Accounting Policies of Andhra Cements Ltd. Company

Mar 31, 2025

1. Corporate information and material accounting policies

a) Corporate Information:

Andhra Cements Limited (“the Company”) was incorporated under the Companies Act, 1956 as a public limited company on December 09, 1936. The Company is engaged in the business of manufacture and sale of cement. The Company has its registered office at Dachepalli, Palnadu district, Andhra Pradesh and Corporate office at Hyderabad, Telangana. Its shares are listed on The National Stock Exchange (NSE) of India Limited and the BSE Limited (BSE).

b) Material accounting policies

i) Statement of compliance

The financial statements have been prepared in accordance with Indian Accounting Standards (hereinafter referred to as ‘Ind AS'') prescribed under section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013 (“the Act”) read with Rule 3 of the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015 and Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Amendment Rules, 2016 as amended and other accounting principles generally accepted in India and guidelines issued by the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI). The Company has consistently applied accounting policies to all periods.

ii) Basis of preparation and presentation

This financial statements have been prepared on the historical cost basis except for certain financial instruments that are measured at fair values at the end of each reporting period, as explained in the accounting policies below.

Historical cost is generally based on the fair value of the consideration given in exchange for goods and services at the time of their acquisition.

Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date, regardless of whether that price is directly observable or estimated using another valuation technique. In estimating the fair value of an asset or a liability, the Company takes into account the characteristics of the asset or liability if market participants would take those characteristics into account when pricing the asset or liability at the measurement date. Fair value for measurement and/or disclosure purposes in these financial statements is determined on such a basis, except for leasing transactions that are within the scope of Ind AS 116, net realisable value in Ind AS 2 or value in use in Ind AS 36 that have some similarities to fair value but are not fair value.

In addition, for financial reporting purposes, fair value measurements are categorised into Level 1,2, or 3 based on the degree to which the inputs to the fair value measurements are observable and the significance of the inputs to the fair value measurement in its entirety, which are described as follows:

• Level 1 inputs are quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the entity can access at the measurement date.

• Level 2 inputs are inputs, other than quoted prices included within Level 1, that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly; and

• Level 3 inputs are unobservable inputs for the asset or liability.

iii) Functional and Presentation currency

These financial statements are presented in Indian Rupees (?) which is the functional currency of the Company and the currency of the primary economic environment in which the Company operates.

Rounding of amounts

All amounts disclosed in the financial statements which also include the accompanying notes have been rounded off to the nearest lakhs as per the requirement of Schedule III to the Companies Act 2013, unless otherwise stated.

iv) Use of estimates and Judgements

In the application of the accounting policies, which are described in Note 1(b), the management of the Company are required to make judgements, estimates and assumptions about the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. The Management believes that the estimates used in preparation of the financial statements are prudent and reasonable and the associated assumptions are based on historical experience and other factors that are considered to be relevant.

The estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognised in the period in which the estimate is revised if the revision affects only that period, or in the period of the revision and future periods if the revision affects both current and future periods. The significant areas of estimation, uncertainty and critical judgements in applying accounting policies that have the most significant effect on the amount recognised in the financial statements is included in the following notes:

• Useful lives of property, plant and equipment and amortisation of intangible assets

Depreciation on plant and machinery, railway siding, mining rights and land restoration is calculated on a straight-line basis and property, plant and equipment other than stated above is calculated on a diminishing balance method using the rates arrived at based on the useful lives and residual values of all its property, plant and equipment as estimated by the management. Amortisation of intangible assets is calculated on diminishing balance method considering the useful life estimated by the management. The management believes that depreciation rates currently used fairly reflect its estimate of the useful lives and residual values of property, plant and equipment, though these rates in certain cases are different from lives prescribed under Schedule II of the Companies Act, 2013. The lives are based on historical experience with similar assets as well as anticipation of future events, which may impact their life, such as changes in technology. This reassessment may result in change in depreciation expense in future periods.

• Defined benefit plans

The liabilities and costs for defined benefit pension plans and other postemployment benefits are determined using actuarial valuations. The actuarial valuation involves making assumptions relating to discount rates, future salary increases, mortality rates and future pension increases. Due to the long-term nature of these plans, such estimates are subject to significant uncertainty.

• Recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for deductible temporary differences and unused tax losses for which there is probability of utilization against the future taxable profit. The Company uses judgement to determine the amount

of deferred tax that can be recognized, based upon the likely timing and the level of future taxable profits and business developments.

• Fair value measurement of Financial instruments

When the fair values of financial assets and financial liabilities recorded in the balance sheet cannot be measured based on quoted prices in active markets, their fair value is measured using valuation techniques including the Discounted Cash Flow (‘DCF'') model. The inputs to these models are taken from observable markets where possible, but where this is not feasible, a degree of judgement is required in establishing fair values. Judgements include considerations of inputs such as liquidity risk, credit risk and volatility. Changes in assumptions about these factors could affect the reported fair value of financial instruments.

• Provisions and contingencies

Provisions are recognised in the period when it becomes probable that there will be a future outflow of funds resulting from past operations or events that can reasonably be estimated. The timing of recognition requires application of judgement to existing facts and circumstances which may be subject to change. The litigations and claims to which the Company is exposed are assessed by management and in certain cases with the support of external specialised lawyers.

In the normal course of business, contingent liabilities may arise from litigation and other claims against the Company. Potential liabilities that are possible but not probable of crystallising or are very difficult to quantify reliably are treated as contingent liabilities. Such liabilities are disclosed in the notes but are not recognised.

• Leases

Ind AS 116 Leases requires a lessee to determine the lease term as the noncancellable period of a lease adjusted with any option to extend or terminate the lease, if the use of such option is reasonably certain. The Company makes an assessment on the expected lease term on lease-by-lease basis and thereby assesses whether it is reasonably certain that any options to extend or terminate the contract will be exercised. In evaluating the lease term, the Company considers factors such as any significant leasehold improvements undertaken over the lease term, costs relating to the termination of lease and the importance of the underlying lease to the Company''s operations taking into account the location of the underlying asset and the availability of the suitable alternatives. The lease term in future periods is reassessed to ensure that the lease term reflects the current economic circumstances. The discount rate is based on the incremental borrowing rate specific to the lease being evaluated or for a portfolio of leases with similar characteristics.

• Inventories

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost and net realisable value. In estimating the net realisable value of inventories, the Company makes an estimate of future selling prices and costs necessary to make the sale.

• Expected credit losses

The Company makes provision for doubtful receivables based on a provision matrix which takes into account historical credit loss experience and adjusted for forward looking information. The expected credit loss allowance is based on the ageing of the days the receivables are due and the rates as per the provision matrix.

• Mining rights

The Company has used cost saving method for value analysis of limestone mining rights. The valuation method estimates the value of future savings in limestone cost over the life of the mine accruing to the Company, by virtue of the transaction instead of procuring the limestone via open market.

The resulting post-tax cash flows for each of the years are recognised at their present value using a Weighted Average Cost of Capital (‘WACC'') relating to the risk of achieving the mine''s projected savings.

A cash generating unit to which mining right has been allocated is tested for impairment annually, or more frequently when there is an indication that the unit may be impaired. If the recoverable amount of the cash generating unit is less than its carrying amount, the impairment loss is allocated first to reduce the carrying amount of any mining rights allocated to the unit and then to the other assets of the unit pro-rata based on the carrying amount of each asset in the unit. Any impairment loss for mining rights is recognised in profit and loss. An impairment loss recognised for mining rights is not reversed in subsequent periods.

v) Revenue recognition:

The Company derives revenue from the sale of cement and recognizes when delivery has taken place and control of the goods has been transferred to the customer according to the specific delivery term that have been agreed with the customer and when there are no longer any unfulfilled obligations. Revenue towards satisfaction of a performance obligation is measured at the amount of transaction price (net of variable consideration) allocated to that performance obligation. The transaction price of goods sold is net of variable consideration on account of various discounts and schemes offered by the Company as part of the contract.

Revenue from service contracts with customers is recognized when the services are transferred to the customer at an amount that reflects the consideration entitled in exchange for those services.

No element of financing is deemed present as the sales are made with credit terms largely ranging between 30 days and 60 days depending on the specific terms agreed to with customers concerned, which is consistent with the market practice.

Interest income

Interest income from a financial asset is recognised when it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the Company and the amount of income can be measured reliably. Interest income is accrued on a time basis, by reference to the principal outstanding and at the effective interest rate applicable.

The effective interest method is a method of calculating the amortised cost of a financial asset or financial liability and of allocating interest income / interest expenses over the relevant period. The effective interest rate is the rate that exactly discounts estimated future cash receipts / payments (including all fees and points paid or received that form an integral part of the effective interest rate, transaction costs and other premiums or discounts) through the expected life of the debt instrument, or, where appropriate, a shorter period, to the net carrying amount on initial recognition.

vi) Borrowing costs

Borrowing costs directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of qualifying assets, which are assets that necessarily take a substantial period of time to get ready for their intended use or sale, are added to the cost of those assets, until such time as the assets are substantially ready for their intended use or sale.

Investment income earned on the temporary investment of specific borrowings pending their expenditure on qualifying assets is deducted from the borrowing costs eligible for capitalisation.

All other borrowing costs are recognised in the statement of profit and loss in the period in which they are incurred.

vii) Employee benefits

Employee benefits include provident fund, superannuation fund, employee state insurance scheme, gratuity fund and compensated absences.

Defined Contribution Plans:

The Company''s contribution to provident fund, superannuation fund and employee state insurance scheme are considered as defined contribution plans and are charged as an expense to the statement of profit and loss based on the amount of contribution required to be made and when services are rendered by the employees.

Defined Benefit Plans:

For defined benefit retirement plans, the cost of providing benefits is determined using the projected unit credit method, with actuarial valuations being carried out at the end of each annual reporting period. Re-measurement, comprising actuarial gains and losses, the effect of the changes to the asset ceiling (if applicable) and the return on plan assets (excluding net interest), is reflected immediately in the balance sheet with a charge or credit recognised in other comprehensive income in the period in which they occur. Remeasurement recognised in other comprehensive income is reflected immediately in retained earnings and is not reclassified to profit and loss. Past service cost is recognised in statement of profit and loss when the plan amendment or curtailment occurs. Gains or losses on settlement of a defined benefit plan are recognised when the settlement occurs. Net interest is calculated by applying the discount rate at the beginning of the period to the net defined benefit liability or asset. Defined benefit costs are categorised as follows:

• service cost (including current service cost, past service cost, as well as gains and losses on curtailments and settlements);

• net interest expense or income; and

• re-measurement

The Company presents the first two components of defined benefit costs in the statement of profit and loss in the line item ‘Employee benefits expense.

Compensated Absences:

The employees of the Company are entitled to compensate absences. The employees can carry-forward a portion of the unutilised accrued compensated absence and utilise it in future periods or receive cash compensation at retirement or termination of employment for the unutilised accrued compensated absence. The Company records an obligation for compensated absences in the period in which the employee renders the services that increase this entitlement. The Company measures the expected cost of compensated absence based on actuarial valuation made by an independent actuary as at the balance sheet date on projected unit credit method. Compensated absences classified as noncurrent are those which are not expected to occur within twelve months after the end of the period in which the employee renders the related service and are recognised based on actuarial valuation.

Short-term employee benefits

The undiscounted amount of short-term employee benefits expected to be paid in exchange for the services rendered by employees are recognized during the year when the employees render the service. These benefits include performance incentive and compensated absences which are expected to occur within twelve months after the end of the period in which the employee renders the related service.

viii) Taxation

Income tax expense represents the sum of current tax and deferred tax. Income tax expense comprises current tax expense and the net change in the deferred tax asset or liability during the year. Current and deferred taxes are recognised in statement of profit and loss, except when they relate to items that are recognised in other comprehensive income or directly in equity, in which case, the current and deferred tax are also recognised in other comprehensive income or directly in equity, respectively.

Current tax

The tax currently payable is based on taxable profit for the year. Taxable profit differs from ‘net profit'' as reported in the statement of profit and loss because it excludes items of income or expense that are taxable or deductible in other years and further excludes items that are never taxable or deductible. The Company''s current tax is calculated using tax rates that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the end of the reporting date.

A provision is recognised for those matters for which the tax determination is uncertain, but it is considered probable that there will be a future outflow of funds to a tax authority. The provisions are measured at the best estimate of the amount expected to become payable.

Deferred tax

Deferred tax is the tax expected to be payable or recoverable on differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities in the financial statements and the corresponding tax bases used in the computation of taxable profit. Deferred tax liabilities are generally recognised for all taxable temporary differences. Deferred tax assets are generally recognised for all deductible temporary differences to the extent that it is probable that taxable profits will be available against which those deductible temporary differences can be utilised. Such deferred tax assets and liabilities are not recognised if the temporary difference arises from the initial recognition (other than in a business combination) of assets and liabilities in a transaction that affects neither the taxable profit nor the accounting profit. In addition, a deferred tax liability is not recognised if the temporary difference arises from the initial recognition of the goodwill.

The carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reviewed at the end of each reporting date and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profits will be available to allow all or part of the asset to be recovered.

Deferred tax liabilities and assets are measured at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the period in which the liability is settled or the asset realised, based on tax rates (and tax laws) that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the end of the reporting date.

The measurement of deferred tax liabilities and assets reflects the tax consequences that would follow from the manner in which the Company expects, at the end of the reporting period, to recover or settle the carrying amount of its assets and liabilities.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are off set when there is a legally enforceable right to set off current tax asset against current tax liabilities and when they relate to income taxes levied by the same taxation authority and the Company intends to settle its current tax assets and liabilities on a net basis.

Minimum alternate tax

Minimum alternate tax (MAT) credit is recognised in accordance with tax laws in India as an asset only when and to the extent there is convincing evidence that the Company will pay normal income tax during the specified period. The Company reviews the MAT credit at each balance sheet date and writes down the carrying amount of MAT credit entitlement to the extent there is no longer convincing evidence to the effect that the Company will pay normal income tax during the specified period.

ix) Property, plant and equipment

Property, plant and equipment are carried at cost less accumulated depreciation and impairment losses, if any. The initial cost of property, plant and equipment comprises its purchase price net of any trade discounts and rebates, any import duties and other taxes (other than those subsequently recoverable from the tax authorities), any directly attributable expenditure on making the asset ready for its intended use, other incidental expenses and borrowings costs attributable to acquisition of qualifying property, plant and equipment up to the date the asset is ready for its intended use. Freehold land is not depreciated.

Subsequent costs incurred are included in the assets carrying amount or recognized as a separate asset, as appropriate, only when it is probable that future economic benefits associated with the item will flow to the Company and the cost of the item can be measured reliably. All other repairs and maintenance cost are charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss during the period in which they were incurred.

Capital work-in-progress in the course of construction for production, supply or administrative purposes are carried at cost, less any recognised impairment loss. Cost includes professional fees and, for qualifying assets, borrowing costs capitalised in accordance with the Company''s accounting policy. Such Capital works in progress are classified to the appropriate categories of property, plant and equipment when completed and ready for intended use. Depreciation of these assets, on the same basis as other property assets, commences when the assets are ready for their intended use.

An item of property, plant and equipment is derecognised upon disposal or when no future economic benefits are expected to arise from the continued use of the asset. Any gain or loss arising on the disposal or retirement of an item of property, plant and equipment is determined as the difference between the sales proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset and is recognised in profit and loss.

Depreciation is recognised so as to write off the cost of assets (other than freehold land and properties under construction) less their residual values over their useful lives.

Depreciation on plant and machinery, railway siding is charged under straight line method and on other assets depreciation is charged under diminishing balance method, based on the useful life prescribed in Schedule II to the Companies Act, 2013 except in respect of the following categories of assets, in whose case the life of the assets has been assessed as under based on technical advice, taking into account the nature of the asset, the estimated usage of the asset, the operating conditions of the asset, past history of replacement, anticipated technological changes, manufacturers warranties and maintenance support, etc.

Class of asset	Useful lives
Plant and machinery
- Power plant	30 - 40 years
- Other than power plant	5 - 30 years
Electrical installations	3 - 35 years

The estimated useful lives, residual values and depreciation method are reviewed at the end of each reporting period, with the effect of any changes in estimate accounted for on a prospective basis.

The Company follows the process of componentization for property, plant and equipment. Accordingly, the Company has identified a part of an asset as a separate component in whole asset value (beyond certain value) and useful life of the part is different from the useful life of the remaining asset. The useful life has been assessed based on technical advice, taking into account the nature of the asset / component of an asset, the estimated usage of the asset / component of an asset on the basis of management''s best estimation of getting economic benefits from that class of assets / components of an asset. The Company uses its technical expertise along with historical and industry trends for arriving the economic life of an asset/ component of an asset.

The Company had opted for deemed cost exemption under Ind AS 101 on transition of Ind AS.

Land-Restoration:

The Company provides for the costs of restoring a site where a legal or constructive obligation exists. The estimated future costs for known restoration requirements are determined on a site-by-site basis and are calculated based on the present value of estimated future cash out flows. The site restoration provision before exploitation of the raw materials has commenced is included in Property, Plant and Equipment and depreciated over the life of the related asset.

Changes in the measurement of a provision that result from changes in the estimated timing or amount of cash outflows, or a change in the discount rate, are added to or deducted from the cost of the related asset to the extent that they relate to the asset''s installation, construction or acquisition.

The effect of any adjustments to the provision due to further environmental damage as a result of exploitation activities is recorded through the Statement of Profit and Loss over the life of the related asset, in order to reflect the best estimate of the expenditure required to settle the obligation at the end of the reporting period. All provisions are discounted to their present value. The unwinding of the discount is recognised as a finance cost in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

Asset Held For Sale:

The Company classifies non-current assets as held for sale if their carrying amounts will be recovered principally through a sale transaction rather than through continuing use. Such assets are measured at the lower of their carrying amount and fair value less costs to sell. The criteria for held for sale classification is regarded as met only when the asset is available for immediate sale in its present condition and the sale is highly probable.

x) Intangible assets and amortisation

Intangible assets with finite useful lives are carried at cost less accumulated amortisation and accumulated impairment losses, if any. Amortisation is recognised on a diminishing balance method over their estimated useful lives for software and mining rights is charged under straight line method over the period of the respective mining agreement. The estimated useful life and amortisation method are reviewed at the end of each reporting period, with the effect of any changes in estimate being accounted for on a prospective basis. An intangible asset is derecognised on disposal, or when no future economic benefits are expected from use or disposal. Gains or losses arising from derecognition of an intangible asset, measured as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset, are recognised in profit or loss when the asset is derecognised.

xi) Inventories

Inventories are valued at the lower of cost and net realisable value after providing for obsolescence and other losses, where considered necessary. Cost includes all charges in bringing the goods to the point of sale, including octroi and other levies, transit insurance and receiving charges. Net realisable value represents the estimated selling price for inventories less all estimated costs of completion and costs to be incurred in marketing, selling and distribution. Work-in-progress and finished goods include appropriate proportion of overheads.

The methods of determining cost of various categories of inventories are as follows:

Type of Inventory	Method
Raw materials and coal	Weighted average method
Stores and spares and packing materials	Weighted average method
Work-in-progress and finished goods (manufactured)	Weighted average method and including an appropriate share of applicable overheads.

xii) Cash and cash equivalents (for purposes of Cash Flow Statement)

Cash comprises cash on hand, in bank and demand deposits with banks. Cash equivalents are short-term balances (with an original maturity of three months or less from the date of acquisition), highly liquid investments that are readily convertible into known amounts of cash and which are subject to insignificant risk of changes in value.

If the contractual restrictions to use the cash extend beyond twelve months after the end of the reporting period, the related amounts are classified as non-current in the balance sheet.

Cash flows are reported using indirect method whereby profit/ (loss) before tax is adjusted for the effects of transaction of non-cash nature and any deferrals or accruals of past or future cash receipts and payments. The cash flows from operating, investing and financing activities of the group are segregated based on the available information.

For the purposes of the statement of cash flows, cash and cash equivalents consist of cash and cash equivalents as defined above, net of outstanding bank overdrafts which are repayable on demand and form an integral part of the Company''s cash management. Such overdrafts are presented as short-term borrowings in the balance sheet.

xiii) Foreign currency transactions and translations:

Transactions in foreign currencies entered into by the Company are accounted at the exchange rates prevailing on the date of the transaction or at rates that closely approximate the rate at the date of the transaction.

Foreign currency monetary items of the Company, outstanding at the balance sheet date are restated at the year-end rates. Non-monetary items of the Company that are measured in terms of historical cost in a foreign currency are not retranslated.

For the purposes of presenting these financial statements, the exchange differences on monetary items arising, if any, are recognised in the statement of profit and loss in the period in which they arise.

xiv) Financial Instruments:

(A) Initial recognition:

Financial assets and financial liabilities are recognized when a Company becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instruments.

Financial assets and financial liabilities are initially measured at fair value. Transaction costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition or issue of financial assets and financial

liabilities (other than financial assets and financial liabilities at fair value through profit and loss) are added to or deducted from the fair value of the financial asset or financial liabilities, as appropriate, on initial recognition. Transaction costs directly attributable to the acquisition of financial assets or liabilities at fair value through profit and loss are recognized immediately in profit and loss.

(B) Subsequent measurement:

Non-derivative Financial Instruments:

a. Financial assets carried at amortized cost: A financial asset is subsequently measured at amortized cost if it is held within a business model whose objective is to hold the asset in order to collect contractual cash flows and the contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.

b. Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income: A financial asset is subsequently measured at fair value through other comprehensive income if it is held within a business model whose objective is achieved by both collecting contractual cash flows and selling financial assets and the contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding. The Company has made an irrevocable election for its investments which are classified as equity instruments.

c. Financial assets at fair value through profit and loss: A financial asset which is not classified in any of the above categories are subsequently fair valued through profit and loss.

d. Financial liabilities: Financial liabilities are subsequently carried at amortized cost using the effective interest method, except for contingent consideration recognized in a business combination which is subsequently measured at fair value through profit and loss. For trade and other payables maturing within one year from the Balance Sheet date, the carrying amounts approximate fair value due to the short maturity of these instruments.

The effective interest method is a method of calculating the amortized cost of a debt instrument and of allocating interest income over the relevant period. The effective interest rate is the rate that exactly discounts estimated future cash receipts (including all fees and points paid or received that form an integral part of the effective interest rate, transaction costs and other premiums or discounts) through the expected life of the debt instrument, or, where appropriate, a shorter period, to the net carrying amount on initial recognition.

Income is recognised on an effective interest basis for debt instruments other than those financial assets classified as at Fair Value Through Profit and Loss (FVTPL). Interest income is recognised in statement of profit and loss and is included in the “other income” line item.

(C) De-recognition of financial assets and liabilities: a. Financial assets:

The Company derecognizes a financial asset when the contractual rights to the cash flows from the asset expire, or when it transfers the financial asset and substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership of the asset to another party. If the Company retains substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership of a transferred financial asset, the Company continues to recognize the financial asset and also recognizes a collateralized borrowing for the proceeds received.

On de-recognition of a financial asset in its entirety, the difference between the asset''s carrying amount and the sum of the consideration received and receivable

and the cumulative gain or loss that had been recognized in other comprehensive income and accumulated in equity is recognized in profit and loss if such gain or loss would have otherwise been recognized in profit and loss on disposal of that financial asset. b. Financial liabilities:

The Company derecognizes financial liabilities when, and only when, the Company''s obligations are discharged, cancelled or have expired. The difference between the carrying amount of the financial liability derecognized and the consideration paid and payable is recognized in profit and loss.

(D) Financial guarantee contract liabilities:

Financial guarantee contract liabilities are disclosed in financial statements in accordance with Ind AS 109 - Financial Instruments.

xv) Derivative Financial Instruments

The Company uses derivative financial instruments, such as forward currency contracts to hedge its foreign currency risk. Such derivative financial instruments are initially recognised at fair value on the date on which a derivative contract is entered into and are subsequently re-measured at fair value at the end of each reporting period. Any changes therein are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss unless the derivative is designated and effective as a hedging instrument, in which event the timing of the recognition in the Statement of Profit and Loss depends on the nature of the hedging relationship and the nature of the hedged item. Derivatives are carried as financial assets when the fair value is positive and as financial liabilities when the fair value is negative. The Company does not hold derivative financial instruments for speculative purposes.

xvi) Impairment of assets a. Financial assets:

The Company recognizes loss allowances using the expected credit loss (ECL) model for the financial assets which are not fair valued through profit and loss. Loss allowance for trade receivables with no significant financing component is measured at an amount equal to lifetime ECL. For all other financial assets, expected credit losses are measured at an amount equal to the 12-month ECL, unless there has been a significant increase in credit risk from initial recognition in which case those are measured at lifetime ECL. The amount of expected credit losses is updated at each reporting date to reflect changes in credit risk since initial recognition of the respective financial instrument.

For trade receivables only, the Company applies the simplified approach permitted by Ind AS 109 Financial Instruments, which requires expected lifetime losses to be recognized from initial recognition of the receivables.

The expected credit losses on these financial assets are estimated using a provision matrix based on the Company''s historical credit loss experience, adjusted for factors that are specific to the debtors, general economic conditions and an assessment of both the current as well as the forecast direction of conditions at the reporting date, including time value of money where appropriate. The ECL loss allowance (or reversal) during the year is recognized in the statement of profit and loss. Lifetime ECL represents the expected credit losses that will result from all possible default events over the expected life of a financial instrument. In contrast, 12-month ECL represents the portion of lifetime ECL that is expected to result from default events on a financial instrument that are possible within 12 months after the reporting date.

(i) Significant increase in credit risk

In assessing whether the credit risk on a financial instrument has increased significantly since initial recognition, the Company compares the risk of a default occurring on the financial instrument at the reporting date with the risk of a default occurring on the financial instrument at the date of initial recognition. In making this assessment, the Company considers both quantitative and qualitative information that is reasonable and supportable, including historical experience and forward-looking information that is available without undue cost or effort. Forward-looking information considered includes the future prospects of the industries in which the Company''s debtors operate, obtained from economic expert reports, financial analysts, governmental bodies, relevant think-tanks and other similar organisations, as well as consideration of various external sources of actual and forecast economic information that relate to the Company''s core operations.

In particular, the following information is taken into account when assessing whether credit risk has increased significantly since initial recognition:

• an actual or expected significant deterioration in the financial instrument''s external (if available) or internal credit rating;

• significant deterioration in external market indicators of credit risk for a particular financial instrument, e.g. a significant increase in the credit spread, the credit default swap prices for the debtor, or the length of time or the extent to which the fair value of a financial asset has been less than its amortised cost;

• existing or forecast adverse changes in business, financial or economic conditions that are expected to cause a significant decrease in the debtor''s ability to meet its debt obligations;

• an actual or expected significant deterioration in the operating results of the debtor;

• significant increases in credit risk on other financial instruments of the same debtor; and

• an actual or expected significant adverse change in the regulatory, economic, or technological environment of the debtor that results in a significant decrease in the debtor''s ability to meet its debt obligations.

Irrespective of the outcome of the above assessment, the Company presumes that the credit risk on a financial asset has increased significantly since initial recognition when contractual payments are more than 30 days past due, unless the Company has reasonable and supportable information that demonstrates otherwise.

Despite the foregoing, the Company assumes that the credit risk on a financial instrument has not increased significantly since initial recognition if the financial instrument is determined to have low credit risk at the reporting date. A financial instrument is determined to have low credit risk if:

• the financial instrument has a low risk of default;

• the debtor has a strong capacity to meet its contractual cash flow obligations in the near term; and

• adverse changes in economic and business conditions in the longer term may, but will not necessarily, reduce the ability of the borrower to fulfil its contractual cash flow obligations.

The Company considers a financial asset to have low credit risk when the asset has external credit rating of ''investment grade'' in accordance with the globally understood definition or if an external rating is not available, the asset has an internal rating of ''performing''. Performing means that the counterparty has a strong financial position and there are no past due amounts.

For financial guarantee contracts, the date that the Company becomes a party to the irrevocable commitment is considered to be the date of initial recognition for the purposes of assessing the financial instrument for impairment. In assessing whether there has been a significant increase in the credit risk since initial recognition of a financial guarantee contracts, the Company considers the changes in the risk that the specified debtor will default on the contract.

The Company regularly monitors the effectiveness of the criteria used to identify whether there has been a significant increase in credit risk and revises them as appropriate to ensure that the criteria are capable of identifying significant increase in credit risk before the amount becomes past due.

(ii) Definition of default

The Company considers the following as constituting an event of default for internal credit risk management purposes as historical experience indicates that financial assets that meet either of the following criteria are generally not recoverable:

• when there is a breach of financial covenants by the debtor; or

• information developed internally or obtained from external sources indicates that the debtor is unlikely to pay its creditors, including the Company, in full (without taking into account any collateral held by the Company).

Irrespective of the above analysis, the Company considers that default has occurred when a financial asset is more than 90 days past due unless the Company has reasonable and supportable information to demonstrate that a more lagging default criterion is more appropriate.

(iii) Credit-impaired financial assets

A financial asset is credit-impaired when one or more events that have a detrimental impact on the estimated future cash flows of that financial asset have occurred. Evidence that a financial asset is credit-impaired includes observable data about the following events:

a) significant financial difficulty of the issuer or the borrower;

b) a breach of contract, such as a default or past due event (see (ii) above);

c) the lender(s) of the borrower, for economic or contractual reasons relating to the borrower''s financial difficulty, having granted to the borrower a concession(s) that the lender(s) would not otherwise consider;

d) it is becoming probable that the borrower will enter bankruptcy or other financial reorganisation; or

e) the disappearance of an active market for that financial asset because of financial difficulties.

(iv) Write-off policy

The Company writes off a financial asset when there is information indicating that the debtor is in severe financial difficulty and there is no realistic prospect of recovery, e.g. when the debtor has been placed under liquidation or has entered into bankruptcy proceedings. Financial assets written off may still be subject to enforcement activities under the Company''s recovery procedures, taking into account legal advice where appropriate. Any recoveries made are recognised in profit or loss.

(v) Measurement and recognition of expected credit losses

The measurement of expected credit losses is a function of the probability of default, loss given default (i.e. the magnitude of the loss if there is a default) and the exposure at default. The assessment of the probability of default and loss given default is based on historical data adjusted by forward-looking information as described above.

As for the exposure at default, for financial assets, this is represented by the assets'' gross carrying amount at the reporting date; for financial guarantee contracts, the exposure includes the amount drawn down as at the reporting date, together with any additional amounts expected to be drawn down in the future by default date determined based on historical trend, the Company''s understanding of the specific future financing needs of the debtors, and other relevant forward-looking information.

For financial assets, the expected credit loss is estimated as the difference between all contractual cash flows that are due to the Company in accordance with the contract and all the cash flows that the Company expects to receive, discounted at the original effective interest rate. For a lease receivable, the cash flows used for determining the expected credit losses is consistent with the cash flows used in measuring the lease receivable in accordance with Ind AS 116.

For a financial guarantee contract, as the Company is required to make payments only in the event of a default by the debtor in accordance with the terms of the instrument that is guaranteed, the expected loss allowance is the expected payments to reimburse the holder for a credit loss that it incurs less any amounts that the Company expects to receive from the holder, the debtor or any other party.

If the Company has measured the loss allowance for a financial instrument at an amount equal to lifetime ECL in the previous reporting period, but determines at the current reporting date that the conditions for lifetime ECL are no longer met, the Company measures the loss allowance at an amount equal to 12-month ECL at the current reporting date, except for assets for which the simplified approach was used.

The Company recognises an impairment gain or loss in profit or loss for all financial instruments with a corresponding adjustment to their carrying amount through a loss allowance account. b. Non-financial assets:

At each reporting date, the Company reviews the carrying amounts of its property, plant and equipment and intangible assets to determine whether there is any indication that those assets have suffered an Impairment loss. For the purpose of impairment testing, the recoverable amount (i.e. the higher of the fair value less cost to sell and the value-in-use) is determined on an individual asset basis unless the asset does not generate cash flows that are largely independent of those from other assets. In such cases, the recoverable amount is determined for the CGU to which the asset belongs.

If such assets are considered to be impaired, the impairment to be recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss is measured by the amount by which the carrying value of the assets exceeds the estimated recoverable amount of the asset. An impairment loss is reversed in the statement of profit and loss if there has been a change in the estimates used to determine the recoverable amount. The carrying amount of the asset is increased to its revised recoverable amount, provided that this amount does not exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined (net of any accumulated amortisation or depreciation) had no impairment loss been recognized for the asset in prior years.

xvii) Earnings per share

Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing the profit / (loss) after tax (including the post-tax effect of exceptional items, if any) by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year. Diluted earnings per share is computed by dividing the profit / (loss) after tax (including the post-tax effect of exceptional items, if any) as adjusted for dividend, interest and other charges to expense or income (net of any attributable taxes) relating to the dilutive potential equity shares, by the weighted average number of equity shares considered for deriving basic earnings per share and the weighted average number of equity shares which could have been issued on the conversion of all dilutive potential equity shares.

xviii) Provisions, contingent liabilities and contingent assets

Provisions are recognised when the Company has a present obligation (legal or constructive) as a result of a past event, it is probable that the Company will be required to settle the obligation, and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation. The amount recognised as a provision is the best estimate of the consideration required to settle the present obligation at the end of the reporting period, taking into account the risks and uncertainties surrounding the obligation. When a provision is measured using the cash flows estimated to settle the present obligation, its carrying amount is the present value of those cash flows (when the effect of the time value of money is material).

A present obligation that arises from past events where it is either not probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle or a reliable estimate of the amount cannot be made, is disclosed as a contingent liability. Contingent liabilities are also disclosed when there is a possible obligation arising from past events, the existence of which will be confirmed only by the occurrence or non-occurrence of one or more uncertain future events not wholly within the control of the Company. Claims against the Company where the possibility of any outflow of resources in settlement is remote, are not disclosed as contingent liabilities.

Contingent assets are not recognised but only disclosed where an inflow of economic benefits is probable. Contingent assets are possible assets that arise from past events whose existence will be confirmed only by the occurrence or non-occurrence of one or more uncertain future events not wholly within the control of the Company.

xix) Segment reporting

Operating segments are reported in a manner consistent with the internal reporting provided to the chief operating decision maker.

The management evaluates the Company''s performance and allocates resources based on analysis of various performance indicators by business segments.

xx) Leases

The Company evaluates if an arrangement qualifies to be a lease as per the requirements of Ind AS 116. Identification of a lease requires significant judgment. A contract is, or contains, a lease if the contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration. The determination of whether an arrangement is (or contains) a lease is based on the substance of the arrangement at the inception of the lease. The arrangement is, or contains, a lease if fulfilment of the

arrangement is dependent on the use of a specific asset or assets and the arrangement conveys a right to use the asset or assets, even if that right is not explicitly specified in an arrangement.

The Company assesses whether a contract contains a lease, at inception of a contract. A contract is, or contains, a lease if the contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration. To assess whether a contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset, the Company assesses whether: (I) the contract involves the use of an identified asset (ii) the Company has substantially all of the economic benefits from use of the asset through the period of the lease and (iii) the Company has the right to direct the use of the asset. The Company uses significant judgement in assessing the lease term (including anticipated renewals) and the applicable discount rate. The determination of whether an arrangement is (or contains) a lease is based on the substance of the arrangement at the inception of the lease. The arrangement is, or contains, a lease if fulfilment of the arrangement is dependent on the use of a specific asset or assets and the arrangement conveys a right to use the asset or assets, even if that right is not explicitly specified in an arrangement.

At the date of commencement of the lease, the Company recognizes a right-of-use asset (“ROU”) and a corresponding lease liability for all lease arrangements in which it is a lessee, except for leases with a term of twelve months or less (short-term leases) and low value leases. For these short-term and low value leases, the Company recognizes the lease payments as an operating expense on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease unless another systematic basis is more representative of the time pattern in which economic benefits from the leased assets are consumed.

The right-of-use assets are initially recognized at cost, which comprises the initial amount of the lease liability adjusted for any lease payments made at or prior to the commencement date of the lease plus any initial direct costs less any lease incentives. They are subsequently measured at cost less accumulated depreciation and impairment losses. Right-of-use assets are depreciated from the commencement date on a straight-line basis over the lease term and useful life of the underlying asset. If a lease transfers ownership of the underlying asset or the cost of the ROU reflects that the Company expects to exercise a purchase option, the related ROU is depreciated over the useful life of the underlying asset. The lease liability is initially measured at amortized cost at the present value of the future lease payments. The lease payments are discounted using the interest rate implicit in the lease or, if not readily determinable, using the incremental borrowing rates in the country of domicile of these leases. Lease liabilities are remeasured with a corresponding adjustment to the related right of use asset if the Company changes its assessment if whether it will exercise an extension or a termination option.

Lease liability and ROU asset have been separately presented in the Balance Sheet and lease payments have been classified as financing cash flows.

The lease liability is subsequently measured by increasing the carrying amount to reflect interest on the lease liability (using the effective interest method) and by reducing the carrying amount to reflect the lease payments made.

xxi) Operating cycle

Based on the nature of activities of the Company and the normal time between acquisition of assets and their realisation in cash or cash equivalents, the Company has determined its operating cycle as twelve months for the purpose of classification of its assets and liabilities as current and non-current.

xxii) New standards and interpretations

Ministry of Corporate Affairs (“MCA”) notifies new standard or amendments to the existing standards under Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules as issued from time to time. There is no such notification which would have been applicable from April 01,2025.

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Mar 31, 2024

b) Material accounting policies

i) Statement of compliance

The financial statements have been prepared in accordance with Indian Accounting Standards (hereinafter referred to as ‘Ind AS’) prescribed under section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013 (“the Act”) read with Rule 3 of the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015 and Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Amendment Rules, 2016 as amended and other accounting principles generally accepted in India and guidelines issued by the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI). The Company has consistently applied accounting policies to all periods.

ii) Basis of preparation and presentation

This financial statements have been prepared on the historical cost basis except for certain financial instruments that are measured at fair values at the end of each reporting period, as explained in the accounting policies below.

Historical cost is generally based on the fair value of the consideration given in exchange for goods and services at the time of their acquisition.

Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date, regardless of whether that price is directly observable or estimated using another valuation technique. In estimating the fair value of an asset or a liability, the Company takes into account the characteristics of the asset or liability if market participants would take those characteristics into account when pricing the asset or liability at the measurement date. Fair value for measurement and/or disclosure purposes in these financial statements is determined on such a basis, except for leasing transactions that are within the scope of Ind AS 116, net realisable value in Ind AS 2 or value in use in Ind AS 36 that have some similarities to fair value but are not fair value.

In addition, for financial reporting purposes, fair value measurements are categorised into Level 1,2, or 3 based on the degree to which the inputs to the fair value measurements are observable and the significance of the inputs to the fair value measurement in its entirety, which are described as follows:

• Level 1 inputs are quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the entity can access at the measurement date.

• Level 2 inputs are inputs, other than quoted prices included within Level 1, that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly; and

• Level 3 inputs are unobservable inputs for the asset or liability.

iii) Functional and Presentation currency

These financial statements are presented in Indian Rupees (?) which is the functional currency of the Company and the currency of the primary economic environment in which the Company operates.

Rounding of amounts

All amounts disclosed in the financial statements which also include the accompanying notes have been rounded off to the nearest lakhs as per the requirement of Schedule III to the Companies Act 2013, unless otherwise stated.

iv) Use of estimates and Judgements

In the application of the accounting policies, which are described in Note 1(b), the management of the Company are required to make judgements, estimates and assumptions about the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. The Management believes that the estimates used in preparation of the financial statements are prudent and reasonable and the associated assumptions are based on historical experience and other factors that are considered to be relevant.

The estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognised in the period in which the estimate is revised if the revision affects only that period, or in the period of the revision and future periods if the revision affects both current and future periods. The significant areas of estimation, uncertainty and critical judgements in applying accounting policies that have the most significant effect on the amount recognised in the financial statements is included in the following notes:

• Useful lives of property, plant and equipment and amortisation of intangible assets

Depreciation on plant and machinery, railway siding, mining rights and land restoration is calculated on a straight-line basis and property, plant and equipment other than stated above is calculated on a diminishing balance method using the rates arrived at based on the useful lives and residual values of all its property, plant and equipment as estimated by the management. Amortisation of intangible assets is calculated on diminishing balance method considering the useful life estimated by the management. The management believes that depreciation rates currently used fairly reflect its estimate of the useful lives and residual values of property, plant and equipment, though these rates in certain cases are different from lives prescribed under Schedule II of the Companies Act, 2013. The lives are based on historical experience with similar assets as well as anticipation of future events, which may impact their life, such as changes in technology. This reassessment may result in change in depreciation expense in future periods.

• Defined benefit plans

The liabilities and costs for defined benefit pension plans and other post-employment benefits are determined using actuarial valuations. The actuarial valuation involves making assumptions relating to discount rates, future salary increases, mortality rates and future pension increases. Due to the long-term nature of these plans, such estimates are subject to significant uncertainty.

• Recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for deductible temporary differences and unused tax losses for which there is probability of utilization against the future taxable profit. The Company uses judgement to determine the amount of deferred tax that can be recognized, based upon the likely timing and the level of future taxable profits and business developments.

• Fair value measurement of Financial instruments

When the fair values of financial assets and financial liabilities recorded in the balance sheet cannot be measured based on quoted prices in active markets, their fair value is measured using valuation techniques including the Discounted Cash Flow (‘DCF’) model. The inputs to these models are taken from observable markets where possible, but where this is not feasible, a degree of judgement is required in establishing fair values. Judgements include considerations of inputs such as liquidity risk, credit risk and volatility. Changes in assumptions about these factors could affect the reported fair value of financial instruments.

• Provisions and contingencies

Provisions are recognised in the period when it becomes probable that there will be a future outflow of funds resulting from past operations or events that can reasonably be estimated. The timing of recognition requires application of judgement to existing facts and circumstances which may be subject to change. The litigations and claims to which the Company is exposed are assessed by management and in certain cases with the support of external specialised lawyers.

In the normal course of business, contingent liabilities may arise from litigation and other claims against the Company. Potential liabilities that are possible but not probable of crystallising or are very difficult to quantify reliably are treated as contingent liabilities. Such liabilities are disclosed in the notes but are not recognised.

• Leases

Ind AS 116 Leases requires a lessee to determine the lease term as the non-cancellable period of a lease adjusted with any option to extend or terminate the lease, if the use of such option is reasonably certain. The Company makes an assessment on the expected lease term on lease-by-lease basis and thereby assesses whether it is reasonably certain that any options to extend or terminate the contract will be exercised. In evaluating the lease term, the Company considers factors such as any significant leasehold improvements undertaken over the lease term, costs relating to the termination of lease and the importance of the underlying lease to the Company''s operations taking into account the location of the underlying asset and the availability of the suitable alternatives. The lease term in future periods is reassessed to ensure that the lease term reflects the current economic circumstances. The discount rate is based on the incremental borrowing rate specific to the lease being evaluated or for a portfolio of leases with similar characteristics.

• Inventories

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost and net realisable value. In estimating the net realisable value of inventories, the Company makes an estimate of future selling prices and costs necessary to make the sale.

• Expected credit losses

The Company makes provision for doubtful receivables based on a provision matrix which takes into account historical credit loss experience and adjusted for forward looking information. The expected credit loss allowance is based on the ageing of the days the receivables are due and the rates as per the provision matrix.

• Mining rights

The Company has used cost saving method for value analysis of limestone mining rights. The valuation method estimates the value of future savings in limestone cost over the life of the mine accruing to the Company, by virtue of the transaction instead of procuring the limestone via open market.

The resulting post-tax cash flows for each of the years are recognised at their present value using a Weighted Average Cost of Capital (‘WACC’) relating to the risk of achieving the mine’s projected savings.

A cash generating unit to which mining right has been allocated is tested for impairment annually, or more frequently when there is an indication that the unit may be impaired. If the recoverable amount of the cash generating unit is less than its carrying amount, the impairment loss is allocated first to reduce the carrying amount of any mining rights allocated to the unit and then to the other assets of the unit prorata based on the carrying amount of each asset in the unit. Any impairment loss for mining rights is recognised in profit and loss. An impairment loss recognised for mining rights is not reversed in subsequent periods.

v) Revenue recognition:

The Company derives revenue from the sale of cement and recognizes when it transfers control over the goods to the customer. Revenue towards satisfaction of a performance obligation is measured at the amount of transaction price (net of variable consideration) allocated to that performance obligation. The transaction price of goods sold is net of variable consideration on account of various discounts and schemes offered by the Company as part of the contract.

Revenue from service contracts with customers is recognized when the services are transferred to the customer at an amount that reflects the consideration entitled in exchange for those services.

No element of financing is deemed present as the sales are made with credit terms largely ranging between 30 days and 60 days depending on the specific terms agreed to with customers concerned, which is consistent with the market practice.

Interest income

Interest income from a financial asset is recognised when it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the Company and the amount of income can be measured reliably. Interest income is accrued on a time basis, by reference to the principal outstanding and at the effective interest rate applicable.

The effective interest method is a method of calculating the amortised cost of a financial asset or financial liability and of allocating interest income / interest expenses over the relevant period. The effective interest rate is the rate that exactly discounts estimated future cash receipts / payments (including all fees and points paid or received that form an integral part of the effective interest rate, transaction costs and other premiums or discounts) through the expected life of the debt instrument, or, where appropriate, a shorter period, to the net carrying amount on initial recognition.

vi) Borrowing costs

Borrowing costs directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of qualifying assets, which are assets that necessarily take a substantial period of time to get ready for their intended use or sale, are added to the cost of those assets, until such time as the assets are substantially ready for their intended use or sale.

Investment income earned on the temporary investment of specific borrowings pending their expenditure on qualifying assets is deducted from the borrowing costs eligible for capitalisation.

All other borrowing costs are recognised in the statement of profit and loss in the period in which they are incurred.

vii) Employee benefits

Employee benefits include provident fund, superannuation fund, employee state insurance scheme, gratuity fund and compensated absences.

Defined Contribution Plans:

The Company’s contribution to provident fund, superannuation fund and employee state insurance scheme are considered as defined contribution plans and are charged as an expense to the statement of profit and loss based on the amount of contribution required to be made and when services are rendered by the employees.

Defined Benefit Plans:

For defined benefit retirement plans, the cost of providing benefits is determined using the projected unit credit method, with actuarial valuations being carried out at the end of each annual reporting period. Re-measurement, comprising actuarial gains and losses, the effect of the changes to the asset ceiling (if applicable) and the return on plan assets (excluding net interest), is reflected immediately in the balance sheet with a charge or credit recognised in other comprehensive income in the period in which they occur. Re-measurement recognised in other comprehensive income is reflected immediately in retained earnings and is not reclassified to profit and loss. Past service cost is recognised in statement of profit and loss when the plan amendment or curtailment occurs. Gains or losses on settlement of a defined benefit plan are recognised when the settlement occurs. Net interest is calculated by applying the discount rate at the beginning of the period to the net defined benefit liability or asset. Defined benefit costs are categorised as follows:

• service cost (including current service cost, past service cost, as well as gains and losses on curtailments and settlements);

• net interest expense or income; and

• re-measurement

The Company presents the first two components of defined benefit costs in the statement of profit and loss in the line item ‘Employee benefits expense.

Compensated Absences:

The employees of the Company are entitled to compensate absences. The employees can carry-forward a portion of the unutilised accrued compensated absence and utilise it in future periods or receive cash compensation at retirement or termination of employment for the unutilised accrued compensated absence. The Company records an obligation for compensated absences in the period in which the employee renders the services that increase this entitlement. The Company measures the expected cost of compensated absence based on actuarial valuation made by an independent actuary as at the balance sheet date on projected unit credit method. Compensated absences expected to be maturing after 12 months from the date of balance sheet are classified as non-current.

Short-term employee benefits

The undiscounted amount of short-term employee benefits expected to be paid in exchange for the services rendered by employees are recognized during the year when the employees render the service. These benefits include performance incentive and compensated absences which are expected to occur within twelve months after the end of the period in which the employee renders the related service.

viii) Taxation

Income tax expense represents the sum of current tax and deferred tax. Income tax expense comprises current tax expense and the net change in the deferred tax asset or liability during the year. Current and deferred taxes are recognised in statement of profit and loss, except when they relate to items that are recognised in other comprehensive income or directly in equity, in which case, the current and deferred tax are also recognised in other comprehensive income or directly in equity, respectively.

Current tax

The tax currently payable is based on taxable profit for the year. Taxable profit differs from ‘profit before tax’ as reported in the statement of profit and loss because it excludes items of income or expense that are taxable or deductible in other years and further excludes items that are never taxable or deductible. The Company’s current tax is calculated using tax rates that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the end of the reporting date.

A provision is recognised for those matters for which the tax determination is uncertain, but it is considered probable that there will be a future outflow of funds to a tax authority. The provisions are measured at the best estimate of the amount expected to become payable.

Deferred tax

Deferred tax is the tax expected to be payable or recoverable on differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities in the financial statements and the corresponding tax bases used in the computation of taxable profit. Deferred tax liabilities are generally recognised for all taxable temporary differences. Deferred tax assets are generally recognised for all deductible temporary differences to the extent that it is probable that taxable profits will be available against which those deductible temporary differences can be utilised. Such deferred tax assets and liabilities are not recognised if the temporary difference arises from the initial recognition (other than in a business combination) of assets and liabilities in a transaction that affects neither the taxable profit nor the accounting profit. In addition, a deferred tax liability is not recognised if the temporary difference arises from the initial recognition of the goodwill.

The carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reviewed at the end of each reporting date and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profits will be available to allow all or part of the asset to be recovered.

Deferred tax liabilities and assets are measured at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the period in which the liability is settled or the asset realised, based on tax rates (and tax laws) that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the end of the reporting date.

The measurement of deferred tax liabilities and assets reflects the tax consequences that would follow from the manner in which the Company expects, at the end of the reporting period, to recover or settle the carrying amount of its assets and liabilities.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are off set when there is a legally enforceable right to set off current tax asset against current tax liabilities and when they relate to income taxes levied by the same taxation authority and the Company intends to settle its current tax assets and liabilities on a net basis.

Minimum alternate tax

Minimum alternate tax (MAT) credit is recognised in accordance with tax laws in India as an asset only when and to the extent there is convincing evidence that the Company will pay normal income tax during the specified period. The Company reviews the MAT credit at each balance sheet date and writes down the carrying amount of MAT credit entitlement to the extent there is no longer convincing evidence to the effect that the Company will pay normal income tax during the specified period.

ix) Property, plant and equipment

Property, plant and equipment are carried at cost less accumulated depreciation and impairment losses, if any. The cost of property, plant and equipment comprises its purchase price net of any trade discounts and rebates, any import duties and other taxes (other than those subsequently recoverable from the tax authorities), any directly attributable expenditure on making the asset ready for its intended use, other incidental expenses and borrowings costs attributable to acquisition of qualifying property, plant and equipment up to the date the asset is ready for its intended use. Freehold land is not depreciated.

Capital work-in-progress in the course of construction for production, supply or administrative purposes are carried at cost, less any recognised impairment loss. Cost includes professional fees and, for qualifying assets, borrowing costs capitalised in accordance with the Company’s accounting policy. Such Capital works in progress are classified to the appropriate categories of property, plant and equipment when completed and ready for intended use. Depreciation of these assets, on the same basis as other property assets, commences when the assets are ready for their intended use.

An item of property, plant and equipment is derecognised upon disposal or when no future economic benefits are expected to arise from the continued use of the asset. Any gain or loss arising on the disposal or retirement of an item of property, plant and equipment is determined as the difference between the sales proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset and is recognised in profit and loss.

Depreciation is recognised so as to write off the cost of assets (other than freehold land and properties under construction) less their residual values over their useful lives.

Depreciation on plant and machinery, railway siding is charged under straight line method and on other assets depreciation is charged under diminishing balance method, based on the useful life prescribed in Schedule II to the Companies Act, 2013except in respect of the following categories of assets, in whose case the life of the assets has been assessed as under based on technical advice, taking into account the nature of the asset, the estimated usage of the asset, the operating conditions of the asset, past history of replacement, anticipated technological changes, manufacturers warranties and maintenance support, etc.

The estimated useful lives, residual values and depreciation method are reviewed at the end of each reporting period, with the effect of any changes in estimate accounted for on a prospective basis.

The Company follows the process of componentization for property, plant and equipment. Accordingly, the Company has identified a part of an asset as a separate component in whole asset value (beyond certain value) and useful life of the part is different from the useful life of the remaining asset. The useful life has been assessed based on technical advice, taking into account the nature of the asset / component of an asset, the estimated usage of the asset / component of an asset on the basis of management’s best estimation of getting economic benefits from that class of assets / components of an asset. The Company uses its technical expertise along with historical and industry trends for arriving the economic life of an asset/ component of an asset.

Individual assets costing less than or equal to ? 5,000 are depreciated in full in the year of acquisition.

Land-Restoration:

The Company provides for the costs of restoring a site where a legal or constructive obligation exists. The estimated future costs for known restoration requirements are determined on a site-by-site basis and are calculated based on the present value of estimated future cash out flows. The site restoration provision before exploitation of the raw materials has commenced is included in Property, Plant and Equipment and depreciated over the life of the related asset.

Changes in the measurement of a provision that result from changes in the estimated timing or amount of cash outflows, or a change in the discount rate, are added to or deducted from the cost of the related asset to the extent that they relate to the asset’s installation, construction or acquisition.

The effect of any adjustments to the provision due to further environmental damage as a result of exploitation activities is recorded through the Statement of Profit and Loss over the life of the related asset, in order to reflect the best estimate of the expenditure required to settle the obligation at the end of the reporting period. All provisions are discounted to their present value. The unwinding of the discount is recognised as a finance cost in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

x) Intangible assets and amortisation

Intangible assets with finite useful lives are carried at cost less accumulated amortisation and accumulated impairment losses, if any. Amortisation is recognised on a diminishing balance method over their estimated useful lives for software and mining rights is charged under straight line method over the period of the respective mining agreement. The estimated useful life and amortisation method are reviewed at the end of each reporting period, with the effect of any changes in estimate being accounted for on a prospective basis.

xi) Inventories

Inventories are valued at the lower of cost and net realisable value after providing for obsolescence and other losses, where considered necessary. Cost includes all charges in bringing the goods to the point of sale, including octroi and other levies, transit insurance and receiving charges. Net realisable value represents the estimated selling price for inventories less all estimated costs of completion and costs to be incurred in marketing, selling and distribution. Work-in-progress and finished goods include appropriate proportion of overheads.

xii) Cash and cash equivalents (for purposes of Cash Flow Statement)

Cash comprises cash on hand, in bank and demand deposits with banks. Cash equivalents are short-term balances (with an original maturity of three months or less from the date of acquisition), highly liquid investments that are readily convertible into known amounts of cash and which are subject to insignificant risk of changes in value.

Cash flows are reported using indirect method whereby profit/ (loss) before tax is adjusted for the effects of transaction of non-cash nature and any deferrals or accruals of past or future cash receipts and payments. The cash flows from operating, investing and financing activities of the Company are segregated based on the available information.

xiii) Foreign currency transactions and translations:

Transactions in foreign currencies entered into by the Company are accounted at the exchange rates prevailing on the date of the transaction or at rates that closely approximate the rate at the date of the transaction.

Foreign currency monetary items of the Company, outstanding at the balance sheet date are restated at the year-end rates. Non-monetary items of the Company that are measured in terms of historical cost in a foreign currency are not retranslated.

For the purposes of presenting these financial statements, the exchange differences on monetary items arising, if any, are recognised in the statement of profit and loss in the period in which they arise.

xiv) Financial Instruments:

(A) Initial recognition:

Financial assets and financial liabilities are recognized when a Company becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instruments.

Financial assets and financial liabilities are initially measured at fair value. Transaction costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition or issue of financial assets and financial liabilities (other than financial assets and financial liabilities at fair value through profit and loss) are added to or deducted from the fair value of the financial asset or financial liabilities, as appropriate, on initial recognition. Transaction costs directly attributable to the acquisition of financial assets or liabilities at fair value through profit and loss are recognized immediately in profit and loss.

(B) Subsequent measurement:

Non-derivative Financial Instruments:

a. Financial assets carried at amortized cost: A financial asset is subsequently measured at amortized cost if it is held within a business model whose objective is to hold the asset in order to collect contractual cash flows and the contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.

b. Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income: A financial asset is subsequently measured at fair value through other comprehensive income if it is held within a business model whose objective is achieved by both collecting contractual cash flows and selling financial assets and the contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding. The Company has made an irrevocable election for its investments which are classified as equity instruments.

c. Financial assets at fair value through profit and loss: A financial asset which is not classified in any of the above categories are subsequently fair valued through profit and loss.

d. Financial liabilities: Financial liabilities are subsequently carried at amortized cost using the effective interest method, except for contingent consideration recognized in a business combination which is subsequently measured at fair value through profit and loss. For trade and other payables maturing within one year from the Balance Sheet date, the carrying amounts approximate fair value due to the short maturity of these instruments.

The effective interest method is a method of calculating the amortized cost of a debt instrument and of allocating interest income over the relevant period. The effective interest rate is the rate that exactly discounts estimated future cash receipts (including all fees and points paid or received that form an integral part of the effective interest rate, transaction costs and other premiums or discounts) through the expected life of the debt instrument, or, where appropriate, a shorter period, to the net carrying amount on initial recognition.

Income is recognised on an effective interest basis for debt instruments other than those financial assets classified as at Fair Value Through Profit and Loss (FVTPL). Interest income is recognised in statement of profit and loss and is included in the “other income” line item.

(C) De-recognition of financial assets and liabilities:

a. Financial assets:

The Company derecognizes a financial asset when the contractual rights to the cash flows from the asset expire, or when it transfers the financial asset and substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership of the asset to another party. If the Company retains substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership of a transferred financial asset, the Company continues to recognize the financial asset and also recognizes a collateralized borrowing for the proceeds received.

On de-recognition of a financial asset in its entirety, the difference between the asset’s carrying amount and the sum of the consideration received and receivable and the cumulative gain or loss that had been recognized in other comprehensive income and accumulated in equity is recognized in profit and loss if such gain or loss would have otherwise been recognized in profit and loss on disposal of that financial asset.

b. Financial liabilities:

The Company derecognizes financial liabilities when, and only when, the Company’s obligations are discharged, cancelled or have expired. The difference between the carrying amount of the financial liability derecognized and the consideration paid and payable is recognized in profit and loss.

(D) Financial guarantee contract liabilities:

Financial guarantee contract liabilities are disclosed in financial statements in accordance with Ind AS 37 - Provisions, contingent liabilities and contingent assets.

xv) Derivative Financial Instruments

The Company uses derivative financial instruments, such as forward currency contracts to hedge its foreign currency risk. Such derivative financial instruments are initially recognised at fair value on the date on which a derivative contract is entered into and are subsequently re-measured at fair value at the end of each reporting period. Any changes therein are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss unless the derivative is designated and effective as a hedging instrument, in which event the timing of the recognition in the Statement of Profit and Loss depends on the nature of the hedging relationship and the nature of the hedged item. Derivatives are carried as financial assets when the fair value is positive and as financial liabilities when the fair value is negative. The Company does not hold derivative financial instruments for speculative purposes.

xvi) Impairment of assets

a. Financial assets:

The Company recognizes loss allowances using the expected credit loss (ECL) model for the financial assets which are not fair valued through profit and loss. Loss allowance for trade receivables with no significant financing component is measured at an amount equal to lifetime ECL. For all other financial assets, expected credit losses are measured at an amount equal to the 12-month ECL, unless there has been a significant increase in credit risk from initial recognition in which case those are measured at lifetime ECL. The amount of expected credit losses (or reversal) that is required to adjust the loss allowance at the reporting date to the amount that is required to be recognized is recognized as an impairment gain or loss in profit and loss.

For trade receivables only, the Company applies the simplified approach permitted by Ind AS 109 Financial Instruments, which requires expected lifetime losses to be recognized from initial recognition of the receivables.

As a practical expedient, the Company uses a provision matrix to determine impairment loss of its trade receivables. The provision matrix is based on its historically observed default rates over the expected life of the trade receivable and is adjusted for forward looking estimates. The ECL loss allowance (or reversal) during the year is recognized in the statement of profit and loss.

b. Non-financial assets:

Intangible assets and property, plant and equipment are evaluated for recoverability whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that their carrying amounts may not be recoverable. For the purpose of impairment testing, the recoverable amount (i.e. the higher of the fair value less cost to sell and the value-in-use) is determined on an individual asset basis unless the asset does not generate cash flows that are largely independent of those from other assets. In such cases, the recoverable amount is determined for the CGU to which the asset belongs.

If such assets are considered to be impaired, the impairment to be recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss is measured by the amount by which the carrying value of the assets exceeds the estimated recoverable amount of the asset. An impairment loss is reversed in the statement of profit and loss if there has been a change in the estimates used to determine the recoverable amount. The carrying amount of the asset is increased to its revised recoverable amount, provided that this amount does not exceed the carrying amount

that would have been determined (net of any accumulated amortisation or depreciation) had no impairment loss been recognized for the asset in prior years.

xvii) Earnings per share

Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing the profit / (loss) after tax (including the post-tax effect of extraordinary items, if any) by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year. Diluted earnings per share is computed by dividing the profit / (loss) after tax (including the post-tax effect of extraordinary items, if any) as adjusted for dividend, interest and other charges to expense or income (net of any attributable taxes) relating to the dilutive potential equity shares, by the weighted average number of equity shares considered for deriving basic earnings per share and the weighted average number of equity shares which could have been issued on the conversion of all dilutive potential equity shares.

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Mar 31, 2023

1. Company Overview

Andhra Cements Limited (the Company) is a Public Limited Company domiciled in India and is incorporated in India under the provisions of Companies Act, 1956. Its shares are listed on two stock exchanges in India i.e. Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE) and National Stock Exchange (NSE). The company is engaged in the manufacturing and selling of Cement and Cement related products. The Company caters mainly to the domestic market.

2. Recent accounting pronouncement

Ministry of Corporate Affairs ("MCA") notifies new standards or amendments to the existing standards. There is no such notification which would have been applicable from April 1, 2020.

3. Significant Accounting policies3.1 Statement of Compliance

These financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with Indian Accounting Standards notified under the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015 as amended, the relevant provisions of Companies Act, 2013 and guidelines issued by the Security and Exchange Board of India (SEBI), as applicable.

3.2 Basis of preparation

These financial statements are prepared in accordance with Indian Accounting Standards (Ind AS) notified under Section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013 (''the Act'') read with Rule 3 of the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015 as amended and presentation requirements of Schedule III to the Act under the historical cost convention on the accrual basis except for certain financial instruments which are measured at fair value.

Accounting policies have been consistently applied except where a newly issued accounting standard is initially adopted or a revision to an existing accounting standard requires a change in the accounting policy hitherto in use.

On March 31, 2023, MCA amended the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Amendment Rules, 2023, as below:

a) Ind AS 1 - Presentation of Financial Statements

This amendment requires the entities to disclose their material accounting policies rather than their significant accounting policies. The effective date for adoption of this amendment is annual periods beginning on or after April 1, 2023. The Company has evaluated the amendment and the impact of the amendment is insignificant in the standalone financial statements.

b) Ind AS 8 - Accounting Policies, Changes in Accounting Estimates and Errors

This amendment has introduced a definition of ''accounting estimates'' and included amendments to Ind AS 8 to help entities distinguish changes in accounting policies from changes in accounting estimates. The effective date for adoption of this amendment is annual periods beginning on or after April 1,2023. The Company has evaluated the amendment and there is no impact on its standalone financial statements.

c) Ind AS 12 - Income Taxes

This amendment has narrowed the scope of the initial recognition exemption so that it does not apply to transactions that give rise to equal and offsetting temporary differences. The effective date for adoption of this amendment is annual periods beginning on or after April 1, 2023. The Company has evaluated the amendment and there is no impact on its standalone financial statements.

3.3 Critical accounting judgments and key sources of estimation uncertainty

The preparation of the financial statements in conformity with the Ind AS requires management to make judgments, estimates and assumptions that affect the application of accounting policies and the reported amounts of assets, liabilities and disclosures as at date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of the revenues and expenses for the years presented. The estimates and associated assumptions are based on historical experience and other factors that are considered to be relevant. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions and conditions.

The estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognized in the period in which the estimate is revised if the revision affects only that period, or in the period of the revision and future periods if the revision affects both current and future periods.

Critical Judgments In the process of applying the Company''s accounting policies, management has made the following judgments, which have the most significant effect on the amounts recognized in the financial statements.

Discount rate used to determine the carrying amount of the Company''s defined benefit obligation: The cost of the defined benefit gratuity plan and the present value of the gratuity obligation are determined using actuarial valuations. An actuarial valuation involves making various assumptions that may differ from actual developments in the future. These include the determination of the discount rate; future salary increases and mortality rates. Due to the complexities involved in the valuation and its long-term nature, a defined benefit obligation is highly sensitive to changes in these assumptions. All assumptions are reviewed at each reporting date.

Contingences and commitments: In the normal course of business, contingent liabilities may arise from litigations and other claims against the Company. Where the potential liabilities have a low probability of crystallizing or are very difficult to quantify reliably, company treat them as contingent liabilities. Such liabilities are disclosed in the notes but are not provided for in the financial statements. Although there can be no assurance regarding the final outcome of the legal proceedings, the company do not expect them to have a materially adverse impact on the financial position or profitability.

Key sources of estimation uncertainty

The key assumptions concerning the future, and other key sources of estimation uncertainty at the end of the reporting period, that have a significant risk of causing a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities within the next financial year are discussed below:

(a) Income taxes: The Company''s tax jurisdiction is India. Significant judgments are involved in determining the provision for income taxes, including amount expected to be paid / recovered for uncertain tax positions.

(b) Useful lives of property, plant and equipment: As described in Note 3.8, the Company reviews the estimated useful lives and residual values of property, plant and equipment at the end of each reporting period. During the current financial year, the management determined that there were no changes to the useful lives and residual values of the property, plant and equipment.

(c) Allowances for doubtful debts: The Company makes allowances for doubtful debts based on an assessment of the recoverability of trade and other receivables. The identification of doubtful debts requires use of judgment and estimates.

3.4 Operating Cycle and Current versus non-current classification

The Company presents assets and liabilities in the balance sheet based on current/ noncurrent classification in accordance with Part-I of Division- II of Schedule III of the Companies Act, 2013.

An asset is treated as current when it (a) Expected to be realised or intended to be sold or consumed in normal operating cycle; (b) Held primarily for the purpose of trading; or(c) Expected to be realised within twelve months after the reporting period, or (d) The asset is cash or cash equivalent unless restricted from being exchanged or used to settle a liability for at least twelve months after the reporting period. All other assets are classified as noncurrent.

A liability is current when (a) It is expected to be settled in normal operating cycle; or (b) It is held primarily for the purpose of trading; or (c) It is due to be settled within twelve months after the reporting period, or (d) There is no unconditional right to defer the settlement of the liability for at least twelve months after the reporting period. Terms of a liability that could, at the option of the counterparty, results in its settlement by the issue of equity instruments do not affect its classification. The Company classifies all other liabilities as non-current.

The operating cycle is the time between the acquisition of assets for processing and their realisation in cash and cash equivalents. The Company has identified twelve months as its normal operating cycle.

3.5 Revenue recognition

Revenue is recognised upon transfer of control of promised goods to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration which the Company expects to receive in exchange for those goods Revenue from the sale of goods is recognised at the point in time when control is transferred to the customer which is usually on dispatch / delivery.

Revenue is measured based on the transaction price, which is the consideration, adjusted for volume discounts, rebates, scheme allowances, price concessions, incentives, and returns, if any, as specified in the contracts with the customers. Revenue excludes taxes collected from customers on behalf of the government. Accruals for discounts/incentives and returns are estimated (using the most likely method) based on accumulated experience and underlying schemes and agreements with customers. Due to the short nature of credit period given to customers, there is no financing component in the contract.

The Company has adopted Ind AS 115 using the cumulative catch-up method whereby the effect of applying this standard is recognised at the date of initial application (i.e. 1 April, 2018). Accordingly, the comparative information in the Statement of Profit and Loss is not restated. Impact on adoption of Ind AS 115 is not material.

Cost to obtain a contract

The Company pays sales commission to its selling agents for contracts that they obtain for the Company and same is expense out on the basis of sales took place. (Included in commission on Sales under "Other Expenses").

Costs to fulfill a contract i.e. freight, insurance and other selling expenses are recognized as an expense in the period in which related revenue is recognised.

Interest income Interest income is accrued on a time basis, by reference to the principal outstanding and at the effective interest rate applicable.

Dividends Dividend income from investments is recognized when the Company''s right to receive the payment is established, which is generally when shareholders approve the dividend.

Profit/Loss on sale of units of Mutual funds/Bonds/Shares are accounted on transfer of ownership.

3.6 Segment Reporting

An operating segment is a component of the Company that engages in business activities from which it may earn revenues and incur expenses, whose operating results are regularly reviewed by the company''s chief operating decision maker to make decisions for which discrete financial information is available. Based on the management approach as defined in Ind AS 108, the chief operating decision maker evaluates the Company''s performance and allocates resources based on an analysis of various performance indicators by business segments and geographic segments.

3.7 Foreign Currencies

Functional and presentation Currencies: The financial statements are presented in Indian Rupees, which is the functional currency of the Company and the currency of the primary economic environment in which the Company operates.

Transactions and translations: Foreign currency transactions are translated into the functional currency using the exchange rates at the dates of the transactions. Foreign-currency-denominated monetary assets and liabilities are translated into the relevant functional currency at exchange rates in effect at the Balance Sheet date. The gains or losses resulting from such translations are included in net profit in the Statement of Profit and Loss. Nonmonetary assets and non-monetary liabilities denominated in a foreign currency and measured at fair value are translated at the exchange rate prevalent at the date when the fair value was determined. Non-monetary assets and non-monetary liabilities denominated in a foreign currency and measured at historical cost are translated at the exchange rate prevalent at the date of the transaction.

Transaction gains or losses realized upon settlement of foreign currency transactions are included in determining net profit for the period in which the transaction is settled. Revenue, expense and cash flow items denominated in foreign currencies are translated into the relevant functional currencies using the exchange rate in effect on the date of the transaction.

3.8 Property, plant and equipment

Property, plant and equipment are carried at cost less accumulated depreciation and impairment losses, if any. The cost of property, plant and equipment comprises its purchase price net of any trade discounts and rebates, any import duties and other taxes (other than those subsequently recoverable from the tax authorities), any directly attributable expenditure on making the asset ready for its intended use, other incidental expenses and borrowings costs attributable to acquisition of qualifying property, plant and equipment up to the date the asset is ready for its intended use. Freehold land is not depreciated.

Capital works in progress in the course of construction for production, supply or administrative purposes are carried at cost, less any recognised impairment loss. Cost includes professional fees and, for qualifying assets, borrowing costs capitalised in accordance with the Company''s accounting policy. Such Capital works in progress are classified to the appropriate categories of property, plant and equipment when completed and ready for intended use. Depreciation of these assets, on the same basis as other property assets, commences when the assets are ready for their intended use.

An item of property, plant and equipment is derecognised upon disposal or when no future economic benefits are expected to arise from the continued use of the asset. Any gain or loss arising on the disposal or retirement of an item of property, plant and equipment is determined as the difference between the sales proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset and is recognised in profit and loss.

Depreciation is recognised so as to write off the cost of assets (other than freehold land and properties under construction) less their residual values over their useful lives. Depreciation on plant and machinery, railway siding is charged under straight line method and on other assets depreciation is charged under diminishing balance method, based on the useful life prescribed in Schedule II to the Companies Act, 2013 except in respect of the following categories of assets, in whose case the life of the assets has been assessed as under based on technical advice, taking into account the nature of the asset, the estimated usage of the asset, the operating conditions of the asset, past history of replacement,

anticipated technological changes, manufacturers warranties and maintenance support, etc.

Class of asset	Useful lives
Building	5 - 60 years
Plant and Machineries
-Power plant	30 - 40 years
-Other than Power Plant	5 - 30 years
Furniture and Fixtures	3 - 10 years
Office Equipment	10 years
Vehicles	5 - 10 years
Railway Siding	25 years

The estimated useful lives, residual values and depreciation method are reviewed at the end of each reporting period, with the effect of any changes in estimate accounted for on a prospective basis.

The Company follows the process of componentization for property, plant and equipment. Accordingly, the Company has identified a part of an asset as a separate component in whole asset value (beyond certain value) and useful life of the part is different from the useful life of the remaining asset. The useful life has been assessed based on technical advice, taking into account the nature of the asset / component of an asset, the estimated usage of the asset / component of an asset on the basis of management''s best estimation of getting economic benefits from those class of assets / components of an asset. The Company uses its technical expertise along with historical and industry trends for arriving the economic life of an asset/component of an asset.

Individual assets costing less than or equal to Rs. 5,000 are depreciated in full in the year of acquisition.

Land-Restoration:

The Company provides for the costs of restoring a site where a legal or constructive obligation exists. The estimated future costs for known restoration requirements are determined on a site-by-site basis and are calculated based on the present value of estimated future cash out flows. The site restoration provision before exploitation of the raw materials has commenced is included in Property, Plant and Equipment and depreciated over the life of the related asset.

Changes in the measurement of a provision that result from changes in the estimated timing or amount of cash outflows, or a change in the discount rate, are added to or deducted from the cost of the related asset to the extent that they relate to the asset''s installation, construction or acquisition.

The effect of any adjustments to the provision due to further environmental damage as a result of exploitation activities is recorded through the Statement of Profit and Loss over the life of the related asset, in order to reflect the best estimate of the expenditure required to settle the obligation at the end of the reporting period. All provisions are discounted to their present value. The unwinding of the discount is recognised as a finance cost in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

3.9 Capital work-in-progress and intangible assets under development

Capital work-in-progress/intangible assets under development are carried at cost, comprising direct cost, related incidental expenses and attributable borrowing cost.

3.10 Intangible assets

Intangible assets are measured on initial recognition at cost and subsequently are carried at cost less accumulated amortization and accumulated impairment losses, if any.

An intangible asset is derecognized on disposal, or when no future economic benefits are expected from use or disposal. Gains or losses on derecognition are determined by comparing proceeds with carrying amount. These are included in profit or loss within other gains/(losses).

The Company amortises intangible assets with a finite useful life using the straight-line method over the useful lives determined by the terms of the agreement /contract.The estimated useful life is reviewed annually by the management.

3.11 Impairment of Non-Financial Assets

At the end of each reporting period, the Company reviews the carrying amounts of nonfinancial assets to determine whether there is any indication that those assets have suffered an impairment loss. If any such indication exists, the recoverable amount of the asset is estimated in order to determine the extent of the impairment loss (if any). When it is not possible to estimate the recoverable amount of an individual asset, the Company estimates the recoverable amount of the cash-generating unit to which the asset belongs.

Intangible assets with indefinite useful lives and intangible assets not yet available for use are tested for impairment at least annually, and whenever there is an indication that the asset may be impaired.

Recoverable amount is the higher of fair value less costs of disposal and value in use. In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the asset for which the estimates of future cash flows have not been adjusted.

If the recoverable amount of an asset (or cash-generating unit) is estimated to be less than its carrying amount, the carrying amount of the asset (or cash-generating unit) is reduced to its recoverable amount. An impairment loss is recognised immediately in Statement of Profit and Loss, unless the relevant asset is carried at a revalued amount, in which case the impairment loss is treated as a revaluation decrease.

When an impairment loss subsequently reverses, the carrying amount of the asset (or a cash-generating unit) is increased to the revised estimate of its recoverable amount, but so that the increased carrying amount does not exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined had no impairment loss been recognised for the asset (or cash-generating unit) in prior years. A reversal of an impairment loss is recognized immediately in the Statement of Profit and Loss, unless the relevant asset is carried at a revalued amount, in which case the reversal of the impairment loss is treated as a revaluation increase.

3.12 Income tax

Income tax expense comprises current tax expense and the net change in the deferred tax asset or liability during the year. Current and deferred taxes are recognised in Statement of Profit and Loss, except when they relate to items that are recognised in other comprehensive income or directly in equity, in which case, the current and deferred tax are also recognised in other comprehensive income or directly in equity, respectively.

Current tax: Current tax is measured at the amount of tax expected to be payable on the taxable income for the year as determined in accordance with the provisions of the Income Tax Act, 1961. Current tax assets and current tax liabilities are offset when there is a legally enforceable right to set off the recognized amounts and there is an intention to settle the asset and the liability on a net basis.

Deferred tax: Deferred income tax is recognised using the Balance Sheet approach. Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are recognised for deductible and taxable temporary differences arising between the tax base of assets and liabilities and their carrying amount, except when the deferred income tax arises from the initial recognition of an asset or liability

in a transaction that is not a business combination and affects neither accounting nor taxable profit or loss at the time of the transaction.

Deferred tax assets are recognised only to the extent that it is probable that either future taxable profits or reversal of deferred tax liabilities will be available, against which the deductible temporary differences, and the carry forward of unused tax credits and unused tax losses can be utilised. The carrying amount of a deferred tax asset is reviewed at the end of each reporting date and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profit will be available to allow all or part of the deferred income tax asset to be utilised.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using the tax rates and tax laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the end of the reporting period and are expected to apply when the related deferred tax asset is realised or the deferred tax liability is settled. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset when there is a legally enforceable right to set current tax assets and liabilities and when the deferred tax balances relate to the same taxation authority.

3.13 Leases

The Company evaluates if an arrangement qualifies to be a lease as per the requirements of Ind AS 116. Identification of a lease requires significant judgment. A contract is, or contains, a lease if the contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration. The determination of whether an arrangement is (or contains) a lease is based on the substance of the arrangement at the inception of the lease. The arrangement is, or contains, a lease if fulfilment of the arrangement is dependent on the use of a specific asset or assets and the arrangement conveys a right to use the asset or assets, even if that right is not explicitly specified in an arrangement.

The Company assesses whether a contract contains a lease, at inception of a contract. A contract is, or contains, a lease if the contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration. To assess whether a contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset, the Company assesses whether: (i) the contract involves the use of an identified asset (ii) the Company has substantially all of the economic benefits from use of the asset through the period of the lease and (iii) the Company has the right to direct the use of the asset. The Company uses significant judgement in assessing the lease term (including anticipated renewals) and the applicable discount rate. The determination of whether an arrangement is (or contains) a lease is based on the substance of the arrangement at the inception of the lease. The arrangement is, or contains, a lease if fulfilment of the arrangement is dependent on the use of a specific asset or assets and the arrangement conveys a right to use the asset or assets, even if that right is not explicitly specified in an arrangement.

At the date of commencement of the lease, the Company recognizes a right-of-use asset ("ROU") and a corresponding lease liability for all lease arrangements in which it is a lessee, except for leases with a term of twelve months or less (short-term leases) and low value leases. For these short-term and low value leases, the Company recognizes the lease payments as an operating expense on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease.

The right-of-use assets are initially recognized at cost, which comprises the initial amount of the lease liability adjusted for any lease payments made at or prior to the commencement date of the lease plus any initial direct costs less any lease incentives. They are subsequently measured at cost less accumulated depreciation and impairment losses.

Right-of-use assets are depreciated from the commencement date on a straight-line basis over the lease term and useful life of the underlying asset. The lease liability is initially measured at amortized cost at the present value of the future lease payments. The lease payments are discounted using the interest rate implicit in the lease or, if not readily determinable, using the incremental borrowing rates in the country of domicile of these

leases. Lease liabilities are remeasured with a corresponding adjustment to the related right of use asset if the Company changes its assessment if whether it will exercise an extension or a termination option.

Lease liability and ROU asset have been separately presented in the Balance Sheet and lease payments have been classified as financing cash flows.

3.14 Cash and cash equivalents

For the purpose of presentation in the statement of cash flows, cash and cash equivalents includes cash on hand, deposits held at call with financial institutions, other short-term, highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less that are readily convertible to known amounts of cash and which are subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value.

3.15 Provisions and Contingent Liabilities:

Provisions are recognised when the Company has a present obligation (legal or constructive) as a result of a past event, it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation. Provisions are measured at the best estimate of the expenditure required to settle the present obligation at the Balance Sheet date.

If the effect of the time value of money is material, provisions are discounted to reflect its present value using a current pre-tax rate that reflects the current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the obligation. When discounting is used, the increase in the provision due to the passage of time is recognised as a finance cost. Contingent liabilities are disclosed when there is a possible obligation arising from past events, the existence of which will be confirmed only by the occurrence or non-occurrence of one or more uncertain future events not wholly within the control of the Company or a present obligation that arises from past events where it is either not probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation or a reliable estimate of the amount cannot be made.

3.16 Inventories

Inventories are valued as follows:

• Raw materials, fuel, stores & spare parts and packing materials:

Valued at lower of cost and net realisable value(NRV). However, these items are considered to be realisable at cost, if the finished products, in which they will be used, are expected to be sold at or above cost. Cost is determined on weighted average basis.

• Work-in- progress (WIP), finished goods, stock-in-trade and trial run inventories:

Valued at lower of cost and NRV. Cost of Finished goods and WIP includes cost of raw materials, cost of conversion and other costs incurred in bringing the inventories to their present location and condition. Cost of inventories is computed on weighted average basis.

• Waste / Scrap:

Waste / Scrap inventory is valued at NRV.

Net realisable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less the estimated costs of completion and the estimated costs necessary to make the sale.

3.17 Financial instruments

Financial assets and financial liabilities are recognised when a Company becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instruments.

Initial Recognition:

Financial assets and financial liabilities are initially measured at fair value. Transaction costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition or issue of financial assets and financial liabilities (other than financial assets and financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss and ancillary costs related to borrowings) are added to or deducted from the fair value of the financial assets or financial liabilities, as appropriate, on initial recognition. Transaction costs directly attributable to the acquisition of financial assets or financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss are recognised immediately in Statement of Profit and Loss. Classification and Subsequent Measurement: Financial Assets The Company classifies financial assets as subsequently measured at amortised cost, fair value through other comprehensive income ("FVOCI") or fair value through profit or loss ("FVTPL") on the basis of following:

• The entity''s business model for managing the financial assets and

• The contractual cash flow characteristics of the financial asset.

Amortised Cost:

A financial asset shall be classified and measured at amortized cost if both of the following conditions are met:

• The financial asset is held within a business model whose objective is to hold financial assets in order to collect contractual cash flows and

• The contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest onthe principal amount outstanding.

Fair Value through OCI:

A financial asset shall be classified and measured at fair value through OCI if both of the following conditions are met:

• The financial asset is held within a business model whose objective is achieved by both collecting contractual cash flows and selling financial assets and

• The contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.

Fair Value through Profit or Loss:

A financial asset shall be classified and measured at fair value through profit or loss unless it is measured at amortised cost or at fair value through OCI.

All recognised financial assets are subsequently measured in their entirety at either amortised cost or fair value, depending on the classification of the financial assets.

Classification and Subsequent Measurement: Financial liabilities:

Financial liabilities are classified as either financial liabilities at FVTPL or ''other financial liabilities''.

Financial Liabilities at FVTPL:

Financial liabilities are classified as at FVTPL when the financial liability is held for trading or are designated upon initial recognition as FVTPL:

Gains or Losses on liabilities held for trading are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

Other Financial Liabilities:

Other financial liabilities (including borrowings and trade and other payables) are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method.

The effective interest method is a method of calculating the amortised cost of a financial liability and of allocating interest expense over the relevant period. The effective interest rate is the rate that exactly discounts estimated future cash payments (including all fees and points paid or received that form an integral part of the effective interest rate, transaction costs and other premiums or discounts) through the expected life of the financial liability, or (where appropriate) a shorter period, to the net carrying amount on initial recognition. Impairment of financial assets:

Financial assets, other than those at FVTPL, are assessed for indicators of impairment at the end of each reporting period. The Company recognizes a loss allowance for expected credit losses on financial asset. In case of trade receivables, the Company follows the simplified approach permitted by Ind AS 109 - Financial Instruments for recognition of impairment loss allowance. The application of simplified approach does not require the Company to track changes in credit risk. The Company calculates the expected credit losses on trade receivables using a provision matrix on the basis of its historical credit loss experience.

Derecognition of financial assets:

The Company derecognises a financial asset when the contractual rights to the cash flows from the asset expire, or when it transfers the financial asset and substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership of the asset to another party. If the Company neither transfers nor retains substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership and continues to control the transferred asset, the Company recognizes its retained interest in the asset and an associated liability for amounts it may have to pay. If the Company retains substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership of a transferred financial asset, the Company continues to recognise the financial asset and also recognises a collateralized borrowing for the proceeds received. On derecognition of a financial asset in its entirety, the difference between the asset''s carrying amount and the sum of the consideration received and receivable and the cumulative gain or loss that had been recognised in other comprehensive income and accumulated in equity is recognised in profit or loss if such gain or loss would have otherwise been recognised in profit or loss on disposal of that financial asset.

On derecognition of a financial asset other than in its entirety (e.g. when the Company retains an option to repurchase part of a transferred asset), the Company allocates the previous carrying amount of the financial asset between the part it continues to recognise under continuing involvement, and the part it no longer recognises on the basis of the relative fair values of those parts on the date of the transfer. The difference between the carrying amount allocated to the part that is no longer recognised and the sum of the consideration received for the part no longer recognised and any cumulative gain or loss allocated to it that had been recognised in other comprehensive income is recognized in Statement of profit and loss if such gain or loss would have otherwise been recognised in Statement of profit and loss on disposal of that financial asset. A cumulative gain or loss that had been recognised in other comprehensive income is allocated between the part that continues to be recognised and the part that is no longer recognised on the basis of the relative fair values of those parts.

Offsetting of financial instruments

Financial assets and financial liabilities are set off and the net amount is reported in financial statements if there is a currently enforceable legal right to offset the recognised amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis, to realise the assets and settle the liabilities simultaneously.

3.18 Exceptional items

Items of income or expense from ordinary activities which are non-recurring and are of such size, nature or incidence that their separate disclosure is considered necessary to

explain the performance of the Company are disclosed as Exceptional items in the Statement of Profit & Loss.

3.19 Borrowing costs

General and specific borrowing costs (including exchange differences arising from foreign currency borrowing to the extent that they are regarded as an adjustment to interest cost) that are directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of a qualifying asset are capitalised during the period of time that is required to complete and prepare the asset for its intended use or sale. Qualifying assets are assets that necessarily take a substantial period of time to get ready for their intended use or sale.

Investment income earned on the temporary investment of specific borrowings pending their expenditure on qualifying assets is deducted from the borrowing costs eligible for capitalisation. Other borrowing costs are expensed in the period in which they are incurred.

3.20 Employee Benefits

Employee benefits consist of contribution to employees'' state insurance, provident fund, gratuity fund and compensated absences.

Liabilities for wages and salaries, including non-monetary benefits that are expected to be settled wholly within 12 months after the end of the period in which the employees rendered the related services are recognized in respect of employees'' services up to the end of the reporting period and are measured at the amounts expected to be paid when the liabilities are settled.

Post-employment benefit plans

Defined Contribution plans: Contributions to defined contribution schemes such as employees'' state insurance, labour welfare fund, employee pension scheme etc. are charged as an expense based on the amount of contribution required to be made as and when services are rendered by the employees. Company''s provident fund contribution is made to a government administered fund and charged as an expense to the Statement of Profit and Loss. The above benefits are classified as Defined Contribution Schemes as the Company has no further defined obligations beyond the monthly contributions.

Defined benefit plans: The Company operates defined benefit plan in the form of gratuity and compensated absence. The liability or asset recognised in the balance sheet in respect of its defined benefit plans is the present value of the defined benefit obligation at the end of the reporting period. The defined benefit obligation is calculated by actuaries using the projected unit credit method.

The interest expense is calculated by applying the discount rate to the net defined benefit liability or asset. The net interest expense on the net defined benefit liability or asset is recognised in the Statement of Profit and loss.

Re-measurement gains and losses arising from experience adjustments and changes in actuarial assumptions are recognised in the period in which they occur, directly in other comprehensive income. They are included in retained earnings in the Statement of Changes in Equity and in the Balance Sheet. Changes in the present value of the defined benefit obligation resulting from plan amendments or curtailments are recognised immediately in Statement of profit and loss as past service cost.

The classification of the company''s net obligation into current and non- current is as per the actuarial valuation report.

3.21 Earnings per share (EPS)

Basic EPS is computed by dividing the profit or loss attributable to the equity shareholders of the Company by the weighted average number of Ordinary shares outstanding during the year. Diluted EPS is computed by adjusting the profit or loss attributable to the ordinary equity shareholders and the weighted average number of ordinary equity shares, for the effects of all dilutive potential ordinary shares.

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Mar 31, 2018

1. Significant Accounting policies

1.1 Statement of Compliance

These financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with Indian Accounting Standards notified under the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015 as amended, the relevant provisions of Companies Act, 2013 and guidelines issued by the Security and Exchange Board of India (SEBI), as applicable.

1.2 Basis of preparation

These financial statements are prepared in accordance with Indian Accounting Standards (Ind AS) notified under Section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013 (‘the Act’) read with Rule 3 of the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015 as amended and presentation requirements of Schedule III to the Act under the historical cost convention on the accrual basis except for certain financial instruments which are measured at fair value.

Accounting policies have been consistently applied except where a newly issued accounting standard is initially adopted or a revision to an existing accounting standard requires a change in the accounting policy hitherto in use.

1.3 Critical accounting judgments and key sources of estimation uncertainty

The preparation of the financial statements in conformity with the Ind AS requires management to make judgements, estimates and assumptions that affect the application of accounting policies and the reported amounts of assets, liabilities and disclosures as at date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of the revenues and expenses for the years presented. The estimates and associated assumptions are based on historical experience and other factors that are considered to be relevant. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions and conditions.

The estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognized in the period in which the estimate is revised if the revision affects only that period, or in the period of the revision and future periods if the revision affects both current and future periods.

Critical Judgments In the process of applying the Company’s accounting policies, management has made the following judgments, which have the most significant effect on the amounts recognized in the financial statements.

Discount rate used to determine the carrying amount of the Company’s defined benefit obligation: The cost of the defined benefit gratuity plan and the present value of the gratuity obligation are determined using actuarial valuations. An actuarial valuation involves making various assumptions that may differ from actual developments in the future. These include the determination of the discount rate; future salary increases and mortality rates. Due to the complexities involved in the valuation and its long-term nature, a defined benefit obligation is highly sensitive to changes in these assumptions. All assumptions are reviewed at each reporting date.

Contingences and commitments: In the normal course of business, contingent liabilities may arise from litigations and other claims against the Company. Where the potential liabilities have a low probability of crystallizing or are very difficult to quantify reliably, company treat them as contingent liabilities. Such liabilities are disclosed in the notes but are not provided for in the financial statements. Although there can be no assurance regarding the final outcome of the legal proceedings, the company do not expect them to have a materially adverse impact on the financial position or profitability.

Key sources of estimation uncertainty

The key assumptions concerning the future, and other key sources of estimation uncertainty at the end of the reporting period, that have a significant risk of causing a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities within the next financial year are discussed below:

(a) Income taxes: The Company’s tax jurisdiction is India. Significant judgments are involved in determining the provision for income taxes, including amount expected to be paid / recovered for uncertain tax positions.

(b) Useful lives of property, plant and equipment:

As described in Note 3.8, the Company reviews the estimated useful lives and residual values of property, plant and equipment at the end of each reporting period. During the current financial year, the management determined that there were no changes to the useful lives and residual values of the property, plant and equipment.

(c) Allowances for doubtful debts: The Company makes allowances for doubtful debts based on an assessment of the recoverability of trade and other receivables. The identification of doubtful debts requires use of judgment and estimates.

1.4 Operating Cycle and Current versus non-current classification

The Company presents assets and liabilities in the balance sheet based on current/ non-current classification in accordance with Part-I of Division- II of Schedule III of the Companies Act, 2013.

An asset is treated as current when it (a) Expected to be realised or intended to be sold or consumed in normal operating cycle; (b) Held primarily for the purpose of trading; or (c) Expected to be realised within twelve months after the reporting period, or (d) The asset is cash or cash equivalent unless restricted from being exchanged or used to settle a liability for at least twelve months after the reporting period. All other assets are classified as non-current.

A liability is current when (a) It is expected to be settled in normal operating cycle; or (b) It is held primarily for the purpose of trading; or (c) It is due to be settled within twelve months after the reporting period, or (d) There is no unconditional right to defer the settlement of the liability for at least twelve months after the reporting period. Terms of a liability that could, at the option of the counterparty, results in its settlement by the issue of equity instruments do not affect its classification. The Company classifies all other liabilities as non-current.

The operating cycle is the time between the acquisition of assets for processing and their realisation in cash and cash equivalents. The Company has identified twelve months as its normal operating cycle.

1.5 Revenue recognition

Revenue is recognized to the extent that it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the Company and the revenue can be reliably measured, regardless of when the payment is being made. Revenue is measured at the fair value of the consideration received or receivable, taking into account contractually defined terms of payment inclusive of excise duty and net of returns, trade allowances, rebates, taxes and amounts collected on behalf of third parties and government.

Sale of Goods Revenue from the sale of goods is recognised when the goods are delivered and titles have passed, at which time all the following conditions are satisfied:

- the Company has transferred to the buyer the significant risks and rewards of ownership of the goods;

- the Company retains neither continuing managerial involvement to the degree usually associated with ownership nor effective control over the goods sold;

- the amount of revenue can be measured reliably;

- it is probable that the economic benefits associated with the transaction will flow to the Company; and the costs incurred or to be incurred in respect of the transaction can be measured reliably.

Interest income Interest income is accrued on a time basis, by reference to the principal outstanding and at the effective interest rate applicable.

Dividends Dividend income from investments is recognised when the Company’s right to receive the payment is established, which is generally when shareholders approve the dividend.

1.6 Segment Reporting

An operating segment is a component of the Company that engages in business activities from which it may earn revenues and incur expenses, whose operating results are regularly reviewed by the company’s chief operating decision maker to make decisions for which discrete financial information is available. Based on the management approach as defined in Ind AS 108, the chief operating decision maker evaluates the Company’s performance and allocates resources based on an analysis of various performance indicators by business segments and geographic segments.

1.7 Foreign Currencies

Functional and presentation Currencies: The financial statements are presented in Indian Rupees, which is the functional currency of the Company and the currency of the primary economic environment in which the

Company operates.

Transactions and translations: Foreign currency transactions are translated into the functional currency using the exchange rates at the dates of the transactions. Foreign-currency-denominated monetary assets and liabilities are translated into the relevant functional currency at exchange rates in effect at the Balance Sheet date. The gains or losses resulting from such translations are included in net profit in the Statement of Profit and Loss. Non-monetary assets and non-monetary liabilities denominated in a foreign currency and measured at fair value are translated at the exchange rate prevalent at the date when the fair value was determined. Non-monetary assets and nonmonetary liabilities denominated in a foreign currency and measured at historical cost are translated at the exchange rate prevalent at the date of the transaction.

Transaction gains or losses realized upon settlement of foreign currency transactions are included in determining net profit for the period in which the transaction is settled. Revenue, expense and cash flow items denominated in foreign currencies are translated into the relevant functional currencies using the exchange rate in effect on the date of the transaction.

1.8 Property, plant and equipment

Property, plant and equipment (PPE) are initially recognised at cost. The initial cost of PPE comprises its purchase price, including non-refundable duties and taxes net of any trade discounts and rebates. The cost of PPE includes interest on borrowings (borrowing cost) directly attributable to acquisition, construction or production of qualifying assets subsequent to initial recognition, PPE are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation (other than freehold land, which are stated at cost) and impairment losses, if any.

Subsequent costs are included in the asset’s carrying amount or recognised as a separate asset, as appropriate, only when it is probable that future economic benefits associated with the item will flow to the Company and the cost of the item can be measured reliably. The carrying amount of any component accounted for as a separate asset is derecognised when replaced. All other repairs and maintenance are charged to profit or loss during the reporting period in which they are incurred.

Assets held under finance leases are depreciated over their expected useful lives on the same basis as owned assets. However, when there is no reasonable certainty that ownership will be obtained by the end of the lease term, assets are depreciated over the shorter of the lease term and useful lives.

Depreciation is recognised so as to write off the cost of assets (other than freehold land and capital work in progress) less their residual values over the useful lives, using the straight- line method (“SLM”) in the manner prescribed in schedule II to the Act. Management believes based on a technical evaluation (which is based on technical advice, taking into account the nature of the asset, the estimated usage of the asset, the operating conditions of the asset, past history of replacement, anticipated technological changes, manufacturers warranties and maintenance support, etc.) that the useful lives of the assets as considered by the company reflect the periods over which these assets are expected to be used. Such classes of assets and their estimated useful lives are as under;

Carrying values of property, plant and equipment are reviewed for impairment when events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable.

The residual values, useful life and depreciation method are reviewed at each financial year-end to ensure that the amount, method and period of depreciation are consistent with previous estimates and the expected pattern of consumption of the future economic benefits embodied in the items of property, plant and equipment.

An item of property, plant and equipment is derecognised upon disposal or when no future economic benefits are expected to arise from the continued use of the asset. Any gain or loss arising on disposal or retirement of an item of property, plant and equipment is determined as the difference between sales proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset and is recognised in profit or loss. Fully depreciated assets still in use are retained in financial statements.

1.9 Capital work-in-progress and intangible assets under development

Capital work-in-progress/intangible assets under development are carried at cost, comprising direct cost, related incidental expenses and attributable borrowing cost.

1.10 Intangible assets

Intangible assets are measured on initial recognition at cost and subsequently are carried at cost less accumulated amortization and accumulated impairment losses, if any.

An intangible asset is derecognized on disposal, or when no future economic benefits are expected from use or disposal. Gains or losses on derecognition are determined by comparing proceeds with carrying amount. These are included in profit or loss within other gains/(losses).

The Company amortises intangible assets with a finite useful life using the straight-line method over the useful lives determined by the terms of the agreement / contract. The estimated useful life is reviewed annually by the management.

1.11 Impairment of Non-Financial Assets

At the end of each reporting period, the Company reviews the carrying amounts of non-financial assets to determine whether there is any indication that those assets have suffered an impairment loss. If any such indication exists, the recoverable amount of the asset is estimated in order to determine the extent of the impairment loss (if any). When it is not possible to estimate the recoverable amount of an individual asset, the Company estimates the recoverable amount of the cash-generating unit to which the asset belongs.

Intangible assets with indefinite useful lives and intangible assets not yet available for use are tested for impairment at least annually, and whenever there is an indication that the asset may be impaired.

Recoverable amount is the higher of fair value less costs of disposal and value in use. In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the asset for which the estimates of future cash flows have not been adjusted.

If the recoverable amount of an asset (or cash-generating unit) is estimated to be less than its carrying amount, the carrying amount of the asset (or cash-generating unit) is reduced to its recoverable amount. An impairment loss is recognised immediately in Statement of Profit and Loss, unless the relevant asset is carried at a revalued amount, in which case the impairment loss is treated as a revaluation decrease.

When an impairment loss subsequently reverses, the carrying amount of the asset (or a cash-generating unit) is increased to the revised estimate of its recoverable amount, but so that the increased carrying amount does not exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined had no impairment loss been recognised for the asset (or cash-generating unit) in prior years. A reversal of an impairment loss is recognized immediately in the Statement of Profit and Loss, unless the relevant asset is carried at a revalued amount, in which case the reversal of the impairment loss is treated as a revaluation increase.

1.12 Income tax

Income tax expense comprises current tax expense and the net change in the deferred tax asset or liability during the year. Current and deferred taxes are recognised in Statement of Profit and Loss, except when they relate to items that are recognised in other comprehensive income or directly in equity, in which case, the current and deferred tax are also recognised in other comprehensive income or directly in equity, respectively.

Current tax: Current tax is measured at the amount of tax expected to be payable on the taxable income for the year as determined in accordance with the provisions of the Income Tax Act, 1961. Current tax assets and current tax liabilities are offset when there is a legally enforceable right to set off the recognized amounts and there is an intention to settle the asset and the liability on a net basis.

Deferred tax: Deferred income tax is recognised using the Balance Sheet approach. Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are recognised for deductible and taxable temporary differences arising between the tax base of assets and liabilities and their carrying amount, except when the deferred income tax arises from the initial recognition of an asset or liability in a transaction that is not a business combination and affects neither accounting nor taxable profit or loss at the time of the transaction.

Deferred tax assets are recognised only to the extent that it is probable that either future taxable profits or reversal of deferred tax liabilities will be available, against which the deductible temporary differences, and the carry forward of unused tax credits and unused tax losses can be utilised. The carrying amount of a deferred tax asset is reviewed at the end of each reporting date and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profit will be available to allow all or part of the deferred income tax asset to be utilised.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using the tax rates and tax laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the end of the reporting period and are expected to apply when the related deferred tax asset is realised or the deferred tax liability is settled. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset when there is a legally enforceable right to set current tax assets and liabilities and when the deferred tax balances relate to the same taxation authority.

1.13 Leases

Leases are classified as finance leases whenever the terms of lease transfer substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership to the lessee. Leases where a significant portion of the risks and rewards of ownership are retained by the lessor are classified as operating leases.

Operating Lease: Operating lease payments are recognized as an expense in the Statement of Profit and Loss on a straight-line basis over the lease term except where another systematic basis is more representative of the time pattern in which economic benefits from leased assets are consumed. The aggregate benefit of incentives (excluding in inflationary increases where rentals are structured solely to increase in line with the expected general inflation to compensate for the lessor’s inflationary cost increases, such increases are recognised in the year in which the benefits accrue) provided by the lessor is recognized as a reduction of rental expense over the lease term on a straight-line basis.

Finance Lease: Assets held under finance leases are initially recognized as assets of the Company at their fair value at the inception of the lease or, if lower, at the present value of the minimum lease payments. The corresponding liability to the lessor is included in the Balance Sheet as a finance lease obligation. Assets held under finance leases are depreciated over their expected useful lives on the same basis as owned assets or, where shorter, the term of the relevant lease. Lease payments are apportioned between finance expenses and reduction of the lease obligation so as to achieve a constant rate of interest on the remaining balance of the liability. Finance expenses are recognized immediately in profit or loss, unless they are directly attributable to qualifying assets, in which case they are capitalized in accordance with the Company’s general policy on borrowing costs. Contingent rentals are recognized as expenses in the periods in which they are incurred.

1.14 Cash and cash equivalents

For the purpose of presentation in the statement of cash flows, cash and cash equivalents includes cash on hand, deposits held at call with financial institutions, other short-term, highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less that are readily convertible to known amounts of cash and which are subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value.

1.15 Provisions and Contingent Liabilities:

Provisions are recognised when the Company has a present obligation (legal or constructive) as a result of a past event, it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation. Provisions are measured at the best estimate of the expenditure required to settle the present obligation at the Balance Sheet date.

If the effect of the time value of money is material, provisions are discounted to reflect its present value using a current pre-tax rate that reflects the current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the obligation. When discounting is used, the increase in the provision due to the passage of time is recognised as a finance cost.

Contingent liabilities are disclosed when there is a possible obligation arising from past events, the existence of which will be confirmed only by the occurrence or non-occurrence of one or more uncertain future events not wholly within the control of the Company or a present obligation that arises from past events where it is either not probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation or a reliable estimate of the amount cannot be made.

1.16 Inventories

Inventories are valued as follows:

- Raw materials, fuel, stores & spare parts and packing materials:

Valued at lower of cost and net realisable value(NRV). However, these items are considered to be realisable at cost, if the finished products, in which they will be used, are expected to be sold at or above cost. Cost is determined on weighted average basis.

- Work-in- progress (WIP), finished goods, stock-in-trade and trial run inventories:

Valued at lower of cost and NRV. Cost of Finished goods and WIP includes cost of raw materials, cost of conversion and other costs incurred in bringing the inventories to their present location and condition. Cost of inventories is computed on weighted average basis.

- Waste / Scrap:

Waste / Scrap inventory is valued at NRV.

Net realisable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less the estimated costs of completion and the estimated costs necessary to make the sale.

1.17 Financial instruments

Financial assets and financial liabilities are recognised when a Company becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instruments.

Initial Recognition:

Financial assets and financial liabilities are initially measured at fair value. Transaction costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition or issue of financial assets and financial liabilities (other than financial assets and financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss and ancillary costs related to borrowings) are added to or deducted from the fair value of the financial assets or financial liabilities, as appropriate, on initial recognition. Transaction costs directly attributable to the acquisition of financial assets or financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss are recognised immediately in Statement of Profit and Loss.

Classification and Subsequent Measurement: Financial Assets

The Company classifies financial assets as subsequently measured at amortised cost, fair value through other comprehensive income (“FVOCI”) or fair value through profit or loss (“FVTPL”) on the basis of following:

- the entity’s business model for managing the financial assets and

- the contractual cash flow characteristics of the financial asset.

Amortised Cost:

A financial asset shall be classified and measured at amortized cost if both of the following conditions are met:

- the financial asset is held within a business model whose objective is to hold financial assets in order to collect contractual cash flows and

- the contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.

Fair Value through OCI:

A financial asset shall be classified and measured at fair value through OCI if both of the following conditions are met:

- the financial asset is held within a business model whose objective is achieved by both collecting contractual cash flows and selling financial assets and

- the contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.

Fair Value through Profit or Loss:

A financial asset shall be classified and measured at fair value through profit or loss unless it is measured at amortised cost or at fair value through OCI.

All recognised financial assets are subsequently measured in their entirety at either amortised cost or fair value, depending on the classification of the financial assets.

Classification and Subsequent Measurement: Financial liabilities:

Financial liabilities are classified as either financial liabilities at FVTPL or ‘other financial liabilities’.

Financial Liabilities at FVTPL:

Financial liabilities are classified as at FVTPL when the financial liability is held for trading or are designated upon initial recognition as FVTPL:

Gains or Losses on liabilities held for trading are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

Other Financial Liabilities:

Other financial liabilities (including borrowings and trade and other payables) are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method.

The effective interest method is a method of calculating the amortised cost of a financial liability and of allocating interest expense over the relevant period. The effective interest rate is the rate that exactly discounts estimated future cash payments (including all fees and points paid or received that form an integral part of the effective interest rate, transaction costs and other premiums or discounts) through the expected life of the financial liability, or (where appropriate) a shorter period, to the net carrying amount on initial recognition.

Impairment of financial assets:

Financial assets, other than those at FVTPL, are assessed for indicators of impairment at the end of each reporting period. The Company recognizes a loss allowance for expected credit losses on financial asset. In case of trade receivables, the Company follows the simplified approach permitted by Ind AS 109 -Financial Instruments for recognition of impairment loss allowance. The application of simplified approach does not require the Company to track changes in credit risk. The Company calculates the expected credit losses on trade receivables using a provision matrix on the basis of its historical credit loss experience.

Derecognition of financial assets:

The Company derecognises a financial asset when the contractual rights to the cash flows from the asset expire, or when it transfers the financial asset and substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership of the asset to another party. If the Company neither transfers nor retains substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership and continues to control the transferred asset, the Company recognizes its retained interest in the asset and an associated liability for amounts it may have to pay. If the Company retains substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership of a transferred financial asset, the Company continues to recognise the financial asset and also recognises a collateralized borrowing for the proceeds received.

On derecognition of a financial asset in its entirety, the difference between the asset’s carrying amount and the sum of the consideration received and receivable and the cumulative gain or loss that had been recognised in other comprehensive income and accumulated in equity is recognised in profit or loss if such gain or loss would have otherwise been recognised in profit or loss on disposal of that financial asset.

On derecognition of a financial asset other than in its entirety (e.g. when the Company retains an option to repurchase part of a transferred asset), the Company allocates the previous carrying amount of the financial asset between the part it continues to recognise under continuing involvement, and the part it no longer recognises on the basis of the relative fair values of those parts on the date of the transfer. The difference between the carrying amount allocated to the part that is no longer recognised and the sum of the consideration received for the part no longer recognised and any cumulative gain or loss allocated to it that had been recognised in other comprehensive income is recognised in profit or loss if such gain or loss would have otherwise been recognised in profit or loss on disposal of that financial asset. A cumulative gain or loss that had been recognised in other comprehensive income is allocated between the part that continues to be recognised and the part that is no longer recognised on the basis of the relative fair values of those parts.

Offsetting of financial instruments

Financial assets and financial liabilities are set off and the net amount is reported in financial statements if there is a currently enforceable legal right to offset the recognised amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis, to realise the assets and settle the liabilities simultaneously.

1.18 Exceptional items

Items of income or expense from ordinary activities which are non-recurring and are of such size, nature or incidence that their separate disclosure is considered necessary to explain the performance of the Company are disclosed as Exceptional items in the Statement of Profit & Loss.

1.19 Borrowing costs

General and specific borrowing costs (including exchange differences arising from foreign currency borrowing to the extent that they are regarged as an adjustment to interest cost) that are directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of a qualifying asset are capitalised during the period of time that is required to complete and prepare the asset for its intended use or sale. Qualifying assets are assets that necessarily take a substantial period of time to get ready for their intended use or sale.

Investment income earned on the temporary investment of specific borrowings pending their expenditure on qualifying assets is deducted from the borrowing costs eligible for capitalisation. Other borrowing costs are expensed in the period in which they are incurred.

1.20 Employee Benefits

Employee benefits consist of contribution to employees’ state insurance, provident fund, gratuity fund and compensated absences.

Post-employment benefit plans

Defined Contribution plans: Contributions to defined contribution schemes such as employees’ state insurance, labour welfare fund, employee pension scheme etc. are charged as an expense based on the amount of contribution required to be made as and when services are rendered by the employees. Company’s provident fund contribution is made to a government administered fund and charged as an expense to the Statement of Profit and Loss. The above benefits are classified as Defined Contribution Schemes as the Company has no further defined obligations beyond the monthly contributions.

Defined benefit plans: The Company operates defined benefit plan in the form of gratuity and compensated absence. The liability or asset recognised in the balance sheet in respect of its defined benefit plans is the present value of the defined benefit obligation at the end of the reporting period. The defined benefit obligation is calculated by actuaries using the projected unit credit method.

The interest expense is calculated by applying the discount rate to the net defined benefit liability or asset. The net interest expense on the net defined benefit liability or asset is recognised in the Statement of Profit and loss.

Re-measurement gains and losses arising from experience adjustments and changes in actuarial assumptions are recognised in the period in which they occur, directly in other comprehensive income. They are included in retained earnings in the Statement of Changes in Equity and in the Balance Sheet. Changes in the present value of the defined benefit obligation resulting from plan amendments or curtailments are recognised immediately in profit or loss as past service cost.

The classification of the company’s net obligation into current and non- current is as per the actuarial valuation report.

1.21 Earnings per share (EPS)

Basic EPS is computed by dividing the profit or loss attributable to the equity shareholders of the Company by the weighted average number of Ordinary shares outstanding during the year. Diluted EPS is computed by adjusting the profit or loss attributable to the ordinary equity shareholders and the weighted average number of ordinary equity shares, for the effects of all dilutive potential Ordinary shares.

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Jun 30, 2015

A) Method of Accounting

The financial statements are prepared and presented under the historical cost convention on accrual basis of accounting in accordance with the Generally Accepted Accounting Principles in India (Indian GAAP).These financial statements comply in all material aspects with the Accounting Standards (AS) specified under Section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013, read with Rule 7 of the Companies (Accounts) Rules, 2014, the relevant provisions of the Companies Act, 2013 ("the 2013 Act") / Companies Act 1956 ("the 1956 Act"), as applicable and guidelines issued by the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI), as applicable.

The accounting policies adopted in the preparation of these financial statements are consistent with those of the previous year.

b) Use of Accounting Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with the Indian GAAP requires estimates and assumptions to be made that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities on the date of the financial statements, the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period and the disclosures relating to contingent liabilities as of the date of the financial statements. Although these estimates are based on the management's best knowledge of current events and actions, uncertainty about these assumptions and estimates could result in outcomes different from the estimates. Difference between actual results and estimates are recognized in the period in which the results are known or materialize.

Estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Any revision to accounting estimates is recognized prospectively in the current and future periods.

c) Fixed Assets

Fixed assets (whether Tangible or Intangible) are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation/ amortization / impairment loss (if any), net of MODVAT / CENVAT (wherever claimed). The cost of fixed assets includes taxes, duties, freight, borrowing cost, if capitalization criteria are met and other incidental expenses incurred in relation to their acquisition/bringing the assets for their intended use.

Spares which can be used only in connection with a particular Plant and Equipment of the Company and use is expected to be irregular, are capitalized at cost, net of CENVAT / MODVAT (wherever claimed).

Fixed Assets held for disposal are stated at lower of net book value and net realizable value and disclosed separately in the financial statements under other current assets.

Losses arising from the retirement of, and gains / losses arising from disposal of fixed assets which are carried at cost are recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss

d) Expenditure during construction period:

Expenditure/ Income, during construction period (including financing cost relating to borrowed funds for construction or acquisition of qualifying fixed assets) is included under Capital Work-in-Progress and the same is allocated to the respective fixed assets on the completion of their construction.

e) Borrowing Costs

Borrowing costs that are attributable to the acquisition or construction of a qualifying asset are capitalized as part of the cost of such asset till such time the asset is ready for its intended use. A qualifying asset is an asset that necessarily takes a substantial period of time to get ready for its intended use. All other borrowing costs are recognized as an expense in the period in which they are incurred.

Borrowing cost includes interest expense, amortization of discounts, ancillary costs incurred in connection with borrowing of funds and exchange difference arising from foreign currency borrowings to the extent they are regarded as an adjustment to the Interest cost.

f) Depreciation and Amortization

Depreciation is the systematic allocation of the depreciable amount of an asset over its useful life and is provided on a straight-line basis over the useful lives as prescribed in Schedule II to the Companies Act, 2013.

The useful life of an asset is the period over which an asset is expected to be available for use by an entity, or the number of production or similar units expected to be obtained from the asset by the entity.

In case of certain class of assets, the Company uses different useful life than those prescribed in Schedule II to the Companies Act, 2013. The useful life has been assessed based on technical advice, taking into account the nature of the asset, the estimated usage of the asset on the basis of management's best estimation of getting economic benefits from those classes of assets. The Company uses its technical expertise along with historical and industry trends for arriving the economic life of an asset.

Depreciation on additions is provided on a pro-rata basis from the month of installation or acquisition and in case of Projects from the date of commencement of commercial production. Depreciation on deductions / disposals is provided on a pro-rata basis up to the month proceeding the month of deduction / disposal.

g) Impairment of Assets

The carrying amount of assets are reviewed at each balance sheet date, if there is an indication of impairment based on internal and external factors.

An asset is treated as impaired when the carrying amount of the asset exceeds its recoverable amount. An asset's recoverable amount is the higher of an assets net selling price and value in use. Value in use is the present value of estimated future cash flows expected to arise from the continuing use of an asset and from its disposal at the end of its useful life. The discounting rate is a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and risks specific to the assets. Net selling price is the amount obtainable from sale of the asset in an arm's length transaction between knowledgeable, willing parties, less the costs of disposal.

An impairment loss, if any, is charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss in the year in which the asset is identified as impaired. Impairment loss recognized in prior years is reversed when there is an indication that impairment loss recognized for the asset no longer exists or has decreased.

i) Investments

(i) Presentation & disclosure

Investments which are readily realizable and are intended to be held for not more than one year are classified as current investments. All other investments are classified as long-term investments / non-current investments.

(ii) Recognition & measurement

Long-term investments are stated at cost after deducting provisions made, if any, for diminution in value of investments other than temporary, determined separately for each individual investment.

Current investments, except current maturities of Long- term investments, are stated at lower of cost and fair value determined for each category of investments.

(iii) Disposal

On disposal of an investment, the difference between the carrying amount and the disposal proceeds, net of expenses, is recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

j) Foreign Currency Transactions:

(i) Transactions denominated in foreign currency are recorded at the exchange rate prevailing on the date of the transaction.

Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currency at the balance sheet date are translated at the year-end rates.

(ii) In respect of forward exchange contracts, premium or discount, being the difference between the forward exchange rate and the exchange rate at the inception of contract is recognized as expense or income over the life of the contract.

(iii) Exchange difference including premium or discount on forward exchange contracts, relating to borrowed funds, liabilities and commitments in foreign currency for acquisition of fixed assets, arising till the assets are ready for their intended use, are adjusted to cost of fixed assets. Any other exchange difference either on settlement or translation is recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

k) Inventories

(i) Raw material, fuel, stores & spare parts and packing materials:

Valued at lower of cost and net realizable value (NRV). However, these items are considered to be realizable at cost, if the finished products, in which they will be used, are expected to be sold at or above cost. Cost is determined on weighted average basis.

(ii) Work-in- progress (WIP), finished goods, stock-in- trade and trial run inventories:

Valued at lower of cost and NRV. Finished goods and WIP cost includes cost of conversion and other costs incurred in bringing the inventories to their present location and condition. Cost of inventories is computed on weighted average basis.

(iii) Waste /Scrap:

Waste / Scrap inventory is valued at NRV.

Net realizable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less the estimated costs of completion and the estimated costs necessary to make the sale.

l) Employee Benefits

(i) Short term employee benefits:

Short term employee benefits are recognized as an expense on accrual basis.

(ii) Defend Contribution Plan:

Contributions payable to recognized provident fund which are substantially defined contribution plan are recognized as expense in the Statement of Profit and Loss, as they are incurred.

Contributions as specified by law are paid to the provident fund set up as irrevocable trust. The Company is generally liable for annual contribution and any shortfall in the fund assets based on the government specified minimum rates of return and recognizes such contribution and shortfall, if any, as an expense in the year incurred.

(iii) Defined Benefit Plan:

The obligation in respect of defined benefit plans, which cover Gratuity and Pension, are provided for on the basis of an actuarial valuation, using the projected unit credit method, at the end of each financial year. Actuarial gains/losses, if any, are recognized immediately in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

(iv) Other Long Term Benefits:

Long-term compensated absences are provided for on the basis of an actuarial valuation, using the projected unit credit method, at the end of each financial year. Actuarial gains /Losses, if any, are recognized immediately in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

(v) Presentation of Non-funded obligation of defined benefit plans and other long term benefits, as long term and short term liability is on the basis of actuary's report.

m) Income Taxes

Income Tax expenses comprise current tax and deferred tax charge or credit.

Current Tax is measured on the basis of estimated taxable income for the current accounting period in accordance with the applicable tax rates and the provisions of the Income-tax Act, 1961 and other applicable tax laws.

Deferred Tax reflects the impact of timing difference between accounting income and taxable income during the current year and reversal of timing differences for the earlier years. Deferred tax charge or credit and corresponding deferred tax liabilities or assets are measured using the tax rates and laws enacted or substantively enacted as on the balance sheet date. Deferred tax assets are recognized and carried forward only to the extent that there is reasonable certainty, except for carried forward losses and unabsorbed depreciation and items relating to capital losses which are recognized based on virtual certainty, supported by continuing evidence that there will be sufficient future taxable income available to realize the asset.

Minimum Alternate Tax (MAT):

MAT is recognized as an asset only when and to the extent there is convincing evidence that the Company will pay normal income tax during the specified period. In the year in which the MAT credit becomes eligible to be recognized as an asset in accordance with the recommendations contained in the Guidance Note issued by ICAI, the said asset is created by way of a credit to the Statement of Profit and Loss and is shown as MAT Credit Entitlement. The Company reviews the same at each balance sheet date and writes down the carrying amount of MAT Credit Entitlement to the extent there is no longer convincing evidence to the effect that Company will pay normal Income Tax during the specified period.

n) Revenue Recognition

Revenue is recognized to the extent that it is probable that the economic benefit will fow to the Company and the revenue can be reliably measured.

(i) Sales are recognized on transfer of significant risks and rewards of ownership of the goods to the buyer. Sales are net of Sales Tax, VAT, trade discounts, rebates and returns but include excise duty. Sales exclude self-consumption of finished goods.

(ii) Income from services is recognized (net of service tax as applicable) as they are rendered, based on agreement arrangement with the concerned parties.

(iii) Dividend income is accounted for when the right to receive the income is established. Interest income is recognized on time proportion basis taking into account the amount outstanding and the rate applicable. Income other than dividend and interest on Investments is recognized on maturity or sale.

(iv) Export incentives, insurance, railway and other claims, where quantum of accruals cannot be ascertained with reasonable certainty, are accounted on acceptance basis.

o) Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets:

Provisions are recognized when there is a present obligation as a result of past events and it is probable that an outfow of resources will be required to settle the obligation, in respect of which a reliable estimate can be made. These are reviewed at each Balance Sheet date and adjusted to refect the current best estimate.

A present obligation that arises from past events where it is either not probable that an outfow of resources will be required to settle or a reliable estimate of the amount cannot be made, is disclosed as a contingent liability. Contingent Liabilities are also disclosed when there is a possible obligation arising from past events, the existence of which will be confirmed only by the occurrence or non-occurrence of one or more uncertain future events not wholly within the control of the Company.

Claims against the Company where the possibility of any outfow of resources in settlement is remote, are not disclosed as Contingent Liabilities.

Contingent Liabilities are not recognized but are disclosed and Contingent Assets are neither recognized nor disclosed, in the financial statements.

p) Earnings per Share:

The basic Earnings per Share ("EPS") is computed by dividing the net Profit / (loss) after tax for the year attributable to the equity shareholders by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year.

For the purpose of calculating diluted earnings per share, net Profit/(loss) after tax for the year attributable to the equity shareholders divided by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the year after adjusting for the effects of all dilutive potential equity shares.

q) Operating lease:

Leases where significant portion of the risks and rewards of ownership are retained by the lessor are classified as operating leases and lease rentals thereon are charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

r) Classification of Assets and Liabilities into Current/Non- current:

All assets and liabilities are presented as Current or Non- current as per the Company's normal operating cycle and other criteria set out in the Schedule III of the Companies Act, 2013. Based on the nature of products and the time between the acquisition of assets for processing and their realization, the Company has ascertained its operating cycle as 12 months for the purpose of current / Non-current classification of assets and liabilities.

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Mar 31, 2014

A) Method of Accounting

The financial statements are based on historical cost convention (except for revaluation of certain Fixed Assets) and prepared in accordance with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles prevalent in India (Indian GAAP) and in compliance with the mandatory Accounting Standards notified by the Companies (Accounting Standards) Rules, 2006 and the provisions of the Companies Act,1956 read together with General Circular 15/2013 dated September 13, 2013 of the Ministry of Corporate affairs in respect of section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013.

b) Use of Accounting Estimates

The preparation of the financial statements in conformity with Indian GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the balances of assets and liabilities and disclosures relating to contingent liabilities as at the reporting date of the financial statements and amounts of income and expenses during the year of account. Examples of such estimates include provision for doubtful debts, income taxes and future obligations under employee retirement benefit plans. Management periodically assesses whether there is an indication that an asset may be impaired and makes provision in the accounts for any impairment losses estimated. Actual results could differ from those estimates and are given effect to as and when determine.

c) Fixed Assets

Fixed Assets are stated at cost/revaluation less accumulated depreciation and amortisation. Direct costs inclusive of inward freight, duties and taxes, incidental expenses including interest relating to acquisition and cost of improvements thereon are capitalised until the fixed assets are ready for its intended use.

Capital Work in Proress indicates the cost of fixed assets not ready for their intended use as at the reporting date of the financial statements.

d) Investments

Long term Investments are stated at cost with appropriate provision for diminution in value and the carrying value is reduced accordingly. Current Investments are stated at lower of cost and fair value.

e) Revenue Recognition

i) Sales are inclusive of Excise duty, packing charges and freight recovered thereon and exclusive of sales tax, rebates and discounts.

ii) Income from interest is accounted for on time proportion basis when the right to receive income is established, taking into account the amount outstanding and the applicable rate of interest, when the collection is reasonably certain.

f) Foreign Exchange Transactions

A. Transactions in foreign currency are initially accounted at the exchange rate prevailing on the date of the transaction, and adjusted appropriately, with the difference in the rate of exchange arising on actual receipt/payment during the year.

B. At each Balance Sheet date

i) Foreign currency monetary items are reported using the closing rate of exchange on the balance sheet date

ii) Foreign currency non-monetary items are reported using the exchange rate at which they were initially recognized In respect of forward exchange contracts

iii) Premium or discount on the contract is amortized over the term of the contract

iv) Exchange differences on the contract are recognized as profit or loss in the period in which they arise.

g) Depreciation:

Depreciation on fixed assets is provided at the rates specified in Schedule XIV of the Companies Act, 1956, as per the following method:

a) Under Straight line method in respect of all assets (excepting Transport vehicles, Furniture and office Equipment) at Visakha Cement Works (VCW), Durga Cement Works (DCW) and Assets acquired under modernisation scheme at Jayanthipuram Mines.

b) In respect of assets other than those mentioned above, under written down value method.

1. Depreciation on increase in value of fixed assets due to revaluation is provided under the straight line method at the rates prescribed in Schedule XIV and is transferred from Asset Revaluation Reserve to the Statement of Profit and Loss Account

2. Plant and Machineries have been considered as continuous process plant on the basis of technical assessment

3. In respect of inter unit transfer of assets, depreciation is computed on the same basis as in the Transferor unit.

h) Impairment of Assets

At the date of each Balance Sheet, the company evaluates internally, indications of the impairment if any, to the carrying amount of its fixed and other assets. If any indication does exist, the recoverable amount is estimated at the higher of the realizable value and value in use, as considered appropriate. If the estimated recoverable amount is less than the carrying amount, an impairment loss is recognized.

Reversal of impairment losses recognized in prior years is recorded when there is an indication that the impairment losses recognized for the asset no longer exist or have decreased. However, the increase in carrying amount of an asset due to reversal of an impairment loss is recognized to the extent the carrying amount would have been determined (net of depreciation) had no impairment loss being recognized for the asset in prior year

i) Employees Benefits

(a) Short Term Employee Benefits:

All employee benefits payable wholly within twelve months of rendering the service are classified as short term employee benefits. Benefits such as salaries, wages, and short term compensated absences, etc., and the expected cost of bonus, ex-gratia is recognized in the period in which the employee renders the related service.

(b) Post-Employment Benefits:

1. Defined Contribution Plans: Contributions to Provident Fund Scheme is made to the Statutory Authorities/ fund administered by the management and Employees State Insurance Scheme which are in the nature of defined contribution plans are charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss account as and when incurred during the year in which the employee renders the related service.

2. Defined Benefit Plans:

Gratuity

The company provides for obligation towards Gratuity, a defined benefit plan, covering eligible employees on the basis of an actuarial valuation using the projected unit credit method as at the year end.

Leave Encashment

Liability for leave encashment is provided on the basis of actuarial valuation using the projected unit credit method as on the Balance Sheet date. Actuarial Gain/Losses, if any, are immediately recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss account.

j) Taxes on Income

Tax Expenses for the year comprises both current tax and deferred tax. Current tax is determined as the amount of tax payable in respect of taxable income for the year. Deferred tax is recognised on timing differences, being the difference between taxable income and accounting income that originate in one period and are capable of reversal in one or more subsequent periods and quantified using the tax rates and law enacted or substantively enacted by the reporting date. Where there is an unabsorbed depreciation or carry forward loss, deferred tax assets are recognised only if there is virtual certainty of realisation of such assets. Other deferred tax assets are recognized only to the extent there is reasonable certainty of realisation in future. Deferred tax assets are reviewed for the appropriateness of their respective carrying values at each balance sheet date.

k) Borrowing Costs

Borrowing costs incurred in connection with the funds borrowed for acquisition/erection of assets that necessarily take a substantial period of time to get ready for intended use are capitalized as part of cost of such assets. All other borrowing costs are charged to revenue.

l) Earnings per Share

Basic earnings per share is computed and disclosed using the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the year. Dilutive earnings per share is computed and disclosed using the weighted average number of common and dilutive common equivalent shares outstanding during the year, except when the results would be anti-dilutive. Dilutive earnings per share include the dilutive effect of potential equity shares under Stock options.

m) Provisions, Contingencies and Contingent Assets Provisions involving substantial degree of estimation in measurement are recognized when there is a present obligation as a result of past events, and it is probable that there will be an outflow of resources and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation. Contingent assets are neither recognized nor disclosed in the financial statements. Contingent liabilities are not provided for and are disclosed by way of notes after a careful evaluation of the concerned facts and issues involved thereon.

n) Lease Rentals

i) Operating Leases: Rentals are expensed with reference to lease terms.

ii) Finance Leases: The lower of the fair value of the assets or present value of the minimum lease rentals is capitalized as fixed assets with corresponding amount shown as the lease liability. The principal component in the lease rental is adjusted against the lease liability and the interest component is charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss.

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Mar 31, 2012

A) GENERAL

Method of Accounting

The financial statements are based on historical cost convention (except for revaluation of certain Fixed Assets) and prepared in accordance with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles prevalent in India (Indian GAAP) and in compliance with the mandatory Accounting Standards notified by the Companies (Accounting Standards) Rules, 2006 and the provisions of the Companies Act, 1956.

Use of Accounting Estimates

The preparation of the financial statements in conformity with Indian GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the balances of assets and liabilities and disclosures relating to contingent liabilities as at the reporting date of the financial statements and amounts of income and expenses during the year of account. Examples of such estimates include provision for doubtful debts, income taxes and future obligations under employee retirement benefit plans. Management periodically assesses whether there is an indication that an asset may be impaired and makes provision in the accounts for any impairment losses estimated. Actual results could differ from those estimates and are given effect to as and when determine.

b) FIXED ASSETS

Fixed Assets are stated at cost/valuation less accumulated depreciation and amortisation. Direct costs inclusive of inward freight, duties and taxes, incidental expenses including interest relating to acquisition and cost of improvements thereon are capitalised until fixed assets are ready for its intended use. Capital Work in Progress indicates the cost of fixed assets not ready for their intended use as at the reporting date of the financial statements.

c) INVESTMENTS

Long term Investments are stated at cost with appropriate provision for diminution in value and the carrying value is reduced accordingly. Current Investments are stated at lower of cost and fair value.

d) SALES

Sales are inclusive of Excise duty, packing charges and freight recovered thereon and exclusive of sales tax, rebates and discounts.

e) FOREIGN EXCHANGE TRANSACTIONS

A. Transactions in foreign currency are initially accounted at the exchange rate prevailing on the date of the transaction, and adjusted appropriately, with the difference in the rate of exchange arising on actual receipt/payment during the year.

B. At each Balance Sheet date

i) Foreign currency monetary items are reported using the closing rate of exchange on the balance sheet date

ii) Foreign currency non-monetary items are reported using the exchange rate at which they were initially recognized

In respect of forward exchange contracts

iii) Premium or discount on the contract is amortised over the term of the contract

iv) Exchange differences on the contract are recognized as profit or loss in the period in which they arise

f) DEPRECIATION:

A. Depreciation on fixed assets is provided at the rates specified in Schedule XIV of the Companies Act, 1956, as per the following method:

a) Under Straight line method in respect of

All assets (excepting Transport vehicles, Furniture and office Equipment) at Visakha Cement Works (VCW), Durga Cement Works (DCW) and Assets acquired under modernisation scheme at Jayanthipuram Mines.

b) In tespect of assets other than those mentioned above, under written down value method.

B. Depreciation on increase in value of fixed assets due to revaluation is provided under the straight line method at the rates prescribed in Schedule XIV and is transferred from Asset Revaluation Reserve to the Profit and Loss Account

C. Plant and Machineries have been considered as continuous process plant on the basis of technical assessment

D. In respect of inter unit transfer of assets, depreciation is computed on the same basis as in the Transferor unit.

g) IMPAIRMENT OF ASSETS

At the date of each Balance Sheet, the company evaluates internally, indications of the impairment if any, to the carrying amount of its fixed and other assets. If any indication does exist, the recoverable amount is estimated at the higher of the realizable value and value in use, as considered appropriate. If the estimated recoverable amount is less than the carrying amount, an impairment loss is recognized.

Reversal of impairment losses recognized in prior years is recorded when there is an indication that the impairment losses recognized for the asset no longer exist or have decreased. However, the increase in carrying amount of an asset due to reversal of an impairment loss is recognized to the extent the carrying amount would have been determined (net of depreciation) had no impairment loss being recognized for the asset in prior years.

h) EMPLOYEES BENEFITS

(a) Short Term Employee Benefits:

All employee benefits payable wholly within twelve months of rendering the service are classified as short term employee benefits. Benefits such as salaries, wage's, short term compensated absences, etc., and the expected cost of bonus, ex-gratia ate recognized in the period in which the employee renders the related service.

(b) Post-Employment Benefits:

1. Defined Contribution Plans: Contributions to Provident Fund Scheme and Employees State Insurance Scheme which are in the nature of defined contribution plans are charged to the Profit and Loss account as and when incurred during the year in which the employee renders the related service.

2. Defined Benefit Plans:

(i) Provident Fund contributions are also made by the company to a Trust under a defined benefit plan. The amount of contribution by the company and the employees, together with interest thereon at a rate not lower than the rate fixed by the Government on similar funds administered by it, is payable to the employees on cessation of their service with the company. The contribution to be made by the company is determined each year based on the Fund available and the liability at each Balance Sheet date as per the calculations made by an independent Actuary. Such contribution is accounted on accrual accordingly.

(ii) The company also provides for retirement/post-retirement benefits in the form of gratuity and leave encashment. Such benefits are provided for based on valuations, as at the Balance Sheet date, made by independent actuaries. Termination benefits are recognized as an expense as and when incurred. Actuarial gains and losses are recognized immediately in Profit and Loss Account as income or expense. i) TAXES ON INCOME

a) Provision for current tax is made on estimated taxable income using the applicable tax rates and the provisions specified under the Income Tax Act, 1961.

b) The deferred tax arising on account of timing differences between the taxable income and accounting income which are capable of reversal in one or more subsequent periods is recognised using the tax rates and laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted as of the Balance Sheet date.

c) Deferred tax asset is recognised to the extent there is reasonable certainty that these would be realised in future against sufficient future taxable income.

d) In case of unabsorbed depreciation and carried forward tax losses, deferred tax asset is recognised only if there is virtually certainty that such deferred tax asset can be realized against future taxable profits.

j) BORROWING COSTS

Borrowing costs incurred in connection with the funds borrowed for acquisition/ erection of assets that necessarily take a substantial period of time to get ready for intended use are capitalized as part of cost of such assets. All other borrowing costs are charged to revenue.

k) PROVISIONS, CONTINGENCIES AND CONTINGENT ASSETS

Provisions involving substantial degree of estimation in measurement are recognized when there is a present obligation as a result of past events, and it is probable that there will be an outflow of resources and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation. Contingent assets are neither recognized nor disclosed in the financial statements. Contingent liabilities are not provided for and are disclosed by way of notes after a careful evaluation of the concerned facts and issues involved thereon.

4.1 OCD-A, OCD-B, NCD and Term Loan are secured by first charge by way of mortage, on immovable properties and hypothecation of all movable properties, machinery, machinery spares, tools and accesseries, present and future, and second charge on current assets including inventories, stores and spares, book debts, operating cash flow receivables etc., Further secured by first charge on Trust and Retention Account, Debt Service reserve Account and other reserve relating to the project, and personal guarantee of the erstwhile Chairman Mr.GRGoenka.

4.2 Terms of redemption/conversion of OCD-A, OCD-B and NCD :

The holders have the right to convert, the whole or part of the OCDs into fully paid-up equity shares of the Company at any time before expiry of 18 months from the date of allotment i.e., from 9th September,2009 and now as the option stands expired all the OCDs and NCDs shall be redeemed in 24 Quarterly installments commencing from April 15, 2012.

The holders have the right to convert, in the event of default committed by the Company, at its option the whole or part of the any unconverted OCDs/NCD into fully paid-up equity shares of the Company, at a price per equity share determined in accordance with the appropriate Regulatory framework (SEBI regulations) extant at the time of such default.

4.3 Interest @11.50% p.a. is payable on OCD-A, OCD-B and NCDs as on March 31, 2012 ' 6.1 Working Capital Loans are secured by first charge by way of hypothecation of inventories and book debts and second charge on fixed assets of the Company. Further secured by Corporate Guarantee of Duncan Industries Limited (Erswhile promoter Company) and personal guarantee of the erstwhile Chairman, Mr.GP.Goenka.

4.1 OCD-A, OCD-B, NCD and Term Loan are secured by first charge by way of mortage, on immovable properties and hypothecation of all movable properties, machinery, machinery spares, tools and accesseries, present and future, and second charge on current assets including inventories, stores and spares, book debts, operating cash flow receivables etc., Further secured by first charge on Trust and Retention Account, Debt Service reserve Account and other reserve relating to the project, and personal guarantee of the erstwhile Chairman Mr.GP.Goenka.

4.2 Terms of redemption/conversion of OCD-A, OCD-B and NCD :

The holders have the right to convert, the whole or part of the OCDs into fully paid-up equity shares of the Company at any time before expiry of 18 months from the date of allotment i.e., from 9th September,2009 and now as the option stands expired all the OCDs and NCDs shall be redeemed in 24 Quarterly installments commencing from April 15, 2012.

The holders have the right to convert, in the event of default committed by the Company, at its option the whole or part of the any unconverted OCDs/NCD into fully paid-up equity shares of the Company, at a price per equity share determined in accordance with the appropriate Regulatory framework (SEBI regulations) extant at the time of such default.

4.3 Interest @11.50% p.a. is payable on OCD-A, OCD-B and NCDs as on March 31, 2012 '6.1 Working Capital Loans are secured by first charge by way of hypothecation of inventories and book debts and second charge on fixed assets of the Company. Further secured by Corporate Guarantee of Duncan Industries Limited (Erswhile promoter Company) and personal guarantee of the erstwhile Chairman, Mr.GP.Goenka.

7.1 Unpaid matured Debentures are secured to the extent of Rs.195.31 lacs against deposil in a separate bank account with lien thereon in favour of Debenture Trustees. As per Modified Scheme 2008 (MS-08), Principal amount is payable as and when claimec ¦ by the Debenture Holders after adjusting the repayments made earlier, if any.

9.1 Transport vehicle includes 6 nos. of cars which are not in possession of the Company, and the ownership of these cars is not verifiable.

9.2 Gross block includes increase in value of land, building, plant and machniery, electrical installations, and railway siding conse- quent to revaluation by an approved valuer as on March 31,1998 at the then replacement values aggregating to Rs. 20834 Lakhs. Depriciation for the period amounting to Rs.468.62 Lakhs (Rs.781.04 lakhs) on the revalued depriciable assets has been with- drawn from the Asset. Revaluation Reserve and reduced from the depriciation charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss. Further, revaluation reserve in respect of the assets sold/ discarded during the period has been adjusted approprietly in the above schedule to the extent of Rs. Nil (Rs. Nil) against WDV of Plant & Machinery

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Mar 31, 2010

A) GENERAL

Method of Accounting

The financial statements are based on historical.cost convention (except for revaluation of certain Fixed Assets) and prepared in accordance with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (Indian GAAP) and in compliance with the Accounting Standards notified in Section 21.1 (3C) of the Companies Act, 1956, and the provisions of the Companies Act, 1956.

Use of Accounting Estimates

The preparation of the financial statements in conformity with Indian GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the balances of assets and liabilities and disclosures relating to contingent liabilities as at the reporting date of the financial statements and amounts of income and expenses during the year of account. Examples of such estimates include provision for doubtful debts, income taxes and future obligations under employee retirement benefit plans. Management periodically assesses whether there is an indication that an asset may be impaired and makes provision in the accounts for any impairment losses estimated. Contingencies are recorded when it is probable that a liability will be incurred, and the amount can be reasonably estimated. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

b) FIXED ASSETS

Fixed Assets are stated at cost/valuation less accumulated depreciation and amortisation. Direct costs inclusive of inward freight, duties and taxes, incidental expenses including interest relating to acquisition and cost of improvements thereon are capitalised until fixed assets are ready for its intended use. Capital Work in Progress indicates the cost of fixed assets not ready for their intended use as at the reporting date of the financial statements.

c) INVESTMENTS

Long term Investments are stated at cost with appropriate provision for diminution in value and the carrying value is reduced accordingly. Current Investments are stated at lower of cost and fair value.

d) INVENTORIES

. Finished goods are valued at lower of the Cost or estimated Net Rea- lisable Value and include appropriate portion of the overheads and excise duty wherever applicable.

. Work in progress is valued at Cost and includes appropriate portion of the overheads.

. Raw materials, Stores and spares are valued at cost using weighted average method.

# Machinery spares which can be used only in connection with an item of fixed assets and whose use is expected to be irregular are amortised over the life of the principal assets.

. Scrap is valued at estimated net realisable value.

e) CONTINGENT LIABILITIES

Contingent liabilities are not recognized in the accounts, but are disclosed after a careful evaluation of the concerned facts and legal issues involved.

f) SALES

Sales are inclusive of Excise duty, packing charges and freight recovered thereon and exclusive of sales tax, rebates and discounts.

g) FOREIGN EXCHANGE TRANSACTIONS

A. Transactions in foreign currency are initially accounted at the exchange rate prevailing on the date of the transaction, and adjusted appropriately, with the difference in the rate of exchange arising on actual receipt/payment during the year.

B..At each Balance Sheet date

i) Foreign currency monetary items are reported using the rate of exchange on the date.

ii) Foreign currency non-monetary items are reported using the exchange rate at which they were initially recognized.

C. In respect of forward exchange contracts in the nature of hedges

i) Premium or discount on the contract is amortised over the term of the contract.

ii) Exchange differences on the contract are recognized as profit or loss in the period in which they arise.

h) DEPRECIATION:

A. Depreciation is provided at the rates specified in Schedule XIV of the Companies Act, 1956, on the original cost of the fixed assets.

a) Under Straight line method in respect of

All assets (excepting Transport vehicles, Furniture and office Equipment) at Visakhapatnam Unit, Durgapuram Unit and Assets acquired under modernisation scheme at Jayanthipuram Mines.

-b) In respect of assets other- than those mentioned above, under written down value method.

B. Depreciation on increase in value of fixed assets due to revaluation is provided under the straight line method at the rates prescribed in Schedule XIV and is transferred from Asset Revaluation Reserve to the Profit and Loss Account.

C. Plant and Machinery have been considered as continuous process plant on the basis of technical assessment.

D. In respect of inter unit transfer of assets, Depreciation is computed on the same basis as in the Transferor unit.

i) IMPAIRMENT OF ASSETS

At the date of each Balance Sheet, the company evaluates internally, indications of the impairment if any, to the carrying amount of its fixed and other assets. If any indication does exist, the recoverable amount is estimated at the higher of the realizable value and value in use, as considered appropriate. If the estimated recoverable amount is less than the carrying amount, an impairment loss is recognized.

Reversal of impairment losses recognized in prior years is recorded when there is an indication that the impairment losses recognized for the asset no longer exist or have decreased. However, the increase in carrying amount of an asset due to reversal of an impairment loss is recognized to the extent which does not exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined (net of depreciation) had no impairment loss being recognized for the asset in prior years.

j) EMPLOYEES BENEFITS

(a)Short Term Employee Benefits:.

All employee benefits payable wholly within twelve months of rendering the service are classified as short term employee benefits. Benefits such as salaries, wages,

short term compensated absences, etc., and the expected cost of bonus, ex-gratia are recognized in the period in which the employee renders the related service.

(b)Post-Employment Benefits:

1 Defined Contribution Plans: Contributions to Provident Fund Scheme and Employees State Insurance Scheme which are in the nature of defined contribution plans are charged to the Profit and Loss account as and when incurred during the year in which the employee renders the related service.

2. Defined Benefit Plans:

(i) Provident Fund contributions are also made by the company to a Trust under a defined benefit plan. The amount of contribution by the company and the employees, together with interest thereon at a rate not lower than the rate fixed by the Government on similar funds administered by it, is payable to the employees on cessation of their service with the company. The contribution to be made by the company is determined each year based on the Fund available and the liability at each Balance Sheet date as per the calculations made by an independent Actuary. Such contribution is accounted on accrual accordingly.

(ii) The company also provides for retirement/post-retirement benefits in the form of gratuity and leave encashment. Such benefits are provided for based on valuations, as at the Balance Sheet date, made by independent actuaries. Termination benefits are recognized as an expense as and when incurred.

k) TAXES ON INCOME

a) Provision for current tax is made on the basis of estimated taxable income for the current accounting year in accordance with the Income Tax Act, 1961.

b) The deferred tax for timing differences between the book and tax profits for the years accounted for, using the tax rates and laws that have been substantively enacted as of the Balance Sheet date.

c) Deferred tax asset arising from timing differences is recognised to the extent there is reasonable -certainty that these would be realised in future.

d) Deferred tax asset is recognised on unabsorbed business losses only if there is virtually certainty that such deferred tax asset can be realized against future taxable profits.

I) BORROWING COSTS

Borrowing costs incurred in connection with the funds borrowed for acquisition/ erection of assets that necessarily take a substantial period of time to get ready for intended use are capitalized as part of cost of such assets. All other borrowing costs are charged to revenue.

m) EARNINGS PER SHARE (EPS)

In arriving at the EPS, the Companys net profit after tax, computed in terms of the Indian GAAP, is divided by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding on the last day of the reporting period. The EPS thus arrived at is known as Basic EPS To arrive at the diluted EPS the net profit after tax, referred above, is divided by the weighted average number of equity shares, as computed above and the weighted average number of equity shares that could have been issued on conversion of shares having potential dilutive effect subject to the terms of issue of those potential shares. The date/s of issue of such potential shares determine the amount of the weighted average number of potential equity shares.

(iii) Probable liability, if any, that may arise as a result of non-compliance with the requirements of Jute Packaging Materials (Compulsory Use of Packaging Commodities) Act, 1987 upto the Jute Year 1997-98, consequent on differing divergent decisions of different courts and also the representations of industry before the Government, as the same is not ascertainable at this stage.