Department of Telecom Begins Assessment of Spectrum Demand for 5G Private Networks

The Department of Telecommunications (DoT) is revisiting the demand for spectrum allocation for 5G private networks, also known as captive non-public networks (CNPN). This initiative follows a previous provision issued in June 2022. The department aims to identify suitable frequency bands for direct spectrum assignment through a demand survey conducted via the Saral Sanchar portal, according to an official memorandum dated June 30.

CNPN providers have two options for setting up their networks: leasing spectrum from telecom operators or acquiring it directly from the DoT. However, telecom operators have expressed concerns about the direct allocation of spectrum to enterprises wishing to establish 5G private networks. The DoT initially proposed certain frequency bands for CNPN licensees, but a lack of device ecosystem in these bands was observed.

5G Technology and Frequency Bands

The Telecom Regulatory Authority of India had suggested using frequency ranges such as 3700-3800 MHz, 4800-4990 MHz, and 28.5-29.5 MHz for CNPN. Recent analyses by the department indicate that the device ecosystem for CNPN is predominantly available in IMT bands. Furthermore, advancements in 5G technology have introduced various use cases.

System integrators are showing significant interest in establishing CNPN-based networks. The DoT has invited feedback from enterprises with a net worth exceeding Rs 100 crore and those interested in setting up CNPN by acquiring spectrum directly from the department. Comments are also sought from system integrators willing to establish CNPN networks for enterprises by July 31.

Challenges and Opportunities

Ankit Dixit, CEO of Tidal Wave Technologies, noted that enterprise and industrial adoption of private 5G networks is still in its early stages. Active deployments remain limited, primarily due to high spectrum costs, slow responsiveness to enterprise needs, and expectations for free trials or proof-of-concepts.

Dixit emphasised that private 5G networks could significantly enhance industries through secure and high-performance connectivity. To realise this potential, there is a need to strengthen policy frameworks, simplify spectrum access, and encourage collaboration across the ecosystem.

The DoT's reassessment of spectrum demand aims to address these challenges and facilitate the growth of private 5G networks. By identifying suitable frequency bands and engaging with stakeholders, the department seeks to create an environment conducive to the widespread adoption of CNPN services.

With inputs from PTI