all financial liabilities not carried at fair value through profit or loss.

Financial liabilities measured at amortised cost are subsequently measured at using EIR method. Financial liabilities carried at fair value through profit or loss are measured at fair value with all changes in fair value recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

De-recognition

A financial liability is derecognised when the obligation under the liability is discharged or cancelled or expires. When an existing financial liability is replaced by another from the same lender on substantially different terms, or the terms of an existing liability are substantially modified, such an exchange or modification is treated as the derecognition of the original liability and the recognition of a new liability. The difference in the respective carrying amounts is recognised in the statement of profit or loss.

Offsetting of financial instruments

Financial assets and financial liabilities are offset and the net amount is reported in the Balance Sheet if there is a currently enforceable legal right to offset the recognised amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis, to realise the assets and settle the liabilities simultaneously.

Derivative financial instruments:

Derivative financial instruments such as future contracts are initially recognised at fair value on the date a derivative contract is entered into and are subsequently re-measured at their fair value with changes in fair value recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss in the period when they arise.

h) Fair Value Measurement

The Company measures financial instruments, such as, derivatives at fair value at each balance sheet date.

Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date.

The fair value measurement is based on the presumption that the transaction to sell the asset or transfer the liability takes place either:

S In the principal market for the asset or liability, or

S In the absence of a principal market, in the most

advantageous market for the asset or liability

The principal or the most advantageous market must be

accessible by the Company.

The fair value of an asset or a liability is measured using the assumptions that market participants would use when pricing the asset or liability, assuming that market participants act in their best economic interest.

A fair value measurement of a non-financial asset takes into account a market participant''s ability to generate economic benefits by using the asset in its highest and best use or by selling it to another market participant that would use the asset in its highest and best use. The Company uses valuation techniques that are appropriate in the circumstances and for which sufficient data are available to measure fair value, maximising the use of relevant observable inputs and minimising the use of unobservable inputs.

All assets and liabilities for which fair value is measured or disclosed in the financial statements are categorised within the fair value hierarchy, described as follows, based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement as a whole:

S Level 1 — Quoted (unadjusted) market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities

S Level 2 — Valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement is directly or indirectly observable

S Level 3 — Valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement is unobservable

For assets and liabilities that are recognised in the financial statements on a recurring basis, the Company determines whether transfers have occurred between levels in the hierarchy by re-assessing categorisation (based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement as a whole) at the end of each reporting period.

For the purpose of fair value disclosures, the Company has determined classes of assets and liabilities on the basis of the nature, characteristics and risks of the asset or liability and the level of the fair value hierarchy as explained above.

i) Borrowings:

Borrowings are initially recognised at net of transaction costs incurred. Borrowings are subsequently measured at amortised cost. Any difference between the proceeds (net of transaction costs) and the redemption amount is recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss over the period of the borrowings using the effective interest method.

j) Borrowing costs:

General and specific borrowing costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of a qualifying asset are capitalised during the period of time that is required to complete and prepare the asset for its intended use or sale. Qualifying assets are assets that necessarily take a substantial period of time to get ready for their intended use or sale.

Other borrowing costs are expensed in the period in which they are incurred.

k) Provisions and contingent liabilities:

Provisions for legal claims, volume discounts and returns are recognised when the Company has a present legal or constructive obligation as a result of past events, it is probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation and the amount can be reliably estimated. Provisions are not recognised for future operating losses. The carrying amounts of provisions are reviewed at each balance sheet date and adjusted to reflect the current best estimate.

Where there are a number of similar obligations, the likelihood that an outflow will be required in settlement is determined by considering the class of obligations as a whole. A provision is recognised even if the likelihood of an outflow with respect to any one item included in the same class of obligations may be small.

Provisions are measured at the present value of management''s best estimate of the expenditure required to settle the present obligation at the end of the reporting period. The discount rate used to determine the present value is a pre-tax rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the liability. The increase in the provision due to the passage of time is recognised as interest expense.

A disclosure for contingent liabilities is made where there is a possible obligation or a present obligation that may probably not require an outflow of resources or an obligation for which the f

future outcome cannot be ascertained with reasonable certainty. When there is a possible or a present obligation where the likelihood of outflow of resources is remote, no provision or disclosure is made.

l) Revenue recognition:

The Company recognizes revenue, whenever control over distinct goods or services is transferred to the customer i.e. when the customer is able to direct the use of the transferred goods or services and obtains substantially all of the remaining benefits, provided a contract with enforceable rights and obligations exists and amongst others collectability of consideration is probable taking into account customer ''s creditworthiness.

Revenue is the transaction price the Company expects to be entitled to. In determining the transaction price, the Company considers effects of variable consideration, the existence of significant financing contracts, noncash consideration and consideration payable to the customer, if any. The Company considers whether there are other promises in the contract that are separate performance obligations to which the transaction price needs to be allocated (e.g. warranties etc.).

i) Variable Consideration:

If the consideration in a contract includes a variable amount, the company estimates the amount of consideration to which it will be entitled to in exchange for transferring goods to the customer. The variable consideration is estimated at contract inception and constrained until it is highly probable that a significant reversal of revenue will not occur once associated uncertainties are resolved. Some contracts with the customers provide them with a right to return and volume rebates. The right to return and volume rebates gives rise to variable consideration.

The amount of variable consideration is calculated by either using the expected value or the most likely amount depending on which is expected to better predict the amount of variable consideration. Consideration is also adjusted for the time value of money if the period between the transfer of goods or services and the receipt of payment exceeds twelve months and there is a significant financing benefit either to the customer or the Company. If a contract contains more than one distinct good or service, the transaction price is allocated to each performance obligation based on relative stand-alone selling prices. If stand-alone selling prices are not observable, the Company reasonably estimates those revenue is recognized for each performance obligation either at a point in time or over time.

ii) Sale of goods:

Revenue from the sale of goods is recognised when the control of the goods passes to the buyer either at the time of dispatch or delivery or when the risk of loss transfers. Export sales are recognized based on the shipped on board date as per bill of lading, which is when substantial risks and rewards of ownership are passed to the customers.

Revenue from sale of goods is net of taxes and recovery of charges collected from customers like transport, packing etc. Provision is made for returns when appropriate. Revenue is measured at the fair value of consideration received or receivable and is net of price discounts, allowance for volume rebates and similar items.

Claims / Refunds not ascertainable with reasonable certainty are accounted for, on final settlement and are recognized as revenue.

iii) Rendering of services:

Revenue from sale of services are recognized when the services are rendered.

iv) Investment Income:

Dividend income on investments is recognised when the right to receive dividend is established.

Interest income is recognized on a time proportionate basis taking into account the amounts invested and the rate of interest. For all financial instruments measured at amortised cost, interest income is recorded using the Effective interest rate method to the net carrying amount of the financial assets.

m) Employee Benefits:

The Company provides following post-employment plans:

(i) Defined benefit plans such as gratuity

(ii) Defined contribution plans such as Provident fund

a) Defined-benefit plan:

The liability or asset recognised in the balance sheet in respect of defined benefit gratuity plan is the present value of defined benefit obligations at the end of the reporting period less fair value of the plan assets. The defined benefit obligations is calculated annually by actuaries using the projected unit credit method.

The Company recognises the following changes in the net defined benefit obligation as an expense in the statement of profit and loss:

(a) Service costs comprising current service costs, past-service costs, gains and losses on curtailment and nonroutine settlements; and

(b) Net interest expense or income

The net interest cost is calculated by applying the discount rate to the net balance of the defined benefit obligation and fair value of the plan assets. This cost is included in employee benefit expenses in the statement of the profit & loss.

Re-measurement comprising of actuarial gains and losses arising from experience adjustment and changes in actuarial assumptions, the effect of asset excluding amounts included in net interest on the net defined benefit liability and the return on plan assets (excluding amounts included in net interest on the net defined benefit liability) ceiling are recognised in the period in which they occur directly in Other comprehensive income. Re-measurement are not reclassified to profit or loss in subsequent periods.

b) Defined-contribution plan:

Under defined contribution plans, provident fund, the Company pays pre-defined amounts to separate funds and does not have any legal or informal obligation to pay additional sums. These comprise of contributions to the employees'' provident fund with the government, superannuation fund and certain state plans like Employees'' State Insurance and Employees'' Pension Scheme. The Company''s payments to the defined contribution plans are recognised as expenses during the period in which the employees perform the services that the payment covers.

c) Other employee benefit

Compensated absences which are not expected to occur within twelve months after the end of the period in which the employee renders the related services are recognised as a liability at the present value of the obligation as at the Balance sheet date based on an actuarial valuation.

n) Foreign Currency Transaction:

The financial statements are presented in Indian rupee (INR), which is company''s functional and presentation currency.

Foreign exchange differences regarded as an adjustment to borrowing costs are presented in the statement of profit and loss, within finance costs. All other foreign exchange gains and losses are presented in the statement of profit and loss as other income / miscellaneous expenses.

At the end of each reporting period, monetary items denominated in foreign currencies are retranslated at the rates prevailing at that date. Non-monetary items carried at fair value that are denominated in foreign currencies are retranslated at the rates prevailing at the date when the fair value was determined.

o) Income tax

Income tax expense comprises current tax expense and the net change in the deferred tax asset or liability during the year. Current and deferred taxes are recognised in Statement of Profit and Loss except when they relate to items that are recognised in other comprehensive income or directly in equity, in such case, the current and deferred tax are also recognised in other comprehensive income or directly in equity, respectively.

Current tax is measured at the amount of tax expected to be payable on the taxable income for the year as determined in accordance with the provisions of the Income Tax Act, 1961. Deferred income tax is recognised using the Balance Sheet approach. Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are recognised for deductible and taxable temporary differences arising between the tax base of assets and liabilities and their carrying amount, except when the deferred income tax arises from the initial recognition of an asset or liability in a transaction that is not a business combination and affects neither accounting nor taxable profit or loss at the time of the transaction.

Deferred tax assets are recognised only to the extent that it is probable that either future taxable profits or reversal of deferred tax liabilities will be available, against which the deductible temporary differences and the carry forward of unused tax credits and unused tax losses can be utilised.

The carrying amount of a deferred tax asset shall be reviewed at the end of each reporting date and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profit will be available to allow all or part of the deferred income tax asset to be utilised.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using the tax rates and tax laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the end of the reporting period and are expected to apply when the related deferred tax asset is realised or the deferred tax liability is settled.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are off set when there is a legally enforceable right to off set current tax assets and liabilities and when the deferred tax balances relate to the same taxation authority.

Minimum Alternative Tax (''MAT'') credit is recognised as an asset only when and to the extent there is convincing evidence that the Company will pay normal income-tax during the specified period. In the year in which the MAT credit becomes eligible to be recognised as an asset, the said asset is created by way of a credit to the statement of profit and loss. The Company reviews the same at each balance sheet date and writes down the carrying amount of MAT credit entitlement to the extent there is no longer convincing evidence to the effect that Company will pay normal income-tax during the specified period.

p) Segment Reporting:

The Company has identified its Managing Director as the Chief Operating Decision Maker. Operating segments are reported in a manner consistent with the internal reporting provided to managing director of the Company. The Managing Director evaluates the Company''s performance and allocates resources as a whole.

q) Research and Development:

Research costs are expensed as incurred. Product development costs are expensed as incurred unless technical and commercial feasibility of the project is demonstrated, further economic benefits are probable, the Company has an intention and ability to complete and use or sell the product and the costs can be measured reliably.

r) Earnings Per Share:

Basic EPS is arrived at based on net profit or (loss) after taxation available to equity shareholders to the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year.

The diluted EPS is calculated on the same basis as basic EPS, after adjusting for the effects of potential dilutive equity shares unless impact is anti-dilutive.

s) Contract balances:

i ) Trade Receivables:

A receivable represents the Company''s right to an amount of consideration that is unconditional (i.e. only a passage of time is required to before payment of the consideration is due).

ii) Contract liabilities:

A contract liability is the obligation to transfer goods or services to a customer for which the company has received consideration (or an amount of consideration is due) from the customer. If a customer pays consideration before the company transfer goods and services to the customer, a contract liability

is recognised when the payment is made or the payment is due, whichever is earlier. Contract liabilities are recognised as revenue when the company performs under the contract.

t) Recent Accounting Pronouncements:

Ministry of Corporate Affairs (“MCA”) notifies new standard or amendments to the existing standards under Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules as issued from time to time. On March 31, 2023, MCA amended the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015 by issuing the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Amendment Rules, 2023, applicable from April 1,2023, as below:

Ind AS 1 - Presentation of Financial Statements The amendments require companies to disclose their material accounting policies rather than their significant accounting policies. Accounting policy information, together with other information, is material when it can reasonably be expected to influence decisions of primary users of general purpose financial statements.

Ind AS 8 - Accounting Policies, Changes in Accounting Estimates and Errors

The definition of a “change in accounting estimates” has been replaced with a definition of “accounting estimates”. Accounting estimates are defined as “monetary amounts in financial statements that are subject to measurement uncertainty”. Entities develop accounting estimates if accounting policies require items in financial statements to be measured in a way that involves measurement uncertainty.

Ind AS 12 - Income Taxes

The amendments clarify how companies account for deferred tax on transactions such as leases and decommissioning obligations. The amendments narrowed the scope of the Initial recognition exemption of Ind AS 12 so that it no longer applies to transactions that, on initial recognition, give rise to equal taxable and deductible temporary differences. Accordingly, companies will need to recognise a deferred tax asset and a deferred tax liability for temporary differences arising on transactions such as initial recognition of a lease and a decommissioning provision.

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Mar 31, 2018

SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND NOTES FORMING PART OF THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31^st MARCH, 2018

CORPORATE OVERVIEW:

Hindustan Composites Limited ("the Company") is a public limited company domiciled in India and is incorporated under the provision of the Companies Act applicable in India. Its shares are listed on Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE) and National Stock Exchange (NSE) of India.

The registered office of the Company is located at Peninsula Business Park, A Tower, 8th Floor, Senapati Bapat Marg, Lower Parel, Mumbai 400 013 (Maharastra).

The Company is engaged in the business of manufacturing and marketing of fibre based friction material, consisting of Brake Liners, Roll Lining, Brake Block, Clutch Facing etc and investment of its surplus fund.

A. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

a) Basis of Preparation of Financial Statements:

These standalone financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the Indian Accounting Standards (hereinafter referred to as the ''Ind AS'') as notified by Ministry of Corporate Affairs pursuant to section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013 (‘the Act’) read with rule 4 of the Companies (Indian Accounting standards) Rules, 2015 and amendment rules issued there after.

The financial statements of the Company are prepared on the accrual basis of accounting and historical cost convention except for the following material items that have been measured at fair value as required by the relevant Ind AS:

i) Certain financial assets and liabilities are measured at Fair value (refer note no. 42 financial instruments)

ii) Defined benefit employee plan (refer note no. 41)

All assets and liabilities have been classified as current or noncurrent as per the Company’s normal operating cycle and other criteria set out in the Schedule III to the Companies Act, 2013. Based on the nature of products and the time between acquisition of assets for processing and their realization in cash and cash equivalents, the Company has ascertained its operating cycle as 12 months for the purpose of current or non-current classification of assets and liabilities.

b) Uses of estimates and judgments:

The preparation of the financial statements requires the Management to make judgments, estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent liabilities as at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. The recognition, measurement, classification or disclosure of an item or information in the financial statements is made relying on these estimates.

The estimates and judgments used in the preparation of the financial statements are continuously evaluated by the Company and are based on historical experience and various other assumptions and factors (including expectations of future events) that the Company believes to be reasonable under the existing circumstances. Actual results may differ from those estimates. Any revision to accounting estimates is recognized prospectively in current and future periods.

Critical accounting judgments and key source of estimation uncertainty

The Company is required to make judgments, estimates and assumptions about the carrying amount of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. The estimates and associated assumptions are based on historical experience and other factors that are considered to be relevant. Actual results may differ from these estimates.

The estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an on-going basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognized in the period in which the estimate is revised if the revision affects only that period, or in the period of the revision and future period, if the revision affects current and future periods.

(a) Depreciation / amortisation and useful lives of property plant and equipment / intangible assets

Property, plant and equipment / intangible assets are depreciated / amortized over their estimated useful lives, after taking into account its estimated residual value. Management reviews the estimated useful lives and residual values of the assets annually in order to determine the amount of depreciation / amortisation to be recorded during any reporting period. The useful lives and residual values are based on the Company’s historical experience with similar assets and take into account anticipated technological changes. The depreciation / amortisation for future periods is revised if there are significant changes from previous estimates. Depreciation on the fixed assets added / disposed off/ discarded during the year is provided on pro-rata basis with reference to the month of addition / disposal / discarding.

(b) Provisions and liabilities

Provisions and liabilities are recognized in the period when it becomes probable that there will be a future outflow of funds resulting from past operations or events that can reasonably be estimated. The timing of recognition requires application of judgments to existing facts and circumstances which may be subject to change. The amounts are determined by discounting the expected future cash flows at a pretax rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the liability.

(c) Contingencies

In the normal course of business, contingent liabilities may arise from litigation and other claims against the Company. Potential liabilities that are possible but not probable of crystallizing or are very difficult to quantify reliably are treated as contingent liabilities. Such liabilities are disclosed in the notes but are not recognized in the financial statements.

(d) Measurement of defined benefit obligations

The present value of the defined benefit obligations depends on a number of factors that are determined on an actuarial basis. The assumptions used in determining the net interest cost/(income) for defined benefit plans include the discount rate. Any changes in these assumptions will impact the carrying amount of defined benefit obligations.

c) Property, plant and equipment and Intangible assets

Property, plant and equipment

Freehold land is carried at cost. All other items of property, plant and equipment are measured at historical cost less accumulated depreciation and impairment losses, if any. Costs include freight, import duties, non-refundable purchase taxes and other expenses directly attributable to the acquisition of the asset.

Subsequent costs are included in the asset''s carrying amount or recognized as a separate asset, as appropriate, only when it is probable that future economic benefits associated with the item will flow to the company and the cost of the item can be measured reliably. The carrying amount of any component accounted for as a separate asset is derecognized when replaced. All other repairs and maintenance are charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss during the reporting period in which they are incurred.

The cost of property, plant and equipment which are not ready for their intended use before such date, are disclosed as capital work-in-progress.

The Company assesses at each Balance Sheet date whether there is any indication that any asset may be impaired. If any, such indication exists, the carrying value of such asset is reduced to its recoverable amount and the impairment loss is charged to profit and loss account. If at the balance Sheet date there is any deduction that a previously assessed impairment loss no longer exists, then such loss is reversed and the asset is restated to that effect.

Intangible assets

Technical Know How and Computer software are stated at cost, less accumulated amortisation and impairments, if any.

Depreciation/ amortisation methods, estimated useful lives and residual value

Depreciation is provided on a Straight Line Method, over

the estimated useful lives of assets. Leasehold land is amortized over period of lease. Leasehold improvements are amortized over the period of lease or estimated useful lives which ever is lower.

The company depreciates its property, plant and equipment over the useful life in the manner prescribed in Schedule II of the Companies Act, 2013 and management believe that useful lives of assets are same as those prescribed in Schedule II of the Companies Act, 2013.

The Company amortizes computer software with a useful life using the straight-line method over the period of 3 years from the date of acquisition.

Gains and losses on disposals are determined by comparing proceeds with carrying amount. These are included in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

d) As a lessee Operating Lease

Leases in which a significant portion of the risks and rewards of ownership are not transferred to the company as lessee are classified as operating leases. Payments made under operating leases are charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss on a straight-line basis over the period of the lease unless the payments are structured to increase in line with expected general inflation to compensate for the lessor''s expected inflationary cost increases.

e) Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash in hand and deposits which are readily convertible to known amounts of cash and which are subject to insignificant risk of changes in value and have an original maturity of three months or less, including money market deposits, commercial paper and investments. Bank overdrafts are shown within borrowings in current liabilities in the balance sheet.

f) Inventories

Inventories of Raw Materials, Work-in-Progress, Stores and Spares and Finished Goods are stated ''at cost or net realizable value, whichever is lower''. Cost comprise all cost of purchase, cost of conversion and other costs incurred in bringing the inventories to their present location and condition. The excise duty, whenever applicable in respect of closing inventory of finished goods is included as part of finished goods. Cost formula used is ''Weighted Average cost''. Due allowance is estimated and made for defective and obsolete items, wherever necessary, based on the past experience of the Company.

g) Financial Instruments Financial assets - Initial recognition

Financial assets are recognized when the Company

becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instruments. Financial assets other than trade receivables are initially recognized at fair value plus transaction costs for all financial assets not carried at fair value through profit or loss. Financial assets carried at fair value through profit or loss are initially recognized at fair value, and transaction costs are expensed in the statement of profit and loss.

Subsequent measurement

Financial assets are subsequently measured at amortized cost, fair value through other comprehensive income or fair value through profit or loss on the basis of both

(a) the entity’s business model for managing the financial assets and

(b) the contractual cash flow characteristics of the financial asset.

(i) Measured at amortized cost

Financial assets are subsequently measured at amortized cost, if these financial assets are held within a business module whose objective is to hold these assets in order to collect contractual cash flows and the contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified date to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.

(ii) Measured at fair value through other comprehensive income (FVTOCI):

Financial assets are measured at FVTOCI, if these financial assets are held within a business model whose objective is achieved by both collecting contractual cash flows that give rise on specified dates to solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding and by selling financial assets.

(iii) Measured at fair value through profit or loss (FVTPL):

Financial assets other than equity instrument are measured at FVTPL unless it is measured at amortized cost or at FVTOCI on initial recognition. Such financial assets are measured at fair value with all changes in fair value, including interest income and dividend income if any, recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

Equity instruments

The company subsequently measures all equity investments at fair value. Where the Company''s management has elected to present fair value gains and losses on equity investments in other comprehensive income, there is no subsequent reclassification of fair value gains and losses to the Statement of Profit and Loss. Dividends from such investments are recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss as other income when the Company''s right to receive payments is established.

Impairment

The Company assesses on a forward looking basis the expected credit losses associated with its financial assets carried at amortized cost and FVTOCI debt instruments. The impairment methodology applied depends on whether there has been a significant increase in credit risk. For trade receivables only, the Company applies the simplified approach permitted by Ind AS 109 Financial Instruments, which requires expected lifetime losses to be recognized from initial recognition of the receivables. The impairment losses and reversals are recognized in Statement of Profit and Loss.

De-recognition

The Company derecognizes a financial asset when the contractual rights to the cash flows from the financial asset expire, or it transfers rights to receive cash flows from an asset, it evaluates if and to what extent it has retained the risks and rewards of ownership. When it has neither transferred nor retained substantially all of the risks and rewards of the asset, nor transferred control of the asset, the Company continues to recognize the transferred asset to the extent of the Company’s continuing involvement. In that case, the Company also recognizes an associated liability. The transferred asset and the associated liability are measured on a basis that reflects the rights and obligations that the Company has retained. On de-recognition of equity instruments measured at FVTOCI, the cumulative gain or loss previously recognized in other comprehensive income is reclassified from other equity to retain earning as a reclassification adjustment.

Financial Liabilities

Financial liabilities are recognized when the Company becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instruments. Financial liabilities are initially recognized at fair value net of transaction costs for all financial liabilities not carried at fair value through profit or loss.

Financial liabilities measured at amortized cost are subsequently measured at using EIR method. Financial liabilities carried at fair value through profit or loss are measured at fair value with all changes in fair value recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

De-recognition

A financial liability is derecognized when the obligation under the liability is discharged or cancelled or expires. When an existing financial liability is replaced by another from the same lender on substantially different terms, or the terms of an existing liability are substantially modified, such an exchange or modification is treated as the derecognition of the original liability and the recognition of a new liability. The difference in the respective carrying amounts is recognized in the statement of profit or loss.

Offsetting of financial instruments

Financial assets and financial liabilities are offset and the net amount is reported in the Balance Sheet if there is a currently enforceable legal right to offset the recognized amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis, to realize the assets and settle the liabilities simultaneously.

Derivative financial instruments

Derivative financial instruments such as future contracts are initially recognized at fair value on the date a derivative contract is entered into and are subsequently re-measured at their fair value with changes in fair value recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss in the period when they arise.

h) Fair Value Measurement

The Company measures financial instruments, such as, derivatives at fair value at each balance sheet date. air value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The fair value measurement is based on the presumption that the transaction to sell the asset or transfer the liability takes place either:

S In the principal market for the asset or liability, or

S In the absence of a principal market, in the most advantageous market for the asset or liability

The principal or the most advantageous market must be accessible by the Company. The fair value of an asset or a liability is measured using the assumptions that market participants would use when pricing the asset or liability, assuming that market participants act in their best economic interest.

A fair value measurement of a non-financial asset takes into account a market participant’s ability to generate economic benefits by using the asset in its highest and best use or by selling it to another market participant that would use the asset in its highest and best use. The Company uses valuation techniques that are appropriate in the circumstances and for which sufficient data are available to measure fair value, maximizing the use of relevant observable inputs and minimizing the use of unobservable inputs. All assets and liabilities for which fair value is measured or disclosed in the financial statements are categorized within the fair value hierarchy, described as follows, based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement as a whole:

S Level 1 — Quoted (unadjusted) market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities

S Level 2 — Valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement is directly or indirectly observable

S Level 3 — Valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement is unobservable

For assets and liabilities that are recognized in the financial statements on a recurring basis, the Company determines whether transfers have occurred between levels in the hierarchy by re-assessing categorization (based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement as a whole) at the end of each reporting period. For the purpose of fair value disclosures, the Company has determined classes of assets and liabilities on the basis of the nature, characteristics and risks of the asset or liability and the level of the fair value hierarchy as explained above.

I) Borrowings

Borrowings are initially recognized at net of transaction costs incurred. Borrowings are subsequently measured at amortized cost. Any difference between the proceeds (net of transaction costs) and the redemption amount is recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss over the period of the borrowings using the effective interest method.

j) Borrowing costs

General and specific borrowing costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of a qualifying asset are capitalized during the period of time that is required to complete and prepare the asset for its intended use or sale. Qualifying assets are assets that necessarily take a substantial period of time to get ready for their intended use or sale.

Other borrowing costs are expensed in the period in which they are incurred.

k) Provisions and contingent liabilities

Provisions for legal claims, volume discounts and returns are recognized when the Company has a present legal or constructive obligation as a result of past events, it is probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation and the amount can be reliably estimated. Provisions are not recognized for future operating losses. The carrying amounts of provisions are reviewed at each balance sheet date and adjusted to reflect the current best estimate.

Where there are a number of similar obligations, the likelihood that an outflow will be required in settlement is determined by considering the class of obligations as a whole. A provision is recognized even if the likelihood of an outflow with respect to any one item included in the same class of obligations may be small.

Provisions are measured at the present value of management''s best estimate of the expenditure required to settle the present obligation at the end of the reporting period. The discount rate used to determine the present value is a pre-tax rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the liability. The increase in the provision due to the passage of time is recognized as interest expense.

A disclosure for contingent liabilities is made where there is a possible obligation or a present obligation that may

probably not require an outflow of resources or an obligation for which the future outcome cannot be ascertained with reasonable certainty. When there is a possible or a present obligation where the likelihood of outflow of resources is remote, no provision or disclosure is made.

l) Revenue recognition

Revenue is measured at the fair value of the consideration received or receivable. Amounts disclosed as revenue are inclusive of excise duties and net of returns, trade allowances, rebates, value added taxes and amounts collected on behalf of third parties. The Company recognizes revenue when the amount of revenue can be reliably measured, it is probable that future economic benefits will flow to the entity.

Sale of goods

Timing of recognition: Sales are recognized when substantial risk and rewards of ownership are transferred to customer. In case of domestic sales take place when goods are dispatched or delivery is handed over to customer’s logistics. In case of export sales take place when goods are shipped on-board, based on bill of lading.

Interest income

Interest income from a financial asset is recognized when it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the Company and the amount of income can be measured reliably.

Dividend income

Dividend income is recognized when the Company’s right to receive the payment has been established.

m) Employee Benefits

The Company provides following post-employment plans: (i) Defined benefit plans such as gratuity and pension & (ii) Defined contribution plans such as Provident fund

a) Defined-benefit plan

The liability or asset recognized in the balance sheet in respect of defined benefit pension and gratuity plan is the present value of defined benefit obligations at the end of the reporting period less fair value of the plan assets. The defined benefit obligations is calculated annually by actuaries using the projected unit credit method. The Company recognizes the following changes in the net defined benefit obligation as an expense in the statement of profit and loss:(a) Service costs comprising current service costs, past-service costs, gains and losses on curtailment and non-routine settlements; and (b) Net interest expense or income.

The net interest cost is calculated by applying the discount rate to the net balance of the defined benefit obligation and fair value of the plan assets. This cost is included in employee benefit expenses in the statement of the profit & loss. Re-measurement

comprising of actuarial gains and losses arising from experience adjustment and changes in actuarial assumptions, the effect of asset excluding amounts included in net interest on the net defined benefit liability and the return on plan assets (excluding amounts included in net interest on the net defined benefit liability) ceiling are recognized in the period in which they occur directly in Other comprehensive income. Re-measurement are not reclassified to profit or loss in subsequent periods.

b) Defined-contribution plan

Under defined contribution plans, provident fund, the Company pays pre-defined amounts to separate funds and does not have any legal or informal obligation to pay additional sums. These comprise of contributions to the employees’ provident fund with the government, superannuation fund and certain state plans like Employees’ State Insurance and Employees’ Pension Scheme. The Company’s payments to the defined contribution plans are recognized as expenses during the period in which the employees perform the services that the payment covers.

c) Other employee benefit

Compensated absences which are not expected to occur within twelve months after the end of the period in which the employee renders the related services are recognized as a liability at the present value of the obligation as at the Balance sheet date based on an actuarial valuation.

n) Foreign Currency Transaction

The financial statements are presented in Indian rupee (INR), which is company''s functional and presentation currency. Foreign exchange differences regarded as an adjustment to borrowing costs are presented in the statement of profit and loss, within finance costs. All other foreign exchange gains and losses are presented in the statement of profit and loss as other income / miscellaneous expenses. At the end of each reporting period, monetary items denominated in foreign currencies are retranslated at the rates prevailing at that date. Non-monetary items carried at fair value that are denominated in foreign currencies are retranslated at the rates prevailing at the date when the fair value was determined.

o) Income tax

Income tax expense comprises current tax expense and the net change in the deferred tax asset or liability during the year. Current and deferred taxes are recognized in Statement of Profit and Loss except when they relate to items that are recognized in other comprehensive income or directly in equity, in such case, the current and deferred tax are also recognized in other comprehensive income or directly in equity, respectively.

Current tax is measured at the amount of tax expected to be payable on the taxable income for the year as determined in accordance with the provisions of the Income Tax Act, 1961.

Deferred income tax is recognized using the Balance Sheet approach. Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are recognized for deductible and taxable temporary differences arising between the tax base of assets and liabilities and their carrying amount, except when the deferred income tax arises from the initial recognition of an asset or liability in a transaction that is not a business combination and affects neither accounting nor taxable profit or loss at the time of the transaction.

Deferred tax assets are recognized only to the extent that it is probable that either future taxable profits or reversal of deferred tax liabilities will be available, against which the deductible temporary differences and the carry forward of unused tax credits and unused tax losses can be utilized. The carrying amount of a deferred tax asset shall be reviewed at the end of each reporting date and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profit will be available to allow all or part of the deferred income tax asset to be utilized.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using the tax rates and tax laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the end of the reporting period and are expected to apply when the related deferred tax asset is realized or the deferred tax liability is settled. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are off set when there is a legally enforceable right to off set current tax assets and liabilities and when the deferred tax balances relate to the same taxation authority.

Minimum Alternative Tax (‘MAT’) credit is recognized as an asset only when and to the extent there is convincing evidence that the Company will pay normal income-tax during the specified period. In the year in which the MAT credit becomes eligible to be recognized as an asset, the said asset is created by way of a credit to the statement of profit and loss. The Company reviews the same at each balance sheet date and writes down the carrying amount of MAT credit entitlement to the extent there is no longer convincing evidence to the effect that Company will pay normal income-tax during the specified period.

p) Segment Reporting

The Company has identified its Managing Director as the Chief Operating Decision Maker. Operating segments are reported in a manner consistent with the internal reporting provided to managing director of the Company. The Managing Director evaluates the Company’s performance and allocates resources as a whole.

q) Research and Development

Research costs are expensed as incurred. Product development costs are expensed as incurred unless technical and commercial feasibility of the project is demonstrated, further economic benefits are probable, the Company has an intention and ability to complete and use or sell the product and the costs can be measured reliably.

r) Earnings Per Share

Basic EPS is arrived at based on net profit or (loss) after taxation available to equity shareholders to the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year. The diluted EPS is calculated on the same basis as basic EPS, after adjusting for the effects of potential dilutive equity shares unless impact is anti-dilutive.

s) New standards and interpretations not yet adopted

Ind AS 115 Revenue from Contracts with Customers

Ind AS 115, Revenue from Contracts with Customers was initially notified under the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015. The standard applies to contracts with customers. The core principle of the new standard is that an entity should recognize revenue to depict transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. Further, the new standard requires enhanced disclosures about the nature, timing and uncertainty of revenues and cash flows arising from the entity’s contracts with customers. The new standard offers a range of transition options. An entity can choose to
apply the new standard to its historical transactions -and retrospectively adjust each comparative period. Alternatively, an entity can recognize the cumulative effect of applying the new standard at the date of initial application and make no adjustments to its comparative information. The chosen transition option can have a significant effect on revenue trends in the financial statements. A change in the timing of revenue recognition may require a corresponding change in the timing of recognition of related costs.

t) Amendment to Ind AS 21, Foreign currency transactions and advance consideration

On March 28, 2018, Ministry of Corporate Affairs ("MCA") has notified the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Amendment Rules, 2018 effective from April

1, 2018 containing Appendix B to Ind AS 21, Foreign currency transactions and advance consideration which clarifies the date of the transaction for the purpose of determining the exchange rate to use on initial recognition of the related asset, expense or income, when an entity has received or paid advance consideration in a foreign currency.

The above standard is applicable from 1^st April 2018 i.e. Financial Year 2018-19 and not expected to have any significant impact on the Company’s Financial Statements.

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Mar 31, 2017

CORPORATE OVERVIEW:

Hindustan Composites Limited ("the Company") is a public company domiciled in India and is incorporated under the provision of the Companies Act applicable in India. Its shares are listed on Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE) and National Stock Exchange (NSE) of India.

The registered office of the Company is located at Peninsula Business Park, A Tower, 8th Floor, Senapati Bapat Marg, Lower Parel, Mumbai 400 013.

The Company is engaged in the business of manufacturing and marketing of fibre based friction material, consisting of Brake Liners, Roll Lining, Brake Block, Clutch Facing etc and investment of its surplus fund.

SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND NOTES FORMING PART OF THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31^st MARCH, 2017

a) Basis of Preparation of Financial Statements:

These standalone financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the Indian Accounting Standards (hereinafter referred to as the ''Ind AS'') as notified by Ministry of Corporate Affairs pursuant to section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013 (‘the Act’) read with rule 4 of the Companies (Indian Accounting standards) Rules, 2015 and other related provisions of the Act. The figures for the previous year ended March 31, 2016 and opening balance sheet as on April 01, 2015 have also been reinstated by the management as per the requirements of Ind AS.

These financial statements are the first financial statements of the Company under Ind AS. Refer note 41 for an explanation of how the transition from previous GAAP to Ind AS has affected the Company''s financial position, financial performance and cash flows.

The accounting policies are applied consistently to all the periods presented in the financial statements, including the preparation of the opening Ind AS Balance Sheet as at 1st April, 2015 being the date of transition to Ind AS.

The financial statements of the Company are prepared on the accrual basis of accounting and Historical cost convention except for the following material items that have been measured at fair value as required by the relevant Ind AS:

i) Certain financial assets and liabilities are measured at Fair value (refer note no. 42 financial instruments)

ii) Defined benefit employee plan (refer note no. 40)

All assets and liabilities have been classified as current or noncurrent as per the Company’s normal operating cycle and other criteria set out in the Schedule III to the Companies Act, 2013. Based on the nature of products and the time between acquisition of assets for processing and their realization in cash and cash equivalents, the Company has ascertained its operating cycle as 12 months for the purpose of current or non-current classification of assets and liabilities.

b) Uses of estimates and judgments:

The preparation of the financial statements requires the Management to make, judgments, estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent liabilities as at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. The recognition, measurement, classification or disclosure of an item or information in the financial statements is made relying on these estimates.

The estimates and judgments used in the preparation of the financial statements are continuously evaluated by the Company and are based on historical experience and various other assumptions and factors (including expectations of future events) that the Company believes to be reasonable under the existing circumstances. Actual results may differ from those estimates. Any revision to accounting estimates is recognized prospectively in current and future periods.

Critical accounting judgments and key source of estimation uncertainty

The Company is required to make judgments, estimates and assumptions about the carrying amount of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. The estimates and associated assumptions are based on historical experience and other factors that are considered to be relevant. Actual results may differ from these estimates.

The estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an on-going basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognized in the period in which the estimate is revised if the revision affects only that period, or in the period of the revision and future period, if the revision affects current and future periods.

(a) Depreciation / amortization and useful lives of property, plant and equipment / intangible assets

Property, plant and equipment / intangible assets are depreciated / amortized over their estimated useful lives, after taking into account estimated residual value. Management reviews the estimated useful lives and residual values of the assets annually in order to determine the amount of depreciation / amortization to be recorded during any reporting period. The useful lives and residual values are based on the Company’s historical experience with similar assets and take into account anticipated technological changes. The depreciation / amortization for future periods is revised if there are significant changes from previous estimates.

(b) Provisions and liabilities

Provisions and liabilities are recognized in the period when it becomes probable that there will be a future outflow of funds resulting from past operations or events that can reasonably be estimated. The timing of recognition requires application of judgement to existing facts and circumstances which may be subject to change. The amounts are determined by discounting the expected future cash flows at a pre-tax rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the liability.

(c) Contingencies

In the normal course of business, contingent liabilities may arise from litigation and other claims against the Company. Potential liabilities that are possible but not probable of crystallising or are very difficult to quantify reliably are treated as contingent liabilities. Such liabilities are disclosed in the notes but are not recognized.

(d) Measurement of defined benefit obligations

The present value of the defined benefit obligations depends on a number of factors that are determined on an actuarial basis. The assumptions used in determining the net interest cost/(income) for defined benefit plans include the discount rate. Any changes in these assumptions will impact the carrying amount of defined benefit obligations.

c) Property, plant and equipment and Intangible assets Property, plant and equipment

Freehold land is carried at cost. All other items of property, plant and equipment are measured at historical cost less accumulated depreciation and impairment losses, if any. Costs include freight, import duties, non-refundable purchase taxes and other expenses directly attributable to the acquisition of the asset.

Subsequent costs are included in the asset''s carrying amount or recognized as a separate asset, as appropriate, only when it is probable that future economic benefits associated with the item will flow to the company and the cost of the item can be measured reliably. The carrying amount of any component accounted for as a separate asset is derecognized when replaced. All other repairs and maintenance are charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss during the reporting period in which they are incurred.

The cost of property, plant and equipment which are not ready for their intended use before such date, are disclosed as capital work-in-progress.

The Company assesses at each Balance Sheet date whether there is any indication that any asset may be impaired. If any, such indication exists, the carrying value of such asset is reduced to its recoverable amount and the impairment loss is charged to profit and loss account. If at the balance Sheet date there is any deduction that a previously assessed impairment loss no longer exists, then such loss is reversed and the asset is restated to that effect.

Intangible assets:

Technical Know How and Computer software are stated at cost, less accumulated amortization and impairments, if any.

Depreciation/ amortization methods, estimated useful lives and residual value

Depreciation is provided on a Straight Line Method, over the estimated useful lives of assets. Leasehold land is amortized over period of lease. Leasehold improvements are amortized over the period of lease or estimated useful lives whichever is lower.

The company depreciates its property, plant and equipment over the useful life in the manner prescribed in Schedule II of the Companies Act, 2013 and management believe that useful lives of assets are same as those prescribed in Schedule II of the Companies Act, 2013.

The Company amortizes computer software with a useful life using the straight-line method over the period of 3 years from the date of acquisition.

Gains and losses on disposals are determined by comparing proceeds with carrying amount. These are included in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

d) As a lessee Operating Lease

Leases in which a significant portion of the risks and rewards of ownership are not transferred to the company as lessee are classified as operating leases. Payments made under operating leases are charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss on a straight-line basis over the period of the lease unless the payments are structured to increase in line with expected general inflation to compensate for the less or’s expected inflationary cost increases.

e) Cash and Cash Equivalents:

Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash in hand and deposits which are readily convertible to known amounts of cash and which are subject to insignificant risk of changes in value and have an original maturity of three months or less, including money market deposits, commercial paper and investments. Bank overdrafts are shown within borrowings in current liabilities in the balance sheet.

f) Inventories:

Inventories of Raw Materials, Work-in-Progress, Stores and spares and Finished Goods are stated ''at cost or net realizable value, whichever is lower''.

Cost comprise all cost of purchase, cost of conversion and other costs incurred in bringing the inventories to their present location and condition. The excise duty in respect of closing inventory of finished goods is included as part of finished goods. Cost formula used is ''Weighted Average cost''. Due allowance is estimated and made for defective and obsolete items, wherever necessary, based on the past experience of the Company.

g) Financial Instruments Financial assets - Initial recognition

Financial assets are recognized when the Company becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instruments. Financial assets other than trade receivables are initially recognized at fair value plus transaction costs for all financial assets not carried at fair value through profit or loss. Financial assets carried at fair value through profit or loss are initially recognized at fair value, and transaction costs are expensed in the statement of profit and loss.

Subsequent measurement

Financial assets are subsequently measured at amortized cost, fair value through other comprehensive income or fair value through profit or loss on the basis of both

(a) the entity’s business model for managing the financial assets and

(b) the contractual cash flow characteristics of the financial asset.

(i) Measured at amortized cost:

Financial assets are subsequently measured at amortized cost, if these financial assets are held within a business module whose objective is to hold these assets in order to collect contractual cash flows and the contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified date to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.

(ii) Measured at fair value through other comprehensive income (FVTOCI):

Financial assets are measured at FVTOCI, if these financial assets are held within a business model whose objective is achieved by both collecting contractual cash flows that give rise on specified dates to solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding and by selling financial assets.

(iii) Measured at fair value through profit or loss (FVTPL):

Financial assets other than equity instrument are measured at FVTPL unless it is measured at amortized cost or at FVTOCI on initial recognition. Such financial assets are measured at fair value with all changes in fair value, including interest income and dividend income if any, recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

Equity instruments:

The company subsequently measures all equity investments at fair value. Where the Company''s

management has elected to present fair value gains and losses on equity investments in other comprehensive income, there is no subsequent reclassification of fair value gains and losses to the Statement of Profit and Loss. Dividends from such investments are recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss as other income when the Company''s right to receive payments is established.

Impairment

The Company assesses on a forward looking basis the expected credit losses associated with its financial assets carried at amortized cost and FVTOCI debt instruments. The impairment methodology applied depends on whether there has been a significant increase in credit risk.

For trade receivables only, the Company applies the simplified approach permitted by Ind AS 109 Financial Instruments, which requires expected lifetime losses to be recognized from initial recognition of the receivables. The impairment losses and reversals are recognized in Statement of Profit and Loss.

De-recognition

The Company derecognizes a financial asset when the contractual rights to the cash flows from the financial asset expire, or it transfers rights to receive cash flows from an asset, it evaluates if and to what extent it has retained the risks and rewards of ownership. When it has neither transferred nor retained substantially all of the risks and rewards of the asset, nor transferred control of the asset, the Company continues to recognize the transferred asset to the extent of the Company’s continuing involvement. In that case, the Company also recognizes an associated liability. The transferred asset and the associated liability are measured on a basis that reflects the rights and obligations that the Company has retained.

Financial Liabilities

Financial liabilities are recognized when the Company becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instruments. Financial liabilities are initially recognized at fair value net of transaction costs for all financial liabilities not carried at fair value through profit or loss. “

Financial liabilities measured at amortized cost are subsequently measured at using EIR method. Financial liabilities carried at fair value through profit or loss are measured at fair value with all changes in fair value recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

De-recognition

A financial liability is derecognized when the obligation under the liability is discharged or cancelled or expires. When an existing financial liability is replaced by another from the same lender on substantially different terms, or the terms of an existing liability are substantially modified, such an exchange or modification is treated as the derecognition of the original liability and the recognition of a new liability. The difference in the respective carrying amounts is recognized

in the statement of profit or loss.

Offsetting of financial instruments

Financial assets and financial liabilities are offset and the net amount is reported in the Balance Sheet if there is a currently enforceable legal right to offset the recognized amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis, to realize the assets and settle the liabilities simultaneously.

Derivative financial instruments:

Derivative financial instruments such as future contracts are initially recognized at fair value on the date a derivative contract is entered into and are subsequently re-measured at their fair value with changes in fair value recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss in the period when they arise.

h) Fair Value Measurement

The Company measures financial instruments, such as, derivatives at fair value at each balance sheet date.

Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date.

The fair value measurement is based on the presumption that the transaction to sell the asset or transfer the liability takes place either:

S In the principal market for the asset or liability, or

S In the absence of a principal market, in the most advantageous market for the asset or liability

The principal or the most advantageous market must be accessible by the Company.

The fair value of an asset or a liability is measured using the assumptions that market participants would use when pricing the asset or liability, assuming that market participants act in their economic best interest."

A fair value measurement of a non-financial asset takes into account a market participant’s ability to generate economic benefits by using the asset in its highest and best use or by selling it to another market participant that would use the asset in its highest and best use. The Company uses valuation techniques that are appropriate in the circumstances and for which sufficient data are available to measure fair value, maximizing the use of relevant observable inputs and minimizing the use of unobservable inputs.

All assets and liabilities for which fair value is measured or disclosed in the financial statements are categorized within the fair value hierarchy, described as follows, based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement as a whole:

S Level 1 — Quoted (unadjusted) market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities

S Level 2 — Valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement is directly or indirectly observable

S Level 3 — Valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement is unobservable

For assets and liabilities that are recognized in the financial statements on a recurring basis, the Company determines whether transfers have occurred between levels in the hierarchy by re-assessing categorization (based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement as a whole) at the end of each reporting period.

For the purpose of fair value disclosures, the Company has determined classes of assets and liabilities on the basis of the nature, characteristics and risks of the asset or liability and the level of the fair value hierarchy as explained above.

i) Borrowings:

Borrowings are initially recognized at net of transaction costs incurred. Borrowings are subsequently measured at amortized cost. Any difference between the proceeds (net of transaction costs) and the redemption amount is recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss over the period of the borrowings using the effective interest method.

j) Borrowing costs:

General and specific borrowing costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of a qualifying asset are capitalized during the period of time that is required to complete and prepare the asset for its intended use or sale. Qualifying assets are assets that necessarily take a substantial period of time to get ready for their intended use or sale.

Other borrowing costs are expensed in the period in which they are incurred.

k) Provisions and contingent liabilities:

Provisions for legal claims, volume discounts and returns are recognized when the Company has a present legal or constructive obligation as a result of past events, it is probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation and the amount can be reliably estimated. Provisions are not recognized for future operating losses. The carrying amounts of provisions are reviewed at each balance sheet date and adjusted to reflect the current best estimate.

Where there are a number of similar obligations, the likelihood that an outflow will be required in settlement is determined by considering the class of obligations as a whole. A provision is recognized even if the likelihood of an outflow with respect to any one item included in the same class of obligations may be small.

Provisions are measured at the present value of management''s best estimate of the expenditure required to settle the present obligation at the end of the reporting period. The discount rate used to determine the present value is a pre-tax rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the liability. The increase in the provision due to the passage of time is recognized as interest expense.

A disclosure for contingent liabilities is made where there is a possible obligation or a present obligation that may probably not require an outflow of resources or an obligation for which the future outcome cannot be ascertained with reasonable certainty. When there is a possible or a present obligation where the likelihood of outflow of resources is remote, no provision or disclosure is made.

l) Revenue recognition:

Revenue is measured at the fair value of the consideration received or receivable. Amounts disclosed as revenue are inclusive of excise duties and net of returns, trade allowances, rebates, value added taxes and amounts collected on behalf of third parties. The Company recognizes revenue when the amount of revenue can be reliably measured, it is probable that future economic benefits will flow to the entity.

Sale of goods -

Timing of recognition: Sales are recognized when substantial risk and rewards of ownership are transferred to customer. In case of domestic sales take place when goods are dispatched or delivery in handed over to customer’s logistics. In case of export sales take place when goods are shipped on-board, based on bill of lading.

Interest income:

Interest income from a financial asset is recognized when it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the Company and the amount of income can be measured reliably.

Dividend income:

Dividend income is recognized when the Company’s right to receive the payment has been established.

m) Employee Benefits:

The Company provides following post-employment plans:

(i) Defined benefit plans such as gratuity and pension and

(ii) Defined contribution plans such as Provident fund

a) Defined-benefit plan:

The liability or asset recognized in the balance sheet in respect of defined benefit pension and gratuity plan is the present value of defined benefit obligations at the end of the reporting period less fair value of the plan assets. The defined benefit obligations is calculated annually by actuaries using the projected unit credit method.

The Company recognizes the following changes in the net defined benefit obligation as an expense in the statement of profit and loss:

(a) Service costs comprising current service costs, past-service costs, gains and losses on curtailment and non-routine settlements; and

(b) Net interest expense or income

"The net interest cost is calculated by applying the discount rate to the net balance of the defined benefit obligation and fair value of the plan assets. This cost is included in employee benefit expenses in the statement of the profit and loss.

Re-measurement comprising of actuarial gains and losses arising from experience adjustment and changes in actuarial assumptions, the effect of asset, excluding amounts included in net interest on the net defined benefit liability and the return on plan assets (excluding amounts included in net interest on the net defined benefit liability) ceiling are recognized in the period in which they occur directly in Other comprehensive income. Re-measurement are not reclassified to profit or loss in subsequent periods.

b) Defined-contribution plan:

Under defined contribution plans, provident fund, the Company pays pre-defined amounts to separate funds and does not have any legal or informal obligation to pay additional sums. These comprise of contributions to the employees’ provident fund with the government, superannuation fund and certain state plans like Employees’ State Insurance and Employees’ Pension Scheme. The Company’s payments to the defined contribution plans are recognized as expenses during the period in which the employees perform the services that the payment covers.

c) Other employee benefit

Compensated absences which are not expected to occur within twelve months after the end of the period in which the employee renders the related services are recognized as a liability at the present value of the obligation as at the Balance sheet date based on an actuarial valuation.

n) Foreign Currency Transaction:

The financial statements are presented in Indian rupee (INR), which is company''s functional and presentation currency.

Foreign exchange differences regarded as an adjustment to borrowing costs are presented in the statement of profit and loss, within finance costs. All other foreign exchange gains and losses are presented in the statement of profit and loss as other income / miscellaneous expenses.

At the end of each reporting period, monetary items denominated in foreign currencies are retranslated at the rates prevailing at that date. Non-monetary items carried at fair value that are denominated in foreign currencies are retranslated at the rates prevailing at the date when the fair value was determined.”

o) Income tax

Income tax expense comprises current tax expense and the net change in the deferred tax asset or liability during the year. Current and deferred taxes are recognized in Statement of Profit and Loss, except when they relate to items that are recognized in other comprehensive income or directly in equity, in which case, the current and deferred tax are also recognized in other comprehensive income or directly in equity, respectively.

Current tax is measured at the amount of tax expected to be payable on the taxable income for the year as determined in accordance with the provisions of the Income Tax Act, 1961.

Deferred income tax is recognized using the Balance Sheet approach. Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are recognized for deductible and taxable temporary differences arising between the tax base of assets and liabilities and their carrying amount, except when the deferred income tax arises from the initial recognition of an asset or liability in a transaction that is not a business combination and affects neither accounting nor taxable profit or loss at the time of the transaction.

Deferred tax assets are recognized only to the extent that it is probable that either future taxable profits or reversal of deferred tax liabilities will be available, against which the deductible temporary differences, and the carry forward of unused tax credits and unused tax losses can be utilized.

The carrying amount of a deferred tax asset shall be reviewed at the end of each reporting date and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profit will be available to allow all or part of the deferred income tax asset to be utilized.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using the tax rates and tax laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the end of the reporting period and are expected to apply when the related deferred tax asset is realized or the deferred tax liability is settled.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are off set when there is a legally enforceable right to offset current tax assets and liabilities and when the deferred tax balances relate to the same taxation authority.

Minimum Alternative Tax (‘MAT’) credit is recognized as an asset only when and to the extent there is convincing evidence that the Company will pay normal income-tax during the specified period. In the year in which the MAT credit becomes eligible to be recognized as an asset, the said asset is created by way of a credit to the statement of profit and loss. The Company reviews the same at each balance sheet date and writes down the carrying amount of MAT credit entitlement to the extent there is no longer convincing evidence to the effect that Company will pay normal income-tax during the specified period.

p) Segment Reporting:

The Company has identified its Managing Director as the Chief Operating Decision Maker. Operating segments are reported in a manner consistent with the internal reporting provided to managing director of the Company. The Managing Director evaluates the Company’s performance and allocates resources as a whole.

q) Research and Development:

Research costs are expensed as incurred. Product development costs are expensed as incurred unless technical and commercial feasibility of the project is demonstrated, further economic benefits are probable, the Company has an intention and ability to complete and use or sell the product and the costs can be measured reliably.

r) Earnings Per Share:

Basic EPS is arrived at based on net profit or (loss) after taxation available to equity shareholders to the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year.

The diluted EPS is calculated on the same basis as basic EPS, after adjusting for the effects of potential dilutive equity shares unless impact is anti-dilutive.

(ii) Rights attached to equity shares:

The Company has only one class of equity shares having a par value of Rs. 10 each. Each holder of equity shares is entitled to one vote per share. In the event of liquidation, the equity shareholders are entitled to receive the remaining assets of the Company after payments to secured and unsecured creditors, in proportion to their shareholding.

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Mar 31, 2014

A) General:

i) The financial statements are prepared on the basis of historical cost convention, in accordance with the applicable accounting standards and on the accounting principals of a going concern. All expenses and income to the extent ascertainable with reasonable certainly are accounted for on accrual basis.

ii) Export benefit in terms of duty free imports of raw materials is accounted for in the year of exports.

b) Uses of estimates:

The preparation of financial statements to be in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosures of contingent liabilities on the date of financial statements and reported amounts of revenue and expenses for that year. Actual result could differ from these estimates. Any revision to accounting estimates is recognized prospectively.

c) Revenue recognition:

i) Revenue from sale of goods is recognized when significant risks and rewards of ownership are transferred to the customers and their logistics. Sales are net of sales returns and trade discounts.

ii) Interest is accrued over period of loans / Investments.

iii) Dividend is accrued in the year in which it is declared, whereby right to receive is established.

d) Fixed Assets:

i) Fixed assets are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation. Costs comprise the purchase price, related pre operational expenses, borrowing cost and any attributable cost of bringing the assets to its working conditions for its intended use.

ii) The Company assesses at each Balance Sheet date whether there is any indication that any asset may be impaired. If any, such indication exists, the carrying value of such asset is reduced to its recoverable amount and the impairment loss is charged to profit and loss account. If at the balance Sheet date there is any deduction that a previously assessed impairment loss no longer exists, then such loss is reversed and the asset is restated to that effect.

e) Depreciation:

Depreciation on fixed assets is provided on straight line method at the rates (except for the following) and in the manner specified in Schedule XIV to the Companies Act, 1956.

Depreciation on the fixed assets added/disposed off/ discarded during year is provided on pro-rata basis with reference to the month of addition/disposal/ discarding.

Depreciation on spares purchased for specific machinery and having irregular use is provided prospectively over the residual life of the specific machinery.

Leasehold land – long term is being amortised at the rate of 2.5% per annum on the original cost.

Intangible Assets:

i) Computer Software is amortised over a period of six years.

ii) Technical Knowhow is amortised over a period of ten years.

f) Investments:

i) Long term investments are stated at cost less amortised premium. No adjustment is made in the carrying cost for temporary decline in the value of long term investments.

ii) Current investments are carried at lower of the cost and fair value.

g) Inventories:

Inventories are valued at the lower of the cost (computed on weighted average basis) and estimated net realisable value after providing for obsolescence and other anticipated losses, if any. Finished goods and work in progress include costs of conversion and other costs incurred in bringing the inventory to their present locations and condition.

h) Employee Benefits:

i) Provident Fund and Superannuation Fund:

Retirement benefits in the form of provident fund/ superannuation fund are a defined contribution scheme and the contributions are charged to profit and loss account for the year when the contributions to the respective funds are due.

ii) Gratuity:

Gratuity liability is defined benefit obligations. The Company has taken an insurance policy under the Group Gratuity Scheme with the Life Insurance Corporation of India to cover the gratuity liability of all its employees up to the Sixty years of age and the amount paid /payable in respect of present value of liability of past services is provided for, on the actuarial valuation at the year end.

iii) Leave Entitlement:

Liability for leave entitlement is provided on the basis of the actuarial valuation at the year end.

i) Research and Development Expenditure:

Revenue expenditure is charged to statement of profit and loss and capital expenditure is added to the cost of fixed assets in the year in which it is incurred.

j) Foreign Currency Transaction:

Foreign currency transactions are recorded at the rate of exchange prevailing on the date of the transaction. Current assets and current liabilities are stated at the rate of exchange prevailing at the year end and resultant gains/loss is recognized in the profit and loss account.

In case of forward contracts, the exchange differences are dealt with in the profit and loss account over period of the contracts.

k) Borrowing Costs:

Borrowing costs attributable to acquisition or construction of qualifying assets are capitalised as part of the costs of such assets up to the date when such asset is ready for its intended use. Other borrowing costs are charged to the statement of profit and loss.

l) Accounting for Taxes on Income:

Income Tax expenses comprise current tax (amount of tax for the period determined in accordance with the Income Tax laws) and deferred tax charge or credit (reflecting the tax effects of timing difference between accounting income and taxable income for the year).

Deferred tax assets are recognized only to the extent that there is reasonable certainty that the assets can be realised in future; however where there is unabsorbed depreciation or carry forward loss under taxation laws, deferred tax assets are recognized only of there is a virtual certainly of realisation of such assets. Deferred tax assets are reviewed at each balance sheet date and written down or written up to reflect the amount that is reasonably / virtually certain as the case may be to be realised.

Credit entitlement in respect of Minimum Alternate Tax (MAT) is considered on management estimation of regular taxation in future.

m) Provisions, Contingent liabilities and Contingent assets:

Provisions are recognized only when there is present obligation as a result of past events and when a reliable estimate of the amount of the obligation can be made. Contingent liability is disclosed for (i) Possible obligations which will be confirmed only by future events not wholly within the control of the company or (ii)Present obligation arising from past events where it is not possible that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation or a reliable estimate of the amount of the obligation cannot be made. Contingent assets are not recognized in the financial statements since this may result in the recognition of income that may never be realised.

1.2 Rights attached to equity shares:

The Company has only one class of equity shares having a par value of Rs. 10 each. Each holder of equity shares is entitled to one vote per share. In the event of liquidation, the equity shareholders are entitled to receive the remaining assets of the Company after payments to secured and unsecured creditors, in proportion to their shareholding. Company has not issued any aggregate No. and class of share as fully paid-up pursuant to contract(s) whiteout payment being received in cash, bonus shares for the period of 5 years immediately preceding the Balance Sheet date.

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Mar 31, 2013

A) General:

i) The financial statements are prepared on the basis of historical cost convention, in accordance with the applicable accounting standards and on the accounting principals of a going concern. All expenses and income to the extent ascertainable with reasonable certainly are accounted for on accrual basis.

ii) Export benefit in terms of duty free imports of raw materials is accounted for in the year of exports.

b) Uses of estimates:

The preparation of financial statements to be in conformity with generally accepted accounting principals (GAAP) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosures of contingent liabilities on the date of financial statements and reported amounts of revenue and expenses for that year. Actual result could differ from these estimates. Any revision to accounting estimates is recognized prospectively.

c) Revenue recognition:

i) Revenue from sale of goods is recognized when significant risks and rewards of ownership are transferred to the customers and their logistics. Sales are net of sales returns and trade discounts.

ii) Interest is accrued over period of loans /Investments.

iii) Dividend is accrued in the year in which it is declared, whereby right to receive is established.

d) Fixed Assets:

i) Fixed assets are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation. Costs comprise the purchase price, related pre operational expenses, borrowing cost and any attributable cost of bringing the assets to its working conditions for its intended use.

ii) The Company assesses at each Balance Sheet date whether there is any indication that any asset may be impaired. If any, such indication exists, the carrying value of such asset is reduced to its recoverable amount and the impairment loss is charged to profit and loss account. If at the balance Sheet date there is any deduction that a previously assessed impairment loss no longer exists, then such loss is reversed and the asset is restated to that effect.

e) Depreciation:

Depreciation on fixed assets is provided on straight line method at the rates (except for the following) and in the manner specified in Schedule XIV to the Companies Act, 1956.

Depreciation on the fixed assets added/disposed off/ discarded during year is provided on pro-rata basis with reference to the month of addition/disposal/discarding.

Depreciation on spares purchased for specific machinery and having irregular use is provided prospectively over the residual life of the specific machinery.

Leasehold land - long term is being amortised at the rate of 2.5% per annum on the original cost.

Intangible Assets:

i) Computer Software is amortised over a period of six years

ii) Technical Knowhow is amortised over a period of ten years.

f) Investments:

i) Long term investments are stated at cost less amortised premium. No adjustment is made in the carrying cost for temporary decline in the value of long term investments.

ii) Current investments are carried at lower of the cost or market value.

g) Inventories:

Inventories are valued at the lower of the cost (computed on weighted average basis) and estimated net realisable value after providing for obsolescence and other anticipated losses, if any. Finished goods and work in progress include costs of conversion and other costs incurred in bringing the inventory to their present locations and condition.

h) Employee Benefits:

i) Provident Fund and Superannuation Fund:

Retirement benefits in the form of provident fund/superannuation fund are a defined contribution scheme and the contributions are charged to profit and loss account for the year when the contributions to the respective funds are due

ii) Gratuity:

Gratuity liability is defined benefit obligations. The Company has taken an insurance policy under the Group Gratuity Scheme with the Life Insurance Corporation of India to cover the gratuity liability of all its employees up to the Sixty years of age and the amount paid /payable in respect of present value of liability of past services is provided for, on the actuarial valuation at the year end.

iii) Leave Entitlement:

Liability for leave entitlement is provided on the basis of the actuarial valuation at the year end.

I) Research and Development Expenditure:

Revenue expenditure is charged to profit and loss account and capital expenditure is added to the cost of fixed assets in the year in which it is incurred.

j) Foreign Currency Transaction:

Foreign currency transactions are recorded at the rate of exchange prevailing on the date of the transaction. Current assets and current liabilities are stated at the rate of exchange prevailing at the year end and resultant gains/loss is recognized in the profit and loss account.

In case of forward contracts, the exchange differences are dealt with in the profit and loss account over period of the contracts.

k) Borrowing Costs:

Borrowing costs attributable to acquisition or construction of qualifying assets are capitalised as part of the costs of such assets up to the date when such asset is ready for its intended use. Other borrowing costs are charged to the profit and loss account.

l) Accounting for Taxes on Income:

Income Tax expenses comprise current tax (amount of tax for the period determined in accordance with the Income Tax laws) and deferred tax charge or credit (reflecting the tax effects of timing difference between accounting income and taxable income for the year).

Deferred tax assets are recognized only to the extent that there is reasonable certainty that the assets can be realised in future; however where there is unabsorbed depreciation or carry forward loss under taxation laws, deferred tax assets are recognized only of there is a virtual certainly of realisation of such assets. Deferred tax assets are reviewed at each balance sheet date and written down or written up to reflect the amount that is reasonably / virtually certain as the case may be to be realised.

Credit entitlement in respect of Minimum Alternate Tax (MAT) is considered on management estimation of regular taxation in future.

m) Provisions, Contingent liabilities and Contingent assets:

Provisions are recognized only when there is present obligation as a result of past events and when a reliable estimate of the amount of the obligation can be made. Contingent liability is disclosed for (i) Possible obligations which will be confirmed only by future events not wholly within the control of the company or (ii) Present obligation arising from past events where it is not possible that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation or a reliable estimate of the amount of the obligation cannot be made. Contingent assets are not recognized in the financial statements since this may result in the recognition of income that may never be realised.

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Mar 31, 2012

A) General:

i) The financial statements are prepared on the basis of historical cost convention, in accordance with the applicable accounting standards and on the accounting principles of a going concern. All expenses and income to the extent ascertainable with reasonable certainly are accounted for on accrual basis.

ii) Export benefit in terms of duty free imports of raw materials is accounted for in the year of exports.

b) Uses of estimates:

The preparation of financial statements to be in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosures of contingent liabilities on the date of financial statements and reported amounts of revenue and expenses for that year. Actual result could differ from these estimates. Any revision to accounting estimates is recognized prospectively.

c) Revenue recognition:

i) Revenue from sale of goods is recognized when significant risks and rewards of ownership are transferred to the customers and their logistics. Sales are net of sales returns and trade discounts.

ii) Interest is accrued over period of loans /Investments.

iii) Dividend is accrued in the year in which it is declared, whereby right to receive is established.

d) Fixed Assets:

i) Fixed assets are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation. Costs comprise the purchase price, related pre operational expenses, borrowing cost and any attributable cost of bringing the assets to its working conditions for its intended use.

ii) The Company assesses at each Balance Sheet date whether there is any indication that any asset may be impaired. If any, such indication exists, the carrying value of such asset is reduced to its recoverable amount and the impairment loss is charged to profit and loss account. If at the balance Sheet date there is any deduction that a previously assessed impairment loss no longer exists, then such loss is reversed and the asset is restated to that effect.

e) Depreciation:

Depreciation on fixed assets is provided on straight line method at the rates (except for the following) and in the manner specified in Schedule XIV to the Companies Act, 1956.

Depreciation on the Fixed Assets added / disposed off / discarded during year is provided on prorata basis with reference to the month of addition / disposal / discarding.

Depreciation on spares purchased for specific machinery and having irregular use is provided prospectively over the residual life of the specific machinery.

Leasehold land - long term is being amortised at the rate of 2.5% per annum on the original cost.

Intangible Assets:

i) Computer Software is amortised over a period of six years.

ii) Technical Knowhow is amortised over a period of ten years.

f) Investments:

i) Long term investments are stated at cost less amortised premium. No adjustment is made in the carrying cost for temporary decline in the value of long term investments.

ii) Current investments are carried at lower of the cost and fair value.

g) Inventories:

Inventories are valued at the lower of the cost (computed on weighted average basis) and estimated net realisable value after providing for obsolescence and other anticipated losses, if any. Finished goods and work in progress include costs of conversion and other costs incurred in bringing the inventory to their present locations and condition.

h) Employee Benefits:

i) Provident Fund and Superannuation Fund:

Retirement benefits in the form of provident fund/ superannuation fund are a defined contribution scheme and the contributions are charged to profit and loss account for the year when the contributions to the respective funds are due.

ii) Gratuity:

Gratuity liability is defined benefit obligations. The Company has taken an insurance policy under the Group Gratuity Scheme with the Life Insurance Corporation of India to cover the gratuity liability of all its employees up to the Sixty years of age and the amount paid /payable in respect of present value of liability of past services is provided for, on the actuarial valuation at the year end.

iii) Leave Entitlement:

Liability for leave entitlement is provided on the basis of the actuarial valuation at the year end.

i) Research and Development Expenditure:

Revenue expenditure is charged to profit and loss account and capital expenditure is added to the cost of fixed assets in the year in which it is incurred.

j) Foreign Currency Transaction:

Foreign currency transactions are recorded at the rate of exchange prevailing on the date of the transaction. Current assets and current liabilities are stated at the rate of exchange prevailing at the year end and resultant gains/loss is recognized in the profit and loss account.

In case of forward contracts, the exchange differences are dealt with in the profit and loss account over period of the contracts.

k) Borrowing Costs:

Borrowing costs attributable to acquisition or construction of qualifying assets are capitalised as part of the costs of such assets up to the date when such asset is ready for

its intended use. Other borrowing costs are charged to the profit and loss account.

I) Accounting for Taxes on Income:

Income Tax expenses comprise current tax (amount of tax for the period determined in accordance with the Income Tax laws) and deferred tax charge or credit (reflecting the tax effects of timing difference between accounting income and taxable income for the year).

Deferred tax assets are recognized only to the extent that there is reasonable certainty that the assets can be realised in future; however where there is unabsorbed depreciation or carry forward loss under taxation laws, deferred tax assets are recognized only of there is a virtual certainly of realisation of such assets. Deferred tax assets are reviewed at each balance sheet date and written down or written up to reflect the amount that is reasonably / virtually certain as the case may be to be realised.

Credit entitlement in respect of Minimum Alternate Tax (MAT) is considered on management estimation of regular taxation in future.

m) Provisions, Contingent liabilities and Contingent assets:

Provisions are recognised only when there is present obligation as a result of past events and when a reliable estimate of the amount of the obligation can be made. Contingent liability is disclosed for (i) Possible obligations which will be confirmed only by future events not wholly within the control of the company or (ii)Present obligation arising from past events where it is not possible that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation or a reliable estimate of the amount of the obligation cannot be made. Contingent assets are not recognised in the financial statements since this may result in the recognition' of income that may never be realised.

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Mar 31, 2011

A) General:

i) The financial statements are prepared on the basis of historical cost convention, in accordance with the applicable accounting standards and on the accounting principles of a going concern. All expenses and income to the extent ascertainable with reasonable certainty are accounted for on accrual basis.

ii) Export benefit in terms of duty free imports of raw materials is accounted for in the year of exports.

b) Use of estimates:

The preparation of financial statements to be in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosures of contingent liabilities on the date of financial statements and reported amounts of revenue and expenses for that year. Actual result could differ from these estimates. Any revision to accounting estimates is recognized prospectively.

c) Revenue recognition:

i) Revenue from sale of goods is recognized when significant risks and rewards of ownership are transferred to the customers and their logistics. Sales are net of sales returns and trade discounts.

ii) Interest is accrued over the period of loan /investment.

iii) Dividend is accrued in the year in which it is declared, whereby right to receive is established.

d) Fixed assets:

i) Fixed assets are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation. Costs comprise the purchase price, related pre-operational expenses, borrowing cost and any attributable cost of bringing the assets to its working condition for its intended use.

ii) Impairment of Assets:

The Company assesses at each Balance Sheet date whether there is any indication that any asset may be impaired. If any such indication exists, the carrying value of such asset is reduced to its recoverable amount and the impairment loss is charged to profit and loss account. If at the Balance Sheet date there is any deduction that a previously assessed impairment loss no longer exists, then such loss is reversed and the asset is restated to that effect.

e) Depreciation:

Depreciation on fixed assets is provided on straight line method at the rates (except for the following) and in the manner specified in Schedule XIV to the Companies Act, 1956:

Buildings: Rate applied Rates prescribed under Schedule XIV

a) Factory 3.5% 3.34%

b) Office 3.0% 1.63%

c) Residential 3.0% 1.63%

Depreciation on the fixed assets added/disposed off/discarded during the year is provided on pro-rata basis with reference to the month of addition/disposal/discarding.

Depreciation on spares purchased for specific machinery and having irregular use is provided prospectively over the residual life of the specific machinery.

Leasehold Land-long term is being amortized at the rate of 2.5% per annum on the original cost.

Intangible Assets :- Technical Know-How is depreciated, over a period of ten years in accordance with the requirements of Accounting Standard 26.

f) Investments:

i) Long term investments are stated at cost less amortised premium. No adjustment is made in the carrying cost for temporary decline in the value of long term investments.

ii) Current investments are carried at the lower of the cost and fair value.

g) Inventories:

Inventories are valued at the lower of the cost (computed on weighted average basis) and estimated net realizable value after providing for obsolescence and other anticipated losses, if any. Finished goods and work-in-progress include costs of conversion and other costs incurred in bringing the inventories to their present location and condition.

h) Employee benefits:

i) Provident Fund and Superannuation Fund: Retirement benefits in the form of Provident fund / Superannuation fund is a defined contribution scheme and the contributions are charged to the Profit & Loss Account of the year when the contributions to the respective funds are due.

ii) Gratuity:

Gratuity liability is defined benefit obligation. The company has taken an Insurance policy under the Group Gratuity Scheme with the Life Insurance Corporation of India to cover the gratuity liability of all its employee up to the sixty years of age and the amount paid /payable in respect of present value of liability of past services is provided for, on the actuarial valuation at the yearend.

iii) Leave Entitlement: Liability for leave entitlement is provided on the basis of the actuarial valuation at the year end.

iv) Deferred Revenue Expenditure: Compensation paid to employees who retire under the Early Voluntary Retirement Scheme is amortized over a period of 36 months from the month following the end of the scheme.

i) Research and Development Expenditure:

Revenue expenditure is charged to the Profit & Loss Account and Capital expenditure is added to the cost of Fixed Assets in the year in which it is incurred.

j) Translation of foreign currency:

Foreign currency transactions are recorded at the rate of exchange prevailing on the date of the transaction. Current assets and Current liabilities are stated at the rate of exchange prevailing at the year end and resultant gains/losses are recognised in the profit and loss account.

In case of forward contracts, the exchange differences are dealt with in the profit and loss account over the period of the contracts.

k) Borrowing costs:

Borrowing costs attributable to acquisition or construction of qualifying assets are capitalized as part of the cost of such assets upto the date when such asset is ready for its intended use. Other borrowing costs are charged to the Profit and Loss Account.

l) Accounting for Taxes on Income:

i) Income Tax expenses comprises current tax (i.e. amount of tax for the period determined in accordance with the income tax law) and deferred tax charge or credit (reflecting the tax effects of timing differences between accounting income and taxable income for the year).

ii) Deferred tax assets are recognized only to the extent that there is reasonable certainty that the assets can be realized in future; however where there is unabsorbed depreciation or carry forward loss under taxation laws, deferred tax assets are recognized only if there is a virtual certainty of realization of such assets. Deferred tax assets are reviewed at each balance sheet date and written down or written up to reflect the amount that is reasonably / virtually certain as the case may be to be realized.

iii) Credit Entitlement in respect of Minimum Alternate Tax ( MAT) is considered on management estimation of regular taxation in future.

m) Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets:

Provisions are recognised only when there is a present obligation as a result of past events and when a reliable estimate of the amount of the obligation can be made. Contingent liability is disclosed for (i) Possible obligations which will be confirmed only by future events not wholly within the control of the company or (ii) Present obligations arising form past events where it is not probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation or a reliable estimate of the amount of the obligation can not be made. Contingent Assets are not recognised in the financial statements since this may result in the recognition of income that may never be realised.

---

Mar 31, 2010

A) General:

i) The financial statements are prepared on the basis of historical cost convention, in accordance with the applicable accounting standards and on the accounting principles of a going concern. All expenses and income to the extent ascertainable with reasonable certainty are accounted for on accrual basis.

ii) Export benefit in terms of dutyfree imports of raw materials is accounted for in the year of exports.

b) Use of estimates:

The preparation of financial statements to be in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosures of contingent liabilities on the date of financial statements and reported amounts of revenue and expenses for that year. Actual result could differ from these estimates. Any revision to accounting estimates is recognized prospectively.

c) Revenue recognition:

i) Revenue from sale of goods is recognized when significant risks and rewards of ownership are transferred to the customers and their logistics. Sales are net of sales returns and trade discounts.

ii) Interest is accrued over the period of loan /investment.

iii) Dividend is accrued in the year in which it is declared, whereby right to receive is established.

d) Fixed assets:

i) Fixed assets are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation except in case of residential premises, which are stated at revalued amounts less accumulated depreciation. Costs comprise the purchase price, related pre-operational expenses, borrowing cost and any attributable cost of bringing the assets to its working condition for its intended use.

ii) Impairment of Assets:

The Company assesses at each Balance Sheet date whether there is any indication that any asset may be impaired. If any such indication exists, the carrying value of such asset is reduced to its recoverable amount and the impairment loss is charged to profit and loss account. If at the Balance Sheet date there is any deduction that a previously assessed impairment loss no longer exists, then such loss is reversed and the asset is restated to that effect.

e) Depreciation:

Depreciation on fixed assets is provided on straight line method at the rates (except for the following) and in the manner specified in Schedule XIV to the Companies Act, 1956:

Buildings: Rate applied Rates prescribed under Schedule XIV

a) Factory 3.5% 3.34%

b) Office 3.0% 1.63%

c) Residential 3.0% 1.36%

Depreciation on the fixed assets added/disposed off/discarded during the year is provided on pro-rata basis with reference to the month of addition/disposal/discarding.

Depreciation on spares purchased for specific machinery and having irregular use is provided prospectively over the residual life of the specific machinery.

Leasehold Land-long term is being amortized at the rate of 2.5% per annum on the original cost.

Revaluation: - In case of increase on Revaluation of Residential Premises, depreciation is provided at the rate of 3% broadly in conformity with the life of the assets as appraised by the approved valuer. In case of revalued assets, the incremental depreciation attributable to the revaluation is transferred from the revaluation reserve.

Intangible assets :- Technical know-how is depreciated, as per the rate applicable to plant and machinery prescribed under schedule XIV to the Companies Act, 1956 and also in accordance with the requirements of Accounting Standard 26.

f) Investments:

i) Long term investments are stated at cost less amortised premium. No adjustment is made in the carrying cost for temporary decline in the value of long term investments.

ii) Current investments are carried at the lower of the cost and fair value.

g) Inventories:

Inventories are valued at the lower of the cost (computed on weighted average basis) and estimated net realizable value after providing for obsolescence and other anticipated losses, if any. Finished goods and work-in-progress include costs of conversion and other costs incurred in bringing the inventories to their present location and condition.

h) Employee benefits:

i) Provident Fund and Superannuation Fund:

Retirement benefits in the form of Provident fund / Superannuation fund is a defined contribution scheme and the contributions are charged to the Profit & Loss Account of the year when the contributions to the respective funds are due.

ii) Gratuity:

Gratuity liability is defined benefit obligation. The company has taken an Insurance policy under the Group Gratuity Scheme with the Life Insurance Corporation of India to cover the gratuity liability of all its employee up to the sixty years of age and the amount paid /payable in respect of present value of liability of past services is provided for, on the actuarial valuation at the year end.

iii) Leave Entitlement:

Liability for leave entitlement is provided on the basis of the actuarial valuation at the year end.

iv) Deferred Revenue Expenditure:

Compensation paid to employees who retire under the Early Voluntary Retirement Scheme is amortized over a period of 36 months from the month following the end of the scheme.

i) Research and Development Expenditure:

Revenue expenditure is charged to the Profit & Loss Account and Capital expenditure is added to the cost of Fixed Assets in the year in which it is incurred.

j) Translation of foreign currency:

Foreign currency transactions are recorded at the rate of exchange prevailing on the date of the transaction. Current assets and Current liabilities are stated at the rate of exchange prevailing at the year end and resultant gains/losses are recognised in the profit and loss account.

In case of forward contracts, the exchange differences are dealt with in the profit and loss account over the period of the contracts.

k) Borrowing costs :

Borrowing costs attributable to acquisition or construction of qualifying assets are capitalized as part of the cost of such assets upto the date when such asset is ready for its intended use. Other borrowing costs are charged to the Profit and Loss Account.

l) Accounting for Taxes on Income:

i) Income Tax expenses comprises current tax, fringe benefit tax (i.e. amount of tax for the period determined in accordance with the income tax law ) and deferred tax charge or credit (reflecting the tax effects of timing differences between accounting income and taxable income for the year).

ii) Deferred tax assets are recognized only to the extent that there is reasonable certainty that the assets can be realized in future; however where there is unabsorbed depreciation or carry forward loss under taxation laws, deferred tax assets are recognized only if there is a virtual certainty of realization of such assets. Deferred tax assets are reviewed at each balance sheet date and written down or written up to reflect the amount that is reasonably / virtually certain as the case may be to be realized.

iii) Credit Entitlement in respect of Minimum Alternate Tax (MAT) is considered on management estimation of regular taxation in future.

m) Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets :

Provisions are recognised only when there is a present obligation as a result of past events and when a reliable estimate of the amount of the obligation can be made. Contingent liability is disclosed for (i) Possible obligations which will be confirmed only by future events not wholly within the control of the company or (ii) Present obligations arising form past events where it is not probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation or a reliable estimate of the amount of the obligation can not be made. Contingent Assets are not recognised in the financial statements since this may result in the recognition of income that may never be realised.